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This is collection of papers prepared for the post-graduate course of the same title. The following issues are elaborated: impact of identity on local development and democracy (T.Verhelst) ; comparison of understandings of Balkans and Southeast Europe (N. Švob-Đokić) ; regional cultural cooperation (N. Obuljen)regional cultural cooperation in the context of political developments in Central and Southeast Europe (M. Hafner) ; mapping contemporary Yugoslav art (M. Dragičević-Šešić) ; languages with(out)frontiers (D. Škiljan) ; mediating identity (D. Kolar-Panov) ; immigrant groups from Southeast Europe in Trieste (M. Richter-Malabotta) ; cultural imports and cultural identities (L.Kurti). Three students discuss: personal identity among the young populations (S. Rucker) ; the prevailing Type of identity among the young people in Bulgaria (E. Kavalski) and the young Croatians' identity (A.Kosić).

Ključna nacionalnosigurnosna pitanja u Republici Sloveniji (RS) na početku novog tisućljeća su sprječavanje eskalacije novih sigurnosnih prijetnji, formiranje sodobnih i malih oružanih snaga, kohezivnog obrambenog i nacionalnosigurnosnog sustava i efikasnog sustava kriznog upravljanja. U složenoj međunarodnoj okolini nijedna zemlja, pa ni Slovenija, nije izuzetak, može zaista efikasno dovršavati svoju nacionalnu sigurnost samo kroz međunarodne integracije kao što su NATO, EU, OSCE, UN i slično. Zbog toga se trenutno Slovenija suočava također s pitanjima potencijalnog članstva u NATO-u i EU, pa i s kandidaturom za predsjedavajuću zemlju OSSE-a u 2005. godini. U ovom članku će biti predstavljena imenovana nacionalnosigurnosna pitanja u svjetlu širokog spektra aktivnosti pridružavanja NATO-u. Da bismo razumjeli slovensku želju za članstvom u NATO-u i dileme povezane s tim, potrebno je prvo predstaviti nekoliko aspekata ugroženosti nacionalne sigurnosti RS., The key national security issues in the Republic of Slovenia (RS) at the beginning of the new millennium are prevention of the escalation of new security threats, the formation of modern and small armed forces, a cohesive defence and national security system and an efficient crisis management system. In the complex international environment, no country, not even Slovenia, is an exception, it can effectively complete its national security only through international integrations such as NATO, EU, OSCE, UN and the like. Because of this, Slovenia is also currently facing the issues of potential membership in NATO and the EU, as well as its candidacy for the chairmanship of the OSCE in 2005. This article will present the designated national security issues in light of a wide range of accession activities to NATO. In order to understand Slovenia's desire for NATO membership and the dilemmas associated with it, it is necessary to first present several aspects that threaten the national security of the RS.

U fokusu priloga su muslimanske (manjinske) zajednice u zemljama jugoistočne Europe s naglaskom na suvremenim prilikama, posebno od pada komunizma i krize u bivšoj Jugoslaviji, uz uvažavanje sociohistorijskog konteksta. Ukazuje se na neke specifičnosti odnosa između većinske i manjinske populacije unutar pojedinih država te nastoje identificirati sociopolitički odnosno etnoreligijski faktori "odgovorni" za položaj muslimanskih manjina u dotičnim političkim zajednicama. U tom se smislu nameće i osnovno pitanje kakav je utjecaj islama danas, s obzirom na pozitivne promjene glede položaja religije od 1990-ih nadalje, ali i u kontekstu nedavnih ratnih sukoba i stradavanja muslimana u ovom dijelu Europe, odnosno pitanje suodnosa muslimanskog identiteta prema etničkom/nacionalnom među muslimanskim zajednicama regije? Nakon kraćeg uvoda slijede posebni prilozi o Albaniji, Bugarskoj, Grčkoj, Kosovu i Makedoniji. Tek komparacije radi, kratko se ukazuje na specifično iskustvo bosanskohercegovačkih muslimana u odnosu na druge muslimanske zajednice u balkanskim državama; pitanje položaja muslimanske, bošnjačke, manjine u Hrvatskoj dotiče se pak samo u napomeni., The article is focused on the Muslim (minority) communities in the countries of South-Eastern Europe with the emphasis on the contemporary conditions, especially after the fall of communism and the crisis in the former Yugoslavia, by taking into account the social and historical context. Some specific qualities in the relation between majority and minority population within certain countries we pointed out. The aim is as well to identify socio-political, i.e. ethno-religious factors "responsible" for the position of Muslim minorities in the relevant political communities. In this context the basic question arises about to what extent the influence of lslam is nowadays, considering positive changes as regards the position of religion from 1990s onward, but also in the context of the recent war clashes and sufferings of Muslims in this part of Europe. Namely, the question poses itself about the correlation of Muslim identity towards the ethnic/national among the Muslim communities in the region. After a short introduction, special reports follow on Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo and Macedonia. Just for the comparison, a short account is given on the specific experience of Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina with regards to other Muslim communities in Balka11 states; the issue about the position of Muslim, Bosniac, minority in Croatia is only touched upon in the note.

