666 results on '"Aged -- Diseases"'
Search Results
52. Hypertension and Cognitive Decline in Rural Elderly Chinese
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Analysis ,Gerontology -- Analysis ,Developing countries -- Analysis ,Hypertension -- Risk factors ,Hypertension -- Analysis ,Alzheimer's disease -- Risk factors ,Alzheimer's disease -- Analysis ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02267.x Keywords: cognitive aging; cardiovascular risk factor; elderly Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between hypertension and cognitive decline in older adults. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Four rural counties in China. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand rural Chinese aged 65 and older (median age 70, range 65-92) participated in a baseline evaluation. A follow-up evaluation of 1,737 subjects was conducted 2.5 years after baseline. MEASUREMENTS: Cognitive function was assessed using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word List Learning and Recall Tests, Indiana University (IU) Story Recall Test, Animal Fluency Test, and IU Token Test. Hypertension was defined as the mean of two readings of systolic blood pressure (BP) of 140 mmHg or greater, diastolic BP of 90 mmHg or greater, or according to self-report. Cognitive decline was derived as the difference between baseline and follow-up scores. Analysis of covariance models were used to estimate the association between hypertension, BP, and cognitive decline, adjusting for other covariates. RESULTS: Greater decline was found on the CERAD 10-Word List Learning (P CONCLUSION: Untreated hypertension was associated with greater cognitive decline in this Chinese cohort. Better hypertension detection and treatment in elderly people, especially in developing countries, may offer protection against cognitive decline. Author Affiliation: (*)Department of Medicine ([dagger])Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China Departments of([double dagger])Psychiatry (s.)Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and (**)Center for Aging Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana ([parallel])Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease in China, Jinan, China (#)Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China, Chengdu, China; and ([dagger][dagger])Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana. Article note: Address correspondence to Sujuan Gao, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th Street, Suite 3000, Indianapolis, IN 46202-2872. E-mail: sgao@iupui.edu
- Published
- 2009
53. Environmental Risk Factors for Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalization in Older Adults
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Aged -- Diseases ,Bacterial pneumonia -- Risk factors ,Pneumonia -- Risk factors ,Heart failure -- Risk factors ,Kidney diseases -- Risk factors ,Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Risk factors ,Solvents ,Gasoline ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02259.x Keywords: pneumonia; smoking; nutrition Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia in older adults in relation to biophysical environmental factors. DESIGN: Population-based case control study with collection of personal interview data. SETTING: Hamilton, Ontario, and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred seventeen people aged 65 and older hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from September 2002 to April 2005 and 867 controls aged 65 and older randomly selected from the same communities as the cases. MEASUREMENTS: Odds ratios (ORs) for risk of pneumonia in relation to environmental and other variables. RESULTS: Exposure to secondhand smoke in the previous month (OR=1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04-2.90); poor nutritional score (OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.19-2.80); alcohol use per month (per gram; OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.08-2.61); history of regular exposure to gases, fumes, or chemicals at work (OR=3.69, 95% CI=2.37-5.75); history of regular exposure to fumes from solvents, paints, or gasoline at home (OR=3.31, 95% CI=1.59-6.87); and non-English language spoken at home (OR=5.31, 95% CI=2.60-10.87) were associated with a greater risk of pneumonia hospitalization in multivariable analysis. Age, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive lung disease, dysphagia, renal disease, functional status, use of immunosuppressive disease medications, and lifetime history of smoking of more than 100 cigarettes were other variables associated with hospitalization for pneumonia. CONCLUSION: In elderly people, present and past exposures in the physical environmental are associated with hospitalization for CAP. Author Affiliation: (*)Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and ([dagger])Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario ([double dagger])Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario (s.)St. Joseph's Health System Research Network, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ([parallel])Department of Microbiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario (#)Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba; and (**)Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Article note: Address correspondence to Mark Loeb, McMaster University, MDCL 3200, 1200 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5. E-mail: loebm@mcmaster.ca
- Published
- 2009
54. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy in older adults: 1- and 2-y effects on bone
- Author
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Weiss, Edward P., Shah, Krupa, Fontana, Luigi, Lambert, Charles P., Holloszy, John O., and Villareal, Dennis T.
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Bone diseases -- Diagnosis ,Bone diseases -- Care and treatment ,Bone diseases -- Research ,Dehydroepiandrosterone -- Dosage and administration ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Medical examination ,Hormone therapy -- Health aspects ,Bones -- Density ,Bones -- Measurement ,Bones -- Physiological aspects ,Bones -- Research ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Background: Age-related reductions in serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations may be involved in bone mineral density (BMD) losses. Objective: The objective was to determine whether DHEA supplementation in older adults improves BMD when co-administered with vitamin D and calcium. Design: In year 1, a randomized trial was conducted in which men (n = 55) and women (n = 58) aged 65-75 y took 50 mg/d oral DHEA supplements or placebo. In year 2, all participants took open-label DHEA (50 mg/d). During both years, all participants received vitamin D (16 [micro]g/d) and calcium (700 mg/d) supplements. BMD was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Concentrations of hormones and bone turnover markers were measured in serum. Results: In men, no difference between groups occurred in any BMD measures or in bone turnover markers during year 1 or year 2. The free testosterone index and estradiol increased in the DHEA group only. In women, spine BMD increased by 1.7 [+ or -] 0.6% (P = 0.0003) during year 1 and by 3.6 [+ or -] 0.7% after 2 y of supplementation in the DHEA group; however, in the placebo group, spine BMD was unchanged during year 1 but increased to 2.6 [+ or -] 0.9% above baseline during year 2 after the crossover to DHEA. Hip BMD did not change. Testosterone, estradiol, and insulin-like growth factor 1 increased in the DHEA group only. In both groups, serum concentrations of bone turnover markers decreased during year 1 and remained low during year 2, but did not differ between groups. Conclusion: DHEA supplementation in older women, but not in men, improves spine BMD when co-administered with vitamin D and calcium. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00182975.
