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Chickpea production is seriously hampered by drought stress, which could be a great threat in the future for food security in developing countries. The present investigation aimed to screen the drought-tolerant response of forty desi chickpea genotypes against drought stress through various physio-biochemical selection indices and yield-attributing traits. Principle component-based biplot analysis recognized PG205, JG2016-44, JG63, and JG24 as tolerant genotypes based on physiological selection indices. These genotypes retained higher relative water content, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, and photosynthetic rate. ICC4958, JG11, JAKI9218, JG16, JG63, and PG205 were selected as tolerant genotypes based on biochemical selection indices. These genotypes sustained higher chlorophyll, sugar and proline content with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. With respect to yield trials, JAKI9218, JG11, JG16, and ICC4958 had higher seed yield per plant, numbers of pods, and biological yield per plant. Finally, JG11, JAKI9218, ICC4958, JG16, JG63, and PG205 were selected as tolerant genotypes based on cumulative physio-biochemical selection indices and yield response. These identified drought-tolerant genotypes may be further employed in climate-smart chickpea breeding programs for sustainable production under a changing climate scenario.

To examine the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) in hemodynamically unstable, critically ill children.Critically ill patients, 1-18 y old with hemodynamic instability (≥ 1 vasoactive drugs) and severe acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit were prospectively enrolled. Patients weighing ≤ 8 kg or with mean arterial pressure 5Between November 2018 and March 2020, 18 patients with median age 8.6 y and vasopressor dependency index of 83.2, underwent 41 sessions of SLED. In 16 patients, SLED was feasible within 12 h of indication. No session was terminated prematurely. Ultrafiltration achieved was 4.0 ± 2.2 mL/kg/h, while URR was 57.7 ± 16.2% and eKt/V 1.17 ± 0.56. Hemodynamic scores did not change significantly. Asymptomatic hypokalemia was the chief adverse effect. Sessions were associated with a significant improvement in indices on ultrasound and left ventricular function. Fourteen patients died.SLED is feasible, safe, and effective in enabling KRT in hemodynamically unstable children with severe AKI.

The present study proposes a Quonset-type greenhouse integrated with a thin-film photovoltaic thermal (GiPVT) system combined with an earth-air heat exchanger (EAHE) for crop cultivation in harsh hot climate conditions. A periodic thermal model in terms of input climatic and design parameters has been developed to evaluate the GiPVT system’s thermal performance. This model is based on the energy balance equations of the GiPVT system, and it calculates PV roof temperature, greenhouse air temperature, and plant temperature for a given climatic data, i.e., solar irradiation and ambient air temperature. Furthermore, the thermal load leveling for the GiPVT system is determined to assess the thermal comfort status within the enclosed space of the system. The results indicate that EAHE successfully reduces greenhouse air temperature and increases the thermal comfort level inside the GiPVT system. Corresponding to the optimum flowrate of 0.5 kg/s, the maximum temperature of the plants and greenhouse is reduced by 20 °C and 21 °C, respectively. Moreover, the present GiPVT system produces 29.22 kWh of electrical energy per day, making the system self-sustainable.

Curcuma caesia belongs to the genus Curcuma and the family of Zingiberaceae, which is a very important but unexplored medicinal plant. It is locally known as black turmeric or kali halide and is mainly used by the local tribal community as traditional medicine for the health sector. The rhizome of black turmeric has wide applications in the economic pharma sector due to essential active ingredients. This research aims to standardize a rapid, simple and efficient protocol for DNA extraction in Curcuma caesia which can be used for another genus of Zingiberaceae to obtain DNA from leaf samples. Changes in the concentration of components of DNA extraction buffer have improved the quantity of DNA from leaf samples compared to rhizomes. Extracted DNA samples also proved more efficient in PCR amplification of DNA barcode primers. The protocol developed in the present study is more efficient for leaf samples of Curcuma caesia compared to rhizome samples.

