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Osvrt na članak »Suvremena preispitivanja kršćanske antropologije« Crkva u svijetu br. 2/1970.

In this work, we present the influence of the reaction time of a complex substance (trisodium citrate) with a copper source (Cu2SO4 center dot 5H(2)O) on the structural, morphological and optical properties of CuS thin films deposited at 55-70 min. using chemical bath deposition onto glass substrate. In the first process, trisodium citrate and Cu2SO4 center dot 5H(2)O were mixed for 1 min, while the substances were mixed for 1 h. in the second process. The hexagonal structure of the deposited polycrystalline thin films with a preferred orientation along (130) was determined by the XRD technique except for the thin films deposited at 70 min. The surface roughnesses of the thin films were different from each other. The direct optical band gaps of CuS thin films obtained from the first process were found to be 2.39-2.45, whereas those of the second process were found to be 2.34-2.48 eV.

One of the challenges in the field of perovskite solar cells (PSC) is the development of inorganic hole-transporting-materials (HTM) suitable for solution-processed deposition, in order to have cheaper, more stable and scalable devices. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of p-type copper sulfide nanoparticles for their application for the first time as a low-cost, fully-inorganic HTM in mesoscopic n-i-p PSC. By employing CuS combined with two different perovskites, CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI(3)) and (FAPbI(3))(0.78)(MAPbBr(3))(0.14)(CsPbI3)(0.08) (CsFAMAPbIBr), very high current densities and fill-factors are observed, suggesting an effective hole-extraction happening at the CuS interface. Noticeable, our cells exhibit one of the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCE) in n-i-p configuration employing a sole solution-processed inorganic HTM via non-toxic solvents, leading to 13.47% and 11.85% for MAPbI(3) and CsFAMAPbIBr, respectively. As a remark, such PCE values are only limited by a reduced open-circuit voltage around 0.8 V, due to different phenomena occurring at perovkite/CuS interface such as an increased non-radiative recombination, caused by considerable difference in valence band value, and the effect of CuS metallic character. Overall, these findings highlight CuS as an extremely cheap alternative to common organic HTMs and pave the way to new improvements employing this material in full-inorganic blocking layers PSC.

噴霧熱分解法による微粒子製造 4 Preparation of zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide fine particles with different particle sizes by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis 14 Formation of submicron copper sulfide particles by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis 38 静電噴霧熱分解法による微粒子製造 51 Effect of electrostatic properties of spray solution on the nanometer-sized metal sulfide particles preparing by the electrospray pyrolysis 61, 研究期間:平成8-9年度 ; 研究種目:基盤研究C ; 課題番号: 08650893