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Due to their poikilothermic nature, fish are very sensitive to changes in temperature. Due to climate change, the average global temperature has increased by 1.5°C in the last century, which may have caused an increase in farmed fish mortality recently. Predictions using the model estimate that a 1°C increase in temperature could cause 3%-4% and 4%-6% mortality due to infectious diseases in organisms living in warm and temperate waters, respectively. There is a need to determine whether there is a relationship between increasing environmental temperature and disease virulence. This review examines the influence and impact of increasing temperatures due to climate change on the physiology and pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae, which causes streptococcosis in tilapia and causes significant economic losses. Changes in the pathogenicity of S. agalactiae, especially its virulence properties due to increasing temperature, require changes in the composition design of the fish vaccine formula to provide better protection through the production of protective antibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high per capita electricity consumption in developed countries is also correlated with high numbers on the human development index. Several studies show the relationship between the level of electricity consumption on economic growth and vice versa. This study aims to explore the relationship between electricity consumption, Human Development Index (HDI), and inflation to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita in ASEAN 5 countries. Using the simultaneous equation for the period 2012 to 2010 with the indirect least squares (ILS) analysis technique, it is found that electrical energy consumption has a positive effect on GDP per capita but HDI (Human Development Index) does not significantly affect GDP per Capita in ASEAN 5 countries. Meanwhile, the obtained inflation variable does not affect GDP per Capita. Then, we develop the second model and third model to test the impact on GDP per capita, electricity per capita, and HDI. The second model HDI as the dependent variable is influenced by the level of electricity consumption per capita and GDP per capita. This result proves that HDI is not influenced significantly by GDP per capita but is influenced by electricity consumption per capita. The third model shows empirical evidence that GDP per capita and HDI affect the level of electricity consumption. The policy implication is that electricity consumption will increase along with the increase in economic growth. The government must be able to increase supply to fulfill the rising electricity demand.

The COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult to carry out face-to-face training activities in various higher institutions. This has led to a negative impact on the skills and abilities of nursing students in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the cessation of their clinical practice programs in hospitals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the efficacy and knowledge of nursing students in performing CPR by implementing a blended learning program, through online learning platforms. The search for full-text articles was carried out in May 2020 and were reviewed to know whether they fit the theme using the ProQuest, ScienceDirect and PubMed databases with the keywords "BLS", "CPR", "Blended learning", "Knowledge" and "Self-efficacy". In addition, there were 15 articles that matched the criteria. The application of a blended learning program that integrates video and face-to-face lectures through online learning platforms in conducting effective CPR, increases the efficacy and knowledge of nursing students. The effectiveness of online learning greatly affects the efficacy and knowledge of nursing students in conducting CPR. Therefore, it was highly recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This research tried to compare the level of farmers' livelihood vulnerability to flooding in Sukoharjo and Klaten. Farmers are the most susceptible caused by climate change. The data used in this research are primary data, collected by interviewing 61 respondents who are farmers in the Sonorejo Village, Sukoharjo Regency and 72 respondents in the Jiwo Wetan Village, Klaten Regency. This data obtained by using non-probability sampling technique with purposive methods. Meanwhile mapping for hazard level was analysed by using Geographic Information System (GIS). Descriptive statistic was used for the livelihood vulnerability index's (LVI) and the LVI-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) index calculation. The results show that the farmers' livelihood vulnerability in the Sonorejo Village is medium level because of climate change based on the LVI index value at 0.363 and LVI-IPCC index value at 0.044. Meanwhile, the Jiwo Wetan Village has a lower index in LVI at 0.344 and LVI-IPCC index value at 0.038. Areas with similar physical characteristic and most of its community have a dependence on agriculture tend relatively the same level of vulnerability., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.