719 results on '"Kyoung Min Lee"'
Search Results
702. Mechanical Ventilation with Superimposed High - Frequency Ventilation
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Won Oak Kim, Hung Kun Oh, Kyoung Min Lee, and Jin Ho Kim
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Mechanical ventilation ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Anesthesia ,medicine.medical_treatment ,High-frequency ventilation ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 1988
703. The Usefulness of Radioisotope Angiography in Management of Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome
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Jin Su Kim, Jong Rae Kim, Youn Woo Lee, Soo Yeoun Kim, Ju Haeng Lee, Kyoung Min Lee, and Young Seok Lee
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Anesthesia ,Reflex ,medicine ,Dystrophy ,Radioisotope Angiography ,Radiology ,Lumbar sympathetic block ,business - Published
- 1989
704. Anesthetic Management for Carotid Artery Surgery with a Temporary Indwelling Shunt
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Kwang Won Park, Yong Taek Nam, Kyoung Min Lee, Won Oak Kim, and Yang Sik Shin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Carotid arteries ,medicine ,Anesthetic management ,Chemodectoma ,business ,Surgery ,Shunt (medical) - Published
- 1988
705. Temporal pattern in segmental motions of the foot in healthy senile adults: comparison between young and senile healthy adults
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Sung Ju Kim, Chin Youb Chung, In Ho Choi, Hye Sun Park, Dong Yeon Lee, Seong Hyun Kim, Kyoung Min Lee, Ji-Beom Kim, Jihyeung Kim, Hyo Jeong Yoo, and Sang Gyo Seo
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medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Forefoot ,biology.organism_classification ,Gait ,Sagittal plane ,Valgus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Gait analysis ,Meeting Abstract ,medicine ,Physical therapy ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Ankle ,Range of motion ,business ,Foot (unit) - Abstract
The incidence of foot and ankle disease increases as the age increases [1,2]. However, there was no report about differences of foot motion between senile person and young adults. The purpose of this study is to analyze distinctions according to age in segmental foot motion using 3D multi-foot model from healthy senior and young adults. One hundred senile (50 males, 50 females) and young adults (50 males, 50 females) were tested by 3D multi-foot model with 15-markers. The cadence, speed, stride length, step width, step time, and stance phase were analyzed. The maximum and minimal values and motions of 3-planes of hallux, forefoot, hindfoot, and arch were compared between senile and young adults. The cadence, speed, stride length, and step width were lower in senior. The stance phase was longer (Table(Table1).1). In female, sagittal motion of all segment were more limited and hindfoot was more unstable in senior (Figure (Figure1).1). In male, sagittal motion of hallux and forefoot were lower in senior (Figure (Figure2).2). Hallux valgus of male and female was more severe in senior during gait. Arch height was no difference (Figure (Figure3).3). In 3D foot gait analysis, the differences between senior and young adults were apparent. In summary, foot motion in senior had limited range of motion during gait. And hallux valgus in senior was more severe. But arch height was not diminished. The understanding about changes of foot segmental motion depending on age will suggest more correct approach in degenerative foot and ankle disease. Table 1 Basic gait parameters in senile adults Figure 1 Comparison of the mean foot segmental motion between senile and young adults in female. Figure 2 Comparison of the mean foot segmental motion between senile and young adults in male. Figure 3 Comparison of the mean foot segmental motion between male and female in senior.
