631 results on '"Zhao, Jiajia"'
Search Results
602. Oral Mucosa Derived α-Synuclein as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease.
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Zheng Y, Yu Z, Zhao J, Cai H, Wang Z, Wang X, and Feng T
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Background: Pathological α-synuclein (α-Syn) is not only exclusive to the central nervous system (CNS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), but also extended to biofluids and peripheral tissues including oral cavity. Both oral mucosa and nervous system are derived from ectodermal tissue, and potentially share common disease-specific characteristics. Oral mucosal exfoliative cytology is a non-invasive technique, which is an easily acceptable for patients and ordinary people. The purpose of this study was to determine the abnormal accumulation of α-Syn in oral mucosa of PD patients and to learn the diagnostic utility of oral mucosa α-Syn for PD., Methods: The oral mucosa samples were obtained from 57 patients with PD and 51 age-matched controls by cytological brush. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to investigate the presence and subcellular localization of α-Syn, phosphorylated α-Syn at Ser129 (pS129) and oligomeric α-Syn in the oral mucosa cells of PD patients and controls. Images taken as Z-stacks were analyzed for 3D reconstruction to visualize the α-Syn intracellular localization. Then, the concentrations of α-Syn, pS129, and oligomeric α-Syn in oral mucosa samples were measured using electrochemiluminescence assays., Results: Immunofluorescence images revealed the increased α-Syn, pS129, and oligomeric α-Syn levels in oral mucosa cells of PD patients than age-matched controls. The intracellular distributions of α-Syn species were determine by Z-stack images with 3D reconstruction, and α-Syn was detected in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. However, pS129 was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and oligomeric α-Syn was highly expressed in the nucleus and perinuclear cytoplasm. The concentrations of three α-Syn species were significantly increased in the oral mucosa cell samples of PD patients than controls (α-Syn, p = 0.001; pS129, p = 0.002; oligomeric α-Syn, p = 0.013). In PD patients, the oral mucosa α-Syn and oligomeric α-Syn levels were significantly correlated with Hoehn-Yahr scales (α-Syn, r = 0.495, p = 0.001; oligomeric α-Syn, r = 0.324, p = 0.03). The area under curve (AUC) of ROC analysis using an integrative model including α-Syn, pS129, and oligomeric α-Syn for PD diagnosis was 0.749, with 66.7% sensitivity and 72.5% specificity., Conclusion: This study for the first time demonstrated increased expressions of α-Syn, pS129, and oligomeric α-Syn in oral mucosa cells from PD patients, which serve as useful and non-invasive PD diagnostic biomarkers., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Yu, Zhao, Cai, Wang, Wang and Feng.)
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- 2022
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603. Identification of Genetic Loci Affecting Flag Leaf Chlorophyll in Wheat Grown under Different Water Regimes.
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Yang B, Wen X, Wen H, Feng Y, Zhao J, Wu B, Zheng X, Yang C, Yang S, Qiao L, and Zheng J
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Chlorophyll content of the flag leaf is an important trait for drought resistance in wheat under drought stress. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of flag leaf chlorophyll content could accelerate breeding for drought resistance. In this study, we constructed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross of drought-sensitive variety DH118 and drought-resistant variety Jinmai 919, and analyzed the chlorophyll contents of flag leaves in six experimental locations/years using the Wheat90K single-nucleotide polymorphism array. A total of 29 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling flag leaf chlorophyll were detected with contributions to phenotypic variation ranging from 4.67 to 23.25%. Twelve QTLs were detected under irrigated conditions and 18 were detected under dryland (drought) conditions. Most of the QTLs detected under the different water regimes were different. Four major QTLs ( Qchl.saw-3B.2 , Qchl.saw-5A.2 , Qchl.saw-5A.3 , and Qchl.saw-5B.2 ) were detected in the RIL population. Qchl.saw-3B.2 , possibly more suitable for marker-assisted selection of genotypes adapted to irrigated conditions, was validated by a tightly linked kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) marker in a doubled haploid population derived from a different cross. Qchl.saw-5A.3 , a novel stably expressed QTL, was detected in the dryland environments and explained up to 23.25% of the phenotypic variation, and has potential for marker-assisted breeding of genotypes adapted to dryland conditions. The stable and major QTLs identified here add valuable information for understanding the genetic mechanism underlying chlorophyll content and provide a basis for molecular marker-assisted breeding., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yang, Wen, Wen, Feng, Zhao, Wu, Zheng, Yang, Yang, Qiao and Zheng.)
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- 2022
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604. Relative importance of branching enzyme isoforms in determining starch fine structure and physicochemical properties of indica rice.
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Tappiban P, Hu Y, Deng J, Zhao J, Ying Y, Zhang Z, Xu F, and Bao J
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- 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme genetics, Amylopectin chemistry, Carbohydrate Conformation, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, Crystallography, X-Ray, Gene Editing, Gene Knockout Techniques, Isoenzymes chemistry, Isoenzymes metabolism, Oryza chemistry, Oryza genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified, Starch metabolism, Transcriptome, 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme chemistry, 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme metabolism, Oryza enzymology, Starch chemistry
- Abstract
Key Message: Down-regulation of starch branching enzymes alters fine structure and starch properties, especially the B-type crystalline pattern and extremely high amylose content identified in the BEIIb-deficiency mutant in the indica rice. The relative importance of the starch branching enzymes in determining the molecular fine structure and starch functional properties were uncovered in this study. An indica rice, Guangluai 4 with high amylose content (AC) and high gelatinization temperature (GT) was used to generate the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated protein-9 (Cas9) knockout lines. Five mutant lines were identified including be1-1, be1-2, be2a-1, be2a-2 and be2b-1, and analysis of western blot showed the CRISPR/Cas9 system was successful in inducing mutations in the targeted genes. AC of be2b-1 (34.1%) was greater than that of wild type (WT) (27.4%) and other mutants. Mutations of either BEI or BEIIa did not alter the starch crystallite pattern (A-type). The BEIIb deficiency caused an opaque endosperm phenotype, changed the crystallite pattern from A- to B-type, and dramatically increased the degree of ordered structure, the relative proportion of amylose chains and intermediate to long amylopectin chains, average chain length of amylopectin molecules as well as GT. The BEIIa deficiency had no effect on the proportion of amylose chains, the length of amylopectin intermediate-long chains, conclusion temperature and enthalpy of gelatinization. Down-regulation of BEI increased the proportion of shortest amylopectin chains (fa) but decreased the proportion of long amylopectin chains (fb2 and fb3), leading to a lower GT. It is concluded that the relative importance in determining starch fine structures and functionality was in the order of BEIIb > BEI > BEIIa. Our results provide new information for utilizations of BE-deficient mutants in rice quality breeding., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2022
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605. An X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patient with fever and disturbance of consciousness: infection with Torque teno virus?
