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The proliferation of World Wide Web pages with poor usability is a serious problem because these pages waste user time, discourage exploration and could be responsible for a large amount of unnecessary traffic on the Internet. To alleviate this problem, we are proposing a set of simple guidelines for designing usable Web pages. The guidelines were compiled from a heuristic evaluation of existing Web sites. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the usability of home pages designed with the proposed guidelines. The experiment demonstrated that designers of Web pages can improve the usability of home pages by applying these guidelines.

In medical analysis field, patients often must visit a multitude of laboratories related web sites in order to check availability, booking, prices, result duration, and find the nearest laboratory. Thus, these varieties of reasons to visit the web sites make limitations on the usability of them. However, to overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a Virtual Medical Analysis Laboratory (VMAL) prototype system which will be based on applying the Semantic Web Services (SWSs) for scheduling outpatient tests in order to discover the suitable laboratory. Furthermore, the proposed prototype will also be based on the Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)

The US Food and Drug Administration has recently updated its website, Oncology Tools, and now provides selected materials in French, Japanese, and Arabic—with Chinese, Dutch, German, and Spanish to follow soon. The site brings together US regulatory information, a searchable database of approved (in the USA) oncology drugs, details on obtaining access (legally) to unapproved drugs, links to sites that provide information on specific cancers and clinical trials, and an array of interactive assessment tools. Highlights of the “approved oncology drugs” section—beyond the listing itself, which can be sorted by drug name, brand name, or manufacturer—include information on drugs to treat specific cancers, pediatric uses of drugs, and when to consider using unapproved therapies. The “regulatory tools” section features information on specific FDA cancer initiatives, an overview of FDA’s structure and responsibilities, information on institutional review boards, a dictionary of regulatory terms, a searchable archive of oncologic drugs advisory committee meetings, and requirements for filing applications for new and investigational drugs. Of interest in the “bioethics” area are various documents on human research protection, including such primary resources as the Helsinki Declaration and the 1979 Belmont Report on ethical principles. For clinicans, the “oncology reference tools” section is especially useful. Users can calculate drug dosages; assess caloric and fluid requirements; evaluate performance status using Karnofsky, ECOG/Zubrod, or Lansky scores; and check toxicity criteria using tables from the US National Cancer Institute, Southwestern Oncology Group, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, and WHO. A disease staging manual is also available.

Web applications are the most widely used class of software today. Increased diversity of web-client platform configurations causes execution of web applications to vary unpredictably, creating a myriad of challenges for quality assurance during development. This paper presents a novel technique and an inductive model that leverages empirical data from fielded systems to evaluate web application correctness across multiple client configurations. The inductive model is based on HTML tags and represents how web applications are expected to execute in each client configuration based on the fielded systems observed. End-users and developers update this model by providing empirical data in the form of positive (correctly executing) and negative (incorrectly executing) instances of fielded web applications. The results of an empirical study show that the approach is useful and that popular web applications have serious client-configuration-specific flaws.

Nowadays, Web applications are very prevalent around the world, and it becomes more and more important to ensure their qualities by testing. However, due to the special characters of Web applications, traditional testing methods are not suitable for Web testing in many aspects. So based on the related work by now, this paper presents our research work in such areas as the Web application modeling, the test case generation, the detailed testing methods and techniques, the testing executing process, and the testing measurements. And based on the rules of software engineering, these processes are the necessary parts of the whole testing. Our methods focus on such specialties as numerous users, distributed structures, dynamic and interactive functions of Web applications and the improvements for the testing efficiency.

As an aid to the study of the World-Wide Web, we have developed a software application that allows a user to observe the messages passed between a Web browser and a Web server. The application is based on the Mozilla Web Browser, and displays the HTTP headers sent and received by the browser. The program could be used by students in courses studying the Web, by researchers interested in the behavior of Web servers, and by developers to debug Web-based applications.