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- 2009
55. Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Assessment and Management of Sleep Disorders in Older Persons
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Aged -- Diseases ,Sleep apnea syndromes -- Development and progression ,Hypertension -- Development and progression ,Insomnia -- Development and progression ,Comorbidity -- Development and progression ,Medical colleges ,Gerontology ,Long-term care of the sick ,Neurosciences ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02220.x Abstract: Sleep-related disorders are most prevalent in the older adult population. A high prevalence of medical and psychosocial comorbidities and the frequent use of multiple medications, rather than aging per se, are major reasons for this. A major concern, often underappreciated and underaddressed by clinicians, is the strong bidirectional relationship between sleep disorders and serious medical problems in older adults. Hypertension, depression, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are examples of diseases that are more likely to develop in individuals with sleep disorders. Conversely, individuals with any of these diseases are at a higher risk of developing sleep disorders. The goals of this article are to help guide clinicians in their general understanding of sleep problems in older persons, examine specific sleep disorders that occur in older persons, and suggest evidence- and expert-based recommendations for the assessment and treatment of sleep disorders in older persons. No such recommendations are available to help clinicians in their daily patient care practices. The four sections in the beginning of the article are titled, Background and Significance, General Review of Sleep, Recommendations Development, and General Approach to Detecting Sleep Disorders in an Ambulatory Setting. These are followed by overviews of specific sleep disorders: Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Restless Legs Syndrome, Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders, Parasomnias, Hypersomnias, and Sleep Disorders in Long-Term Care Settings. Evidence- and expert-based recommendations, developed by a group of sleep and clinical experts, are presented after each sleep disorder. Author Affiliation: From the (a)International Longevity Center-USA, New York, New York (b)Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Adult Development, Mount Sinai Medical School, New York, New York (c)Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (d)David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (e)Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Systems, Los Angeles, California (f)School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California (g)Neuroscience Clinical and Translational Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (h)Gaylord Sleep Center, Gaylord Hospital, Wallingford, Connecticut (i)Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut (j)National Sleep Foundation, Washington, District of Columbia (k)University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky (l)Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York (m)Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and (n)Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Article note: Address correspondence to Harrison G. Bloom, International Longevity Center-USA, 60 East 86th Street New York, NY 10028. E-mail: HarrisonB@ilcusa.org
- Published
- 2009
56. Clinical Interview Assessment of Financial Capacity in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
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Aged -- Diseases ,Universities and colleges ,Neurosciences ,Alzheimer's disease ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02202.x Keywords: financial capacity; competency; clinical assessment; mild cognitive impairment; Alzheimer's disease Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate financial capacity in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a clinician interview approach. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Tertiary care medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy older adults (n=75) and patients with amnestic MCI (n=58), mild AD (n=97), and moderate AD (n=31). MEASUREMENTS: The investigators and five study physicians developed a conceptually based, semistructured clinical interview for evaluating seven core financial domains and overall financial capacity (Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for Financial Capacity; SCIFC). For each participant, a physician made capacity judgments (capable, marginally capable, or incapable) for each financial domain and for overall capacity. RESULTS: Study physicians made more than 11,000 capacity judgments across the study sample (N=261). Very good interrater agreement was obtained for the SCIFC judgments. Increasing proportions of marginal and incapable judgment ratings were associated with increasing disease severity across the four study groups. For overall financial capacity, 95% of physician judgments for older controls were rated as capable, compared with 82% for patients with MCI, 26% for patients with mild AD, and 4% for patients with moderate AD. CONCLUSION: Physicians and other clinicians can reliably evaluate financial capacity in cognitively impaired older adults using a relatively brief, semistructured clinical interview. Patients with MCI have mild impairment in financial capacity, those with mild AD have emerging global impairment, and those with moderate AD have advanced global impairment. Patients with MCI and their families should proactively engage in financial and legal planning, given these patients' risk of developing AD and accelerated loss of financial abilities. Author Affiliation: (*)Department of Neurology ([dagger])Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center ([double dagger])Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine (s.)Department of Education (#)Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, and (s.s.)Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama ([parallel])Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama (**)Department of Psychology, Centre for Theoretical Neuroscience University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada ([dagger][dagger])Department of Neurology, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah; and ([double dagger][double dagger])Department of Family Medicine and Neuroscience, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California. Article note: Address correspondence to Daniel C. Marson, Department of Neurology, SC 650, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294. E-mail: dmarson@uab.edu
- Published
- 2009
57. Antioxidant nutrient intake and the long-term incidence of age-related cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study
- Author
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Tan, Ava Grace, Mitchell, Paul, Flood, Victoria M., Burlutsky, George, Rochtchina, Elena, Cumming, Robert G., and Wang, Jie Jin
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Antioxidants -- Physiological aspects ,Antioxidants -- Analysis ,Cataract -- Risk factors ,Cataract -- Physiological aspects ,Cataract -- Prevention ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Physiological aspects ,Cataract in old age -- Risk factors ,Cataract in old age -- Physiological aspects ,Cataract in old age -- Prevention ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in cataractogenesis. Long-term intake of antioxidants may offer protection against cataract. Objective: We investigated relations between antioxidant nutrient intakes measured at baseline and the 10-y incidence of age-related cataract. Design: During 1992-1994, 3654 persons aged [greater than or equal to] 49 y attended baseline examinations of the Blue Mountains Eye Study (82.4% response). Of these persons, 2464 (67.4%) participants were followed [greater than or equal to] 1 time after the baseline examinations (at either 5 or 10 y). At each examination, lens photography was performed and questionnaires were administered, including a 145-item semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Antioxidants, including [beta]-carotene, zinc, and vitamins A, C, and E, were assessed. Cataract was assessed at each examination from lens photographs with the use of the Wisconsin Cataract Grading System. Nuclear cataract was defined for opacity greater than standard 3. Cortical cataract was defined as cortical opacity [greater than or equal to] 5 % of the total lens area, and posterior sub-capsular (PSC) cataract was defined as the presence of any such opacity. Results: Participants with the highest quintile of total intake (diet + supplements) of vitamin C had a reduced risk of incident nuclear cataract [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.55; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.86]. An above-median intake of combined antioxidants (vitamins C and E, [beta]-carotene, and zinc) was associated with a reduced risk of incident nuclear cataract (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.76). Antioxidant intake was not associated with incident cortical or PSC cataract. Conclusion: Higher intakes of vitamin C or the combined intake of antioxidants had long-term protective associations against development of nuclear cataract in this older population.