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Liu H, Zhao J, Yang L, Yang C, and Liu Y
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- Adult, Consciousness, Humans, Male, Mutation, Agammaglobulinemia complications, Agammaglobulinemia diagnosis, Genetic Diseases, X-Linked, Torque teno virus genetics
- Abstract
This is the first report of meningoencephalitis in an adult male with X-linked agammaglobulinemia caused by a probable Torque teno virus (TTV) infection. TTV was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid samples of the patient by high-throughput sequencing technology. The patient was treated successfully. Abstract X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease caused by mutations in the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) gene, characterized by recurrent infections and low or undetectable immunoglobulin levels. The most recommended treatment for XLA is lifelong intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement therapy. Without treatment, XLA patients are vulnerable to bacterial and viral infections. Meningoencephalitis is a common complication in patients with XLA. Torque teno viruses (TTVs) are ubiquitous in various tissues of healthy people, while TTV infections have been reported only recently. This case study presents the first reported case on the Chinese mainland of meningoencephalitis in an adult male with XLA, most likely caused by TTV. A 27-year-old male presented with fever and severe disturbance of consciousness. Conventional tests, including blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, did not reveal any bacterial infections. The clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and results of CSF were suggestive of viral meningoencephalitis. Next, TTV was detected in CSF by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology. This case suggests that TTV can have a pathogenic effect on patients with severe immunodeficiency disease, and can produce severe clinical symptoms., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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606. Genome-Wide Association Study of Grain Number in Common Wheat From Shanxi Under Different Water Regimes.
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Zheng X, Qiao L, Liu Y, Wei N, Zhao J, Wu B, Yang B, Wang J, and Zheng J
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Water availability is a crucial environmental factor on grain number in wheat, which is one of the important yield-related traits. In this study, a diverse panel of 282 wheat accessions were phenotyped for grain number per spike (GNS), spikelet number (SN), basal sterile spikelet number (BSSN), and apical sterile spikelet number (ASSN) under different water regimes across two growing seasons. Correlation analysis showed that GNS is significantly correlated with both SN and BSSN under two water regimes. A total of 9,793 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the 15 K wheat array were employed for genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 77 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) for investigated traits as well as 8 MTAs for drought tolerance coefficient (DTC) were identified using the mixed linear model. Favored alleles for breeding were inferred according to their estimated effects on GNS, based on the mean difference of varieties. Frequency changes in favored alleles associated with GNS in modern varieties indicate there is still considerable genetic potential for their use as markers for genome selection of GNS in wheat breeding., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Qiao, Liu, Wei, Zhao, Wu, Yang, Wang and Zheng.)
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- 2022
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607. Fractionation and Extraction of Crude Nuclear Proteins From Arabidopsis Seedlings.
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Zhao J, Bao J, and Xu F
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The plant nucleus is an important subcellular organelle that contains the genome, ribosomal RNA, and regulatory proteins, and performs a central role in the functioning and metabolism of the cell. Fractionation of intact nuclei is a crucial process to elucidate the function of nuclear proteins. Here, we present a simple method for the fractionation of crude nuclei and extraction of nuclear proteins, based on previously established methods. This protocol provides an easy and quick method to isolate crude nuclei and extract nuclear proteins from Arabidopsis seedlings, which is useful for the research on the nuclear proteins, without requirement for high-purity nuclei. Graphic abstract: Schematic procedure for the isolation of crude nuclei and extraction of nuclear proteins from Arabidopsis seedlings., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors; exclusive licensee Bio-protocol LLC.)
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- 2022
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608. Analysis of Genetic Regions Related to Field Grain Number per Spike From Chinese Wheat Founder Parent Linfen 5064.
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Qiao L, Li H, Wang J, Zhao J, Zheng X, Wu B, Du W, Wang J, and Zheng J
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Wheat founder parents have been important in the development of new wheat cultivars. Understanding the effects of specific genome regions on yield-related traits in founder variety derivatives can enable more efficient use of these genetic resources through molecular breeding. In this study, the genetic regions related to field grain number per spike (GNS) from the founder parent Linfen 5064 were analyzed using a doubled haploid (DH) population developed from a cross between Linfen 5064 and Nongda 3338. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for five spike-related traits over nine experimental locations/years were identified, namely, total spikelet number per spike (TSS), base sterile spikelet number per spike (BSSS), top sterile spikelet number per spike (TSSS), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSS), and GNS. A total of 13 stable QTL explaining 3.91-19.51% of the phenotypic variation were found. The effect of six of these QTL, Qtss.saw-2B.1, Qtss.saw-2B.2, Qtss.saw-3B, Qfss.saw-2B.2, Qbsss.saw-5A.1 , and Qgns.saw-1A , were verified by another DH population (Linfen 5064/Jinmai 47), which showed extreme significance ( P < 0.05) in more than three environments. No homologs of reported grain number-related from grass species were found in the physical regions of Qtss.saw-2B.1 and Qtss.saw-3B , that indicating both of them are novel QTL, or possess novel-related genes. The positive alleles of Qtss.saw-2B.2 from Linfen 5064 have the larger effect on TSS (3.30%, 0.62) and have 66.89% in Chinese cultivars under long-term artificial selection. This study revealed three key regions for GNS in Linfen 5064 and provides insights into molecular marker-assisted breeding., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Qiao, Li, Wang, Zhao, Zheng, Wu, Du, Wang and Zheng.)
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- 2022
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609. Shaping autofocusing Airy beams through the modification of Fourier spectrum.
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Xu D, Liu Y, Mo Z, Jiang J, Shi J, Liang Z, Wu Y, Zhao J, Yang H, Huang H, Liu H, Shui L, and Deng D
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A new type of Airy beam arisen from the modification of Fourier spectrum is introduced numerically and experimentally. The autofocusing Airy beam (AAB) exhibits the features of off-axis autofocusing and transverse self-accelerating, producing a needle-like focus in the longitudinal direction and a tiny focal spot at the focusing plane. Furthermore, the focusing properties such as focusing position, focal spot size, focusing intensity and depth of focus can be adjusted by modulating parameters of the AAB. Experimental demonstrations of particle trapping and manipulation with the AAB are also presented. The number of trapped particles can be controlled by changing the focal spot size at the autofocusing plane. Our results offer practical applications in particle manipulation, fluorescent imaging technology, laser spectroscopy and so on.