The Web has been growing in size and complexity and is used for the most diverse activities in our everyday life, becoming almost indispensable. Besides, Web applications are becoming more popular, and consequently used by a wide range of people. Thus, it is important to evaluate the accessibility of those applications to guarantee that everyone can access the information. Currently, there are some tools to evaluate the accessibility of classical Web pages, which use WCAG guidelines. However, Web applications impose different challenges, so it is mandatory to find a way to automatically obtain the dynamically introduced HTML code, in order to evaluate what users really experience. This paper details a new process of accessibility evaluation of Web applications, which evaluates the content by triggering possible events that partially change the Web page. It also presents an experimental study with several Web applications, demonstrating the potential of this framework in evaluating Web applications.

The rapid diffusion of Internet and open standard technologies is producing a significant growth of the demand of Web sites and Web applications with more and more strict requirements of usability, reliability, interoperability and security. While several methodological and technological proposals for developing Web applications are coining both from industry and academia, there is a general lack of methods and tools to carry out the key processes that significantly impact the quality of a Web application (WA), such as the validation & verification (V&V), and quality assurance. Some open issues in the field of Web application testing are addressed in this paper. The paper exploits an object-oriented model of a WA as a test model, and proposes a definition of the unit level for testing the WA. Based on this model, a method to test the single units of a WA and for the integration testing is proposed. Moreover, in order to experiment with the proposed technique and strategy, an integrated platform of tools comprising a Web application analyzer, a repository, a test case generator and a test case executor, has been developed and is presented in the paper. A case study, carried out with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of the proposed method and tools, produced interesting and encouraging results.

Functional testing requires executing particular sequences of user actions. Test automation tools enable scripting user actions such that they can be repeated more easily. SELENIUM, for instance, enables testing web applications through scripts that interact with a web browser and assert properties about its observable state. However, little is known about how common such tests are in practice. We therefore present a cross-sectional quantitative study of the prevalence of SELENIUM-based tests among open-source web applications, and of the extent to which such tests are used within individual applications. Automating functional tests also brings about the problem of maintaining test scripts. As the system under test evolves, its test scripts are bound to break. Even less is known about the way test scripts change over time. We therefore also present a longitudinal quantitative study of whether and for how long test scripts are maintained, as well as a longitudinal qualitative study of the kind of changes they undergo. To the former's end, we propose two new metrics based on whether a commit to the application's version repository touches a test file. To the latter's end, we propose to categorize the changes within each commit based on the elements of the test upon which they operate. As such, we are able to identify the elements of a test that are most prone to change.

The article deals with experimental verification of three distinct UX web application testing methods in areas of agriculture, food industry, forestry, water management and rural development. The verification was conducted using agrarian WWW portal AGRIS. The three analyzed methods were five-second test, thirty-second test and usability test with preset scenario. The usability test yielded best results. The results of thirty-second test were satisfactory while the five-second test proved to be unsuitable for the given area.

The aims of this research are to design and to implement network security system in internal web testing using DeMilitarized Zone Method and Microtic Router on Siakad server of STMIK AKBA. Data analysis techniques that possible to use is descriptive method. The significances of the study are 1) to avoid the attack of cracker who intend to access the system without permissions and 2) to improve network securityon web testing services on Siakad server of STMIK AKBA. The data are obtained by having literature review and observation. Literature review assists the researchers to collect the theory on DeMilitarised Zone Method and the previous studies which were used as comparison to the recent study. Obervation was carried out directly to the field to observe the running system. Based on the results and discussion, it is shown that the aplication of DeMilitarized Zone Method on microtic can secure the web testing on Siakad server of STMIK AKBA and can maintain the whole series of online services that are available in the server.

