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Anthocyanin pigments and nectar constituents of Cheirostemon platanoides and Kigelia pinnata were analyzed in an effort to define provisionally a "bat syndrome" of floral phytochemical characters. Amounts and composition of sugar, protein, amino acid, and phenolic nectar constituents are presented. Genetic homology with related taxa appears to dominate over special adaptation to pollination by bats in determining floral pigments, but some evidence of adaptative change is present in nectar sugar composition. The contribution of nectar constituents to bat nutrition and energetics is discussed. THE EXISTENCE OF SYNDROMES of morphological characters associated with particular classes of pollinators is well documented. Recent evidence suggests that adaptively significant syndromes of phytochemical characters may also be associated with pollinator classes. Such studies have centered around floral pigments (Harborne and Smith 1978) and nectar constituents, especially sugars (Baker 1978). The existence of a morphological "bat syndrome" is well established (Faegri and Pijl 1966). This report provisionally defines a corresponding phytochemical bat syndrome. The taxa under investigation are Cheirostemon platanoides Humboldt and Bonpland (Chi ranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat.) (Sterculiaceae) and Kigelia pinnata DC. (Bignoniaceae). Cheirostemon is a monotypic genus native to montane cloud forests of southern Mexico and Guatemala. Kigelia consists of six species and is native to tropical Africa. Both of these taxa have been reported as "classical" bat-pollinated plants (Vogel 1958, Harris and Baker 1958). MATERIALS AND METHODS Nectar samples were taken from Cheirostemon platanoides plants cultivated at the Botanic Garden of the University of California at Los Angeles and from Kigelia pinnata cultivated at the Los Angeles State and County Arboretum. Samples were frozen and stored at -20 C until analysis. Corolla colors were determined by comparison with Royal Horticultural Society (London) Colour Chart standards. Corolla pigments were extracted into acidified methanol and purified by one-dimensional paper chromatography in BAW (BuOHHOAc-H20, 4:1:5). Pigments were identified by determining of Rf values with four solvents using standard methods (Harborne 1967). Total solids in nectar were determined in the field with a hand refractometer. Nectar sugar composition was determined by paper chromatography with appropriate standards using an ethyl acetatepyridine-water (12:4:5) solvent. Sugars were visualized using a benzidine spray, and subjective judgments of relative amounts were made on the basis of

A new monotypic genus, Franciscodendron B. Hyland & Steenis is described for the first time, based on Sterculia laurifolia F. Muell. A comparison with nine genera of the tribe Sterculieae indicates that Franciscodendron has its closest relationship with Hildegardia.

The discovery of a new species of Fremontodendron i the Sierra foothills of California is of special interest, as the species of this genus are few in number and restricted in distribution. Specimens were first collected in 1956 by Beecher Crampton (Crampton 3524, UC) who noted on the label that the plant was a "sprawling semi-prostrate shrub" with a striking red-orange to reddish yellow flower.

General observations in various parts of the forest zone of Nigeria have indicated that light wind-borne seeds and fruits are characteristic of many large trees, whereas under-storey trees and shrubs mostly have fleshy fruits. It has also been suggested that the lighter-seeded trees are, on the whole, more characteristic of open habitats, while species with larger seeds occupy more shaded habitats and can regenerate in more advanced phases of the succession. The latter generalization has been demonstrated for British plants by Salisbury (1942) and there is no obvious reason why it should not also hold for tropical forests. In order to test the accuracy of these general observations research was started in an area small enough to be studied in detail. The Ibadan South Forest Reserve was chosen largely because of its accessibility; it is about 32 km. (20 miles) south of Ibadan on the main Ijebu Ode road. The forest is undoubtedly secondary but has probably not been farmed for at least 80 years (possibly up to 120 years). It is in the drier part of the Lowland Rain Forest Region (Keay, 1953) and is characterized by a large proportion of Sterculiaceae and Ulmaceae. An 'Observation Plot' 122 m. (400 ft.) square was demarcated in April 1948 in a mature part of the forest and served as a focal point of the research. The research has been interrupted by my transfer to Kew in 1951, and so a full account of it cannot yet be written. The role of wind-dispersed species is the only aspect treated in this paper, and the only species considered are those actually found in the Observation Plot.

Fil: Cristobal, Cármen L. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Fil: Cristobal, Cármen L. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina. Una nueva subsección de la sección Ayenia se describe con una nueva especie Ayenia conciliata de Tamaulipas, México.