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706. Femoral anteversion and tibial torsion only explain 25% of variance in regression analysis of foot progression angle in children with diplegic cerebral palsy
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Kyoung Min Lee, Seung Yeol Lee, Tae Won Kim, Chin Youb Chung, Ki Hyuk Sung, and Moon Seok Park
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Torsion Abnormality ,Adolescent ,Radiography ,Health Informatics ,Cerebral palsy ,Femoral head ,Young Adult ,Gait parameter ,medicine ,Humans ,Femur ,Tibia ,Child ,Gait ,Gait Disorders, Neurologic ,Retrospective Studies ,Orthodontics ,business.industry ,Cerebral Palsy ,Research ,Rehabilitation ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gait analysis ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Torsional bony deformities ,Diplegic cerebral palsy - Abstract
Background The relationship between torsional bony deformities and rotational gait parameters has not been sufficiently investigated. This study was to investigate the degree of contribution of torsional bony deformities to rotational gait parameters in patients with diplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Thirty three legs from 33 consecutive ambulatory patients (average age 9.5 years, SD 6.9 years; 20 males and 13 females) with diplegic CP who underwent preoperative three dimensional gait analysis, foot radiographs, and computed tomography (CT) were included. Adjusted foot progression angle (FPA) was retrieved from gait analysis by correcting pelvic rotation from conventional FPA, which represented the rotational gait deviation of the lower extremity from the tip of the femoral head to the foot. Correlations between rotational gait parameters (FPA, adjusted FPA, average pelvic rotation, average hip rotation, and average knee rotation) and radiologic measurements (acetabular version, femoral anteversion, knee torsion, tibial torsion, and anteroposteriortalo-first metatarsal angle) were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify significant contributing radiographic measurements to adjusted FPA. Results Adjusted FPA was significantly correlated with FPA (r=0.837, p2=0.247). Conclusions Femoral anteversion and tibial torsion were found to be the significant structural deformities that could affect adjusted FPA in patients with diplegic CP. Femoral anteversion and tibial torsion could explain only 24.7% of adjusted FPA.
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707. Measuring foot and ankle kinematics using a bi-plane fluoroscopic system
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Kyoung Min Lee and Seungbum Koo
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Foot kinematics ,business.industry ,Knee kinematics ,Kinematics ,Data science ,Ankle kinematics ,Skin marker ,Meeting Abstract ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business ,Foot (unit) ,Biomedical engineering ,Fluoroscopic imaging - Abstract
Background Accurate measurements of skeletal kinematics of the foot would increase our understanding on the interaction between foot and footwear. Previously foot kinematics was measured using reflective markers but the method had inherent limitation of skin marker-based methods. Recently fluoroscopic imaging-based methods has been developed and widely used to measure knee kinematics [1,2]. We have made a bi-plane fluoroscopic imaging system and a walkway where continuous foot X-ray images could be taken during walking. The objective of the study was to understand the possibility of bi-plane fluoroscopic system for measuring foot and ankle kinematics.
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708. Hamstring and psoas length of crouch gait in cerebral palsy: a comparison with induced crouch gait in age- and sex-matched controls
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Kyoung Min Lee, Tae-Yon Rhie, Moon Seok Park, Ki Hyuk Sung, and Chin Youb Chung
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Adult ,Male ,Models, Anatomic ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Adolescent ,Knee Joint ,Posture ,Health Informatics ,Psoas Muscles ,Cerebral palsy ,Tendons ,Young Adult ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Spasticity ,Child ,Gait ,Physical Examination ,Gait Disorders, Neurologic ,business.industry ,Cerebral Palsy ,Research ,Rehabilitation ,medicine.disease ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gait analysis ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Hip Joint ,medicine.symptom ,Ankle ,business ,human activities ,Software ,Hamstring - Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that hamstring lengths are often not short in patients with cerebral palsy, which raises concerns over the benefits of distal hamstring lengthening in patients with crouch gait. In this study, the authors measured lengths of hamstrings and psoas muscles in normal subjects mimicking crouch gait and compared these with lengths in cerebral palsy patients with crouch gait. Methods: Thirty-six patients with cerebral palsy and crouch gait were included in this study, and in addition, 36 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited. Hamstring and psoas muscle lengths in patients were evaluated using gait analysis and