- Published
- 2008
58. Does comorbid disease interact with cancer? An epidemiologic analysis of mortality in a cohort of elderly breast cancer patients
- Author
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Newschaffer, Craig J., Bush, Trudy L., Penberthy, Lynne E., Bellantoni, Michelle, Helzlsour, Kathy, and Diener-West, Marie
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Aged -- Diseases ,Breast cancer -- Research ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Background. Although widely believed that co-occurring chronic diseases in elderly persons do not act independently in causing death, there has been little empirical research assessing prognostic interrelationships between comorbidities. Methods. Nonconcurrent prospective follow-up of 3,549 Virginia-resident elderly women diagnosed with a first breast cancer and 2,114 elderly women with no breast cancer history admitted to Virginia hospitals with principal diagnoses of genital prolapse during 1986-1988 was conducted through linkage of cancer registry and Medicare administrative records. Aggregate comorbidity was measured from Medicare claims via the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Mortality rates and relative risks were estimated for the breast cancer and non-breast-cancer groups stratified by the presence and level of comorbidity. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate Rothman's synergy index (S) measure of additive interaction. Results. Over full follow-up, the excess mortality rate for women with breast cancer and other comorbidity was 17% greater than expected under the null hypothesis that risks were additive and independent (S = 1.17, p = .12). Stratified analyses revealed a pattern of S estimates across cancer stage subgroups that was biologically sensible, but this pattern was not supported by strong statistical evidence. Conclusions. This study provides the first empirical estimates of statistical interaction between breast cancer and other chronic comorbidity. S index values tended to be small, but these small effects would translate into substantial numbers of deaths attributable to interaction between cancer and comorbidity, Interactions between breast cancer and comorbid disease should be explored further in large studies that can estimate these effects with increased precision.
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- 1998
59. Helicobacter pylori serology in elderly people: a 21-year cohort comparison in 70-year-olds and a 20-year longitudinal population study in 70-90-year-olds
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Gnarpe, Hakan, Gnarpe, Judy, Lundborg, Per, and Steen, Bertil
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Aged -- Diseases ,Helicobacter pylori -- Development and progression ,Health ,Psychology and mental health ,Seniors ,Social sciences ,Diseases ,Development and progression - Abstract
Introduction Since the first successful culture of spiral bacteria from the human stomach in 1982 [1], Helicobacter pylori has been increasingly recognized to be one of the most common bacterial [...]
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- 1998
60. Coeliac disease in old age: 'a catch in the rye'
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Baumont, David M. and Mian, Masood S.
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Celiac disease -- Diagnosis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health ,Psychology and mental health ,Seniors ,Social sciences ,Diagnosis ,Diseases - Abstract
Keywords: coeliac disease, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, old age Introduction Coeliac disease has been viewed as a disease of children and young adults, presenting with weight loss, steatorrhoea, anaemia and evidence of [...]
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- 1998
61. Refusal to eat in the elderly
- Author
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Marcus, Ester-Lee and Berry, Elliot M.
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Malnutrition -- Prevention ,Aged -- Diseases ,Eating disorders -- Causes of ,Food/cooking/nutrition - Abstract
Physiologic changes linked to aging, dementia, depression as well as medical, social and environmental factors can be the cause of eating disorders and malnutrition in the elderly. Environmental, behavior or therapeutic changes may improve the well being of the patient and food intake may increase. Ethical and cultural issues should be considered when tube feeding is considered.
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- 1998
62. HIV in the elderly
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Zelenetz, Paul D. and Epstein, Marcia E.
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HIV infection -- Demographic aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health - Published
- 1998
63. Lumbar spinal stenosis in an elderly patient
- Author
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Clinchot, Daniel M., Kaplan, Paul E., and Lamb, James F.
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Spinal canal -- Stenosis ,Spinal diseases -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Background. The general population is aging, and lumbar stenosis is one of the more frequent conditions observed in an orthopedic or neurosurgical practice. Methods. This case presentation is of an 86-year-old male who developed lumbar spinal stenosis with a progressive neurologic deficit that caused severe leg pain, affected bladder function, and affected gait. Relevant medical literature is reviewed. Results, Bladder function and gait returned after spinal surgery, and this patient's pain was greatly reduced. A multidisciplinary team applied therapy after surgery. The medical literature does not concentrate solely upon patients older than 80, but a few are included in studies of younger patients. Conclusions. This case report illustrates that a patient over 80 can have a successful outcome with multidisciplinary medical coverage of medical, surgical, rehabilitative, social, and psychological areas. More studies need to be done of these patients.
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- 1998
64. Range and severity of symptoms over time among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure
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Walke, Lisa M., Byers, Amy L., Tinetti, Mary E., Dubin, Joel A., McCorkle, Ruth, and Fried, Terri R.