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- 2022
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610. Orally administered bismuth drug together with N -acetyl cysteine as a broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus cocktail therapy.
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Wang R, Chan JF, Wang S, Li H, Zhao J, Ip TK, Zuo Z, Yuen KY, Yuan S, and Sun H
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The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern compromises vaccine efficacy and emphasizes the need for further development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics, in particular orally administered take-home therapies. Cocktail therapy has shown great promise in the treatment of viral infection. Herein, we reported the potent preclinical anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy of a cocktail therapy consisting of clinically used drugs, e.g. colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) or bismuth subsalicylate (BSS), and N -acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Oral administration of the cocktail reduced viral loads in the lung and ameliorated virus-induced pneumonia in a hamster infection model. The mechanistic studies showed that NAC prevented the hydrolysis of bismuth drugs at gastric pH via the formation of the stable component [Bi(NAC)
3 ], and optimized the pharmacokinetics profile of CBS in vivo . Combination of bismuth drugs with NAC suppressed the replication of a panel of medically important coronaviruses including Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) with broad-spectrum inhibitory activities towards key viral cysteine enzymes/proteases including papain-like protease (PLpro ), main protease (Mpro ), helicase (Hel) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Importantly, our study offered a potential at-home treatment for combating SARS-CoV-2 and future coronavirus infections., Competing Interests: H. S., K.-Y. Y., S. Y., R. W., H. L., J. F.-W. C., T. C. and S. W. have a pending patent application related to this manuscript. J. F.-W. C. has received travel grants from Pfizer Corporation Hong Kong and Astellas Pharma Hong Kong Corporation Limited and was an invited speaker for Gilead Sciences Hong Kong Limited and Luminex Corporation. The other authors declare no competing interests., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)- Published
- 2021
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611. Lipidomic, Transcriptomic, and BSA-660K Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Profiling Reveal Characteristics of the Cuticular Wax in Wheat.
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Zheng J, Yang C, Zheng X, Yan S, Qu F, Zhao J, and Pei Y
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Plant epidermal wax helps protect plants from adverse environmental conditions, maintains the function of tissues and organs, and ensures normal plant development. However, the constituents of epidermal wax and the regulatory mechanism of their biosynthesis in wheat have not been fully understood. Wheat varieties with different wax content, Jinmai47 and Jinmai84, were selected to comparatively analyze their waxy components and genetic characteristics, using a combination of lipidomic, transcriptomic, and BSA-Wheat 660K chip analysis. Through lipidomic analysis, 1287 lipid molecules were identified representing 31 lipid subclasses. Among these, Diacylglycerols (DG), (O-acyl)-ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFA), wax ester (WE), Triacylglycerols (TG), and Monoradylglycerols (MG) accounted for 96.4% of the total lipids in Jinmai84 and 94.5% in Jinmai47. DG, OAHFA, and WE were higher in Jinmai84 than in Jinmai47 with the content of OAHFA 2.88-fold greater and DG 1.66-fold greater. Transcriptome sequence and bioinformatics analysis revealed 63 differentially expressed genes related to wax biosynthesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved with the OAHFA, DG, and MG of synthesis pathways, which enriched the wax metabolism pathway. Non-glaucous and glaucous bulks from a mapping population were used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) via 660K chip analysis. Two loci centered on chromosomes 2D and 4B were detected and the locus on 4B is likely novel. These data improve understanding of complex lipid metabolism for cuticular wax biosynthesis in wheat and lay the foundation for future detailed investigation of mechanisms regulating wax metabolism., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Zheng, Yang, Zheng, Yan, Qu, Zhao and Pei.)
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- 2021
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612. Connectivity-Based Topographical Changes of the Corpus Callosum During Aging.
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Liu Y, Hsu CH, Huang CC, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Tsai SJ, Chen LK, Lin CP, and Lo CZ
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Background: The corpus callosum (CC) is the most prominent white matter connection for interhemispheric information transfer. It is implicated in a variety of cognitive functions, which tend to decline with age. The region-specific projections of the fiber bundles with microstructural heterogeneity of the CC are associated with cognitive functions and diseases. However, how the CC is associated with the information transfer within functional networks and the connectivity changes during aging remain unclear. Studying the CC topography helps to understand the functional specialization and age-related changes of CC subregions. Methods: Diffusion tractography was used to subdivide the CC into seven subregions from 1,086 healthy volunteers within a wide age range (21-90 years), based on the connections to the cortical parcellations of the functional networks. Quantitative diffusion indices and connection probability were calculated to study the microstructure differences and age-related changes in the CC subregions. Results: According to the population-based probabilistic topography of the CC, part of the default mode network (DMN) and limbic network (LN) projected fibers through the genu and rostrum; the frontoparietal network (FPN), ventral attention network (VA) and somatomotor networks (SM) were interconnected by the CC body; callosal fibers arising from the part of the default mode network (DMN), dorsal attention network (DA) and visual network (VIS) passed through the splenium. Anterior CC subregions interconnecting DMN, LN, FPN, VA, and SM showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) than posterior CC subregions interconnecting DA and VIS. All the CC subregions showed slightly increasing FA and decreasing MD, RD, and axial diffusivity (AD) at younger ages and opposite trends at older ages. Besides, the anterior CC subregions exhibited larger microstructural and connectivity changes compared with the posterior CC subregions during aging. Conclusion: This study revealed the callosal subregions related to functional networks and uncovered an overall "anterior-to-posterior" region-specific changing trend during aging, which provides a baseline to identify the presence and timing of callosal connection states., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Liu, Hsu, Huang, Zhang, Zhao, Tsai, Chen, Lin and Lo.)
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- 2021
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613. Observation on the Effect of Bone Grafting Alone and Guided Tissue Regeneration Combined with Bone Grafting to Repair Periodontal Intraosseous Defects.
