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Objetivo: Comparar o estado nutricional de pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo II pré e pós-intervenção de educação em saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, de intervenção e não-controlado do tipo antes e depois. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário que abordava aspectos sociodemográficos (idade, gênero, situação conjugal e cor da pele), e econômicos (renda familiar e escolaridade), para avaliação antropométrica utilizou-se a bioimpedância, onde foram coletadas as seguintes informações: peso, IMC, gordura corporal, massa muscular, gordura visceral, taxa metabólica basal e idade corporal. Foi realizada ainda a avaliação da glicemia capilar. A implementação da proposta educativa se efetivou em seis encontros, distribuídos ao longo de dois meses. As intervenções foram divididas por áreas de atuação, sendo realizadas intervenções com enfermeiro, biomédico, médico, farmacêutico, educador físico e nutricionista. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 25 pessoas de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 62,3 anos. Após as intervenções de educação em saúde, foi possível observar reduções significativas no IMC (p=0,006), na Gordura Visceral (p=0,000), Taxa Metabólica Basal (p=0,010) e Circunferência Abdominal (p=0,003). Conclusão: Conclui-se que o estudo apontou que o estado nutricional de pessoas com DM tipo II é melhorado após as intervenções de educação em saúde, e que houve uma redução substancial no IMC, gordura visceral, taxa metabólica basal e circunferência abdominal do pré para a pós as ações.

Review of the book Escravos and the world of communication: orality, reading and writing in the 19th century (2016) by Marialva Barbosa, the work discusses the ways of communication of slaves (sic) during centenary slavery through an analysis based on the perception of spacetime of orality, reading, writing and print. Outlining such territories, it is not a matter of providing material proof of the ability of the enslaved to read and write, but of reconstituting the process of Brazilian enslavement by placing in the center of analysis the communicational processes engendered by these subjects compulsorily subtracted from their original territory.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a progressive degenerative disease of weight-bearing joints, is the second leading cause of disability in the world. Despite all the advances and research over the last years, none of the proposed strategies has been effective in generating functional and long-lasting tissue. Due to the high prevalence of OA and the urgent need for an effective and successful treatment, interest in natural products as anti-inflammatory agents, such as propolis and its components, has emerged. In this work, we estimate the biomedical potential of Portuguese propolis, evaluating the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of single hydroalcoholic extracts prepared with propolis from Gerês sampled over a five-year period (2011–2015) (G.EE70 and G.EE35). The in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of mixtures of the same samples (mG.EE70 and mG.EE35) was evaluated for the first time too. DPPH• radical scavenging and superoxide anion scavenging assays showed the strong antioxidant potential of both hydroalcoholic extracts, either prepared from single propolis samples or from the mixtures of the same samples. Results also revealed an anti-inflammatory effect of mG.EE35, both in vitro by inhibiting BSA denaturation and in vivo in the OA-induced model by improving mechanical hyperalgesia as well as the gait pattern parameters. Results further support the use of propolis blends as a better and more efficient approach to take full advantage of the bioactive potential of propolis.

Cervical cancer is the second type of cancer that most affects women, considered a serious public health problem, however it can be detected and treated early through the Pap smear. This research aimed to analyze the knowledge, attitude and practices of biomedicine students on the Pap smear. A cross-sectional study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP), applied with 108 students, was carried out at a Higher Education Institution in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The data were collected through the months of February and March of 2018 with the application of a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was descriptive in terms of absolute and relative frequencies. Knowledge 72 (66.6%) and attitude 76 (70.3%) presented adequate levels regarding the examination. As for the practice, the percentage of suitability was of 37 academics (34.2%) relatively not adequate. It was concluded that the students had adequate knowledge and attitude, but an inadequate practice, and the Papanicolaou test is required for the early screening and prevention of cervical cancer.