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Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Physiological aspects ,Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Care and treatment ,Congestive heart failure -- Physiological aspects ,Congestive heart failure -- Care and treatment ,Symptomatology -- Analysis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Physiological aspects ,Health - Published
- 2007
65. Zinc supplementation decreases incidence of infections in the elderly: effect of zinc on generation of cytokines and oxidative stress
- Author
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Prasad, Ananda S., Beck, Frances W.J., Bao, Bin, Fitzgerald, James T., Snell, Diane C., Steinberg, Joel D., and Cardozo, Lavoisier J.
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Cytokines -- Health aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Infection -- Observations ,Nutrition -- Research ,Oxidative stress -- Health aspects ,Zinc in the body -- Health aspects ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Background: Zinc deficiency, cell-mediated immune dysfunction, susceptibility to infections, and increased oxidative stress have been observed in elderly subjects (ie, those >55 y old). Zinc is an effective antiinflammatory and antioxidant agent. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the effect of zinc on the incidence of total infections in healthy elderly subjects. The secondary objective was to determine the effect of zinc on cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of zinc supplementation was conducted in elderly subjects. Fifty healthy subjects of both sexes aged 55-87 y and inclusive of all ethnic groups were recruited for this study from a senior center. The zinc-supplemented group received zinc gluconate (45 mg elemental Zn/d) orally for 12 mo. Incidence of infections during the supplementation period was documented. The generation of inflammatory cytokines, T helper 1 and T helper 2 cytokines, and oxidative stress markers and the plasma concentrations of zinc were measured at baseline and after supplementation. Results: Compared with a group of younger adults, at baseline the older subjects had significantly lower plasma zinc, higher ex vivo generation of inflammatory cytokines and intedeukin 10, and higher plasma oxidative stress markers and endothelial cell adhesion molecules. The incidence of infections and ex vivo generation of tumor necrosis factor a and plasma oxidative stress markers were significantly lower in the zinc-supplemented than in the placebo group. Plasma zinc and phytohemagglutin-induced interleukin 2 mRNA in isolated mononuclear cells were significantly higher in the zinc-supplemented than in the placebo group. Conclusions: After zinc supplementation, the incidence of infections was significantly lower, plasma zinc was significantly higher, and generation of tumor necrosis factor [alpha] and oxidative stress markers was significantly lower in the zinc-supplemented than in the placebo group. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:837-44. KEY WORDS Elderly subjects, infections, intedeukin 2 mRNA, zinc, oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 1 [Beta]
- Published
- 2007
66. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: a common condition in the elderly
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Middlemiss, Carol
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Gastroesophageal reflux -- Diagnosis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health - Published
- 1997
67. Failure to thrive in old age: follow-up on a workshop
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Verdery, Roy B.
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Failure to thrive -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Old age -- Physiological aspects ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Little has been added to what doctors know to prevent failure to thrive (FTT) syndrome since the National Institute on Aging and the Arizona Center on Aging conducted a workshop on the subject in Sept. 1993. The condition is associated with classical nutritional imbalances including marasmus and hypoalbuminemic, inflammation-associated malnutrition. It is also associated with immune activation, physiologic stress response, hormonal changes and chronic-acute phase response. It is not known if FTT is due to starvation, an undiagnosed disease that needs to be treated or factors related to aging.
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- 1997
68. Integration of aging and cancer research in geriatric medicine
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Yancik, Rosemary
- Subjects
United States. National Institute on Aging -- Research ,Cancer -- Research ,Oncology -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
The National Institute on Aging Geriatrics Program has started a new research program to investigate cancer in elderly persons. Specifically, the study will adopt previous knowledge and well-tested techniques to diagnose, treat or prevent the disease among the aged. Research on this subject becomes more pressing as more Americans reach the age of 65 at which they are most susceptible to the disease. Aging is cancer's greatest single risk factor and data from the National Cancer Institute show that cancer incidence and mortality rates increase as age progresses.
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- 1997
69. A study of aged population and associated health risks in rural India
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Yadava, K.N.S., Yadava, Surendar S., and Vajpeyi, Dhirendra K.
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India -- Demographic aspects ,Age factors in disease -- India ,Aging -- Social aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
This article examines the prevalence of age-related diseases in different socioeconomic and demographic groups. The study is based on a sample of 267 aged persons (> 60 years) collected through a survey entitled 'Aging and Health Conditions in Rural Area - A Sample Survey, 1990' conducted in the rural areas of the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, a northern province of India. Various socio-behavioral factors are found to play a significant role in determining the health conditions of aged people. Also, illiteracy and poverty are found to have their own impact on health during aging. It is also noted that due to adverse familial relationships, many stress-related disorders occur which may result in the poor health of the elderly. Demands for old age pensions were made by most of the elderly people in the sample.
- Published
- 1997
70. Identification of peripheral vascular disease in elderly subjects using optical spectroscopy
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McCully, Kevin K., Landsberg, Lisa, Suarez, Marian, Hofmann, Mary, and Posner, Joel D.
