Search

National audience; Le contrôle aérien s'appuie sur un découpage de l'espace en volumes élémentaires que l'on appelle secteurs : des secteurs qui ont en charge des vols en phase de croisière (secteurs En-Route) et des secteurs qui ont en charge des vols en évolution, qui vont atterrir ou qui vont décoller (secteurs d'Approche). La recherche appliquée au domaine du trafic aérien se focalise en général sur l'augmentation de la capacité des secteurs et la sécurité. Depuis peu, les considérations écologiques et économiques sont venues se greffer aux études sur le sujet, rendant envisageables un certain nombre d'évolutions majeures du point de vue de l'ATM1 : changer les techniques de contrôle, les outils mis à disposition des contrôleurs ou les procédures aériennes. Cette communication propose une nouvelle approche dans la construction des procédures d'arrivée pour les secteurs d'Approche qui ne repose plus exclusivement sur la capacité des contrôleurs à séparer et à réguler des avions, mais également sur la capacité des systèmes à bord des avions à calculer des trajectoires optimales du point de vue notamment de la consommation de carburant. Nous proposons une structure d'arrivée en peigne qui permet de séparer des vols, de les réguler tout en les laissant voler selon des profils optimisés. Il reste alors à affecter les vols aux différentes branches du peigne de façon à maximiser la cadence d'utilisation des pistes tout en respectant des contraintes de séparation entre aéronefs à différents points identifiés de croisement des trajectoires.

We develop a mixed complementarity programming (MCP) based estimating framework for non-tariff barriers (NTBs) to examine the evolution of market access conditions in the textile and clothing sectors, working with a panel of bilateral trade data on textile and clothing trade, underlying bilateral tariffs, and the country-pair coverage of quotas under the WTO's Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). Our estimating framework takes advantage of the panel nature of trade data when calculating export tax equivalents while allowing for inequality constraints on the quota premium estimates. We also introduce Gaussian quadrature for estimating goodness of fit for regression-based NTB measures based on residual fitting.

This document contains the steps followed to obtain data from the American airspace and the process to obtain the files that will allow us to perform simulations with eDEP using data from American airspace. First, we have done a search and we have found information from two reliable sources, the FACET and the National Flight Data Center. In both, we could get the same information, but in the second it was necessary to be registered to have access and the registration process was very long and complex. So, we used data by FACET using a small Java program that allows us to extract it. Once extracted we have created a program that transform the information of airports, sectorization, airways, waypoints and flight plans in a desired format. Then, we have obtained some data which we have seen a number of problems such as wrong waypoint time, wrong speeds and altitudes and flight plans very short. We have tried to implement a kind of solution to all these problems, and finally we have been able to get the files which allows running the simulation on eDEP. Finally, we performed a simulation test with a sectorization that occupy the entire central part of the United States in order to observe the behavior of the maximum number of aircraft. On this simulation, we have seen an important part of the aircrafts moving properly and some others having common mistakes. As final result of this project we have obtained a simulation that a series of modifications are needed on the files of execution in order to achieve the proposed objective.

Background Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a malignancy with one of the highest fatality rates. We reviewed our recent clinical experience with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with surgery and chemotherapy for the management of ATC. Methods 13 patients with ATC who were treated by IMRT in our institution between October 2008 and February 2011, have been analyzed. The target volume for IMRT was planned to include Gross tumor volume (GTV): primary tumor plus any N + disease (66 Gy/33 F/6.6 W), with elective irradiation of thyroid bed, bilateral level II through VI and mediastinal lymph nodes to the level of the carina (54-60 Gy). Seven patients received surgical intervention and eleven patients had chemotherapy. Results The median radiotherapy dose to GTV was 60 Gy/30 fractions/6 weeks. The median survival time of the 13 patients was 9 months. The direct causes of death were distant metastases (75%) and progression of the locoregional disease (25%). Ten patients were spared dyspnea and tracheostomy because their primary neck lesion did not progress. Conclusion The results showed that IMRT combined by surgery and chemotherapy for ATC might be beneficial to improve locoregional control. Further new therapies are needed to control metastases.

This paper proposes a best possible distribution of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) to progress the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of power transactions between sources and sink areas in the deregulated power system. The principle of TCSC device is to balance the inductive voltage drop in the line by an introduced capacitive voltage or in other words to alleviate the effective reactance of the transmission line to improve ATC in the network. The objective of the optimization is to find the preeminent location and parameters of TCSC devices by means of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) for maximizing ATC and minimizing power losses and installation cost of TCSC device. The estimate of ATC using AC Power Transfer Distribution Factors (ACPTDF) based on the Newton Raphson power flow technique. The ACPTDFs are the consequent using sensitivity based approach for the system intact case and utilized to check the line flow limits during ATC fortitude. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated using an IEEE-30 bus test system for the evaluation of ATC in normal and line outage contingencies conditions for the preferred bilateral, multilateral and area wise transactions. The simulation outcome illustrates that the introduction of TCSC devices in an accurate location could increase ATC, fall in total losses and advance the line congestion as compared to the system without TCSC devices.

Background The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1/SLC7A5) transports essential amino acids across the plasma membrane. While LAT1 is overexpressed in a variety of human neoplasms, its expression and its role in thyroid cancer is currently unknown. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive malignancy for which no effective therapy exists. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the inhibition of LAT1 in ATC would affect tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Methods LAT1 was pharmacologically blocked by JPH203 in human ATC and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines. The effects on proliferation and mTORC1 activity were addressed in vitro. A genetically engineered mouse model of ATC was used to address the effect of blocking LAT1 on tumor growth in vivo. SLC7A5 transcription was measured in patient-derived ATC samples to address the clinical relevance of the findings. Results LAT1 block by JPH203 reduced proliferation and mTORC1 signaling in human thyroid cancer cell lines. SLC7A5 transcription was upregulated in ATC tissues derived from a genetically engineered mouse model and in ATC samples recovered from patients. JPH203 treatment induced thyroid tumor growth arrest in vivo in a fully immunocompetent mouse model of thyroid cancer. Additionally, analysis of publicly available datasets of thyroid carcinomas revealed that high LAT1 expression is associated with potentially untreatable PTC presenting reduced NIS/SLC5A5 transcription and with ATC. Conclusions These preclinical results show that LAT1 inhibition is a novel therapeutic approach in the context of thyroid cancers, and more interestingly in untreatable thyroid cancers., Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 37, ISSN:1756-9966

Background The objective of this study is to develop a framework for assessing the consistency of drug classes across sources, such as MeSH and ATC. Our framework integrates and contrasts lexical and instance-based ontology alignment techniques. Moreover, we propose metrics for assessing not only equivalence relations, but also inclusion relations among drug classes. Results We identified 226 equivalence relations between MeSH and ATC classes through the lexical alignment, and 223 through the instance-based alignment, with limited overlap between the two (36). We also identified 6,257 inclusion relations. Discrepancies between lexical and instance-based alignments are illustrated and discussed. Conclusions Our work is the first attempt to align drug classes with sophisticated instance-based techniques, while also distinguishing between equivalence and inclusion relations. Additionally, it is the first application of aligning drug classes in ATC and MeSH. By providing a detailed account of similarities and differences between drug classes across sources, our framework has the prospect of effectively supporting the creation of a mapping of drug classes between ATC and MeSH by domain experts.