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51. Blood‐based protein predictors of dementia severity as measured by δ: Replication across biofluids and cohorts

Author

Donald R. Royall, Ram J. Bishnoi, Raymond F. Palmer, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Valory Pavlik, Paul Massman, Eveleen Darby, Monica Rodriguear, Aisha Khaleeq Ansari, John C. DeToledo, Hemachandra Reddy, Henrick Wilms, Kim Johnson, Victoria Perez, Thomas Fairchild, Janice Knebl, Sid E. O'Bryant, James R. Hall, Leigh Johnson, Robert C. Barber, Douglas Mains, Lisa Alvarez, Munro Cullum, Roger Rosenberg, Benjamin Williams, Mary Quiceno, Joan Reisch, Linda S. Hynan, Ryan Huebinger, Janet Smith, Trung Nguyen, Donald Royall, Raymond Palmer, Marsha Polk, Alan Stevens, Marcia Ory, David Paydarfar, John Bertelson, Martin Woon, Gayle Ayres, Alyssa Aguirre, Kirk C. Wilhelmsen, and Jeffrey L. Tilson

Subjects
ADNI, Aging, Cognition, Dementia, Intelligence, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Dementia severity can be empirically described by the latent dementia phenotype “δ” and its various composite “homologs”. We have explored δ's blood‐based protein biomarkers in the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium (TARCC) study. However, it would be convenient to replicate those associations in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). To this end, we recently engineered a δ homolog from observed cognitive performance measures common to both projects (i.e., “dT2A”). Methods We used nine rationally chosen peripheral blood‐based protein biomarkers as indicators of a latent variable “INFLAMMATION”. We then associated that construct with dT2A in structural equation models adjusted for age, gender, depressive symptoms, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allelic burden. Significant factor loadings and INFLAMMATION's association with dT2A were confirmed in random splits of TARCC's relatively large sample, and across biofluids in the ADNI. Results Nine proteins measured in serum (TARCC) or plasma (ADNI) explained ≅10% of dT2A's variance in both samples, independently of age, APOE, education, and gender. All loaded significantly on INFLAMMATION, and positively or negatively, depending on their known roles are PRO‐ or ANTI‐inflammatory proteins, respectively. The parameters of interest were confirmed across random 50% splits of the TARCC's sample, and replicated across biofluids in the ADNI. Discussion These results suggest that SEM can be used to replicate biomarker findings across samples and biofluids, and that a substantial fraction of dementia's variance is attributable to peripheral blood‐based protein levels.

Published
2019
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52. Picking Up the Pieces—Harmonising and Collating Seabed Substrate Data for European Maritime Areas

Author

Anu Marii Kaskela, Aarno Tapio Kotilainen, Ulla Alanen, Rhys Cooper, Sophie Green, Janine Guinan, Sytze van Heteren, Susanna Kihlman, Vera Van Lancker, Alan Stevenson, and the EMODnet Geology Partners

Subjects
marine geology, seafloor mapping, seabed substrate, harmonisation, confidence, spatial scale, data gaps, European seas, EMODnet, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The poor access to data on the marine environment is a handicap to government decision-making, a barrier to scientific understanding and an obstacle to economic growth. In this light, the European Commission initiated the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) in 2009 to assemble and disseminate hitherto dispersed marine data. In the ten years since then, EMODnet has become a key producer of publicly available, harmonised datasets covering broad areas. This paper describes the methodologies applied in EMODnet Geology project to produce fully populated GIS layers of seabed substrate distribution for the European marine areas. We describe steps involved in translating national seabed substrate data, conforming to various standards, into a uniform EMODnet substrate classification scheme (i.e., the Folk sediment classification). Rock and boulders form an additional substrate class. Seabed substrate data products at scales of 1:250,000 and 1:1 million, compiled using descriptions and analyses of seabed samples as well as interpreted acoustic images, cover about 20% and 65% of the European maritime areas, respectively. A simple confidence assessment, based on sample and acoustic coverage, is helpful in identifying data gaps. The harmonised seabed substrate maps are particularly useful in supraregional, transnational and pan-European marine spatial planning.

