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The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to reveal the JiRQA learning supports on biology students' achievement in the multi-ethnical classroom in higher education. The research sample was included 125 students consisting of the ethnics of Dayak, Javanese, and Malay. The achievement data were obtained from the pretest and posttest using an essay test and analyzed by using ANCOVA at the level of significance 5%, followed by LSD test. The analysis results show that the achievement in JiRQA learning is 30.91% higher and significantly different from that of conventional learning. The achievement of Dayak ethnic students is 20.30% higher from the Javanese ethnic and 19.53% from Malay ethnic. The achievement among ethnics in JiRQA learning was not significantly different, but significantly different in conventional learning. Therefore, JiRQA learning has the accommodate biology students' achievement in the multi-ethnical classroom.

BackgroundWith recent improvements in survival of cancer patients and common use of high-value care at end of life, the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer is increasingly important. To our knowledge, there are no current U.S. data examining how the presence and extent of cancer influence cardiologists' decision making for common cardiovascular conditions.MethodsAn anonymous online vignette-based survey of cardiologists was conducted at five U.S. institutions investigating how the extent of gastrointestinal and thoracic malignancies (prior/localized, metastatic) would influence treatment recommendations for atrial fibrillation (AF), aortic stenosis, unstable angina (UA), and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).ResultsThirty-three percent (86/259) of cardiologists completed the survey between September and November 2019. Participants were 67% male, 51% below age 40, and 58% had five or more years of clinical experience. Majority of cardiologists practiced at teaching hospitals (72%) and were noninterventional (63%). Cardiologists were more likely to recommend procedural interventions for patients with localized cancer than for those with metastatic disease: AF (left atrial appendage occlusion: 20% vs. 8%), atrial stenosis (aortic valve repair: 83% vs. 11%), UA (left heart catheter: 70% vs. 27%), and obstructive CAD (percutaneous coronary intervention: 81% vs. 38%). In patients with metastatic cancer, most cardiologists sought an oncology (82%) or a palliative care (69%) consultation. However, a persistent trend of undertreatment in patients with localized cancers and overtreatment in patients with end-of-life disease was apparent.ConclusionsCardiologists were less likely to recommend invasive cardiovascular therapies to patients with metastatic cancer. This preference pattern likely reflects the influence of comorbidities and quality of life expectation on cardiologists' treatment recommendations but may also be related to the stigma of advanced cancer. Better communication between cardiologists and oncologists is necessary to provide a personalized care of patients with cancer and CVD that would maximize treatment benefit with least morbidity.

Microparticulated whey protein can be used as a fat substitute in foods to enhance their nutritional value and improve their sensory and rheological characteristics. Microparticulation denatures whey proteins through heat treatment, followed by shear rate control to determine the aggregate sizes formed. The processing method used during microparticulation can modify the protein denaturation rate, which may enable the application of new proteins. This study sought to develop a methodology for quantifying whey protein fractions in commercial samples before and after microparticulation at different concentrations and physical states. The developed methodology proved to be applicable because of its selectivity, quantification, detection limits, and precision. The analyzed samples exhibited a higher denaturation rate for β-lactoglobulin than α-lactoalbumin; the denaturation rate varied among samples due to differences in the microparticulation process.

Inclusion Body Myopathy, Paget's Disease of Bone, with Frontotemporal Dementia is a progressive autosomal dominant disease that affects the ubiquitin-proteasome complex, that is caused by variants in the Valosin Containing Protein (VCP) gene. We report the first case of concurrent pathogenic variants in both MYBPC3 and VCP that led to earlier onset of congestive heart failure with features of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy has previously been associated with VCP inclusion body myopathy mostly at an advanced stage of the disease. Due to acute onset of cardiomyopathy in a previous asymptomatic individual, a cardiomyopathy gene panel was obtained which revealed an additional c.177_187del variant of the MYBPC3 gene. We report a first case of concurrent pathogenic variants in both c.177_187del gene of MYBPC3 and p.R155C VCP that led to earlier onset and a more severe form of the cardiomyopathy.