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Yuan Y, Zhao J, and He N
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Objective: To investigate the curative effect of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with bone grafting and improve the aesthetic appearance of patients' gingiva., Methods: A total of 86 patients with periodontal intraosseous defects were selected from February 2019 to February 2021. All the patients were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table, with 43 patients in each group. Bone grafting was performed in the control group, while GTR was additionally used in the observation group on the basis of the control group. The surgical data and follow-up data were collected and organized. The alveolar bone mineral density, the change in the height of the bone defect, plaque index (PLI), sulcus hemorrhage index (SBI), PD, gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and other relevant data of the two groups in 6 months before and after surgery were compared. Six months after surgery, the cosmetic morphology of the patient's gums in the soft tissues around her teeth was evaluated., Results: Six months after surgery, the alveolar bone density of patients in two groups increased compared with that before surgery, and the height of the bone defect decreased compared with that before surgery. The alveolar bone density of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the height of the bone defect was lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, the PLI, SBI, PD, and CAL of patients in both groups were lower than those before surgery, while the GR was higher than that before surgery. PD and CAL values in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and GR was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, there was no significant difference in PLI and SBI scores between the two groups ( P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, the gingival cosmetic scores of the two groups of patients were higher than those before surgery. The observation group was higher than the control group ( P < 0.05)., Conclusion: GTR combined with bone grafting has a good effect in the repair of periodontal intraosseous defects and can effectively promote the reconstruction and recovery of periodontal intraosseous defects in patients. At the same time, it can significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of patients' gums, with good clinical application value., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Yongping Yuan et al.)
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- 2021
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614. Oat β-glucan alleviates DSS-induced colitis via regulating gut microbiota metabolism in mice.
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Bai J, Zhao J, Al-Ansi W, Wang J, Xue L, Liu J, Wang Y, Fan M, Qian H, Li Y, and Wang L
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- Animals, Dextran Sulfate, Disease Models, Animal, Functional Food, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, beta-Glucans administration & dosage, beta-Glucans pharmacology, Avena, Colitis, Ulcerative prevention & control, beta-Glucans therapeutic use
- Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) worldwide, while oat β-glucan has been shown to suppress the progress of colitis in UC mice. However, the underlying mechanism of oat β-glucan in ameliorating colitis is unclear and the role of gut microbiota in the protective effect of oat β-glucan against colitis remains unknown. In the present study, we aim to investigate the effect of oat β-glucan on gut microbiota in colitis mice and explore the health effect related mechanism. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce the colitis model in mice. The results showed that β-glucan treatment attenuated hematochezia, splenomegaly and colon shortening in colitis mice. Histological evaluation of H&E and TUNEL staining showed that β-glucan treatment suppressed DSS-induced colonic inflammatory infiltration and reduced cell apoptosis levels of colon tissues. mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory factors were also significantly reduced in the β-glucan group. Moreover, β-glucan treatment increased the protein and mRNA expression levels of tight junction proteins. Analysis of gut microbiota community showed that β-glucan treatment modulated gut microbial composition and structure at the OTU level in colitis mice. Further analysis of gut microbial metabolism revealed that β-glucan treatment significantly increased acetate, propionate and butyrate concentrations, and affected microbial metabolome in colitis mice. Notably, the increased acetate and propionate concentrations could directly affect pro-inflammatory factor expression levels and tight junction protein levels. In contrast, the changes in metabolic profiles affected pro-inflammatory factor levels and thus affected tight junction protein levels. Overall, our study revealed that oat β-glucan ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice simultaneously through regulating gut-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial metabolic biomarkers. Our study demonstrated that oat β-glucan could be an effective nutritional intervention strategy towards targeting gut microbiota metabolism for ameliorating colitis.
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- 2021
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615. Comparative study of the reorganization in bilateral motor and sensory cortices after spinal cord hemisection in mice.
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Deng J, Xie H, Chen Y, Peng Z, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Chen C, and Zhang K
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- Animals, Dendritic Spines physiology, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Recovery of Function physiology, Spinal Cord physiopathology, Motor Cortex physiopathology, Neuronal Plasticity physiology, Neurons physiology, Somatosensory Cortex physiopathology, Spinal Cord Injuries physiopathology
- Abstract
Objective: The effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) on sensorimotor cortex plasticity have not been well studied. Therefore, to explore the reorganization after SCI, we dynamically monitored postsynaptic dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons in vivo., Methods: Thy1-YFP transgenic mice were randomly divided into two groups: the control and SCI group. We then opened the spinal vertebral plates of all mice and sectioned one-half of the spinal cord in SCI group. The relevant areas were imaged bilaterally at 0, 3, 14 and 28 days post-SCI. The rates of elimination, formation and stable spines were evaluated., Results: At the early stage, the rate of stable and elimination spines experienced a similar change trend. But the rate of formation spines in the contralateral sensory cortex was significantly increased after SCI compared with those in the control group. At the late stage, spines of three types remodeled very differently between the sensory and motor cortex. Compared with those in the control group, spines in the bilateral sensory cortex demonstrated obvious differences in the rate of stable and elimination spines but not formation spines, while spines in the motor cortex, especially in the contralateral cortex increased significantly in the rate of formation after SCI. As for survival rate, differences mainly appeared in time frame instead of cortex type or region., Conclusions: The dendritic spines in hindlimb representation area of the sensorimotor cortex experienced bilaterally remodeling after SCI. And those spines in the sensory and motor cortex experienced great but different change trends after SCI., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
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- 2021
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616. Platelet-Rich Plasma Induces Autophagy and Promotes Regeneration in Human Dental Pulp Cells.
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Xu H, Xu F, Zhao J, Zhou C, and Liu J
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Regenerative endodontic procedures using autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can improve the biologic outcome of treatment. However, its mechanism of action on improving pulp regeneration is not fully elucidated. Autophagy was recently shown to be related to tissue repair and osteogenesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of PRP in dental pulp regeneration and to elucidate the role of autophagy involved in this process. Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) were isolated from healthy dental pulp and co-cultured with an increasing concentration of PRP. Cellular migration and proliferation were determined by scratch assay, transwell assay, and cell-counting kit 8 assay. Osteogenic differentiation was clarified by using alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure the gene expression levels of alkaline phosphatase, collagen-1, osteocalcin, dentin matrix protein 1, and dentin sialophosphoprotein. Autophagic bodies were observed by transmission electron microscopy and the expression of autophagy marker light chain 3B (LC3B) was determined by immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA and protein expression level of LC3B and Beclin-1 were quantified by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The effect of PRP on cellular migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation was further investigated in the milieu of autophagy activator, rapamycin, and inhibitor, 3-methyladenine. Results showed that PRP promoted cell migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Autophagic bodies were strongly activated and the expression level of LC3B and Beclin-1 was significantly promoted by PRP. Autophagy inhibition suppressed PRP-induced hDPCs migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, whereas autophagy activator substantially augmented PRP-stimulated migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Taken together, these findings suggested that PRP could effectively promote regenerative potentials associated with autophagy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Xu, Xu, Zhao, Zhou and Liu.)