Umbilical cables accessories of subsea oil and gas production systems are exposed to very high mechanical stresses, abrasive wear, and continuous electrolyte action in submerged condition. Epoxy-based composite coatings with ceramic loading have been studied for providing protection to the accessories. By adding micro-Al2O3 particles to the polymeric matrix, the corrosion and wear properties are expected to be improved without a significant impact on the cost as compared with unmodified epoxy coating. In order to evaluate the tribological properties, adhesion and micro-scale abrasive tests have been performed on epoxy before and after loading of 26 vol.% micro Al2O3 particles. The results showed that wear resistance and adhesion to the substrate of ceramic-loaded epoxy increased by 30% and 50%, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests were also performed and higher resistances of epoxy with ceramic loading were confirmed, which indicate a more efficient barrier against electrolyte permeation. In addition, coatings with thicknesses of 120 μm, 240 μm, and 360 μm were evaluated and the results showed that the resistances of both coatings increased with the increase in the thickness. Thus, the loading of micro Al2O3 particles into epoxy resin matrix increased its adhesion, wear, and corrosion resistances without significant impact on the cost, which renders the use of this coating in umbilical accessories feasible. Keywords: Coatings, Epoxy resin, Ceramic loading, Adhesion, Wear, Corrosion

O tema deste artigo se fundamenta em dois eixos principais: o primeiro procura analisar, do ponto de vista da Sociologia do Trabalho, como o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra (MST) e o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto (MTST) têm atuado na incorporação de grupos precarizados de trabalhadores rurais e urbanos em suas fileiras de atuação social e política. O segundo procura analisar como os “setores de formação” dos dois movimentos atuam nessa dinâmica de absorção de trabalhadores e na consequente formação política desses mesmos trabalhadores, que irão compor as fileiras dos dois movimentos sociais de forma orgânica, como militantes. Por fim, será feita uma comparação entre as dinâmicas dos dois movimentos, a fim de melhor compreender o caminho percorrido por trabalhadores precarizados, que se tornam atores políticos no interior dos dois maiores movimentos sociais do país. Considera-se importante resgatar trabalhos de pesquisa realizados sobre a formação política em movimentos sociais, mas dando ênfase ao protagonismo político de setores de trabalhadores precarizados nesses dois movimentos.

Infilled frames are usually modelled in the context of global building analysis using simplified procedures without considering the aspects resulting from the interaction between the panel and the frame. Other aspects, such as adequate design of the floor beams and the beam-columns’ joints, and control of potential sliding shear failure of the columns, that significantly affect the structural response, are also typically not accounted for. In the present work it is intended to look over the literature to evaluate the state of the art regarding the lessons learn from recent earthquakes, the evolution of the structural codes considering the infill masonry panels, and how this influences the evolution of the numerical models and the experimental works to overcome the existent gaps.

The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects is an important form of transmissibility. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the performance of a disinfection chamber designed for instantaneous dispersion of the biocidal agent solution, in order to characterize a new device that can be used to protect individuals by reducing the transmissibility of the disease through contaminated surfaces. We proposed the necessary adjustments in the configuration to improve the dispersion on surfaces and the effectiveness of the developed equipment. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the present technology with a chamber having six nebulizer nozzles were performed and validated through qualitative and quantitative comparisons, and experimental tests were conducted using the method Water-Sensitive Paper (WSP), with an exposure to the biocidal agent for 10 and 30 s. After evaluation, a new passage procedure for the chamber with six nozzles and a new configuration of the disinfection chamber were proposed. In the chamber with six nozzles, a deficiency was identified in its central region, where the suspended droplet concentration was close to zero. However, with the new passage procedure, there was a significant increase in wettability of the surface. With the proposition of the chamber with 12 nozzles, the suspended droplet concentration in different regions increased, with an average increase of 266%. The experimental results of the new configuration proved that there was an increase in wettability at all times of exposure, and it was more significant for an exposure of 30 s. Additionally, even in different passage procedures, there were no significant differences in the results for an exposure of 10 s, thereby showing the effectiveness of the new configuration or improved spraying and wettability by the biocidal agent, as well as in minimizing the impact caused by human factor in the performance of the disinfection technology.

