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643 results on '"maximum power point"'

601. Optimized Modeling and Control Strategy of the Single-Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter.

Author

Lee, Seongjun and Kim, Jonghoon

Subjects
PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, CASCADE converters, DIRECT current electric motors, ELECTRIC potential, VOLTAGE control
Abstract

This paper presents the modeling and control-loop design method with an inverted decoupling scheme of a single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected five-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter. For the unity power factor, the proportional and integral current controller with a duty ratio feed-forward compensation is used. In addition, in order to achieve the maximum power point tracking of each photovoltaic array, when the stacked modules are in the partial shading condition, each direct current (DC) voltage is stably controlled to their maximum power points (MPP) by dedicated voltage controllers of each H-bridge module. This paper also presents a control method that minimizes the effect of the loop-interaction in the design of an individual DC-link voltage control loop in a two-input two-output system. The proposed control methods of the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter are validated through the simulation and experimental results of the 2-kW prototype hardware. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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602. Shading Ratio Impact on Photovoltaic Modules and Correlation with Shading Patterns.

Author

Gutiérrez Galeano, Alonso, Bressan, Michael, Jiménez Vargas, Fernando, and Alonso, Corinne

Subjects
*PHOTOVOLTAIC cells, *CRYSTALS, *PHOTOELECTRIC cells, *ROCKS, *SOLIDS
Abstract

This paper presents the study of a simplified approach to model and analyze the performance of partially shaded photovoltaic modules using the shading ratio. This approach integrates the characteristics of shaded area and shadow opacity into the photovoltaic cell model. The studied methodology is intended to improve the description of shaded photovoltaic systems by specifying an experimental procedure to quantify the shadow impact. Furthermore, with the help of image processing, the analysis of the shading ratio provides a set of rules useful for predicting the current–voltage behavior and the maximum power points of shaded photovoltaic modules. This correlation of the shading ratio and shading patterns can contribute to the supervision of actual photovoltaic installations. The experimental results validate the proposed approach in monocrystalline and polycrystalline technologies of solar panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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603. ADAPTIVE MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING ALGORITHM FOR MULTI-VARIABLE APPLICATIONS IN PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS

Author

Andrés Julián Saaaavedra Montes, Carlos Andrés Ramos Pajaaja, and Luz Adriana Trejos Grisales

Subjects
Photovoltaic Generation, Adaptive Algorithm, Maximum Power Point, Efficiency, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Classical algorithms for multi-variable photovoltaic systems use fixed-size perturbations, which does not optimize the produced power in both steady-state and transient conditions. Therefore, an adaptive maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems is proposed in this paper to improve the power generation in both transient and steady-state conditions. The proposed algorithm only uses a single pair of current/voltage sensors to reach the global maximum available power, which contrast with the high number of sensors required by others distributed maximum power point tracking solutions. The algorithm recognizes the voltage pattern exhibited by PV system in both steady-state and transient conditions to adapt the size perturbations accordingly: in steady-state conditions reduces the perturbation size to minimize the power loses, while in transient conditions increases the perturbation size to speed-up the tracking of the new operating point. Finally, the adaptive multi-variable perturb and observe algorithm is validated by means of simulation using detailed models.

604. Maximum power point tracking technique based on optimized adaptive differential conductance.

Author

Eze, Val Hyginus U., Iloanusi, Ogechukwu N., Eze, Martin C., and Osuagwu, Charles C.

Subjects
*MAXIMUM power point trackers, *DC-to-DC converters, *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, *ADAPTIVE modulation, *PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation
Abstract

Maximum power point (MPP) tracking technique based an optimized adaptive differential conductance technique was developed in this paper. The performance of the algorithm developed in this paper was evaluated at solar irradiance of 1,000, 800 and 600 W/m2 and at temperature of 298, 328 and 358 K. From the simulation results, it was observed that the impedance of the panel decreases as the irradiance increases while the impedance of the load is not affected by the irradiance. This technique was also validated with conventional incremental conductance (INC) technique. From the validation result, the resultant conductance of the optimized adaptive differential conductance technique at MPP is 0.0030 mho higher than resultant conductance at ideal condition while conventional technique has the resultant conductance of 0.0418 mho lower than the resultant conductance at ideal condition. From the analysis, the technique has a relative improvement of 6.0558% compared to the conventional INC technique. The simulation was done using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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605. Control of Power and Voltage of Solar Grid Connected