Published
2019
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53. The components of the Korotkoff sounds

Author

Alan Steven Robbins and Simon Rodbard

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Blood Pressure, Electrocardiography, Reference Values, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Korotkoff sounds, Sound (medical instrument), business.industry, Laminar flow, Blood Pressure Determination, Arteries, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood pressure, Bruit, Heart Sounds, Sound, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart sounds, Cuff, Vascular resistance, Cardiology, Vascular Resistance, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

The arterial sounds include the following components: (1) and opening tap generated as the rising intra-arterial pressure overcomes the obstructive force of the compression produced by the cuff; (2) a rumble generated by flow through the partially opened, vibrating arterial wall; (3) a closing bruit produced during the arterial downstroke as intra-arterial pressure falls below the cuff pressure; and (4) breakers which occur prior to the opening tap when the arterial upstroke is steep. (5) Silences represent either laminar flow through a fully opened vessel, or absence of flow. Similarities between the Korotkoff sounds and the heart sounds and murmurs are indicated.

Published
1967

56. Smiles for Life National Oral Health Curriculum: Module 8. Geriatric Oral Health

Author

Alan Stevens Wrightson, Alan Douglass, Pamela Stein, Melinda Clark, Mark Deutchman, Joanna Douglass, Wanda Gonsalves, Russell Maier, Rocio Quinonez, Hugh Silk, and James Tysinger

Subjects
Mouth Neoplasms, Building Oral Health Capacity (BOHC) Collection, Elderly, Aging, Periodontitis, Root Caries, Medicine (General), R5-920, Education
Abstract

Abstract This resource on geriatric oral health covers topics for health care providers who take care of older adult patients. The module covers a range of topics including oral health assessment; common oral diseases such as caries, periodontitis, and oral cancer; oral-systemic links (diabetes, arthritis, and dementia, to name a few); nursing home and caregiver issues; and elder abuse as it pertains to oral health. This resource is designed as an interactive educational tool for both individuals and groups from all aspects of the health care profession. It is a part of the series Smiles for Life: A National Oral Health Curriculum, the nation's most comprehensive and widely used oral health curriculum designed for primary care clinicians. The eight-module course covers the relationship of oral to systemic health, child oral health, adult oral health, dental emergencies, oral health in pregnancy, fluoride varnish, and the oral examination.

Published
2012
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57. A systematic study of enzyme-nanomaterial interactions for application in active surface decontamination