Resumo: Introdução: A síndrome de burnout causa repercussão com impactos individuais, sociais e econômicos. A tríade que representa a síndrome acomete milhões de trabalhadores pelo mundo, incluindo os trabalhadores da área da saúde e, entre eles, os médicos. Pesquisas apontam um incremento das taxas de burnout entre médicos e residentes, mas pouco se fala sobre a síndrome em estudantes de Medicina. Objetivo: Ao observarmos o adoecimento constante de estudantes, identificamos a necessidade de compreender mecanismos que possam ser considerados disparadores. Assim, investigamos a percepção dos estudantes de Medicina que cursam o estágio supervisionado sobre a síndrome de burnout e a autoidentificação dos sintomas. Método: Realizamos pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso utilizando grupo focal como ferramenta metodológica. Participaram desta pesquisa 22 internos divididos em três grupos focais. As falas foram analisadas segundo a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Dessas análises e de suas inferências, delinearam-se quatro categorias: “(Con)fusão de papéis: o processo de deixar de ser estudante”; “Uma síndrome (in)visível: a banalização do sofrimento”; “Tornar-se médico: forjado no sofrimento”; “(Des)identificação: efeitos de um processo nada fácil”. Conclusão: Os estudantes desconheciam a síndrome e não foram capazes de reconhecer os sintomas dela durante a formação. O achado significativo apontou para a sobrecarga relacionada à falta de tempo e como esta gera um processo de sofrimento nos estudantes. Acredita-se, portanto, que o processo de ensino precisa ser repensado para que os estudantes possam, de fato, aprender e apreender todos os significados que a universidade tem potencialmente a lhes oferecer.

Melanoma is the most aggressive and life-threatening skin cancer type. The melanoma genome is the most frequently mutated, with the BRAF mutation present in 40–60% of melanoma cases. BRAF-mutated melanomas are characterized by a higher aggressiveness and progression. Adjuvant targeted treatments, such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors, are added to surgical excision in BRAF-mutated metastatic melanomas to maximize treatment effectiveness. However, resistance remains the major therapeutic problem. Interest in natural products, like propolis, for therapeutic applications, has increased in the last years. Propolis healing proprieties offer great potential for the development of novel cancer drugs. As the activity of Portuguese propolis has never been studied in melanoma, we evaluated the antitumoral activity of propolis from Gerês (G18.EE) and its fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol) in A375 and WM9 melanoma cell lines. Results from DPPH•/ABTS• radical scavenging assays indicated that the samples had relevant antioxidant activity, however, this was not confirmed in the cell models. G18.EE and its fractions decreased cell viability (SRB assay) and promoted ROS production (DHE/Mitotracker probes by flow cytometry), leading to activation of apoptotic signaling (expression of apoptosis markers). Our results suggest that the n-BuOH fraction has the potential to be explored in the pharmacological therapy of melanoma.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar as facilidades e dificuldades percebidas por egressos de uma pós-graduação em Estomaterapia para atuação no mundo do trabalho. Métodos pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida com 22 egressos de um Curso de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem em Estomaterapia, de uma universidade pública da Região Sudeste do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, entre janeiro e abril de 2018. As entrevistas foram tratadas com base na análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados apreenderam-se como facilidades: reconhecimento do especialista, autonomia profissional, conhecimentos adquiridos por meio da especialização, disponibilidade de tecnologias de cuidados. Como fatores dificultadores, citaram-se: carência de recursos humanos e materiais, baixa remuneração do especialista, política institucional desfavorável, não valorização do estomaterapeuta. Conclusões e implicações para a prática as facilidades identificadas se relacionaram com o reconhecimento do especialista; a autonomia; a ascensão e o crescimento profissional; os conhecimentos adquiridos por meio da especialização; e a disponibilidade de tecnologias do cuidado para realização da prática profissional. As dificuldades analisadas no estudo estiveram vinculadas predominantemente à configuração do mundo do trabalho, cujos fundamentos se pautam no ideário neoliberal do Estado mínimo e no enxugamento da máquina pública.