interactive musculoskeletal modeling software. Muscle lengths were also measured in the normal control group during normal gait and while mimicking crouch gait, and these were compared with those of cerebral palsy patient with crouch gait. Results: No significant differences were observed between maximum hamstring (p=0.810) and maximum psoas (p=0.456) lengths of patients and controls mimicking crouch gait. However, patients showed significantly shorter excursions of hamstring (p=0.022) and psoas (p=0.036) muscles than controls, whereas no significant excursion differences were observed between controls during normal gait and mimicking crouch gait. Conclusions: Normal controls mimicking crouch gait and cerebral palsy patients with crouch gait demonstrate similar muscle length patterns. However, mimicked crouch gait did not reproduce the excursion pattern shown by patients with crouch gait, which suggests that reduced hamstring and psoas excursion is an innate characteristic of pathologic crouch gait. Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. Musculoskeletal surgery, such as, single event multilevel surgery, is widely performed in cerebral palsy and focuses on improving gait function and pattern. In ambulant patients, three-dimensional gait analysis is usually performed before and after surgery, and is useful for identifying preoperative problems and for evaluating postoperative results by suggesting gait patterns based on dynamic information [1-4]. Crouch gait is defined as the maintenance of excessive knee flexion even when standing erect, and is characterized by excessive hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion [5]. Although weaknesses of ankle plantarflexor and knee extensor, stiffness or spasticity of knee flexors, and stiffness or spasticity of hip flexors have been suggested to cause the condition [6,7], the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Delp et al. compared hamstring and psoas lengths in normal controls and in patients with crouch gait using 3-D gait analysis, and found that patient hamstring lengths were similar to or greater than those of controls, and that psoas lengths were shorter in patients [8]. Therefore, they recommended that hamstring lengthening should not be performed in patients with crouch gait. Furthermore, questions have been raised about the need for hamstring lengthening because of the possibility that it could aggravate crouch gait by increasing anterior
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709. ISOLATED AND PROLONGED LOSS OF TIME ORIENTATION.
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Masdeu, Joseph C., Jae-Kyu Roh, Soon-Tae Lee, and Kyoung-Min Lee
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- 2011
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710. Performances of a protector against scattered radiation during intraoperative use of a C-arm fluoroscope.
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Ki Hyuk Sung, Young-Jun Jung, Soon-Sun Kwon, Gye Wang Lee, Chin Youb Chung, Kyoung Min Lee, Hyemi Cha, Moon Seok Park, and Kisung Lee
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FLUOROSCOPY ,X-ray scattering ,RADIATION doses ,INTRAOPERATIVE care ,IMAGE quality analysis - Abstract
The scattered radiation protector for mobile x-ray systems, Creative Valuable Protector-2, has been recently developed. However, there have been no studies investigating the effects of this device. We aim to investigate the effects of the scattered radiation protector on the equivalent doses from scattered radiation delivered to radiosensitive organs while simulating spine surgery using a C-arm fluoroscope. Chest and rando phantoms were used to simulate a patient and a surgeon in this study. The equivalent dose from scattered radiation to radiosensitive organs was measured in four different situations according to the use of the scattered radiation protector and the C-arm configuration. To compare the quality of the images with and without the scattered radiation protector, an acryl step phantom with five steps was used, and the contrast resolution of each step was calculated. The equivalent dose from the scattered radiation to the surgeon’s eye, thyroid, and gonad decreased significantly by using the scattered radiation protector for both the Posteroanterior (PA) (p < 0.001) and Anteroposterior (AP) (p < 0.001) C-arm configurations. The installation of the scattered radiation protector also reduced the direct radiation dose to the chest phantom. A scattered map showed that scattered radiation doses decreased by approximately 50% for the PA configuration and 75% for the AP configuration by using the scattered radiation protector. Before and after installation of the scattered radiation protector, the contrast resolution of each adjacent step area was 0.025–0.404 and 0.216–0.421. The scattered radiation protector was effective in reducing not only the equivalent dose from scattered radiation to the surgeon’s radiosensitive organs, but also the direct radiation dose to the patient. This was all achieved without decreasing the quality of the C-arm fluoroscopic images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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711. Anterior Knee Pain in Patients with Cerebral Palsy.