Author

Labed Djamel and Boucetta Abd Allah

Subjects
Engineering, Maximum power point, Control and Optimization, Matlab/Simulink, General Computer Science, Maximum power principle, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Maximum power point tracking, Solar micro-inverter, 0502 economics and business, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Electronic engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Grid-connected photovoltaic power system, Grid-tie inverter, Power grid, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rooftop photovoltaic power station, Instrumentation, Total harmonic distortion, business.industry, VOC, 05 social sciences, Photovoltaic system, Direct current, Electrical engineering, Grid-connected, Solar energy, Renewable energy, Power optimizer, Stand-alone power system, Three-phase, Hardware and Architecture, Control and Systems Engineering, Distributed generation, Embedded system, Photovoltaic, Inverter, Electricity, business, 050203 business & management, Information Systems, Voltage
Abstract

Renewable energy is high on international agendas. Currently, grid-connected photovoltaic systems are a popular technology to convert solar energy into electricity. Control of power injected into the grid, maximum power point, high efficiency, and low total harmonic distortion of the currents injected into the grid are the requirements for inverter connection into the grid. Consequently, the performance of the inverters connected to the grid depends largely on the control strategy applied. In this paper the simulation and design of grid connected three phase photovoltaic system using Matlab/Simulink has examined. The proposed system consists photovoltaic panels, boost and inverter the PV system convert the sun irradiation into direct current, thereafter we have used a boost to track the maximum power point of the PV system, three-phase inverter and LC output filter. A VOC control strategy based on the phase shifting of the inverter output voltage with respect to the grid voltage. The proposed control strategy requires few hardware and computational resources. As a result, the inverter implementation is simple, and it becomes an attractive solution for low power grid connected applications.

Published
2016

606. Smart power unit with ultra low power radio trigger capabilities for wireless sensor networks

Author

Magno, M., Marinkovic, S., Davide Brunelli, Popovici, E., O Flynn, B., Benini, L., Magno M., Marinkovic S., Brunelli D., Popovici E., O'Flynn B., and Benini L.

Subjects
Hardware_GENERAL, Maximum Power Point, Multi energy harvester, Power management circuit, Radio trigger, Solar harvester, Wireless sensor network
Abstract

This paper presents the design, implementation and characterization of an energy–efficient smart power unit for a wireless sensor network with a versatile nano-Watt wake up radio receiver. A novel Smart Power Unit has been developed featuring multi-source energy harvesting, multi-storage adaptive recharging, electrochemical fuel cell integration, radio wake-up capability and embedded intelligence. An ultra low power on board microcontroller performs maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and optimized charging of supercapacitor or Li-Ion battery at the maximum efficiency. The power unit can communicate with the supplied node via serial interface (I2C or SPI) to provide status of resources or dynamically adapt its operational parameters. The architecture is very flexible: it can host different types of harvesters (solar, wind, vibration, etc.). Also, it can be configured and controlled by using the wake-up radio to enable the design of very efficient power management techniques on the power unit or on the supplied node. Experimental results on the developed prototype demonstrate ultra-low power consumption of the power unit using the wake-up radio. In addition, the power transfer efficiency of the multi-harvester and fuel cell matches the state-of-the-art for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Published
2012

607. Environmental/Climatic Effect on Stand-Alone Solar Energy Supply Performance for Sustainable Energy

Author

Nnadi, DBN

Subjects
solar radiation, maximum power point, Photovoltaic panel, environmental factors, power systems, power electronics, electrical engineering
Abstract

This paper investigates the climatic eects and environmental variations on the performance of a stand-alone photovoltaic system. The eects of partial shading with dierent climate conditions and load resistance variations were examined. A survey of some of the work done in this eld of environmental eect on solar panel was included. Also PV cell was modeled from which MATLAB simulations were carried out to investigate some of the climatic and environmental eects on PV system. A discussion of results obtained from simulations is also included in this paper. Simulated results are given and comparisons were made between simulated results and earlier works done. Simulation results obtained tries to justify the findings.

