617 results on '"Barnard, A. M."'
Search Results
602. Binding arbitration and the summary trial with binding decision : a comparison of the two methods in resolving disputes
- Author
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Van Gorp, John D., Tudor, Ron B., and Barnard, James M.
- Subjects
Arbitration (Administrative law) ,Dispute resolution (Law) ,Complaints (Military law) ,Grievance arbitration - Abstract
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) encompasses a broad range of binding and non-binding techniques to resolve controversies without litigation. Congressional Legislation and Executive orders since 1990 have emphasized the need to use ADR. The intent was to stop the rapid growth of claims against the Government and to authorize and encourage agencies to seek methods other than litigation in order to promote prompt settlement of claims. Using ADR can potentially save a great deal of time and money by providing more options to resolve disputes. It allows us to become more similar to the civilian community, enhances our relationship with business and promotes competition. The objective of this research is to determine if binding arbitration should be a viable means of resolving conflict within the Department of Defense (DoD). The thesis provides a legislative background of ADR, and briefly discusses various techniques of the ADR process. Binding arbitration is compared to the Summary Trial With Binding Decision, a form of ADR available at the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA). The advantages, disadvantages and differences are then analyzed. This study concludes that DoD should take advantage of the benefits that binding arbitration offers. http://archive.org/details/bindingrbitratio109455820 Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2002
603. Analysis of commercial pricing factors : a framework for commercial item pricing
- Author
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Russell, Joseph F., Lamm, David V., and Barnard, James M.
- Subjects
Commercial products ,Microeconomics ,ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING ,Pricing - Abstract
Recent procurement reform initiatives within the Federal Government have served to significantly reduce the requirement for offerors to provide the Government with cost or pricing data in advance of contract negotiations. The goal of these initiatives is to streamline the procurement process and achieve a procurement environment that more closely resembles the practices of the commercial sector. In order for the Government Contracting Officer to effectively analyze an offer as fair and reasonable and obtain a negotiating position, the Contracting Officer must recognize and understand a myriad of elements that contribute to a commercial firm's pricing objectives. The purpose of this research is to examine the elements that influence a contractor's pricing as well as the factors applied to their purchasing decisions. This paper will present data that can be analyzed without the benefit of cost or pricing data. The thesis provides a framework for Government Contracting Officers to recognize and analyze this data in preparing for contract negotiations. http://archive.org/details/analysisofcommer109456028 Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2002
604. A Closer look at the A-76 process: analysis of opinions from the General Accounting Office
- Author
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Hodges, Cody L., Tudor, Ron B., Barnard, James M., and Graduate School of Business and Public Policy
- Subjects
A-76 Process ,GAO Comptroller decisions ,Contracting out ,GAO protest process ,United States ,Outsourcing - Abstract
This thesis identifies the case principles and trends involving A-76 Process issues brought before the General Accounting Office. It reviews the background, history, issues and current methods of applying the A-7 6Process in the Department of Defense. It then categorizes and analyzes the A-76 protest decisions handed down from the Comptroller General from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2001. Following the review and analysis, the interpretations of the statutory requirements by the Comptroller General are examined to determine if the current design of the A-76 process is being applied as it was originally designed. It also examines protest decision trends to determine what changes are needed to mitigate the risk of future A-76 protests. http://archive.org/details/acloserlooktapro109456047 Lieutenant, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2002
605. Dynamic pricing possibilities in the purchase of bulk fuel for the Department of Defense
- Author
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Finley, Kenneth., Barnard, James M., Gates, William R., and Management
- Subjects
ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS - Abstract
e distribution cost components and options This research explores the possibility of using Dynamic Pricing via online auctions to purchase bulk fuel for DoD in the same manner as United Airlines. http://archive.org/details/dynamicpricingpo109456074 US Navy (USN) author
- Published
- 2001
606. Outsourcing market research in Department of Defense commodity acquisition: the issues, concerns, an dprivate industry capabilities
- Author
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Skubic, Michelle Coyne., Barnard, James M., Lamm, David V., and Management
- Abstract