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- 2021
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617. Insights Into Walnut Lipid Metabolism From Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis.
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Yan S, Wang X, Yang C, Wang J, Wang Y, Wu B, Qiao L, Zhao J, Mohammad P, Zheng X, Xu J, Zhi H, and Zheng J
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Walnut oil is an excellent source of essential fatty acids. Systematic evaluation of walnut lipids has significance for the development of the nutritional and functional value of walnut. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS) was used to characterize the lipids of walnut. A total of 525 lipids were detected and triacylglycerols (TG) (18:2/18:2/18:3) and diacylglycerols (DG) (18:2/18:2) were the main glycerolipids present. Essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid, were the main DG and TG fatty acid chains. Many types of phospholipids were observed with phosphatidic acid being present in the highest concentration (5.58%). Using a combination of metabolome and transcriptome analysis, the present study mapped the main lipid metabolism pathway in walnut. These results may provide a theoretical basis for further study and specific gene targets to enable the development of walnut with increased oil content and modified fatty acid composition., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Yan, Wang, Yang, Wang, Wang, Wu, Qiao, Zhao, Mohammad, Zheng, Xu, Zhi and Zheng.)
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- 2021
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618. Comparative Analysis of Genomic and Transcriptome Sequences Reveals Divergent Patterns of Codon Bias in Wheat and Its Ancestor Species.
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Yang C, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Zhao J, Qiao L, Wu B, Yan S, Zheng J, and Zheng X
- Abstract
The synonymous codons usage shows a characteristic pattern of preference in each organism. This codon usage bias is thought to have evolved for efficient protein synthesis. Synonymous codon usage was studied in genes of the hexaploid wheat Triticum aestivum (AABBDD) and its progenitor species, Triticum urartu (AA), Aegilops tauschii (DD), and Triticum turgidum (AABB). Triticum aestivum exhibited stronger usage bias for G/C-ending codons than did the three progenitor species, and this bias was especially higher compared to T. turgidum and Ae. tauschii . High GC content is a primary factor influencing codon usage in T. aestivum . Neutrality analysis showed a significant positive correlation ( p <0.001) between GC12 and GC3 in the four species with regression line slopes near zero (0.16-0.20), suggesting that the effect of mutation on codon usage was only 16-20%. The GC3s values of genes were associated with gene length and distribution density within chromosomes. tRNA abundance data indicated that codon preference corresponded to the relative abundance of isoaccepting tRNAs in the four species. Both mutation and selection have affected synonymous codon usage in hexaploid wheat and its progenitor species. GO enrichment showed that GC biased genes were commonly enriched in physiological processes such as photosynthesis and response to acid chemical. In some certain gene families with important functions, the codon usage of small parts of genes has changed during the evolution process of T. aestivum ., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Yang, Zhao, Wang, Zhao, Qiao, Wu, Yan, Zheng and Zheng.)
- Published
- 2021
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619. Influence of periodontal repair on the quality of prosthodontics and postoperative adverse events.
- Author
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Zhong L, Hu Y, Zhao J, and Tong Y
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of periodontal repair on the oral cavity and postoperative adverse events., Methods: From June 2017 to June 2019, 96 patients with prosthodontics were selected as the research participants. According to the intervention scheme, the patients were grouped into the observation group (OG, 51 cases with periodontal repair combined with prosthodontics) and the control group (CG, 45 cases with prosthodontics). The curative effect, repair quality, masticatory function, language function, adverse reactions, quality of life (QOL) and treatment satisfaction of the two groups were evaluated and compared., Results: The curative effect, repair quality, recovery of masticatory function and language function of patients in the OG were significantly better than those in the CG (P<0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions in the OG was significantly lower than that in the CG (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Prosthodontics before periodontal repair can effectively improve the curative effect of prosthodontics, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, improve patients' QOL, and improve patients' satisfaction, so it is worth popularizing in clinic., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
620. Estimation model and its trade-off strategy of Mangifera persiciforma Colletotrichum gloeosporioides degree based on leaf reflection spectrum.
- Author
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Zhu J, Cao Y, Yao J, He W, Guo X, Zhao J, Xu Q, Zhang X, and Xu C
- Subjects
- Plant Leaves, Spectrum Analysis, Colletotrichum, Mangifera
- Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most common and serious fungal diseases of the tree Mangifera persiciforma. Yet we lack an effective method to evaluate this ecological interaction accurately. Here, we measured the functional traits and leaf reflectance spectrum of the host plants under different disease degrees. The findings provide a fast and efficient method for large-scale and high-precision monitoring of C. gloeosporioides in M. persiciforma stands. Using the collected leaf reflection data, we set up a prediction model of the optimal disease degree. Firstly, we found that leaf functional traits of M. persiciforma generally consisted of low leaf thickness, low relative chlorophyll content, small specific leaf area, high leaf tissue density, high dry matter content, low stomatal density, and large stomatal area. Secondly, leaf reflectivity increases with damage of C. gloeosporioides, which corresponds to five main reflection peaks and five absorption valleys in the spectral reflectance curve of leaves at the same positions (350-1800 nm). Thirdly, with the increase of infection degree, red edge slope and yellow edge slope decrease, while green peak reflectance, red valley reflectance, and blue edge slope all increase. Blue shift was detected in the red edge, green peak, and red valley, while red shift appeared at the blue edge and yellow edge. Finally, the best predictive model was that based on green peak reflectance (y=3.6396-0.0693x, R
2 =0.5149, RMSE [root-mean-square error] =0.2735), with an R2 =0.92 and RMSE=0.0042 between its predicted vs. observed values. Because of its high inversion accuracy, the model can be used to predict the invasion conditions of M. persiciforma by C. gloeosporioides. Our study demonstrated that when plants are infected by C. gloeosporioides, there was a strong trade-off relationship between leaf functional traits. On the global leaf economics spectrum, the leaves tended toward the "slow investment-return" end when infected by C. gloeosporioides., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2021
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621. Symmetric Pearcey Gaussian beams.