In recent years, many educational institutions have begun to offer online learning programs, and online learning is in great demand by students. However, evaluations of online learning programs have shown a lack of quality communication between instructors and students, as well as time management constraints that lead to high student dropout rates. These conditions form the basis of the question underlying this research: What motivates students to choose online learning programs? This research aims to identify and provide an in-depth description of motivation in regard to students' learning needs. The research used a qualitative approach and post-positivistic paradigm to explore students' motivations and compare current findings with the motivations identified in the uses and gratifications framework. Thirty-two students from different backgrounds in online learning programs were involved as focus group discussion participants. As a result, this study identified four motivational categories that encourage students to choose online learning programs, namely flexibility, learning, interaction, and expression. Each category of motivation is discussed through several themes including cost-of-living efficiency, easy access to technology and materials, making friends and networking, and freedom of opinion.

Online peer support programs could address mental wellbeing concerns reported by Black students. The current evaluation explored Black university students' motivations, experiences, and perceived impacts of an online mental wellbeing peer support group (Black Students Talk [BST]) in England and Wales. We conducted two focus groups with Black Students Talk attendees and one with facilitators. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Three main themes and eight sub-themes where identified related to (i) Motivation: Impact of racism on mental wellbeing; (ii) Experience: The Black Students Talk experience; and (iii) Impact: Mental wellbeing outcomes. Benefits of Black Students Talk for Black students included advice, rest, validation, and support in the context of their race and experiences of racism. Facilitators had a unique sub-theme concerning their training and support. While racism exists at universities, online peer support can offer valuable benefits for Black students' mental wellbeing, social connectedness, and Black-only networks. Programs need to be co-created and delivered by trained Black students who receive reflective practice with a Black practitioner. Further independent evaluations using insights from survey and interview data are needed.

Abstract Self-testing is an effective tool to bridge the testing gap for several infectious diseases; however, its performance in detecting SARS-CoV-2 using antigen-detection rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) has not been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to inform WHO guidelines by evaluating the accuracy of COVID-19 self-testing and self-sampling coupled with professional Ag-RDT conduct and interpretation. Articles on this topic were searched until November 7th, 2022. Concordance between self-testing/self-sampling and fully professional-use Ag-RDTs was assessed using Cohen’s kappa. Bivariate meta-analysis yielded pooled performance estimates. Quality and certainty of evidence were evaluated using QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools. Among 43 studies included, twelve reported on self-testing, and 31 assessed self-sampling only. Around 49.6% showed low risk of bias. Overall concordance with professional-use Ag-RDTs was high (kappa 0.91 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–0.94]). Comparing self-testing/self-sampling to molecular testing, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 70.5% (95% CI 64.3–76.0) and 99.4% (95% CI 99.1–99.6), respectively. Higher sensitivity (i.e., 93.6% [95% CI 90.4–96.8] for Ct

Introdução: o treinamento de resistência conduz à hipertrofia muscular por meio de maior síntese proteica induzida por sobrecargas progressivas nas fibras musculares. Entretanto, esse treinamento só apresentará resultados se estiver em conformidade com hábitos alimentares favoráveis à essa mudança. Objetivo: analisar a influência do acompanhamento nutricional sobre a composição corporal de indivíduos praticantes de treinamento de resistência. Materiais e métodos: estudo transversal analítico realizado em uma academia na cidade de Brazlândia, no Distrito Federal, entre os meses de outubro e novembro de 2019, em amostra composta por 10 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 20 e 42 anos, praticantes de treinamento de resistência há, no mínimo, um ano. Para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizado formulário próprio para dados antropométricos, recordatório 24 horas e questionário objetivo. Resultados: participantes com acompanhamento nutricional apresentaram menores percentuais de gordura corporal e maiores percentuais de massa magra em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: em termos de prevalência, indivíduos acompanhados por profissional nutricionista apresentaram menores percentuais de gordura corporal e maiores percentuais de massa magra, além de apresentarem uma maior circunferência muscular do braço em relação aos indivíduos que não realizam acompanhamento dietético, o que demonstra que o acompanhamento nutricional influencia positivamente sobre a composição corporal de indivíduos praticantes de treinamento de resistência.