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Peripheral vascular diseases -- Diagnosis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Near infrared spectroscopy -- Usage ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements to identify peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Usefulness was determined by the frequency of a successful test, as well as comparison with standard clinical assessments. Study subjects (N = 117, mean age = 67.8 [+ or -] 8.1 yrs) responded to a free screening for PVD. NIRS was used to measure the relative [O.sub.2] saturation of hemoglobin in the soleus muscle. The time to 1/2 recovery of [O.sub.2] saturation ([O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2]) was measured after 1 minute of repeated plantar flexions using a Cybex Eagle seated calf machine. [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] was used as many subjects had recovery curves that did not have an exponential line shape. The test was done on both legs and the worst leg was used for analysis. For comparative purposes, a clinical history and physical examination were performed by a physician or nurse practitioner, which included questions on intermittent claudication, examination of peripheral pulses, and questions to identify cardiovascular risk factors. NIRS signals were obtained on 105 of 117 subjects (89% success rate). Subjects with body mass index (BMI) values above 32 appeared to have NIRS [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] values that were less reliable than subjects with BMI values [less than or equal to] 32 (77% success rate). The [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] was longer in subjects with claudication and reduced pulses than in subjects without these conditions. Sensitivity comparing [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] to claudication and reduced pulses varied from 51-76% and specificity from 65-80%, depending on the cutoff value for [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] that was used (normal value plus 1 or 2 SD). A longer [O.sub.2][T.sub.sub.1/2] was significantly associated with incidence of diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterol, and coronary bypass surgery. In summary, successful NIRS [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] measurements were made in 77% of the subjects, with failure primarily occurring in obese subjects. NIRS [O.sub.2][T.sub.1/2] measurements showed reasonable although not strong agreements with clinical assessments of PVD, and with some risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
- Published
- 1997
71. Aging and Alzheimer's disease: lessons from the Nun Study
- Author
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Snowdon, David A.
- Subjects
Alzheimer's disease -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Cognition in old age -- Research ,Health ,Seniors - Published
- 1997
72. Chronic disability trends in the elderly United States populations: 1982-1994
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Manton, Kenneth G., Corder, Larry, and Stallard, Eric
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Aged -- Diseases ,Chronic diseases -- Demographic aspects ,Science and technology - Published
- 1997
73. Is metabolic evidence for vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency more frequent in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease?
- Author
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Joosten, Etienne, Lesaffre, Emmanuel, Riezler, Reiner, Ghekiere, Veronique, Dereymaeker, Lutgart, Pelemans, Walter, and Dejaeger, Eddy
- Subjects
Alzheimer's disease -- Physiological aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Vitamin B12 metabolism -- Physiological aspects ,Folic acid deficiency -- Physiological aspects ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Background. It is still unclear whether there is an association between Alzheimer's disease and vitamin B-12 or folate deficiency. This study was designed to investigate whether patients with Alzheimer's disease are particularly prone to metabolically significant cobalamin or folate deficiency as compared to nondemented hospitalized controls and healthy elderly controls living at home. Methods. Evaluation for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, routine laboratory tests, serum folate and vitamin B-12, serum methylmalonic acid (MMA), total homocysteine (tHcy), and radiological tests was performed in 52 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 50 nondemented hospitalized controls, and 49 healthy elderly subjects living at home. Results. Serum vitamin B-12 and folate levels are comparable between patients with AD, hospitalized control patients, and subjects living at home. Patients with AD have the highest serum MMA and tHcy levels. The MMA levels of patients with AD and hospitalized controls are not different, but the mean tHcy level is significantly higher in patients with AD as compared to nondemented patients or subjects living at home. Conclusion. The interpretation of the vitamin B-12 and folate status in patients with AD depends largely on the methodology (i.e., serum vitamin vs metabolite levels) and the selection of the control group. Although patients with AD have the highest tHcy and MMA levels, metabolically significant vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency is also a substantial problem in nondemented elderly patients.
- Published
- 1997
74. Nutrition and senescence
- Author
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Rosenberg, Irwin H.
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Nutrition -- Research ,Aging -- Health aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Food/cooking/nutrition - Abstract
Nutrition can play a role in slowing the aging process and reducing the risk of certain age-related diseases. Loss of bone mineral or muscle mass, osteoporosis, vision impairments such as cataracts, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and changes in metabolism are all age-related problems that may be treatable through nutritional intervention. This type of research could prove particularly valuable in a country such as Mexico, in which life expectancy is increasing and the elderly segment of the population is expanding dramatically.
- Published
- 1997
75. Peripheral arterial disease in adults: management of cardiovascular disease risk factors
- Author
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Oka, Roberta K.
- Subjects
Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors ,Aged -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Care and treatment ,Peripheral vascular diseases -- Research ,Peripheral vascular diseases -- Causes of ,Peripheral vascular diseases -- Care and treatment ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2006
76. Analysis of measures of functional and cognitive ability for aging adults with cardiac and vascular disease
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Holm, Karyn and Foreman, Marquis
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Cardiac patients -- Research ,Cardiac patients -- Diseases ,Cardiac patients -- Psychological aspects ,Cardiac patients -- Care and treatment ,Aged -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Psychological aspects ,Aged -- Care and treatment ,Cognition in old age -- Research ,Cognition in old age -- Psychological aspects ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2006
77. Management of heart failure in older adults
- Author
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Grady, Kathleen L.
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Heart failure -- Care and treatment ,Heart failure -- Statistics ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2006
78. Cardiovascular disease risk reduction in older adults
- Author
-
Klieman, Linda, Hyde, Shauna, and Berra, Kathy
- Subjects
Aged -- Health aspects ,Aged -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Prevention ,Outcome and process assessment (Health Care) -- Analysis ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2006
79. New-onset bipolar disorder in late life: a case of mistaken identity
- Author
-
Arciniegas, David B.
- Subjects
Bipolar disorder -- Complications and side effects ,Bipolar disorder -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Research ,Health ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
A 60-year-old, right-handed, previously successful and psychiatrically healthy businessman was brought by his family to a university hospital neuropsychiatry service for consultation regarding behavioral and personality changes. When he was age 55 years, his customarily excellent financial and social judgment began to decline. Over the next 4 years, his attention to personal hygiene deteriorated, his business decisions became financially and ethically unsound, his range of social interests narrowed dramatically, and he developed in insatiable 'sweet tooth.' In the year preceding the consultation, his ability to maintain sleep diminished, he began spending money recklessly and impulsively and became unable to appreciate the feelings and concerns of others, and his speech and behavior took on a perseveratively quality. Concurrently, he developed unprovoked, brief, frequent, and excessively intense episodes of tearfulness and laughing. These episodes lasted minutes at most, after which he would return to his usual euthymic emotional state. One month before the neuropsychiatric consultation, he had received a diagnosis of late-onset bipolar disorder and had begun treatment with lithium carbonate. When his serum lithium level reached the therapeutic range, his cognitive, behavioral, and motor function declined precipitously, prompting the consultation for a second diagnostic opinion. Is this patient's presentation consistent with late-onset bipolar disorder? What assessment are needed to clarify his diagnosis?