We describe highly efficient and stable bifacial perovskite solar cells incorporating carbon nanotube network films as a back contact enabling perovskite/CIS 4-terminal tandem solar cells to reach apower conversion efficiency of over 27%.

LaCoO3 based compounds with 5% Cr and Fe ion as impurity at Co site were prepared by standard solid state reaction method. These sample were characterized for structural confirmation via XRD technique and for microstructural and compositional studies through SEM/EDAX characterization. In addition, these materials were investigated for dielectric properties. The X-ray diffraction studies infer that the sample are pure and single phased. These samples have acquired trigonal structure. The XRD result was verified via Rietveld refinement of pristine LaCoO3 compound. FTIR technique has been used to confirm the required oxide formation. The SEM images of these samples reveals that average grain size acquired after sintering is very high however the images present the porosity in the samples. EDAX data study confirmed that all the integral elements of the samples were retained and witnesses the absence of any foreign impurity. Dielectric study of these samples witness the samples exhibit high dielectric constant (capacitance) however the loss values are comparatively high subject to the modifications in microstructure.

Purpose This paper aims to accurately estimate harmonics/interharmonics in modern power system. There are several high spectral resolution techniques that have been in use for several years like Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT), Prony methods, etc. but these techniques require prior knowledge of number of modes present in the signal. Model Order (MO) estimation techniques have to make a trade-off between accuracy and their speed i.e., computational burden. Therefore, there is always a requirement of a technique that is fast as well as accurate. Design/methodology/approach The proposed standard deviation (SD) method eliminates the requirement of energy validation test and analyses the distribution pattern, i.e. standard deviation of eigenvalues to identify the number of modes present in the signal. Signal is reconstructed using estimated modes and reconstruction error is obtained to show accuracy of the proposed estimation. Findings Six test synthetic signals as well as one practical signal have been taken for validating the proposed method. The paper shows that proposed methodology has a better accuracy compared to modified exact model order (MEMO) method in high noise environment and takes very less computation time compared to the exact model order (EMO) method. Practical implications The proposed method has been practically implemented for harmonic/interharmonic analysis at a sewage treatment plant at GIFT City, Gujarat, India. Apart from this the proposed method is modeled in python-based tool and is run into low-cost Raspberry Pi like hardware to create an onsite as well as remote monitoring device. Originality/value SD-based approach for model order estimation is novel to this area. Further, the proposed method is compared with EMO and MEMO under varying noise conditions to check for accuracy and estimation time.

We explore the study of energetic transients including core-collapse supernovae using various publicly available analysis tools like MESA & SNEC, MOSFiT and SNCOSMO. We used MESA to evolve a star having zero age main sequence mass (Mzams) of 24 M⊙ until the onset of core-collapse. Then we exploded this model using openly available explosion codes, STELLA & SNEC and obatined various observable parameters such as bolometric luminosity and photospheric velocities etc. We also used MOSFiT to model the light curve of a type Ic supernova, SN1999ex and obtained various physical parameters. SNCOSMO is used for template fitting of various supernovae by varying various parameters such as red shift, dust map, stretch factor of light curve, explosion epoch of supernova etc.

TeV emissions from γ-ray bursts are very important to study their origin and the radiation mechanisms in detail. Recent observations of TeV photons in some of the GRBs are challenging to be explained by the traditional Synchrotron radiation mechanism. In this work, we present the results of a detailed investigation of the prompt and afterglow emissions of recently discovered TeV GRBs (GRB 180720B, GRB 190114C, and GRB 190829A) based on the publicly available prompt and afterglow data including 10.4m GTC and 1.3m DFOT telescopes observations of the first HESS and MAGIC bursts, respectively. Timeresolved spectroscopy of prompt emission of GRB 180720B and GRB 190114C shows an intensity tracking nature of peak energy. In the case of GRB 190829A, peak energy evolution shows a hard to soft tracking trend followed by a very soft and chaotic trend. GRB 190829A is a peculiar intermediate luminous two episodic burst with first emission episode outlier to Amati correlation. We analyzed the late time Fermi-LAT emission that encapsulates the H.E.S.S. and MAGIC observations. Some of the LAT photons are likely to be associated with these GRBs and they could have an Inverse Compton radiation mechanism.