Promjene u koje stupa Hrvatska na ulasku u novo tisućljeće već je danas moguće definirati kao vrlo značajne. Odlazak autoritarnog Iidera, prestanak "jednostranačke demokracije" i jačanje svijesti o potrebi prihvaćanja europskih standarda življenja i ponašanja mogu se uzeti kao glavni putokazi novog razvitka, koji će u velikoj mjeri ovisiti i od uspješnosti hrvatske vanjske politike. Dosadašnja iskustva hrvatske vanjske politike kao i instrumenata njezine akcije diplomacije, treba pažIjivo analizirati i postaviti u skladu s hrvatskim nacionalnin interesom i željom većine hrvatskog stanovništva da Hrvatska što prije postane dio Europe., On the threshold of the new millennium, Croatia is facing important changes. The departure of an authoritarian leader, the termination of the "one-party democracy" and the emerging awareness of the necessity to adapt the European standards of living and acting are the major signs of the new development, which will greatly depend on the efficiency of Croatian foreign policies. The past experiences of the Croatian foreign policy and the instrument of its actions - the diplomacy should be carefully analysed and established in compliance with the Croatian national interests and the desire of the majority of the Croatia's citizens: to become the part of Europe as soon as possible.

The article deals with the importance of the Stability Pact for the international security and building of world peace and stability. Special emphasis is put on the role of Croatia.

After the vigorous engagement of the international community, which resulted in the Dayton Accord, Royamont Initiative, the EU’s Regional Approach, the SECI and, finally, the Stability Pact, it seems that the likeliness of new challenges to the security has been eliminated from Southeastern Europe. The involvement of a number of significant international factors, plus the presence of military forces in the Balkans – whether through SFOR, KFOR or NATO – should all lead us to the conclusion that a possible outbreak of larger conflicts is impossible; moreover, even some other forms of insecurity are almost totally under control. If the security of this region is to be compared to the situation in other parts of Europe, it can be said with certainty that the challenges to security will continue to have their local, as well as their universal foundations. This will make the demands of the international community and local forces – on condition they truly aspire towards Europe – much more dynamic and committed. Only by such systematic efforts will it be possible to overcome the existing situation and create the necessary pre-conditions for the integration of Southeast Europe into Europe proper.

Following the disintegration of the socialist system in Europe and the end of the bloc-based relations, American politics has changed the course of its operation. In present-day circumstances, southeast Europe is becoming increasingly prominent in American foreign-policy projections, particularly during Clinton’s administration. Clinton has defined a clear-cut policy towards Europe’s southeast due to its vicinity to certain neuralgic points of American engagement (Near East, the Caspian region, the Gulf, eastern Mediterranean). In this way American politics has proved its leading global role. At the time of scarcity of foreign-policy events, Clinton’s team has thus been served on a platter a major foreign-policy arena, in which its engagement – which has all the symptoms of a long-lasting one – has not proved too costly.

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Археолошки налази откривени последњих деценија на подручју југословенског Подунавља и у суседним областима скренули су на себе пажњу једном врстом материјала у коме се огледаjy врло јаке везе с културама кoje се током енеолита развијају у понтоко -степским областима.