- Published
- 2006
80. Social work, AIDS and the elderly: current knowledge and practice
- Author
-
Crisologo, SueAnne, Campbell, Mary H., and Forte, James A.
- Subjects
Social work with the aged -- Management ,AIDS (Disease) -- Demographic aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Seniors ,Sociology and social work - Abstract
Commonly held notions to the contrary, the elderly are increasingly vulnerable to HIV infection. This paper reviews the latest knowledge on the prevalence, the age-specific vulnerabilities, and the diagnostic complexities of geriatric AIDS. The limited information on psychological and social correlates of AIDS in the elderly is summarized. Practice recommendations tailored to the elderly and elaborating social work functions of education, screening and assessment, case management, counseling, interdisciplinary collaboration, caregiver support, advocacy, and knowledge building are offered. The spread of HIV to older persons is viewed as a challenge to social workers committed to perfecting the profession's biopsychosocial paradigm.
- Published
- 1996
81. Predicting delirium in elderly patients: development and validation of a risk-stratification model
- Author
-
O'Keeffe, S.T. and Lavan, J.N.
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Delirium -- Risk factors ,Health ,Psychology and mental health ,Seniors ,Social sciences ,Diseases ,Risk factors - Abstract
Introduction Delirium, or acute confusional state, is a common and serious complication of hospitalization in elderly patients. Studies using formal diagnostic criteria for delirium have shown that between 10 and [...]
- Published
- 1996
82. The hypertensive elder: a review for the primary care provider
- Author
-
Sadowski, Aleda V. and Redeker, Nancy S.
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health - Abstract
Elderly Americans are at a high risk for hypertension and early diagnosis and treatment is an important factor in health care management for the older population. Physiological changes, functional difficulties, and use of a wider range of prescription drugs are some contributing factors to hypertension in the elderly population. Health care providers should educate themselves about current diagnosis and treatment techniques for elderly patients.
- Published
- 1996
83. AIDS and aging
- Author
-
Nazon, Marie and Levine-Perkell, Joan
- Subjects
AIDS (Disease) -- Social aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Seniors ,Sociology and social work - Abstract
There is an increasing number of older Americans being infected with AIDS. However, society does not seem to recognize the presence of the disease among the elderly due to the apparent conservativeness of their sexual practices. The HIV/AIDS and Aging Task Force was instituted to address the different concerns of the older population regarding AIDS in relation to aging. The goal of the Task Force includes increasing the awareness of society that AIDS should also be acknowledged as an issue relevant to aging.
- Published
- 1996
84. Nontraumatic fracture risk with diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in older white and black adults: the health, aging, and body composition study
- Author
-
Strotmeyer, Elsa S., Cauley, Jane A., Schwartz, Ann V., Nevitt, Michael C., Resnick, Helaine E., Bauer, Douglas C., Tylavsky, Frances A., Rekeneire, Nathalie de, Harris, Tamara B., and Newman, Anne B.
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Injuries ,Dextrose -- Health aspects ,Glucose -- Health aspects ,Diabetes -- Health aspects ,Fractures -- Risk factors ,Diabetes in old age -- Diseases ,Diabetes in old age -- Injuries ,Health - Published
- 2005
85. Diagnosis and management of insomnia in older people
- Author
-
McCall, W. Vaughn
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Care and treatment ,Insomnia -- Diagnosis ,Insomnia -- Care and treatment ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Suggestions on identification and treatment of insomnia in elderly population are presented.
- Published
- 2005
86. Results of combined-modality therapy for limited-stage small cell lung carcinoma in the elderly
- Author
-
Schild, Steven E., Stella, Philip J., and Brooks, Burke J.
- Subjects
Radiotherapy -- Usage ,Radiotherapy -- Research ,Lung cancer -- Care and treatment ,Lung cancer -- Research ,Lung cancer -- Patient outcomes ,Aged -- Diseases ,Aged -- Research ,Chemotherapy -- Research ,Cancer -- Chemotherapy ,Cancer -- Research ,Health - Published
- 2005
87. Is it Alzheimer's disease or something else? 10 disorders that may feature impaired memory and cognition
- Author
-
Barrett, Anna M.
- Subjects
Aged -- Psychological aspects ,Aged -- Diseases ,Memory, Disorders of -- Diagnosis ,Health - Published
- 2005
88. Differential diagnosis of jaw pain in the elderly
- Author
-
Sandler, Noah A., Ziccardi, Vincent, and Ochs, Mark
- Subjects
Orofacial pain -- Diagnosis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Health - Abstract
Jaw pain in the elderly may have many causes. Dentists' diagnoses are complicated by patients' underlying medical conditions, age-associated physical changes, and the increased rate of some jaw diseases in the elderly. Facial pain may result from brain tumors that encroach on the neurologic structures or from a bone infection called osteomyelitis. Chest pain caused by insufficient blood flow to the heart radiates to the jaw in 9% to 18% of cases. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux may mimic chest pain and can affect the jaw. Diseases that involve the nerves and jaw fractures can cause facial pain. Cranial arteritis is an inflammation of the blood vessels in the head that may produce pain in the chewing muscles. Arthritis may develop in the temporomandibular joint, producing pain. Changes in dentition and oral habits developed to support ill-fitting dentures may produce jaw pain. Jaw pain may also be a physical manifestation of depression.