This thesis investigates the role of market research in Department of Defense commodities acquisition. It examines the feasibility of outsourcing market research functions in this acquisition arena, focusing on which elements of market research would be most practicable to outsource, and what capacity exists in private industry to provide market research services for the Federal acquisition environment. Given the reduction in the defense acquisition workforce, budgetary constraints, and emphasis on acquisition reform, effective market research significantly enhances optimal use of available resources. However, general consensus among defense acquisition professionals is that market research is not conducted as effectively as possible due to limitations of time, training and management attention. While legislation has directed the use of market research for multiple aspects of the acquisition cycle, to include requirements development, maximization of competition, source selection, and emulation of better business practices, market research skills vary among DoD acquisition personnel, as does appreciation for its value as a management tool. The conclusion is that while there are issues and concerns to be addressed when considering outsourcing market research, private industry does offer a viable alternative for conducting market research functions in DoD commodity acquisitions. http://archive.org/details/outsourcingmarke1094510995
- Published
- 2001
607. A comparative analysis of risk management plans within the Defense Contract Management Agency
- Author
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Dyson, Teddie L., Barnard, James M., Liao, Shu, and Management
- Abstract
This thesis performs a comparative analysis of a sampling of risk management plans for strategic and critical suppliers administered by the Defense Contract Management District West (DCMDW) in order to identify the areas of highest risk and the most common tools used to mitigate risk in key processes and systems for these suppliers. The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) uses a comprehensive, inclusive, and iterative approach to risk management. It follows the Government and DoD risk management premise of using a five-step approach to risk management and the basic idea of identifying and assessing key processes/systems whose risk, either through probability or potential impact, offers the most cause for concern from a performance, schedule, or cost perspective. It employs current information technology, Risk Assessment and Management Program (RAMP) to provide consistency, commonality, access, and comparability to its risk management process. Performance and schedule, product support and supplier quality assurance for product quality, and delivery were the areas of highest risk for DCMA. The most commonly applied risk handling tools indicated in the RAMP database were areas associated with analysis, monitoring, and surveillance activities before final inspection: "Data Analysis", "Product Audits", "System Evaluation", and "Corrective Action" http://archive.org/details/acomparativenaly1094510964
- Published
- 2001
608. Concept exploration for a future frigate/destroyer size warship platform
- Author
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Trappe, Ralf., Byers, David W., Barnard, James M., and Management
- Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to make a clean sheet of paper approach to develop a platform for a future frigate/destroyer size warship based on the operational requirements in the context of future crisis management and constrained resources. The envisioned timeframe is the beginning of the next decade, i.e. 2010+. Basic operational requirements regarding the bare warship platform will be weighted and discussed. The study is concentrating on the hull and propulsion configuration to support the derived operational needs. All weapons and control systems will be handled as interchangeable modules, hence only spaces and interfaces will be discussed in this thesis. Special emphasis is given to Total Ownership Costs and the risk from incorporating not yet introduced technologies. In addition to the classical monohull approach, Catamaran, Trimaran, SWATH and the O'Neill hull form configurations will be investigated as well. In comparison to the Combined Diesel and Gas Turbine (CODAG) and Combined Diesel or Gas Turbine (CODOG) propulsion Diesel Electric, Gas Turbine Electric and possible combinations of these propulsion concepts will be evaluated. http://archive.org/details/conceptexplorati109452662 German Navy author
- Published
- 2001
609. The use of the integrated product team in the Naval Tomahawk Cruise Missile program at the Defense Contracting Management Agency Raytheon
- Author
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Kao, David H., Barnard, James M., and Lamm, David V.
- Abstract
This thesis examines the use of the Integrated Product Team (IPT) concept within the Tomahawk Cruise Missile Program at the Defense Contracting Management Agency (DCMA) Raytheon. The study presents a literature review of the IPT philosophy and concepts and an overview of the Tomahawk Cruise Missile Program IPTs. Surveys and interviews focus on the following areas: 1) PT dynamics; 2) IPT performance; 3) IPT training; and 4) the working relationship between contractor and Government personnel on lPTs. Overall, team members who have participated in or managed an IPT agree that PT has added value to the acquisition process by bringing functional disciplines from Government and industry together to exchange ideas and build a successful Tomahawk Program. Only a few team members reported that the IPT process led to problems in the decision-making process, alignment of team objectives, and contractor and Government working relationships. Although both contractor and Government team members have some misunderstandings and preconceived notions about each other, both organizations realize that an effective Government and contractor interface provided by the PT process is crucial to the success of the Tomahawk Program. http://archive.org/details/theuseofintegrat109459192 U.S. Navy (U.S.N.) author. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2000
610. The implementation of a knowledge management system to the acquisition organization at a major systems command
- Author
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Goodrich, Mark R., Nissen, Mark E., and Barnard, James M.