ABSTRACT In this study, we evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion of ethanolic extract of green propolis (EEGP) on productivity, egg quality, nutrient utilization, and duodenal morphology of 120 Japanese laying quail. The quail were randomly distributed into five treatment groups: one group with no EEGP in the diet (control diet) and four groups with increasing EEGP levels (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg EEGP/kg diet) in the diets. Excreta and diet samples were collected on day 40 and were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, gross energy (GE), calcium, and phosphorus to evaluate the nutrient and energy use. At the end of the study period, productive performance, egg quality, and duodenum morphology were evaluated. Duodenal sections were obtained from four birds per treatment and were processed for optical microscopy. The EEGP did not affect DM, GE utilization, apparent metabolizable energy, ash retention, feed intake, feed conversion, egg mass, egg quality, crypt depth, or villus height:crypt depth ratio in the duodenum. However, EEGP did increase laying rate, CP, EE, calcium, and phosphorus utilization, as well as villus height and absorption surface area in the duodenum when provided to birds at 1500 and 2000 mg/kg in the diet. Thus, the inclusion of EEGP at 1500 ppm in the diet of Japanese laying quail improves productivity, egg quality, nutrient utilization ability, and duodenal morphology.

Phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-I) is an abundant antigen on the Mycobacterium leprae cell wall, commonly used for operational classification of leprosy patients. Our aim was to develop PGL-I mimotopes with similar characteristics and functions of the native antigen. We have used a random peptide phage display (PD) library for selections against the monoclonal antibody anti-PGL-I. After three selection cycles, six peptides were identified. All sequences were interspersed by a spacer generating a chimeric peptide (PGLI-M3) that was artificially synthesized. The highly reactive peptide was submitted to a reverse PD selection with a single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment combinatorial library. The most reactive scFv was then validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against both native PGL-I and two derived synthetic (NDO and ND-O-HSA). We have further proved the scFv specificity by detecting M. leprae bacilli in leprosy lesions through immunohistochemistry. We then described its applicability in ELISA for all clinical forms and household contacts (HC). Afterward, we showed differential binding affinities of PGLI-M3 to sera (anti-PGL-I IgM) from all leprosy clinical forms through surface plasmon resonance (SPR). ELISA IgM detection showed 89.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity, considering all clinical forms. Positivity for anti-PGL-I IgM was twofold higher in both HC and patients with paucibacillary forms in hyperendemic regions than in endemic ones. The SPR immunosensor was able to differentiate clinical forms with 100% accuracy. This is the first time that a PGL-I mimotope has efficiently mimicked the carbohydrate group of the M. leprae antigen with successful immunoassay applications and may become a substitute for the native antigen.

Os destinos turísticos dependem cada vez mais da imagem, isto porque imagens atrativas seduzem potenciais visitantes e imagens pouco atraentes repelem-os. Com o propósito de refletir a imagem percecionada da Serra da Estrela, delineou-se um modelo de pesquisa que, sustentado numa estratégia de investigação alicerçada teoricamente na sociologia do turismo, procurou analisar o processo de construção social da imagem desta região, em três momentos. Numa primeira fase, procurou-se refletir a imagem que tem sido construída socialmente, ao longo dos tempos, nas narrativas da literatura e do cinema. Numa segunda fase, procurou-se analisar a forma como a comunicação social tem retratado estes territórios na imprensa escrita, num passado recente, confrontando-a com a imagem projetada em suportes da comunicação organizacional, da responsabilidade dos organismos que têm a seu cargo a promoção turística desta região. Para, numa fase derradeira, a partir de um questionário aplicado on-line, aferir o papel desempenhado por diferentes fornecedores de informação na construção social da imagem percecionada pelos inquiridos. A ideia que prevaleceu foi a de que, não obstante o investimento por parte dos organismos responsáveis pela promoção da imagem turística da Serra da Estrela, na difusão de imagens que vão além das tradicionais, os seus efeitos tardam a fazer-se sentir. Isto porque a valorização dos atributos da imagem da Serra da Estrela, plasmada nos dados recolhidos pelo questionário, aproximou-se mais das funcionalidades atribuídas a estes territórios, ao longo dos tempos, pelas fontes de informações mais tradicionais (literatura, media e memórias coletivas) do que daquelas em que a comunicação organizacional se tem vindo a empenhar.