- Published
- 1995
89. Potential of cognitive plasticity as a diagnostic instrument: a cross-validation and extension
- Author
-
Baltes, Margret M., Kuhl, Klaus-Peter, Gutzmann, Hans, and Sowarka, Doris
- Subjects
Alzheimer's disease -- Diagnosis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Cognitive styles -- Research ,Psychology and mental health ,Seniors - Abstract
The potential of the testing-the-limits of cognitive reserve capacity method as a psychological diagnostic strategy for the early identification of Alzheimer's disease is evaluated. Findings showed that the method determined more variance in the mental health status of subjects. When the range of cognitive reserve capacity or plasticity is measured using cognitive training, early detection of Alzheimer's disease becomes possible.
- Published
- 1995
90. Vision in Alzheimer's disease
- Author
-
Cronin-Golomb, Alice
- Subjects
Alzheimer's disease -- Research ,Vision disorders -- Research ,Gerontology -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Cognition -- Analysis ,Aging -- Physiological aspects ,Cerebral cortex -- Physiological aspects ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Gerontologists can effectively assess vision in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other similar conditions by using tests that do not impose cognitive difficulties on patients. The use of these tests reveals a deficit pattern in color discrimination, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity and backward masking, which are not observed in healthy elders. Vision disorders are expected to result in the poor performance of AD patients in cognition tests. This emphasizes the importance of understanding visual changes in elderly AD patients.
- Published
- 1995
91. Falling cholecystectomy thresholds since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy
- Author
-
Escarce, Jose J., Chen, Wei, and Schwartz, J. Stanford
- Subjects
Cholecystectomy -- Usage ,Laparoscopy -- Usage ,Aged -- Diseases ,Gallstones - Abstract
Doctors appear to be performing gallbladder surgery on patients with less severe gallstone disease since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a less invasive method of removing gallstones than traditional open surgery. Researchers tracked the rate of gallstone surgery in Medicare patients between 1986 and 1993 in Pennsylvania hospitals. After laparoscopic surgery was introduced in 1989, the rate of gallstone surgery increased 22%. Patients who had laparoscopic surgery were younger and had less severe gallstone disease. They were more likely to be scheduled for elective surgery and had lower 30-day mortality rates. The higher costs associated with a higher rate of gallstone surgery may be offset by the fact that patients who have laparoscopic surgery can be discharged quickly and return to work sooner than patients who have open surgery., Objectives.--To determine whether cholecystectomy rates among the elderly increased following the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1989, and to assess whether changes in rates were accompanied by lower clinical thresholds for performing cholecystectomy. Design.--Time-series quasi-experimental design based on quarterly observations from 1986 to 1993. Data were obtained from Medicare hospital discharge files for Pennsylvania. Patients.--Medicare patients aged 65 years or older who resided in Pennsylvania, did not have end-stage renal disease, and underwent cholecystectomy in Pennsylvania from 1986 to 1993. Main Outcome Measures.--Cholecystectomy rates per 1000 elderly Medicare beneficiaries, stage of gallstone disease (uncomplicated vs complicated) at cholecystectomy, type of admission (elective vs urgent/emergent), patient age and comorbidities, and 30-day postoperative mortality. Results.--Cholecystectomy rates increased 22% from 1989 to 1993. The proportions of cholecystectomy patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease and with elective admissions declined from 1986 to 1989 but then increased rapidly after laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced. In contrast, the age distribution and comorbidities of cholecystectomy patients did not change during the study period. Postoperative mortality rates were stable from 1986 to 1989 but decreased thereafter. Conclusions.--Growth in cholecystectomy rates following the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was accompanied by evidence of lower clinical thresholds for performing surgery. The normative, or prescriptive, implications of lower cholecystectomy thresholds require further analyses that consider lower direct medical costs and indirect costs and reduced postoperative morbidity after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (JAMA. 1995; 273:1581-1585)
- Published
- 1995
92. Chronic disease epidemiology among elderly black Americans
- Author
-
Ruiz, Dorothy Smith
- Subjects
African Americans -- Health aspects ,Health risk assessment -- Analysis ,Aged -- Diseases ,Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies - Abstract
The epidemiologic risk factors in elderly African-American population for major chronic diseases are higher than the elderly white population. African-American elderly women are 1.5 to 2.5 times more susceptible to chronic illnesses than white women. Moreover, the African-American elderly population is growing at a faster rate than elderly white population. Diseases like cancer, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes, that are responsible for causing the maximum number of deaths, are analyzed.
- Published
- 1995
93. Social support, marital status and living arrangement correlates of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the elderly
- Author
-
Gliksman, M.D., Lazarus, R., Wilson, A., and Leeder, S.R.