- Author
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Wu Y, Zhao J, Lin Z, Huang H, Xu C, Liu Y, Chen K, Fu X, Qiu H, Liu H, Wang G, Yang X, Deng D, and Shui L
- Abstract
In this Letter, a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of autofocusing and symmetric beam arisen from two quartic spectral phases is introduced in theory and experiment. The symmetric Pearcey Gaussian beam (SPGB), formed with a Gaussian term and two multiplying Pearcey integrals, processes a focusing intensity approximately 1.32 times stronger than the intensity of the symmetric Airy beam. Its four off-axis main lobes split into four bending trajectories symmetrically after focusing. The rectangular intensity distribution and the focal length of the SPGB can be adjusted by two kinds of distribution factors. Additionally, the vortex-guiding property of the beam is demonstrated by embedding an off-axis vortex into the SPGB, which can be applied in particle guiding.
- Published
- 2021
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622. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and characterization of oral symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
- Author
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Chen L, Zhao J, Peng J, Li X, Deng X, Geng Z, Shen Z, Guo F, Zhang Q, Jin Y, Wang L, and Wang S
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 metabolism, COVID-19 diagnosis, SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, Saliva virology
- Abstract
Objectives: In order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on oral health and possible saliva transmission, we performed RNA-seq profiles analysis from public databases and also a questionnaire survey on oral-related symptoms of COVID-19 patients., Materials and Methods: To analyse ACE2 expression in salivary glands, bulk RNA-seq profiles from four public datasets including 31 COVID-19 patients were recruited. Saliva and oropharyngeal swabs were collected. SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids in saliva were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Additionally, a questionnaire survey on various oral symptoms such as dry mouth and amblygeustia was also carried out on COVID-19 patients., Results: ACE2 expression was present at detectable levels in the salivary glands. In addition, of four cases with positive detection of salivary SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids, three (75%) were critically ill on ventilator support. Furthermore, we observed the two major oral-related symptoms, dry mouth (46.3%) and amblygeustia (47.2%), were manifested by a relatively high proportion of 108 COVID-19 patients who accepted the questionnaire survey., Conclusions: This study confirms the expression of ACE2 in the salivary glands and demonstrates the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection of salivary glands. Saliva may be a new source of diagnostic specimens for critically ill patients, since it can be easily collected without any invasive procedures. In addition, dry mouth and amblygeustia can be considered as initial symptoms of COVID-19 infection., (© 2020 The Authors. Cell Proliferation Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
623. [Relationship between rs2282679 gene locus polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency in college students].
- Author
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Tian Y, Xiang X, Ying X, Li D, Zhao J, Zhang Z, and Li Q
- Subjects
- Genotype, Humans, Students, Vitamin D, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Vitamin D Deficiency genetics, Vitamin D-Binding Protein genetics
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D binding protein gene rs2282679 A/C polymorphism with blood vitamin D levels., Methods: A total of 286 eligible subjects were selected from one university in Hebei Province. Serum 25-hydroxylated vitamin D levels were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and gene chip was used for genotyping of rs2282679 locus. Statistical analysis was performed using R software., Results: A total of 285 participants in the study completed the experiment, and result indicated that the distribution of the rs2282679 locus A/C polymorphism in the participants was consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotype of rs2282679 was significantly associated with serum vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency(P=0. 031). Allele A was a risk factor for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. The OR value of allele C relative to A was 0. 65, and the genetic pattern of allele C relative to A was dominant(P=0. 03)., Conclusion: The vitamin D-binding protein gene rs2282679 was significantly associated with serum vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in college students, and A-allele is a risk factor accounting for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in college students.
- Published
- 2020
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624. Porphyromonas gingivalis disrupts vascular endothelial homeostasis in a TLR-NF-κB axis dependent manner.
- Author
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Xie M, Tang Q, Yu S, Sun J, Mei F, Zhao J, and Chen L
- Subjects
- Endothelial Cells metabolism, Homeostasis, Signal Transduction, NF-kappa B metabolism, Porphyromonas gingivalis metabolism
- Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is viewed as the initial step of most cardiovascular diseases. Many studies have indicated that periodontal pathogens, especially Porphyromonas gingivalis, are closely correlated with vascular endothelial homeostasis, but the function of P. gingivalis and the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. To illuminate the effects and elucidate the mechanisms of P. gingivalis on endothelial structural integrity, we developed P. gingivalis infection models in vivo and in vitro. Endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis were detected. Here, we showed that P. gingivalis can impair endothelial integrity by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing endothelial mesenchymal transformation and apoptosis of endothelial cells, which reduce the cell levels and cause the endothelium to lose its ability to repair itself. A mechanistic analysis showed that TLR antagonist or NF-κB signalling inhibitor can largely rescue the damaged integrity of the endothelium caused by P. gingivalis, suggesting that TLR-NF-κB signalling plays a vital role in vascular endothelial homeostasis destroyed by P. gingivalis. These results suggest a potential intervention method for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
- Published
- 2020
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625. Bmal1 Regulates Coagulation Factor Biosynthesis in Mouse Liver in Streptococcus oralis Infection.
- Author
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Chen L, Li S, Nie J, Zhao J, Yu S, Li Y, and Peng J
- Subjects
- Animals, Blood Coagulation, Blood Coagulation Factors, Liver, Mice, ARNTL Transcription Factors genetics, Streptococcus oralis
- Abstract
Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis ) has been recognized as a fatal pathogen to cause multiorgan failure by contributing to the formation of microthrombus. Coagulation and fibrinolysis systems have been found under the control of circadian clock genes. This study aimed to explore the correlation between BMAL1 and coagulation factor biosynthesis in S. oralis infection. Mice were administered S. oralis to induce sepsis, and HepG2 cells were also infected by S. oralis . The expression of BMAL1 of hepatocytes was downregulated in the S. oralis infection group, leading to the downregulation of coagulation factor VII (FVII) and the upregulation of the coagulation factor XII (FXII) in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, we confirmed that the deficiency of BAML1 contributed to the elevation of FVII and the decline in FXII by constructing BMAL1-deficiency ( Bmal1
-/- ) mice. The current result showed that BMAL1 regulates FVII directly. Thus, a novel insight into the coagulation abnormality in S. oralis infection was gained that may optimize the treatment of sepsis by rescuing the expression of BMAL1 in the liver., (Copyright © 2020 Chen, Li, Nie, Zhao, Yu, Li and Peng.)- Published
- 2020
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626. Effects of HMW-GSs on quality related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different water regimes.