A compact dual band 2 × 2 multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with dimension 46 × 30 × 1.6 mm3 is reported. The designed CPW-fed MIMO antenna structure consists of swastika shaped slot in the rectangular patch. A T-shaped narrow conducting strip is used in ground plane to improve the isolation between the two radiating elements. The measured lower and upper frequency bandwidths are respectively 64.96% (1.85–3.63 GHz) and 44.36% (5.07–7.96 GHz), along with the corresponding isolation $$\le -$$ 17.21 dB and $$\le -$$ 22.42 dB. The measured realized gain changes from 1.14 to 4.12 dBi (lower band) and from 1.42 to 4.78 dBi (upper band) and the radiation efficiency is found over 72% for both the frequency bands. The antenna diversity parameters alongwith the radiation patterns are also investigated. Initially, the antenna is modelled using CST Microwave studio and the optimized design is fabricated and measured for validity of results.

Thermal model is developed to predict the outlet water temperature with respect to time for water-in-tube type evacuated solar collector connected in series. Developed mathematical expression is validated for the single collector and two collectors connected in series. In each collector, there are 20 evacuated tubes connected to the storage tank. Coefficient of determination (R2), reduced chi-square (χ2), and root mean squared error (RMSE) have been calculated to show the prediction accuracy of the developed model. For single and two collectors connected in series, R2 is 99.73% and 99.90%, χ2 is 0.46 °C and 0.39 °C, and RMSE is 0.70 °C and 0.65 °C, respectively. Predicted value shows good agreement with the experimental value. At a constant mass flowrate, the maximum outlet temperature reaches 53.10 °C and 71.50 °C for single and two collectors in series, respectively. The maximum energy for the single collector is 4.12 kW and 4 kW, while for two collectors connected in series, the maximum energy is 7.08 kW and 6.69 kW. Average thermal efficiency is 4.45% and 4.51% and average exergy efficiency is 9.66% and 15.17% for single and series-connected collectors, respectively. Developed model can design energy-efficient “water-in-tube type evacuated tube collector” for domestic and industrial applications.

For the past few decades, a solid mass in the kidney with avid enhancement was considered renal cell carcinoma (RCC). With the advancement in radiological interventions, the understanding and treatment of a large number of tumours has changed. Oncocytomas are solid benign renal masses contributing 3-7% in all renal neoplasms. We report a case of a 32-year-old male who presented to our medicine OPD with abdominal pain and discomfort for about one month, later diagnosed with oncocytoma. We emphasize the importance of the typical imaging findings for the diagnosis and characterization of renal tumors.

Introduction Very few studies have analysed the outcomes of paediatric pancreatic grafts for whole pancreas transplantation. These grafts represent an important resource for both paediatric and adult recipients. Smaller donor grafts may have an increased risk of thrombosis and potentially less chance of insulin independence due to reduced beta cell mass in larger recipients. The aim of this study was to analysis of the use of donor paediatric pancreatic grafts for whole pancreas transplants. Methods NHSBT registry data from 2003–2021 was obtained (n=2,998), those with missing data specifically pertaining to paediatric grafts were removed leaving a final cohort of 2,812. Age groups were categorized by school year (pre-school, infants, junior and high-school students) to best represent paediatric growth and milestones. Univariate survival analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier plots and multi-variate analysis with cox regression models. Results The majority of grafts utilized were from donors >18 years old (n=2,402, 85.4%). 12.4% (n=350) were aged between 12–18 years, 1.45% (n=41) 8–11 years, 0.6% (n=17) 4–7 years and our smallest group aged Conclusion This study has shown comparable graft and patient outcomes after pancreas transplantation irrespective of donor age and may help facilitate improved rates of graft utilization. Take-home message Paediatric donors have very similar outcomes to adult donors. Here we provided evidence that paediatric transplants for the pancreas should be more widely utilised.