A atividade antrópica é responsável pela contaminação do meio ambiente com metais pesados. Dentre essas atividades destacam-se a mineração e o lixo gerado pela população. Os metais pesados podem sofrer lixiviação alcançando o lençol freático causando danos muitos sérios para população que por acaso venha a utilizar aquela água. A utilização de solos, com certas características, como barreiras para o movimento de íons de metais pesados é de fundamental importância para a preservação do meio ambiente. Análises químicas e físicas foram feitas para caracterizar 8 amostras de solos da região de Viçosa-MG. Maiores teores de argila são importantes para impedir a maior lixiviação desses metais para camadas mais profundas do solo. A análise do pH e dos teores de matéria orgânica também é fundamental para a decisão de qual solo será utilizado como barreira química para metais pesados. Quanto mais alto o pH e os teores de matéria orgânica do solo, menor a mobilidade dos metais pesados

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The performance of an immunoassay relies on antigen-antibody interaction; hence, antigen chemical stability and structural integrity are paramount for an efficient assay. We conducted a functional, thermostability and long-term stability analysis of different chimeric antigens (IBMP), in order to assess effects of adverse conditions on four antigens employed in ELISA to diagnose Chagas disease. ELISA-based immunoassays have served as a model for biosensors development, as both assess molecular interactions. To evaluate thermostability, samples were heated and cooled to verify heat-induced denaturation reversibility. In relation to storage stability, the antigens were analyzed at 25 °C at different moments. Long-term stability tests were performed using eight sets of microplates sensitized. Antigens were structurally analyzed through circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering, SDS-PAGE, and functionally evaluated by ELISA. Data suggest that IBMP antigens are stable, over adverse conditions and for over a year. Daily analysis revealed minor changes in the molecular structure. Functionally, IBMP-8.2 and IBMP-8.3 antigens showed reactivity towards anti-T. cruzi antibodies, even after 72 h at 25 °C. Long-term stability tests showed that all antigens were comparable to the control group and all antigens demonstrated stability for one year. Data suggest that the antigens maintained their function and structural characteristics even in adverse conditions, making them a sturdy and reliable candidate to be employed in future in vitro diagnostic tests applicable to different models of POC devices, such as modern biosensors in development.

Brazil is the largest broiler meat exporter in the world. This important economic activity generates income in different branches of the production chain. However, the decomposition of residues incorporated in the poultry litter generates several gases, among them ammonia. When emitted from the litter to the air, ammonia can cause several damages to animals and man, in addition to being able to convert into a greenhouse gas. Thus, the aim of this article was to carry out a review of the ammonia emission factors in the production of broilers, the methodologies for measuring, and the inventories of emissions already carried out in several countries. The main chemical processes for generating ammonia in poultry litter have been introduced and some practices that can contribute to the reduction of ammonia emissions have been provided. The PMU, Portable Monitoring Unit, and the SMDAE, Saraz Method for Determination of Ammonia Emissions, with the required adaptations, are methodologies that can be used to quantify the ammonia emissions in hybrid facilities with a natural and artificial ventilation system. An ammonia emission inventory can contribute to the control and monitoring of pollutant emissions and is an important step towards adopting emission reductions. However, quantifying the uncertainties about ammonia emission inventories is still a challenge to be overcome.

A determinação da condutividade hidráulica de solos constitui ferramenta importante na compreensão da distribuição espacial das taxas de recarga em aquíferos livres, auxiliando na elaboração de estratégias de uso racional e integrado de águas superficiais e subterrâneas. O presente projeto constitui uma pesquisa empírica, cujo objetivo geral é determinar a variabilidade espacial da condutividade hidráulica em pequena bacia hidrográfica, comparando essas variações com aspectos fisiográficos. A área de estudo está situada na porção alta da sub-bacia do rio Jacaré-Pepira, importante zona de recarga do Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG). A condutividade hidráulica foi medida pelo método do Permeâmetro de Guelph, que envolve a medição da recarga líquida estática responsável pela manutenção da carga hidráulica em um furo artificial no solo. Os valores obtidos dos experimentos foram utilizados para a confecção de um mapa de sua distribuição na área da microbacia. Com base na comparação do mapa litológico com o mapa da condutividade hidráulica, se conclui que há uma correlação direta entre ambos. Os solos na área são essencialmente controlados pela litologia sotoposta, e sua expressão no relevo está associada com as resistência à erosão e intemperismo das rochas associadas ao front do relevo de cuestas basálticas.