Author

Campbell, Alan Steven

Subjects
Chemical engineering, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Enzymes are a catalytic class of proteins that possess high specificity, selectivity and biocompatibility, which makes them ideal for multiple applications in industrial production and biotechnology. However, the use of enzymes in such applications is limited due to their low operational stability and increased cost attributed to difficulty of purification and reuse. Immobilization of enzymes onto nano-sized solid supports has emerged as a potential solution to these shortcomings with a trade-off of a percentage of activity loss upon immobilization. Herein, a comprehensive study of enzyme immobilization techniques with emphasis on active-surface decontamination applications is presented.;In Chapter 1, an overview of the potential uses of enzymes and enzyme immobilization techniques is given. Benefits of enzyme-nanosupport conjugates in industrial catalysis, energy production (i.e. biofuels and biofuel cells), biosensing and bioactive coatings are discussed with emphasis on enzyme-based decontamination coatings. It is emphasized that enzyme-based conjugates are capable of increasing enzyme stability at operational conditions used in industrial production of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals and foods. Also, this Chapter emphasizes the benefits of enzyme immobilization in regard to the development of the next generation of biosensors with enhanced selectivity and specificity or biofuel cells that do not require a membrane, and thus allow miniaturization. Additionally, coatings capable of decontaminating pathogens such as bacteria and spores can be produced through the incorporation of enzymenanomaterial conjugates. Finally, the chapter provides new perspectives and future directions in enzyme-based biotechnology. A. Campbell, C. Dong, C. Xiang, N. Q. Wu and C. Z. Dinu, "Enzyme-Based Technologies: Perspectives and Opportunities" Accepted to Green Polymer Chemistry: Biocatalysis and Biomaterials, ACS Symposium Series 2012..;In Chapter 2, the impacts of the reactions that take place upon enzyme immobilization at the nanointerface are discussed and the effects of multiple variables present in the immobilization process on enzyme retained activity are identified. These variables include nanosupport characteristics (i.e. physical and chemical properties, rate of curvature), enzyme properties (i.e. surface properties, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and immobilization technique (i.e. chemical or physical binding). Prior to immobilization of the selected enzymes (i.e. soybean peroxidase (SBP), chloroperoxidase (CPO) and glucose oxidase (GOX)) all nanosupports (i.e. single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide nanosheets (GON)) are chemically functionalized under user-controlled conditions through strong acids treatment and characterized in terms of structure and morphology. A comparison of how the characteristics of both the nanosupports used as well as immobilization technique employed affect retained activity in an enzyme specific manner is also presented. A. Campbell, C. Dong, J. Hardinger, F. Meng, G. Perhinschi, N. Q. Wu and C. Z. Dinu, "Activity and Kinetics of Immobilized Enzyme Depend on the Enzyme-Interface Reaction" To be submitted to Langmuir..;In Chapter 3, the development of a self-decontaminating enzyme-nanosupport hybrid system is presented. This system is based on the generation of the strong decontaminant hypochlorous acid (HOCl) by CPO. Two strategies are investigated. First, the production of the required substrate (i.e. hydrogen peroxide (H 2O2)) by photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanobelts to be used by immobilized CPO for in situ HOCl generation is tested. Secondly, the production of H2O2 by co-immobilized GOX onto MWCNTs in the presence of glucose to be further used by immobilized CPO for in situ HOCl generation is examined. Characterization of both conjugate systems as well as their capacity for HOCl generation is presented in detail. The decontaminant production capability of the CPO-MWCNTs-GOX system shows promise for the next generation of active surface decontamination coatings. A. Campbell, C. Dong, C. Xiang, N. Q. Wu, J. S. Dordick and C. Z. Dinu, "Bionano Engineering Hybrids for the Next Generation of Self- Sustainable Decontamination Coatings" Submitted to Process Biochemistry..;This thesis also contains Appendices in which supporting information in regard to the respective chapters is detailed. Also attached are other publications in which I have been a contributing author: (1) C. Dong, A. Campbell, R. Eldawud, G. Perhinschi, Y. Rojansakul and C. Z. Dinu, "Effects of Acid Treatment on Structure, Properties and Biocompatibility of Carbon Nanotubes" Applied Surface Science 2013, 264, 261-268. (2) C. Z. Dinu, I. Borkar, S. Bale, A. Campbell, R. Kane and J. S. Dordick "Perhydrolase-nanotube-paint sporicidal composites stabilized by intramolecular crosslinking" Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic 2012, 75,20-2..

Published
2013

58. Turning japanese.

Author

Alan, Steven

Subjects
RETAIL stores, SHOPPING, FASHION
Abstract

Focuses on the changing scene of Japan's shopping sector. Trends in clothes; Information on the designs of Jun Takahashi, the designer who founded the Under Cover line; Concept of Cabane de Zucca store.

Published
1999

62. In the Wash.

Author

Alan, Steven and Slenske, Michael

Subjects
FASHION designers, CLOTHING & dress, PRODUCT lines, BUSINESS partnerships, SNEAKERS, SHOCHU
Abstract

The article features fashion designer Steven Alan. In 1999, Alan produced his own limited run of shirts--solid prewashed oxfords with contrast stitching--and they were an immediate hit with Wall Streeters and hipsters alike. Alan says it is about staying loyal to the customer. In spring 2008, he worked with The Generic Man on the perfect slip-on sneaker made from well-aged canvas. He likes drinking shochu, a Japanese liquor made with rice and can be mixed with anything such as grapefruit juice or iced tea.

Published
2008

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