Among the parasitic and infectious diseases affecting cats, those caused by vector-borne pathogens deserve attention due to their ability to cause nonspecific clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities. We studied the presence of Cytauxzoon spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Mycoplasma spp. in blood samples from 135 cats referred to the veterinary teaching hospital of the Federal University of Goiás in midwestern Brazil. We also investigated co-infections with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) as well as the correlation between Mycoplasma spp. infection and cat variables, including age, sex, breed, and complete blood count abnormalities. Upon PCR testing, 20.7% (28/135) of samples were positive for Mycoplasma spp., 1.5% (2/135) for Cytauxzoon spp., and none for Ehrlichia spp. Co-infections with Mycoplasma spp. and Cytauxzoon spp. were detected in the two cats with the latter infection. Mycoplasma spp. infection was statistically associated with the simultaneous presence of thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis. This study confirms a high frequence of Mycoplasma spp. infection, with both M. haemofelis and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ circulating in this cat population. The clinical significance of Mycoplasma spp. infection in cats should be further explored and this infection should eventually be included in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis in otherwise apparently healthy cats.

Introduction Indonesia is the country with the highest smoking rate in Southeast Asia and the third-highest globally. Smoking has become one of Indonesia’s biggest addiction problems. The goal of this research is to develop smoking behavior intervention based on an implicit approach. Methods This article contains a two-step study that was part of a comprehensive study on smoking behavior in Indonesia. The first study, applying measurement of Stroop task to 117 male-university-students to examine attention bias among smokers. In the second study, the research aims to develop an intervention by investigating the effects of the experimental retraining by manipulating the automatic-avoidance-action tendencies using an approach-avoidance task (AAT) on 40 male university student smokers that proved to have an attentional bias in the first study. Results The first study results revealed that smoking behavior was associated with attention bias shows a significant difference between smokers and nonsmoker participants in reaction time to smoking-related stimuli (F (3,85)=20.665, p value stimuli 0.000 Conclusions This pilot research becomes initial step examine attentional bias that strengthen smoking addiction and the first attempt to develop smoking cessation interventions in Indonesia using an implicit cognition approach.

This study investigated the synergistic effects of three protein concentrates from legumes (pea, lentil, and lima bean) as emulsifiers and stabilizers of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions using a simplex-centroid mixture design. The aim was to check whether proteins combined in different proportions have better emulsifying properties than isolated proteins. During this study, each protein concentrate was characterized by different evaluated parameters: emulsifying activity, emulsion stability, accelerated stability test, thermal coagulation time, stability to coalescence, and others. After statistical analysis mixture optimization, it was found that the best formulation for stabilizing O/W emulsion under the tested conditions (2% total protein; 3% sunflower oil) was the protein blend containing 21.21% pea, 32.78% lentil, and 46.01% fava bean. This blend exhibited better emulsification properties compared to the individual proteins.

Chronic pain has become a global health problem contributing to years lived with disability and reduced quality of life. Advances in the clinical management of chronic pain have been limited due to incomplete understanding of the multiple risk factors and molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of chronic pain. The Acute to Chronic Pain Signatures (A2CPS) Program aims to characterize the predictive nature of biomarkers (brain imaging, high-throughput molecular screening techniques, or "omics," quantitative sensory testing, patient-reported outcome assessments and functional assessments) to identify individuals who will develop chronic pain following surgical intervention. The A2CPS is a multisite observational study investigating biomarkers and collective biosignatures (a combination of several individual biomarkers) that predict susceptibility or resilience to the development of chronic pain following knee arthroplasty and thoracic surgery. This manuscript provides an overview of data collection methods and procedures designed to standardize data collection across multiple clinical sites and institutions. Pain-related biomarkers are evaluated before surgery and up to 3 months after surgery for use as predictors of patient reported outcomes 6 months after surgery. The dataset from this prospective observational study will be available for researchers internal and external to the A2CPS Consortium to advance understanding of the transition from acute to chronic postsurgical pain.