- Author
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Zhao J, Zheng X, Qiao L, Ge C, Wu B, Zhang S, Qiao L, Feng Z, and Zheng J
- Subjects
- Agricultural Irrigation methods, Bread standards, China, Flour standards, Genes, Plant genetics, Genetic Loci, Glutens metabolism, Haploidy, Molecular Weight, Protein Subunits chemistry, Triticum genetics, Triticum growth & development, Food Quality, Glutens genetics, Plant Breeding, Protein Subunits genetics, Triticum chemistry
- Abstract
Alleles at the Glu-1 loci play important roles in the functional properties of wheat flour. The effects of various high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) compositions on quality traits and bread-making properties were evaluated using 235 doubled haploid lines (DHs). The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with two water regimes as the main plot treatment, and DH lines as the subplot treatments. Results showed that the presence of subunit pair 5+10 at the Glu-D1 locus, either alone or in combination with others, appears to provide an improvement in quality and bread-making properties. At the Glu-A1 locus, subunit 1 produced a higher Zeleny sedimentation value (Zel) and stretch area (SA) than subunit 2* when subunits 14+15 and 5+10 were expressed at the Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, and 2* had a positive effect on the maximum dough resistance (Rmax) when subunits 14+15 and 5'+12 were expressed at the Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, respectively. Given subunit 1 at the Glu-A1 locus and 5'+12 at the Glu-D1 locus, the effects of Glu-B1 subunits 14+15 on the tractility (Tra), dough stability time (ST), and dough development time (DT) under the well-watered regime were significantly higher than those of Glu-B1 subunits 13+16. However, 13+16 had a positive effect on SA under the rain-fed regime when subunits 2* and 5+10 were expressed at the Glu-A1 and Glu-D1 loci, respectively. Multiple comparisons analysis revealed that the Zel and Rmax of the six subunits and eight HMW-GS compositions were stable under different water regimes. Overall, subunit compositions 1, 13+16 and 5+10 and 1, 14+15 and 5+10 had higher values for quality traits and bread-baking properties under the two water regimes. These results could play a positive guiding role in selecting and popularizing varieties suitable for production and cultivation in local areas., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2020
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627. A role for PFKFB3 /iPFK2 in metformin suppression of adipocyte inflammatory responses.
- Author
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Qi T, Chen Y, Li H, Pei Y, Woo SL, Guo X, Zhao J, Qian X, Awika J, Huo Y, and Wu C
- Subjects
- 3T3-L1 Cells, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases immunology, Adipocytes cytology, Adipocytes immunology, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Gene Expression Regulation, Inflammation, Interleukin-1beta genetics, Interleukin-1beta immunology, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, MAP Kinase Kinase 4 genetics, MAP Kinase Kinase 4 immunology, Mice, Phosphofructokinase-2 deficiency, Phosphofructokinase-2 immunology, Phosphorylation drug effects, Signal Transduction, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha genetics, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases genetics, Adipocytes drug effects, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology, Lipopolysaccharides antagonists & inhibitors, Metformin pharmacology, Phosphofructokinase-2 genetics
- Abstract
Metformin improves obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation, but has controversial effects on adipose tissue inflammation. The objective of the study is to examine the direct effect of metformin on adipocyte inflammatory responses and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adipocytes were differentiated from 3T3-L1 cells and treated with metformin at various doses and for different time periods. The treated cells were examined for the proinflammatory responses, as well as the phosphorylation states of AMPK and the expression of PFKFB3 /iPFK2. In addition, PFKFB3 /iPFK2-knockdown adipocytes were treated with metformin and examined for changes in the proinflammatory responses. The following results were obtained from the study. Treatment of adipocytes with metformin decreased the effects of lipopolysaccharide on inducing the phosphorylation states of JNK p46 and on increasing the mRNA levels of IL-1β and TNFα. In addition, treatment with metformin increased the expression of PFKFB3 /iPFK2, but failed to significantly alter the phosphorylation states of AMPK. In PFKFB3 /iPFK2-knockdown adipocytes, treatment with metformin did not suppress the proinflammatory responses as did it in control adipocytes. In conclusion, metformin has a direct effect on suppressing adipocyte proinflammatory responses in an AMPK-independent manner. Also, metformin increases adipocyte expression of PFKFB3 /iPFK2, which is involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of metformin., (© 2017 Society for Endocrinology.)
- Published
- 2017
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628. [Correlation between gastrointestinal dysfunction and both severity and prognosis in patients suffering from heatstroke].
- Author
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Miao L, Song Q, Liu H, Zhou F, Kang H, Pan L, Hu J, Chen J, Zhang T, Wu Z, Zhao J, and Zhou J
- Subjects
- China, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Prognosis, Respiration, Artificial, Retrospective Studies, APACHE, Gastrointestinal Diseases diagnosis, Heat Stroke diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between gastrointestinal dysfunction and both severity and prognosis in patients with heatstroke ( HS )., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted. Clinical data from 39 patients with HS seeking for treatment in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2013 to September 2014 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: gastrointestinal dysfunction group and non-gastrointestinal dysfunction group. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II ( APACHEII) score within 24 hours of admission and 28-day mortality were compared between two groups. In gastrointestinal dysfunction group, the gastrointestinal dysfunction score, the duration days of gastrointestinal dysfunction, the length of intensive care unit ( ICU ) stay, and the duration of mechanical ventilation were collected. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between gastrointestinal function and the severity of the ailment as well as the prognosis., Results: Among 39 patients with HS, 32 of them showed gastrointestinal dysfunction with an incidence of 82.05%. In gastrointestinal dysfunction group, the gastrointestinal dysfunction score was 2.3±0.8, the duration of gastrointestinal dysfunction was ( 17.3±15.2 ) days, the length of ICU stay was ( 37.8±25.0 ) days, and the duration of mechanical ventilation was ( 27.8±14.0 ) days. APACHEII score in gastrointestinal dysfunction group was significantly higher than that of the non-gastrointestinal dysfunction group ( 26.30±6.00 vs. 17.40±6.00, t = 3.555, P = 0.001 ). The 28-day mortality in gastrointestinal dysfunction group was slightly higher than that of the non-gastrointestinal dysfunction group without statistically significant difference [ 43.75% ( 14/32 ) vs. 14.29% ( 1/7 ), P = 0.216 ]. It was shown by Pearson analysis that gastrointestinal dysfunction score was positively correlated with APACHEII score ( r = 0.727, P = 0.000 ), and the duration of gastrointestinal dysfunction was positively correlated with the length of ICU stay ( r = 0.797, P = 0.000 ) and the duration of mechanical ventilation ( r = 0.634, P = 0.000 )., Conclusions: The results suggest that gastrointestinal function in patients with HS reflects the severity and prognosis of the ailment.
