801. Virtue and Terror: The Monk
- Author
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Peter Brooks
- Subjects
Literature ,History ,Virtue ,Literature and Literary Theory ,business.industry ,Prestige ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Taboo ,Rationalism ,Enlightenment ,Age of Enlightenment ,Dramatization ,Law ,Secularism ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Matthew Gregory Lewis' The Monk is not only the aberrant masterpiece of the Gothic novel. It is also one of those works of literature that demonstrate a remarkable understanding of their own historical situation of the epistemological moment to which they belong and to which they contribute. Published four years before the close of the eighteenth century, at the intersection of revolution and reaction, The Monk contains an important dramatization, an acting out of the passage into a new world-modern, frightening, our own-of moral transyvaluations in which, at the dead end of the Age of Reason, the Sacred has reasserted its claim to attention, but in the most primitive possible manifestations, as taboo and interdiction, and ethics has implicitly come to be founded on terror rather than virtue. The novel can in fact be read as one of the first and most lucid contextualizations of life in a world where reason has lost its prestige, yet the Godhead has lost its otherness; where the Sacred has been reacknowledged but atomized, and its ethical imperatives psychologized. The precondition of the ethical universe explored by Lewis is Enlightenment secularism, the decision that man should be understood in terms of mankind alone. The Gothic novel, as its best historians and critics have recognized, stands in reaction to the pretensions of rationalism.' It reasserts the presence in the world of forces which cannot be accounted for by the daylight self and the self-sufficient mind. The works of Ann Radcliffe, Mary Shelley, Maturin, Lewis, all suggest what D. P. Varma has
- Published
- 1973
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