ObjectiveTo characterize the prevalence of brain ischemia and cerebral small vessel disease in a cohort of patients with Fabry disease (FD) seen at an academic medical center.BackgroundFD is an inherited X-linked lysosomal storage disorder with central nervous system involvement. Limited data are available in the literature on the cerebrovascular neuroimaging findings in FD, and the reported prevalence of stroke symptoms and cerebral small vessel disease has varied widely.Design/methodsBrain MRI was performed in 21 patients with FD followed at University of California Irvine Medical Center. Stroke symptoms were assessed and quantification of cerebral microvascular disease was performed using small vessel disease (SVD) score. Lacunes and deep white matter hyperintensities were scored on a four-point scale of 0 (absent) and 1-3 to account for increasing severity; microbleeds were scored 0 (absent) or 1 (present). The total SVD score is the sum of the three components and ranges from 0 to 7.ResultsNearly 43% (9/21) of our FD cohort (aged 32-81 years, mean = 50) had a SVD score of one or higher, all of whom were aged 50 or more years. The most common MRI-defined SVD was white matter hyperintensities (9/9, 100%), followed by microbleeds (6/9, 66%), and lacunes (3/9, 33%). The three patients with previous strokes had some of the highest SVD scores reported in the cohort (scores 3-5).ConclusionsIn this cohort, the prevalence of SVD (43%) was three times higher than prevalence of stroke symptoms. SVD score was highest in the those who had experienced a stroke. These findings emphasize the importance of routine MRI screening of patients with FD in order to identify and treat high risk patients.

Abstract Background Patients with an intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) often present clinically with severe paresis of the limb and trunk muscles while facial muscles appear less affected. To investigate whether the facial nerves are partially spared from this condition, we performed both peripheral and cranial nerve conduction studies in critically ill patients. Methods In patients requiring prolonged ICU therapy, the motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities of the peroneal, ulnar and facial nerves and the muscle action potentials of the associated muscles, as well as the orbicularis oculi reflexes were assessed shortly after admission, and on ICU days 7 and 14. Results Eighteen patients were included in the final data analysis (average age 54.2 ± 16.8 years, 8 females). The amplitudes of the peroneal nerve compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were reduced in all patients at ICU days 7 and 14 (F(1.39; 23.63) = 13.85; p

This study was carried out as a preliminary mapping of Maillard reaction (MR) compounds in doce de leite (DL), as possible indicators for the intermediate stage and chemical pathways in industrial processing. For that, the objective of the manuscript was to developed and validated an analytical method to simultaneously analyze four furfural compounds in DL: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2-furaldehyde (F), 2-furyl-methyl ketone (FMC) and 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (MF) by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode-array detector (HPLC-PDA). The method fulfilled the acceptance criteria: selectivity, linearity (0.16-5 μg mL-1 for HMF, and 0.06-2 μg mL-1 for F, FMC and MF, R2 > 0.9974), precision (CV = 1.33 to 2.12% for HMF; 1.57 to 4.34% for F; 0.84 to 1.40% for FMC and 1.40 to 4.18% for MF), accuracy (94.40 to 102.25% for HMF; 92.91 to 108.15% for F; 90.13 to 108.48% for FMC and 93.31 to 107.70% for MF), limit of detection of 0.041 μg mL-1 for HMF; 0.030 μg mL-1 for F; 0.042 μg mL-1 for FMC and MF, and limit of quantification of 0.125 μg mL-1 for HMF and F, 0.066 μg mL-1 for FMC and 0.1280 μg mL-1 for MF. Thus, it was concluded that an analytical method was developed and validated for quantifying HMF, F, FMC and MF in DL.

Introduction Indonesia is the country with the highest smoking rate in Southeast Asia and the third-highest globally. Smoking has become one of Indonesia’s biggest addiction problems. The goal of this research is to develop smoking behavior intervention based on an implicit approach. Methods This article contains a two-step study that was part of a comprehensive study on smoking behavior in Indonesia. The first study, applying measurement of Stroop task to 117 male-university-students to examine attention bias among smokers. In the second study, the research aims to develop an intervention by investigating the effects of the experimental retraining by manipulating the automatic-avoidance-action tendencies using an approach-avoidance task (AAT) on 40 male university student smokers that proved to have an attentional bias in the first study. Results The first study results revealed that smoking behavior was associated with attention bias shows a significant difference between smokers and nonsmoker participants in reaction time to smoking-related stimuli (F (3,85)=20.665, p value stimuli 0.000