Привредна експанзија нацистичке Немачке према јуугоистоку, интензивирана већ од доласка нациста на власт у овој земљи, представља осебујну претходницу у процесу опште пенетрације Рајха према овом сировинама богатом и стратегијски важном подручју Европе

Special Editions 33. Institute for Balkan Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Jош у априлу 1934, у једном значајном нацистичком програмском акту, Меморандуму Министра за пропаганду Pajxa, истакнута je мисао да кључ за остваривање yтицaja Немачке на ширем подручју jyгоисточнe Европе лежи у Београду. Тиме je недвоомислено наглашена улога и значај Југославије у решавању свих питања земаља и народа југоисточне Европе.

Белегиш култура је издвојена тек у новије време као посебна стилска, културна и временска појава средњег и позног бронзаног доба у југословенском Подунављу. Током дуге еволуције, она је прошла кроз две основне развојне фазе: старија,означена као Белегиш I са урнама украшении Schuner и лажним Schuner орнаментима, и млађа, Белегиш II, коју карактеришу урне украшене хоризонталним или вертикалним канелурама.

Peer-reviewed In this paper we analyse the economic effects of railway infrastructure at the national level for European countries as well as at the local level for Southeast European cities based on a novel railway database capturing decades of the 19th century up to the early 21th century. A panel fixed effects regression analysis at the country level indicates a positive economic impact emanating from railway infrastructure, whereby the e ect appears to be even stronger for less developed Southeast European countries. In addition, a linear spatially augmented multilevel model at the city level sheds light on the positive effects resulting from railway infrastructure on urban development. Its positive spillover effects occur within countries as well as across borders. En este artículo analizamos los efectos económicos de la infraestructura ferroviaria a nivel nacional para los países europeos y a nivel local para las ciudades del sudeste de Europa sobre la base de una nueva base de datos ferroviaria que capturó décadas del siglo XIX hasta comienzos del siglo XXI. Un panel de análisis de regresión de efectos fijos a nivel de país indica un impacto económico positivo que emana de la infraestructura ferroviaria, por lo que el efecto parece ser aún más fuerte para los países del sudeste de Europa menos desarrollados. Además, un modelo lineal multinivel aumentado en el espacio a nivel de ciudad arroja luz sobre los efectos positivos resultantes de la infraestructura ferroviaria en el desarrollo urbano. Sus efectos indirectos positivos ocurren tanto dentro de los países como a través de las fronteras. En aquest article analitzem els efectes econòmics de la infraestructura ferroviària a nivell nacional per als països europeus i a nivell local per a les ciutats del sud-est d'Europa sobre la base d'una nova base de dades ferroviària que va capturar dècades del segle XIX fins a començaments del segle XXI. Un panell d'anàlisi de regressió d'efectes fixos a nivell de país indica un impacte econòmic positiu que emana de la infraestructura ferroviària, per la qual cosa l'efecte sembla ser encara més fort per als països del sud-est d'Europa menys desenvolupats. A més, un model lineal multinivell augmentat a l'espai a nivell de ciutat llança llum sobre els efectes positius resultants de la infraestructura ferroviària en el desenvolupament urbà. Els seus efectes indirectes positius ocorren tant dins dels països com a través de les fronteres.

In this paper, I identify some examples of cultural clash that involve religion, review some proposed solutions to such clashes, and discuss whether religion in any sense can be part of that solution. I also provide some models of religion within the limits of democracy – models which, I suggest, are relevant to the democracies in Southeast Europe. In presenting these models, I claim that a fruitful approach is found in the recent work of the Canadian philosopher, Charles Taylor., U radu ću identificirati neke primjere kulturnih sukoba koji uključuju religiju, preispitati neka ponuđena rješenja takvih sukoba, i razmotriti može li religija u bilo kojem smislu biti dio tog rješenja. Također ću ponuditi neke modele religije unutar granica demokracije – modele za koje smatram da su relevantni za demokracije na jugoistoku Europe. U predstavljanju ovih modela, tvrdim da se plodonosan pristup može pronaći u recentnim djelima kanadskog filozofa Charlesa Taylora., Dans cet article, j’identifie quelques exemples de chocs culturels qui impliquent la religion, j’examine certaines solutions proposées pour de tels conflits, et j’aborde la question de savoir si la religion dans un quelconque sens puisse faire partie de cette solution. Egalement, je fournis quelques modèles de religion à l’intérieur des limites de la démocratie, des modèles qui, je le suggère, sont pertinents pour les démocraties du sud-est de l’Europe. En présentant ces modèles, j’affirme qu’une approche fructueuse se trouve dans les récents travaux du philosophe canadien Charles Taylor., Im vorliegenden Aufsatz identifiziere ich eine Anzahl Exempel für religionsmotivierte kulturelle Auseinandersetzung, nehme einige Lösungskonzepte für solche Konflikte in Augenschein und diskutiere über die Tauglichkeit der Religion, in irgendeinem Sinne ein Bestandteil dieser Lösungswege zu werden. Darüber hinaus liefere ich einige Religionsentwürfe innerhalb der Demokratiegrenzen – Modelle, die sich meines Erachtens als maßgebend für die Demokratien Südosteuropas erzeigen. In der Präsentation der erwähnten Modelle vertrete ich die Ansicht, ein fruchtbares Angehen dieser Problematik zeichne sich im jüngsten Werk des kanadischen Philosophen Charles Taylor ab.