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Young Choi, Sang Hyeong Lee, Chin Youb Chung, Moon Seok Park, Kyoung Min Lee, Ki Hyuk Sung, Sung Hun Won, In Hyeok Lee, In Ho Choi, Tae-Joon Cho, Won Joon Yoo, and Seung Yeol Lee
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- 2015
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712. Differential response to scrambler therapy by neuropathic pain phenotypes
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Young Gi Min, Hyun Seok Baek, Kyoung-Min Lee, and Yoon-Ho Hong
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Scrambler therapy is a noninvasive electroanalgesia technique designed to remodulate the pain system. Despite growing evidence of its efficacy in patients with neuropathic pain, little is known about the clinical factors associated with treatment outcome. We conducted a prospective, open-label, single-arm trial to assess the efficacy and safety of scrambler therapy in patients with chronic neuropathic pain of various etiologies. A post-hoc analysis was performed to investigate whether cluster analysis of the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) profiles could identify a subgroup of patients regarding neuropathic pain phenotype and treatment outcome. Scrambler therapy resulted in a significant decrease in the pain numerical rating scale (NRS) score over 2 weeks of treatment (least squares mean of percentage change from baseline, − 15%; 95% CI − 28% to − 2.4%; p
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- 2021
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713. National Trends in Pediatric CT Scans in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
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Nak Tscheol Kim, Soon-Sun Kwon, Moon Seok Park, Kyoung Min Lee, and Ki Hyuk Sung
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COMPUTED tomography , *CHILD patients - Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the rates and annual trends of pediatric CT scans in South Korea using a nationwide population-based database. Materials and Methods Data regarding pediatric CT scan usage between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from the health insurance review and assessment service. Data on the age, sex, diagnosis, and the anatomical area of involved patients were also extracted. Results A total of 576376 CT examinations were performed among 58527528 children aged below 18 years (9.8 scans/1000 children), and the number of CT examinations per 1000 children was noted to have increased by 23.2% from 9.0 in 2012 to 11.0 in 2017. Specifically, the number of CT examinations increased by 32.9% for the 6–12 years of age group (7.4/1000 to 9.8/1000) and by 34.0% for the 13–18 years of age group (11.4/1000 to 15.3/1000). Moreover, majority of the CT scans were limited to the head (39.1%), followed by the extremities (32.5%) and the abdomen (13.7%). Notably, the number of extremity CT scans increased by 83.6% (2.3/1000 to 4.2/1000), and its proportion as compared to other scans increased from 25.3% to 37.7%. Conclusion CT scans in the pediatric population increased continuously from 2012 to 2017 at an annual rate of 4.4%. Therefore, physicians should balance the benefits of CT with its potential harms from associated radiation exposure in pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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714. Persistence of metric biases in body representation during the body ownership illusion.
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Min-Hee Seo, Jeh-Kwang Ryu, Byung-Cheol Kim, Sang-Bin Jeon, and Kyoung-Min Lee
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Our perception of the body's metric is influenced by bias according to the axis, called the systematic metric bias in body representation. Systematic metric bias was first reported as Weber's illusion and observed in several parts of the body in various patterns. However, the systematic metric bias was not observed with a fake hand under the influence of the body ownership illusion during the line length judgment task. The lack of metric bias observed during the line length judgment task with a fake hand implies that the tactile modality occupies a relatively less dominant position than perception occurring through the real body. The change in weight between visual and tactile modalities during the body ownership illusion has not been adequately investigated yet, despite being a factor that influences the perception through body ownership illusion. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the dominance of vision over tactile modality is prominent, regardless of the task type. To investigate whether visual dominance persists during the process of inducing body ownership illusion regardless of task type, we introduced spatial visuotactile incongruence (2 cm, 3 cm) in the longitudinal and transverse axes during the visuotactile localization tasks and measured the intensity of the body ownership illusion using a questionnaire. The results indicated that participants perceived smaller visuotactile incongruence when the discrepancy occurred in the transverse axis rather than in the longitudinal axis. The anisotropy in the tolerance of visuotactile incongruence implies the persistence of metric biases in body representation. The results suggest the need for further research regarding the factors influencing the weight of visual and tactile modalities.