- Published
- 2015
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629. The effects of macrophage-stimulating protein on the migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis of skin fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo.
- Author
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Zhao J, Hu L, Gong N, Tang Q, Du L, and Chen L
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Shape drug effects, Collagen genetics, Fibroblasts drug effects, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Keratinocytes cytology, Keratinocytes drug effects, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 genetics, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 metabolism, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Vimentin metabolism, Wound Healing drug effects, Young Adult, Cell Movement drug effects, Collagen biosynthesis, Fibroblasts cytology, Hepatocyte Growth Factor pharmacology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins pharmacology, Skin cytology
- Abstract
Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), an important cytokine with multiple functions, is highly expressed in adipose-derived stem cells-conditioned medium (ASC-CM). ASCs can effectively promote wound healing through paracrine mechanism, suggesting that MSP may play a critical role in wound healing. Through binding to its receptor, RON (Receptuerd'OrigineNantaise, also called macrophage stimulation 1 receptor; MST1R), it can activate epithelial cells and work as an inflammatory mediator. In this study, we found RON was also expressed on dermal fibroblasts and investigated the effects of MSP on proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis of fibroblasts. With the treatment of different concentrations of MSP (0, 1, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ng/mL) on fibroblasts, proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Under the treatment of MSP, the migration, Collagen I, III synthesis, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) mRNA expression of fibroblasts were upregulated significantly, although there was no effect on fibroblasts proliferation, and the optimal concentration of MSP for migration and collagen synthesis was 10 ng/mL. In the in vivo study, 10 ng/mL MSP was applied to full-thickness skin wound with bacterial cellulose membranes, and this treatment could accelerate the wound healing rate and increased the collagen synthesis of wound sites. This study suggested that MSP appears to promote the migration of fibroblasts, enhances collagen synthesis and remodeling, and effectively improves wound healing.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
630. In vitro cytotoxicity of guttaflow 2 on human gingival fibroblasts.
- Author
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Mandal P, Zhao J, Sah SK, Huang Y, and Liu J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aluminum Compounds toxicity, Biocompatible Materials toxicity, Calcium Compounds toxicity, Cell Count, Cell Survival drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Composite Resins toxicity, Drug Combinations, Epoxy Resins toxicity, Gingiva cytology, Humans, Materials Testing, Oxides toxicity, Silicates toxicity, Time Factors, Young Adult, Dimethylpolysiloxanes toxicity, Fibroblasts drug effects, Gingiva drug effects, Gutta-Percha toxicity, Root Canal Filling Materials toxicity
- Abstract
Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of GuttaFlow 2 (Coltène Whaledent, GmBH+Co KG, Langenau, Switzerland) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs)., Methods: Samples of the test materials GuttaFlow 2, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany), and RealSeal sealer (SybronEndo, Orange, CA) were fabricated in cylindrical nonreactive plastic tubes of 3-mm diameter and 2-mm height. Extracts of freshly mixed and set samples were prepared using the ratio of 0.5 cm(2)/mL, 1 cm(2)/mL, and 1.5 cm(2)/mL according to ISO 10993 series. The extracts were incubated with HGF cells for 24 and 72 hours. A cell counting kit-8 assay (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) assay was used to examine cytotoxicity. The results were analyzed with the independent t test and 1-way analysis of variance test (P < .05)., Results: At all experimental conditions, the extracts of freshly mixed GuttaFlow 2 were nontoxic, whereas the extracts of freshly mixed and set AH Plus and RealSeal sealers were toxic to HGF cells (P < .05). The extracts of set GuttaFlow 2 were toxic at 72 hours (P < .05) and nontoxic at 24 hours. The extracts of freshly mixed MTA were nontoxic at both time points. For the extracts of set MTA, 1.5 cm(2)/mL was toxic at 72 hours and 1.5 cm(2)/mL and 1 cm(2)/mL were toxic at 24 hours (P < .05)., Conclusions: Both GuttaFlow 2 and MTA evoked a less toxic response to HGF cells than AH Plus and RealSeal sealer., (Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
631. [BRCA1 inhibits progesterone-induced proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells].
- Author
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Xiong J, Zhao J, Peng L, Wang H, and Liang W
- Subjects
- Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, Female, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Progesterone pharmacology, RNA, Messenger genetics, Receptors, Progesterone antagonists & inhibitors, Transfection, BRCA1 Protein metabolism, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Cell Movement drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects
- Abstract
Objective: To study the effect of BRCA1 in regulating the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells stimulated by progesterone., Methods: Breast cancer MCF-7 and T-47D cell were transfected with a vector containing the coding sequence of BRCA1 (pFlag-CMV2-BRCA1 wt) to induce BRCA1 overexpression or with the empty vector (control). The cells were then stimulated with progesterone, and the cell proliferation and migration were observed using MTT assay and wound healing assay, respectively. The proliferation and migration of MCF-7 cells were also observed following transfection with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) for BRCA1 knockdown or with a scrambled siRNA prior to progesterone stimulation., Results: Transfection with the empty vector and with pFlag-CMV2-BRCA1 wt prior to progesterone stimulation caused significantly different proliferation rates in MCF-7 cells [(114.4∓6.0)% vs (82.1∓3.2)%, P<0.05] and in T-47D cells [(111.3∓4.3)% vs (84.2∓3.5)%, P<0.05], resulting also in significantly different cell migration rates (55.9% vs 15.8% in MCF-7 cells and 44.83% vs 10.43% in T-47D cells). Compared to the scrambled siRNA, BRCA1 siRNA transfection prior to progesterone stimulation significantly increased the proliferation rates [(114.4∓3.05)% vs (125.3∓4.0)%, P<0.05] and migration rate (39.2% vs 69.08%) of MCF-7 cells. The progesterone antagonist RU468 could antagonize the effects of BRCA1 knockdown in enhancing progesterone-stimulated MCF-7 cell proliferation and migration., Conclusion: A decreased BRCA1 expression can enhance progesterone-stimulated tumor cell proliferation and migration in sporadic breast cancer.
- Published
- 2012
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