- Subjects
Social networks -- Health aspects ,Heart diseases -- Risk factors ,Aged -- Diseases ,Marital status -- Health aspects ,Health ,Social sciences - Abstract
Marital status and indices of social support are associated with mortality due to coronary heart disease and stroke. This association seems not entirely due to differences in recognised cardiovascular disease risk factors. The Western Sydney Stroke Risk in the Elderly Study examined the relationship between marital status, living arrangements, widowhood and extent of social support, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in men and women aged over 65 years. Unmarried men had the lowest mean HDL-C levels. Men living alone had the highest mean systolic blood pressures. The lower mean HDL-C levels and higher DBP levels seen among widows were not statistically significant after adjustment for differences in past medical history and education levels. The extent of social support was not associated with any significant differences in cardiovascular risk factor levels among men or women. We conclude that some of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with socio-demographic factors among men in this age-group may be due to differences in primary cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, some of the mechanisms underlying risk of cardiovascular disease in this age-group remains obscure. Key words - social support, heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular risk, elderly
- Published
- 1995
94. Optic nerve decompression surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is not effective and may be harmful
- Subjects
Optic nerve ,Eye diseases ,Aged -- Diseases - Abstract
Optic nerve decompression surgery (ONDS) for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) does not appear to improve vision and may harm patients. NAION is a common eye disease in the elderly characterized by sudden vision loss in one eye and swelling of the optic disc. ONDS is a procedure to reduce pressure around the optic nerve. Researchers examined and tested the vision of 237 NAION patients aged 50 and older before and after treatment. Of these, 115 underwent ONDS while the other 122 received standard non-surgical observation. At the six-month follow-up, 32.6% of ONDS-treated patients and 42.7% of the other patients were able to read at least three more lines on the vision chart. The risk of visual deterioration was greater in ONDS-treated patients than in the other patients at the three, six, and 12 month follow-ups. ONDS-treated patients experienced more adverse effects during and after surgery than the other patients., Objective.--To assess the safety and efficacy of optic nerve decompression surgery compared with careful follow-up alone in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Design.--The Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial (IONDT) is a randomized, single-masked, multicenter trial. Setting.--Twenty-five US clinical centers. Participants.--The IONDT ceased recruitment on October 20, 1994, on the recommendation of its Data and Safety Monitoring Committee. The preliminary results presented herein are based on data as of September 8, 1994, from 244 patients with NAION and visual acuity of 20/64 or worse. One hundred twenty-five patients had been randomized to careful follow-up, and 119 had been randomized to surgery, with 91 and 95, respectively, having completed 6 months of follow-up. Intervention.--Patients in the surgery group received optic nerve decompression surgery and follow-up ophthalmologic examinations; those in the careful follow-up group received ophthalmologic examinations at the same times as the surgery group. Main Outcome Measures.--Gain or loss of three or more lines of visual acuity on the New York Lighthouse chart at 6 months after randomization, as measured by a technician masked to treatment assignment. Results.--Patients assigned to surgery did no better when compared with patients assigned to careful follow-up regarding improved visual acuity of three or more lines at 6 months: 32.6% of the surgery group improved compared with 42.7% of the careful follow-up group. The. odds ratio (OR) for three or more lines better, adjusted for baseline visual acuity and diabetes, was 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 1.38). Patients receiving surgery had a significantly greater risk of losing three or more lines of vision at 6 months: 23.9% in the surgery group worsened compared with 12.4% in the careful follow-up group. The 6-month adjusted OR for three or more lines worse was 1.96 (95% Cl, 0.87 to 4.41). No difference in treatment effect was observed between patients with progressive NAION and all others. Conclusion.--Results from the IONDT indicate that optic nerve decompression surgery for NAION is not effective, may be harmful, and should be abandoned. The spontaneous improvement rate is better than previously reported.
- Published
- 1995
95. Role of curative resection in octogenarians with malignancy
- Author
-
Gupta, Rajesh, Kawashima, Taichi, and Ryu, Munemasa
- Subjects
Surgery -- Research ,Aged -- Diseases ,Old age -- Research ,Cancer -- Care and treatment ,Cancer -- Research ,Health - Published
- 2004
96. The benefit of induction chemotherapy in patients age 75 and over
- Author
-
Vey, Norbert, Coso, Diane, and Bardou, Valerie-Jeanne
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Old age -- Research ,Cancer patients -- Patient outcomes ,Cancer patients -- Research ,Cancer patients -- Drug therapy ,Chemotherapy -- Research ,Health - Published
- 2004
97. Of worms and women: sarcopenia and its role in disability and mortality
- Author
-
Fisher, Alfred L.
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Muscles -- Diseases ,Caenorhabditis elegans -- Research ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Sarcopenia results in a decrease in physical strength during aging that results in important consequences for more severely affected individuals in terms of function and as a marker for disability and increased mortality. A study suggest that C. elegant would develop into an important model system in which to study the biochemical and genetics events responsible for sarcopenia and to test therapeutics designed to prevent or reverse sarcopenia.
- Published
- 2004
98. Cognitive deficits and the course of major depression in a cohort of middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults
- Author
-
Mojtabai, Ramin and Olfson, Mark
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Major depressive disorder -- Care and treatment ,Major depressive disorder -- Research ,Cognition disorders -- Care and treatment ,Cognition disorders -- Research ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
A study is conducted to investigate associations between cognitive deficits and persistent significant depressive symptoms at baseline and 2 and 4-year follow-ups in a sample of 661 community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Trait-like cognitive deficits commonly complicate the course of MD (major depression) in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.
- Published
- 2004
99. Physician recognition of cognitive impairment: evaluating the need for improvement
- Author
-
Chodosh, Joshua, Petitti, Diana B., Elliott, Marc, Hays, Ron D., Crooks, Valerie C., Reuben, David B., Buckwater, Galen J., and Wenger, Neil
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Cognition disorders -- Research ,Cognition disorders -- Statistics ,Dementia -- Care and treatment ,Dementia -- Research ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
A study is conducted to assess physician recognition of dementia and cognitive impairment, compare recognition with documentation and to identify physician and patient factors associated with recognition. The findings indicate that additional geriatrics training may promote recognition, but systems solution are needed to improve recognition critical to provision of emerging therapies for early dementia.
- Published
- 2004
100. Phase II of temozolomide without radiotherapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme in an elderly population
- Author
-
Chinot, Olivier-L., Barrie, Maryline, Frauger, Elisabeth, Dufour, Henry, Palmary, Jacky, Moktari, Karima, and Grisoli, Francois
- Subjects
Aged -- Diseases ,Chemotherapy -- Evaluation ,Glioblastoma multiforme -- Drug therapy ,Temozolomide -- Health aspects ,Temozolomide -- Evaluation ,Temozolomide -- Dosage and administration ,Medical research ,Medicine, Experimental ,Health - Published
- 2004
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