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A pesar del creciente uso de herramientas basadas en Inteligencia Artificial, a menudo se pasa por alto la comprensión de sus conceptos subyacentes, centrando la atención exclusivamente en el uso. En este trabajo se aborda un estudio de la percepción que tienen los estudiantes preuniversitarios antes y después de realizar una actividad enfocada a la creación de modelos, el entrenamiento supervisado y la problemática de la existencia de sesgos en estos sistemas, haciendo uso del instrumento denominado ‘Actitud hacia la Inteligencia Artificial’. La actividad se llevó a cabo en el marco de la Olimpiada de Pensamiento Computacional, un evento cuyo objetivo es mejorar la percepción de las Ciencias de la Computación entre los más jóvenes. Participaron un total de 82 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria, entre 13 y 16 años, de los cuales 38 eran chicas, 40 chicos y 4 no binarios. Mientras que los chicos no creen que la Inteligencia Artificial pueda destruir a la humanidad sino que es posible que traiga beneficios, las chicas muestran una mayor desconfianza. El análisis revela un cambio en la percepción hacia la Inteligencia Artificial, tendiendo a ser más crítico y negativo tras realizar la actividad., Despite the growing use of tools based on Artificial Intelligence, there is often an oversight in understanding its underlying concepts, focusing exclusively on its use. This work addresses a study of the perception preuniversity students have before and after conducting an activity in which concepts such as model creation, supervised training, or the existence of biases in these systems were explored using the Attitude Towards Artificial Intelligence instrument. The activity was carried out within the framework of the Computational Thinking Olympiad, an event aimed at improving the perception of Computer Sciences among youngers. A total of 82 secondary education students, aged between 13 and 16, participated in the study, of which 38 were girls, 40 boys, and 4 non-binary. The results show a greater distrust towards Artificial Intelligence among girls compared to boys, while the latter do not believe it can destroy humanity and also think that it could bring benefits. The analysis reveals a change in perception towards Artificial Intelligence, tending to be more critical and negative after conducting the activity.

En este trabajo se presenta una actividad en la que se utiliza el asistente de programación GitHub Copilot en una asignatura del Grado en Ingeniería Informática en la que se estudian lenguajes y paradigmas de programación. La actividad, de carácter obligatorio, consiste en diseñar, implementar y ejecutar un ejercicio haciendo uso de tres lenguajes de programación representativos de los paradigmas imperativo, funcional y lógico. La ejecución del ejercicio se llevó a cabo de manera no presencial. Un total de 100 estudiantes, de los 131 matriculados, realizaron la actividad durante el presente curso académico. Se utilizó un instrumento para medir la percepción del uso de GitHub Copilot en el que se preguntó por la experiencia, la utilidad, la efectividad y la didáctica, entre otros. Los resultados muestran que existe una curiosa variación según el lenguaje de programación utilizado y el grado de conocimiento de este por parte del estudiante: cuanto mayor conocimiento, más útil lo encuentra., This work presents an activity in which a code generation model is used for a subject of the Degree in Computer Engineering in which programming languages and paradigms are studied. The activity, which is mandatory, consists of designing, implementing and executing an exercise using three programming languages. representative of the imperative, functional and logical paradigms. The exercise was carried out remotely. A total of 100 students carried out the activity during the current academic year. An instrument was used to measure the perception of the use of code assistants, which asked about the usefulness, ease, of use, etc. The results show that there is an interesting variation depending on the programming language used and the student’s level of knowledge: the higher the knowledge, the more useful they find it.

The morphology of numerous nanocolumnar thin films deposited by the magnetron sputtering technique at oblique geometries and at relatively low temperatures has been analyzed for materials as different as Au, Pt, Ti, Cr, TiO, Al, HfN, Mo, V, WO and W. Despite similar deposition conditions, two characteristic nanostructures have been identified depending on the material: a first one defined by highly tilted and symmetric nanocolumnar structures with a relatively high film density, and a second one characterized by rather vertical and asymmetric nanocolumns, with a much lower film density. With the help of a model, the two characteristic nanostructures have been linked to different growth dynamics and, specifically, to different surface relaxation mechanisms upon the incorporation of gaseous species with kinetic energies above the surface binding energy. Moreover, in the case of Ti, a smooth structural transition between the two types of growths has been found when varying the value of the power used to maintain the plasma discharge. Based on these results, the existence of different surface relaxation mechanisms is proposed, which quantitatively explains numerous experimental results under the same conceptual framework.

The low temperature formation of monoclinic VO2crystal domains in nanocolumnar vanadium/oxygen thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering at oblique angles is analyzed. The synthesis procedure involved the deposition of amorphous nanocolumnar VO1.9thin films at room temperature and its subsequent annealing at temperatures between 250 °C and 330 °C in an oxygen atmosphere. The thermochromic transition of these films was found at a temperature of 47 °C when the annealing temperature was 270 °C and 58 °C when the annealing temperature was 280 °C and 290 °C, presenting a clear drop of the optical transmittance in the infrared region of the spectrum. The significant downshift in the temperature window to obtain VO2in comparison with compact films and other strategies in literature is explained by the particular morphology of the nanocolumnar structures, which contains numerous defects along with open and embedded porosity.