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- 2022
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715. Factors Affecting Subjective Symptoms in Children with Pes Planovalgus Deformity: A Study Using the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire.
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Jae Jung Min, Soon-Sun Kwon, Ki Hyuk Sung, Kyoung Min Lee, Chin Youb Chung, Moon Seok Park, Min, Jae Jung, Kwon, Soon-Sun, Sung, Ki Hyuk, Lee, Kyoung Min, Chung, Chin Youb, and Park, Moon Seok
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SYMPTOMS , *ANKLE , *FOOT , *HUMAN abnormalities , *HALLUX valgus , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *CLEFT palate children , *FLATFOOT , *SELF-evaluation , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *RADIOGRAPHY , *SEVERITY of illness index - Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pes planovalgus is one of the most common foot deformities in children and adolescents. However, there is a discrepancy between subjective symptoms and radiographic severity in idiopathic planovalgus deformity, and very few studies have investigated this aspect. Further, the assessment of subjective symptoms in patients with pes planovalgus requires a quantitative scoring system for making meaningful comparisons, such as the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-c) and that for parents (OxAFQ-p). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the symptoms of idiopathic planovalgus using the OxAFQ.Methods: All patients who were ≤18 years of age, had visited our clinic for the evaluation of pes planovalgus deformity, and had completed the OxAFQ were included in this study. The anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal, lateral talo-first metatarsal, and hallux valgus angles were measured on weight-bearing radiographs. The data were analyzed using a multiple regression model, with age, sex, and radiographic indices as explanatory variables.Results: Overall, 123 patients were enrolled in this study, and 246 standing foot radiographs were evaluated along with scores in each domain of the OxAFQ. The factors affecting physical domain scores in the OxAFQ-c were female sex (p = 0.047) and the anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal angle (p = 0.033). Age of ≥10 years was a significant factor (p < 0.05) affecting all domains in both the OxAFQ-c and OxAFQ-p other than the physical domain score.Conclusions: Although pes planovalgus deformity is 3-dimensional, the forefoot abduction component of the deformity should be carefully assessed as it is closely related to subjective symptoms. Further, in female patients with a more severe anteroposterior talo-first metatarsal angle, an aggravation of symptoms with aging should be expected when managing pes planovalgus deformity.Level Of Evidence: Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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716. The frontal eye fields limit the capacity of visual short-term memory in rhesus monkeys.
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Kyoung-Min Lee and Kyung-Ha Ahn
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The frontal eye fields (FEF) in rhesus monkeys have been implicated in visual short-term memory (VSTM) as well as control of visual attention. Here we examined the importance of the area in the VSTM capacity and the relationship between VSTM and attention, using the chemical inactivation technique and multi-target saccade tasks with or without the need of target-location memory. During FEF inactivation, serial saccades to targets defined by color contrast were unaffected, but saccades relying on short-term memory were impaired when the target count was at the capacity limit of VSTM. The memory impairment was specific to the FEF-coded retinotopic locations, and subject to competition among targets distributed across visual fields. These results together suggest that the FEF plays a crucial role during the entry of information into VSTM, by enabling attention deployment on targets to be remembered. In this view, the memory capacity results from the limited availability of attentional resources provided by FEF: The FEF can concurrently maintain only a limited number of activations to register the targets into memory. When lesions render part of the area unavailable for activation, the number would decrease, further reducing the capacity of VSTM.