- Abstract
The thesis discusses the potential implementation of a knowledge management system to the contracting organization at a major systems command. In doing so, it examines ongoing DoD and private knowledge-based projects and discusses obstacles, feasibility and benefits of implementation of a knowledge- based system for the acquisition function at a major systems command (SYSCOM). The thesis also makes recommendations for eventual implementation plans. Also included is a discussion of the change in organizational processes made as a result of implementation. It is envisioned that the thesis could be used as a model for the eventual implementation of a knowledge based system that would support the contracting activities at a major systems command to alleviate future problems with a workforce that is rapidly approaching retirement eligibility and the diminished financial resources available for the hiring of replacement employees. http://archive.org/details/theimplementatio109459247 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2000
611. Large scale serum proteomics identifies proteins associated with performance decline and clinical milestones in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
- Author
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Ikelaar NA, Barnard AM, Eng SWM, Hosseini Vajargah S, Ha KCH, Kan HE, Vandenborne K, Niks EH, Walter GA, and Spitali P
- Abstract
Serum biomarkers are promising minimally invasive outcome measures in clinical studies in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, biomarkers strongly associated with clinical progression and predicting performance decline are lacking. In this study we aimed to identify serum biomarkers associated with clinical performance and able to predict clinical milestones in DMD. Towards this aim we present a retrospective multi-center cohort study including serum samples and clinical data collected in research participants with DMD as part of a natural history study at the University of Florida (UF) and real-world observations at Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) between 2009-2022. The 7K SomaScan
® assay was used to analyse protein levels in in individual serum samples. Serum biomarkers predicted age at loss of ambulation (LoA), age at loss of overhead reach (OHR) and age at loss of hand to mouth function (HTM). Secondary outcomes were the association of biomarkers with age, corticosteroid (CS) usage, and clinical performance based on the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA), 10 meter run velocity (10mrv), 6 minute walk (6MWT) and Performance of the Upper Limb (PUL2.0). A total of 716 serum samples were collected in 79 participants at UF and 74 at LUMC (mean[SD] age; 10.9[3.2] vs 8.4[3.4]). 244 serum proteins showed an association with CS usage in both cohorts independent of CS type and regimen, including MMP3 and IGLL1. 318 probes (corresponding to 294 proteins) showed significant associations with NSAA, 10mrv, 6MWT and/or PUL2.0 across both cohorts. The expression of 38 probes corresponding to 36 proteins such as RGMA, EHMT2, ART3, ANTXR2 and DLK1 was associated with risk of both lower and upper limb clinical milestones in both the LUMC and UF cohort. In conclusion, multiple biomarkers were associated with CS use, motor function and upper lower and upper limb disease milestones in DMD. These biomarkers were validated across two independent cohorts, increasing their likelihood of translation for use within the broader DMD population., Competing Interests: Potential Conflicts of Interest SWME, SVH, and KCHH are employees of BioSymetrics, which has a commercial interest in the results. The remaining authors have no competing interests.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