Social network approach has conceptually and empirically improved research on HIV/AIDS by counterbalancing the individualized concepts of sexual decision-making. In the current study, associations between the structural characteristics of ego-centered networks and HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours were examined in a population-based sample (n = 1005) of young Croatian adults aged 18 - 25 years. The findings suggested that the associations between the selected HIV-relevant outcomes and the structural properties of social networks were weak and markedly gender-specific. Among women, network-based religiosity predicted HIV-related knowledge, while network density was related to attitudes toward condoms. Age homophily and network history were correlated with condom use at last intercourse among men. Future studies may improve the understanding of the associations between social networks and HIV-relevant beliefs and behaviours by exploring the possibility that network effects are not invariant over time.

The corporate governance issue in Macedonian companies has been brought forward during the recent few years. The main reason is the fact that the privatization process completion of socially-owned and partly state-owned enterprises has put emphasis to the challenge to reasonably regulate relationships established within companies on one hand, and relationships between companies and larger society on the other. All market economies, including those with longest tradition, have faced this kind of challenge so far. Corporate governance becomes an increasingly important issue for the Macedonian economy. It is being taken with greater consideration by the companies, regulators and government. The strong wave of privatization programs from mid-90’ have resulted in an altered business environment, and new legal and institutional frameworks have been established. Indeed, corporate governance contributes to sustainable economic development by enhancing the performance of companies and increasing their access to external sources of capital. In this paper we will make attempt to analyze the predominant factors that Create a prolific corporate governance environment in two terms; a) micro level and macro level.

Background Implementation of psychosocial interventions in mental health services has the potential to improve the treatment of psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where care is predominantly focused on pharmacotherapy. The first step is to understand the views of key stakeholders. We conducted a multi-language qualitative study to explore the contextual barriers and facilitators to implementation of a cost-effective, digital psychosocial intervention, called DIALOG+, for treating PSD. DIALOG+ builds on existing clinician-patient relationships without requiring development of new services, making it well-fitting for healthcare systems with scarce resources. Methods Thirty-two focus groups were conducted with 174 participants (patients, clinicians, policymakers and carers), who were familiarized with DIALOG+ through a presentation. The Southeast European LMICs included in this research were: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, (Kosovo is referred throughout the text by United Nations resolution) North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. Framework analysis was used to analyse the participants’ accounts. Results Six major themes were identified. Three themes (Intervention characteristics; Carers’ involvement; Patient and organisational benefits) were interpreted as perceived implementation facilitators. The theme Attitudes and perceived preparedness of potential adopters comprised of subthemes that were interpreted as both perceived implementation facilitators and barriers. Two other themes (Frequency of intervention delivery; Suggested changes to the intervention) were more broadly related to the intervention’s implementation. Participants were exceedingly supportive of the implementation of a digital psychosocial intervention such as DIALOG+. Attractive intervention characteristics, efficient use of scarce resources for its implementation and potential to improve mental health services were seen as the main implementation facilitators. The major implementation barrier identified was psychiatrists’ time constrains. Conclusions This study provided important insights regarding implementation of digital psychosocial interventions for people with PSD in low-resource settings by including perspectives from four stakeholder groups in five LMICs in Southeast Europe – a population and region rarely explored in the literature. The perceived limited availability of psychiatrists could be potentially resolved by increased inclusion of other mental health professionals in service delivery for PSD. These findings will be used to inform the implementation strategy of DIALOG+ across the participating countries. The study also offers insights into multi-country qualitative research.