Web applications can be composed of heterogeneous selfcontained web services. Such applications are usually modified to fix errors or to enhance their functionality. After modifications, regression testing is essential to ensure that modifications do not lead to adverse effects. In this paper, we present a safe regression testing algorithm that selects an adequate number of non-redundant test sequences aiming to find modification-related errors. In our technique, a web application and the behavior of its composed components are specified by a two-level abstract model represented as a Timed Labeled Transition System. Our algorithm selects every test sequence that corresponds to a different behavior in the modified system. We discuss three situations for applying this algorithm: (1) connecting to a newly established web service that fulfills a composed web service, (2) adding or removing an operation in any of the composed web services, (3) modifying the specification of the web application. Moreover, modifications handled by the algorithm are classified into three classes: (a) adding an operation, (b) deleting an operation, (c) fixing a condition or an action. Key-words : label transition systems, testing, verification, web service, web application.

The Web has very rapidly become central to many applications in diverse areas. As our reliance on Web-based applications continues to increase and the Web systems supporting these applications become more complex, there is growing concern about the manner in which the Web-based systems/applications are created and their quality, integrity and maintainability. The development of Web-based systems has generally been ad hoc, resulting in poor quality and maintainability. In the recent times, there have been many failures of Web applications due to a variety of problems and causes. The way the developers address these problems is critical to deploying successful large-scale Web applications.This tutorial addresses these issues and offers a holistic approach to managing the complexity of development of Web-based systems and Web applications. It highlights the various real-world issues, challenges and considerations in development of large Web applications, compared to traditional software development, and recommends the Web engineering approach that Web/software developers could follow.Web engineering deals with systematic, disciplined and quantifiable approaches to development, operation, and maintenance of Web-based systems and applications [1-9]. It embodies engineering principles and practices to Web application and Web site development and draws on software engineering and a number of contributing disciplines.Specifically, the tutorial aims to:• Highlight the problems, complexity and challenges of Web application development relative to software development• Offer a holistic approach to development of Web applications• Present Web development methodologies and processes• Address the issues of scalability, maintainability, usability, configuration management and other non-technical aspects• Recommend suitable Web testing and quality assurance approaches• Discuss project management issues specific to Web developmentThis tutorial is specifically targeted to address the needs of a growing community of software practitioners, Web application developers, project managers IT and business professionals, ecommerce system implementers, academics, researchers and students.

High quality is one of the critical elements contributing to Web service's success. Monitoring events that are sensitive to quality of Web services is thus an important issue for Web services. This paper proposes an online monitoring approach for web service. This approach is driven by a quality model which covers five kinds of events: the response to client, application execution, changing states of resources, client request, and management operations. We introduce a monitoring framework that collects quality sensitive events by multiple kinds of probes and agents. The framework can do some analysis according to the pre-specified constraints, so as to evaluate the quality of web service. The initial implementation and experiment with a web-based auction example shows that our approach is feasible, and the monitoring cost is affordable.

The code written by a software developer is not always flawless. The more code is created the more errors are introduced into the system. In web development different programming languages can be used to implement back-end and front-end sides of the application. For example, it is possible to implement user input validation multiple times —it validates the input values on client-side using JavaScript before the data is sent to server and then the received data is validated again on the server-side. The logic is duplicated, changes made to the validation code must be synchronised on both sides. All implementations must be also unit tested, which increases the time required to create and maintain multiple sets of unit tests. In this paper, we will describe how white-box testing tool Pex can be extended to generate user input validation code for ASP.NET MVC web applications. The validation code won't be duplicated in JavaScript on the client-side and the application will be protected from sending invalid input values from the client-side. The testers can focus on testing using meaningful data input values. Testing of corner cases can be automated thus saving the available resources— testers involved in testing and time spent on testing.

Nowadays, the evaluation of the accessibility of Enterprise Web Information Systems is based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0), created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 2008 and adopted in 2012 by the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) as ISO/IEC 40500 standard. Web accessibility evaluation tools are software programs or online services that help developers determine if web content meets the accessibility guidelines. This paper shows the extension of an existing online tool, with the aim of exposing its functionality also as an Application Program Interface (API). The original tool is used through a Web user interface, and this extension exposes functionality through web services based on REST technology, so that developers can invoke them from their own applications for accessibility testing.