The Quaternary Period in South Asia has a very prolonged and diverse history. Within this region, India represents various technological and cultural phases of hominin occupation adapting to different ecological zones throughout the Quaternary Period. The earliest records of this occupation can be traced back to 1.5 Ma ago and possibly to c . 2 Ma ago. Archaeological evidence has been reported from all known phases in India, showing a continuous record of occupation from the Early Pleistocene onwards and reflecting adaptation by multiple hominin species over time. This book aims to highlight recent advances in the Quaternary geoarchaeology by showcasing diverse methods such as archaeology, geology, palaeoclimatology, sedimentology, GIS, remote sensing and taphonomy. It presents a collection of papers that address various geoarchaeological aspects from different regions in India, within the time frame of the Early Pleistocene to Anthropocene. This volume provides an opportunity for new data to be disseminated, particularly by young researchers and, within the framework of worldwide research issues, it promotes new geoarchaeological perspectives from India.

Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are widely accepted industrial controllers. These controllers also find their applications in wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). Although such controllers are well researched and developed too, their linear nature and sensitivity of their gains towards variations in plant’s parameter are some noticeable disadvantages associated with them. Moreover, tuning of their gains involves certain approximations, which leads to demean their accuracy. On contrary, the designing of lag-compensators is procedural and discussed well in literature. Although such compensators could not have drawn the attention of wind turbine manufacturers but may a potential candidate for future developments. The focus of this paper is to design phase-lag compensators and use them to extract maximum available power in the wind, at every wind speed upto its rated value. Ability of the compensators is assessed through detailed simulation of a PMSG based WECS in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Observed responses are motivating and demonstrates the effectiveness of the designed compensators.

Watershed prioritization is beneficial for soil, groundwater development as well as for the implementation of the artificial recharge schemes. It is a well-known scientific process of drainage network delineation and ranking of different sub-watersheds of a basin. This is the mostly adopted morphometric interpretation and assessment technique and used for prioritization of watershed. In the present study, morphometric analysis of the Deonar river sub basin has been carried out to interpret and assess its hydrological importance. The study was carried out using geospatial approach and it is reflected in morphometric parameters such as linear, areal and relief aspects of the watershed. Detailed morphometric analysis and drainage map has been prepared from ASTER DEM (digital elevation model) having 30m spatial resolution using GIS environment. The delineated and analysed morphometric parameters are helpful for planning of soil and water conservation with the PCA approach. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a well-known technique that reduces the dimensionality of the given input data set which maximizes the amount of variance information. The delineated drainage order comes 1 to 5 and the watershed comprises of 6 sub-watersheds named as SW-I to SW-VI were analyzed. Based on Deonar river sub basin morphometric analysis, the sub-watershed is categorised into three classes as high, medium and low priority zones. Watershed prioritization and correlation of morphometric parameters of the Deonar river basin illustrates and indicates the high priority due to the greater degree of erosion. The analysed result is useful for making better planning and management, to identify the artificial recharge structures of the various sub-watersheds for improving the water potentiality.

Following recent work on the Miocene terrestrial vertebrate fauna of Kutch, we focused on bulk wet screening for microfossils from beds exposed near Tapar (=Tappar) and Pasuda villages in central K...

We report a facile synthesis of an Ir surface-enriched IrCo alloy catalyst and its excellent activity which outperforms commercial Pt/C for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media showing fast kinetics. The as-synthesized catalyst exhibits low overpotentials of merely 9 mV and 29.3 mV to afford current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively, a turnover frequency of 1.25 s−1, a low Tafel slope of 23.7 mV dec−1, and stability for 100 h at a high current density of 100 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the enrichment of Ir atoms on the outer surface of IrCo alloys is responsible for the effectively optimized free energy of hydrogen adsorption, which boosts the kinetics and HER performance. Our finding provides an insight into the metal surface enrichment on alloy nanoparticles (NPs).