612. Effect of short-term abomasal corn starch infusions on postruminal fermentation and blood measures.
- Author
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Cronin SK, Barnard AM, Dietz SJ, Lawrence M, Kramer AE, and Gressley TF
- Subjects
- Female, Cattle, Animals, Starch metabolism, Zea mays metabolism, Digestion, Fermentation, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Diet veterinary, Lactation physiology, Acute-Phase Proteins metabolism, Body Weight, Rumen metabolism, Animal Feed analysis, Acidosis veterinary, Cattle Diseases metabolism
- Abstract
It is possible that some of the systemic responses to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) may be caused by increased intestinal starch fermentation. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of abomasal infusion of up to 3 g of corn starch/kg body weight (approximately 1.6 kg of starch/d) on fecal measures of fermentation, plasma acute phase proteins, and white blood cell populations. Six ruminally cannulated cows in late lactation were randomly assigned to duplicate 3 × 3 Latin squares with 21-d periods. Cows were fed a 20.6% starch TMR twice daily and during the last 7 d of each period cows were abomasally infused with corn starch at 0 (CON), 1 (ST1), or 3 (ST3) g/kg body weight split into 2 bolus infusions, provided every 12 h. Fecal samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, and 18 h following feeding on d 21 and were analyzed for pH, VFA, lactic acid, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Composite fecal samples were used to estimate apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility using undigested neutral detergent fiber as an internal marker. Blood samples were collected at 0 and 6 h relative to feeding on d 14, 18, and 21 of each period. Concentrations of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in plasma were measured in all samples, 0 h samples on d 14 and 21 were used to measure white blood cell populations, and 0 h samples from d 14, 18, and 21 were used for flow cytometric analysis of γδ T cells. Data were analyzed in SAS using models that included fixed effects of treatment and period and the random effects of cow and square. For blood measures, d 14 samples collected before the initiation of abomasal infusions were included as covariates. Time (d or h) was added as a repeated measure in variables that included multiple samples during the abomasal infusion period. A contrast was used to determine the linear effect of increasing abomasal corn starch. Abomasal corn starch linearly decreased fecal pH and linearly increased fecal total VFA and LPS, but effects were modest, with fecal pH, total VFA, and LPS changing from 6.96, 57.7 mM, and 4.14 log
10 endotoxin units (EU) per gram for the CON treatment to 6.69, 64.1 mM, and 4.58 log10 EU/g for the ST3 treatment, respectively. This suggests that we did not induce hindgut acidosis. There were no effects of treatment on apparent total-tract starch digestibility or fecal starch content (mean of 96.9% and 2.2%, respectively). Treatment did not affect serum acute phase proteins or most circulating white blood cells, but the proportion of circulating γδ T cells tended to linearly decrease from 6.69% for CON to 4.61% for ST3. Contrary to our hypothesis, increased hindgut starch fermentation did not induce an inflammatory response in this study., (© 2023, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
613. Evaluating the effects of Lactobacillus animalis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii on performance and rumen and fecal measures in lactating dairy cows.
- Author
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Lawrence M, Polukis S, Barnard AM, Miller MA, Kung L Jr, and Gressley TF
- Subjects
- Animal Feed analysis, Animals, Cattle, Diet veterinary, Digestion, Feces, Female, Fermentation, Lactation, Lactobacillus, Milk, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Rumen metabolism
- Abstract
Two experiments evaluated the effect of supplementation with a bacterial direct-fed microbial on performance and apparent total-tract nutrient digestion of dairy cows. In experiment 1, 30 multiparous cows (75 ± 32 d in milk) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments fed for 10 wk. All cows were fed a diet containing 23.8% starch. Treatments were top dressed to rations twice daily and consisted of a combination of Lactobacillus animalis (1 × 10
9 cfu/d) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (2 × 109 cfu/d; LAPF) or carrier alone (CON). In experiment 2, 6 ruminally cannulated cows (123 ± 129 d in milk) were randomly assigned to a crossover design with two 6-wk periods. Cows received the same CON or LAPF treatment as in experiment 1. Cows were fed the same 23.8% starch diet as experiment 1 during wk 1 through 5 of each period, and then cows were abruptly switched to a 31.1% starch diet for wk 6. For both experiments, intake and milk yield were measured daily, and milk samples were collected weekly. In experiment 1, fecal grab samples were collected every 6 h on d 7 of experimental wk 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Fecal consistency was scored, and fecal starch was measured in daily composite samples. Fecal composites from a subset of 7 cows per treatment were used to measure apparent total-tract nutrient digestion. In experiment 2, rumen pH was continuously recorded during wk 5 and 6. On d 7 of wk 5 (the final day of feeding the 23.8% starch ration), d 1 of wk 6 (the day of diet transition), and d 7 of wk 6 (the final day of feeding the 31.1% starch ration), rumen in situ digestion was determined. Samples of rumen fluid and feces were collected every 6 h on those days for measurement of fecal starch (composited by cow within day), rumen volatile fatty acids, and fecal pH. Rumen and fecal samples were collected at one time point on those days for microbiota assessment. In experiment 1, treatment did not affect intake, milk yield, milk composition, or fecal score. The LAPF treatment decreased fecal starch percentage and tended to increase starch digestion compared with CON, but the differences were very small (0.59 vs. 0.78% and 98.74 vs. 98.46%, respectively). Digestion of other nutrients was unaffected. In experiment 2, LAPF increased rumen pH following the abrupt switch to the high-starch diet, but milk yield was lower for LAPF compared with CON (35.7 vs. 33.2 kg/d). Contrary to the decrease in fecal starch with LAPF observed in experiment 1, fecal starch tended to be increased by LAPF following the abrupt ration change in experiment 2 (2.97 vs. 2.15%). Few effects of treatment on rumen and fecal microbial populations were detectable. Under the conditions used in our experiments, addition of the bacterial direct-fed microbials did not have a marked effect on animal performance, ruminal measures, or total-tract nutrient digestion., (Copyright © 2021 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