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- 2013
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717. Selection of appropriate reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in a streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease model of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
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Sang-Je Park, Young-Hyun Kim, Youngjeon Lee, Kyoung-Min Kim, Heui-Soo Kim, Sang-Rae Lee, Sun-Uk Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Ji-Su Kim, Kang-Jin Jeong, Kyoung-Min Lee, Jae-Won Huh, and Kyu-Tae Chang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has been widely used to quantify relative gene expression because of the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of this technique. In order to obtain reliable gene expression data from RT-qPCR experiments, it is important to utilize optimal reference genes for the normalization of target gene expression under varied experimental conditions. Previously, we developed and validated a novel icv-STZ cynomolgus monkey model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. However, in order to enhance the reliability of this disease model, appropriate reference genes must be selected to allow meaningful analysis of the gene expression levels in the icv-STZ cynomolgus monkey brain. In this study, we assessed the expression stability of 9 candidate reference genes in 2 matched-pair brain samples (5 regions) of control cynomolgus monkeys and those who had received intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (icv-STZ). Three well-known analytical programs geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper were used to choose the suitable reference genes from the total sample group, control group, and icv-STZ group. Combination analysis of the 3 different programs clearly indicated that the ideal reference genes are RPS19 and YWHAZ in the total sample group, GAPDH and RPS19 in the control group, and ACTB and GAPDH in the icv-STZ group. Additionally, we validated the normalization accuracy of the most appropriate reference genes (RPS19 and YWHAZ) by comparison with the least stable gene (TBP) using quantification of the APP and MAPT genes in the total sample group. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first study to identify and validate the appropriate reference genes in cynomolgus monkey brains. These findings provide useful information for future studies involving the expression of target genes in the cynomolgus monkey.
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- 2013
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718. P3-5: Temporal Interactions between Binocular Inputs in Visual Evoked-Potentials
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Sunkyue Kim and Kyoung-Min Lee
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Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The interaction between neural activity driven by inputs through the two eyes were examined using visual evoked-potentials (VEP) in normal human subjects. VEP recordings were obtained at the occipital electrodes using binocularly asynchronous pattern-reversal checkerboard stimuli: The patter-reversal times for the two eyes differed by 0, ±50, ±150, or ±350 ms, with the positive stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) meaning that the right-eye reversal occurred first. For comparison, monocular VEPs were also obtained using trial conditions where the checkerboard pattern-reversals were shown to only one eye, while a blank field to the other. The VEPs of the various trial conditions were analyzed using both temporal and frequency analysis methods. Three observations were made: First, the N75 amplitude was significantly reduced in the ±50 ms SOA conditions. Second, on ±150 ms and ± ms SOA conditions, a negative potential was observed over the period when the stimuli were binocularly incongruent. Third, the alpha-band power was reduced and the beta-band power increased on asynchronous conditions, compared to the synchronous patter-reversal. These findings show that activities of binocular neurons in the visual cortices get modulated by binocular incongruity in the asynchronous pattern-reversal stimuli. Our stimuli may prove valuable in elucidating neural mechanisms of integration of binocular visual inputs, especially when combined with brain source-localization techniques and compared between normal subjects and patients with dysfunction in binocular vision.
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- 2012
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719. The Effects of Body Action and Attentive Anticipation on Oculomotor Fixation Stability
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Hyosun Choi and Kyoung-Min Lee
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Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Tiny eye movements, such as micro-saccades, ocular tremor, and drifts, occur involuntarily during fixation. We found evidence that involvement of body action and anticipation of visual stimuli modulates them. While eye movements were monitored, subjects performed the working memory task with a touch-screen display in two different conditions. In the passive condition, each number was shown for 400-ms and spaced in time by 500-ms automatically. In the active condition, touching action was required to trigger the appearance of each number. The delay between the touch and stimulus onset was constant within a block as 200, 500, or 800-ms. Subjects were prompted to type in the number sequence after five numbers were shown. As a measure of fixation instability, deviation of eye position was analyzed by comparing eye positions with those during the reference interval (0∼50ms time period after the number onset). We observed two results: first, the deviation was smaller in pre-reference time than in post-reference time. Second, the deviation was smaller in the active condition. These results show that micro eye movements are influenced by attentive anticipation of upcoming events, which becomes more pronounced with bodily interactions. These findings suggest a cross-modal interaction among visual, motor, and oculomotor systems.
- Published
- 2011
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