614. Quorum-sensing in Gram-negative bacteria.
- Author
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Whitehead NA, Barnard AM, Slater H, Simpson NJ, and Salmond GP
- Subjects
- 4-Butyrolactone metabolism, Amino Acid Sequence, Bacterial Proteins chemistry, Colony Count, Microbial, Gram-Negative Bacteria genetics, Gram-Negative Bacteria pathogenicity, Models, Biological, Molecular Sequence Data, Repressor Proteins chemistry, Trans-Activators chemistry, Transcription Factors chemistry, 4-Butyrolactone analogs & derivatives, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Gram-Negative Bacteria cytology, Gram-Negative Bacteria metabolism, Repressor Proteins metabolism, Signal Transduction, Trans-Activators metabolism, Transcription Factors metabolism
- Abstract
It has become increasingly and widely recognised that bacteria do not exist as solitary cells, but are colonial organisms that exploit elaborate systems of intercellular communication to facilitate their adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The languages by which bacteria communicate take the form of chemical signals, excreted from the cells, which can elicit profound physiological changes. Many types of signalling molecules, which regulate diverse phenotypes across distant genera, have been described. The most common signalling molecules found in Gram-negative bacteria are N-acyl derivatives of homoserine lactone (acyl HSLs). Modulation of the physiological processes controlled by acyl HSLs (and, indeed, many of the non-acyl HSL-mediated systems) occurs in a cell density- and growth phase-dependent manner. Therefore, the term 'quorum-sensing' has been coined to describe this ability of bacteria to monitor cell density before expressing a phenotype. In this paper, we review the current state of research concerning acyl HSL-mediated quorum-sensing. We also describe two non-acyl HSL-based systems utilised by the phytopathogens Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas campestris.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
615. Quorum sensing as a population-density-dependent determinant of bacterial physiology.
- Author
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Swift S, Downie JA, Whitehead NA, Barnard AM, Salmond GP, and Williams P
- Subjects
- 4-Butyrolactone analogs & derivatives, 4-Butyrolactone physiology, Gram-Negative Bacteria chemistry, Gram-Negative Bacteria growth & development, Models, Biological, Models, Chemical, Gram-Negative Bacteria physiology, Signal Transduction physiology
- Abstract
The discovery that bacterial cells can communicate with each other has led to the realization that bacteria are capable of exhibiting much more complex patterns of co-operative behaviour than would be expected for simple unicellular microorganisms. Now generically termed 'quorum sensing', bacterial cell-to-cell communication enables a bacterial population to mount a unified response that is advantageous to its survival by improving access to complex nutrients or environmental niches, collective defence against other competitive microorganisms or eukaryotic host defence mechanisms and optimization of population survival by differentiation into morphological forms better adapted to combating environmental threats. The principle of quorum sensing encompasses the production and release of signal molecules by bacterial cells within a population. Such molecules are released into the environment and, as cell numbers increase, so does the extracellular level of signal molecule, until the bacteria sense that a threshold has been reached and gene activation, or in some cases depression or repression, occurs via the activity of sensor-regulator systems. In this review, we will describe the biochemistry and molecular biology of a number of well-characterized N-acylhomoserine lactone quorum sensing systems to illustrate how bacteria employ cell-to-cell signalling to adjust their physiology in accordance with the prevailing high-population-density environment.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
616. Meeting the needs of homeless people: the St John Ambulance mobile service.
- Author
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McGee P and Barnard AM
- Subjects
- Attitude to Health, Focus Groups, Humans, Program Evaluation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Ambulances, Emergency Nursing organization & administration, First Aid methods, Ill-Housed Persons psychology, Mobile Health Units organization & administration, Needs Assessment organization & administration
- Abstract
St John Ambulance has a well established history of providing services to the community. This article describes the organisation's first venture in meeting the needs of homeless people, focusing on the implications for qualified nurses.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
617. Community care: returning to their historical roots. Interview by Charlotte Alderman.
- Author
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Emerton A and Barnard AM
- Subjects
- Humans, United Kingdom, Ambulances, Nurses, Volunteers
- Published
- 1992
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