Published
2012

608. Growing Neural Gas-Based MPPT of Variable Pitch

Author

Cirrincione Maurizio, Pucci MArcello, and Vitale Gianpaolo.

Subjects
variable pitch turbines, tracking (MPPT), Induction machine, maximum power point, neural networks (NNs)
Abstract

This paper proposes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique for variable pitch wind generators with induction machines, which can suitably be adopted in both the maximum power range and the constant power range of the wind speed. For this purpose, anMPPT technique based on the growing neural gas (GNG) wind turbine surface identification and the corresponding function inversion has been adopted to cover also the situation of constant rated power region. This has been obtained by including the blade pitch angle in the space of the data learnt by the GNG and feeding back the estimated wind speed to compute the correct value of the pitch angle, which permits the machine to work at rated power and torque. A further enhancement of the pitch angle selection by a simple perturb & observe method has been added to cope with slight wind estimation errors occurring at machine rated speed. The proposed methodology has been verified both in numerical simulation and experimentally on a properly devised test setup. The correct behavior of the system has been proved also on a real wind speed profile on a daily scale.

Published
2012

609. Μελέτη καθορισμού των βέλτιστων σημείων λειτουργίας φωτοβολταϊκών συστημάτων

Author

Γιαννακόπουλος, Γαβριήλ, Kosmas, Christos, and Γιαννακόπουλος, Βοβός

Subjects
Maximum power point, Φωτοβολταϊκά συστήματα, Photovoltaic systems, Μέγιστο σημείο ισχύος, 621.312 44
Abstract

Η παρούσα διπλωματική έχει ως σκοπό να διερευνήσει τους τρόπους με τους οποίους θα μπορέσουμε να λειτουργήσουμε φωτοβολταϊκά συστήματα στο βέλτιστο σημείο τους, στο σημείο μέγιστης ισχύος. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρονται γενικά χαρακτηριστικά, αρχές λειτουργίας και σχέσεις μοντελοποίησης του φωτοβολταϊκού πλαισίου. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο εξετάζονται οι διατάξεις Ανίχνευσης Μέγιστου Σημείου Ισχύος (Maximum Power Point Tracking) και δίνεται βαρύτητα στις 3 βασικότερες τοπολογίες των μετατροπέων: DC-DC μετατροπέας υποβιβασμού τάσης (step down ή buck DC-DC converter), DC-DC μετατροπέας ανύψωσης τάσης (step up ή boost DC-DC converter), μικτός DC-DC μετατροπέας (step down/up ή buck-boost DC-DC converter). Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται αναλυτικά ο μικτός DC-DC μετατροπέας και όλες οι περιπτώσεις λειτουργίας του (λειτουργία συνεχούς ρεύματος, οριακή λειτουργία, ασυνεχής λειτουργία) Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο αναλύονται οι αρχές λειτουργίας και οι βασικές ιδιότητες των αλγόριθμων αναζήτησης MPP. Κατηγοριοποιούνται σε ομάδες ενώ αναφέρονται τα κύρια πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματα. Αναφορικά κάποιοι από αυτούς είναι: ο αλγόριθμος διατάραξης και παρατήρησης, ο αλγόριθμος αυξητικής αγωγιμότητας και ο αλγόριθμος παρασιτικής χωρητικότητας. Στο πέμπτο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο γίνεται προσομοίωση στον υπολογιστή ενός φωτοβολταϊκού συστήματος με DC-DC μετατροπέα και σταθερό ωμικό φορτίο με τη βοήθεια του λογισμικού Matlab/Simulink. Γίνεται υπολογισμός των βασικών στοιχείων του και εξάγονται οι γραφικές παραστάσεις για τη λειτουργία του σε διαφορετικές καταστάσεις ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας και θερμοκρασίας. Τέλος, από την προσομοίωση φαίνονται τα αποτελέσματα στην απόδοση του φωτοβολταϊκού όταν μεταβάλουμε το βήμα διαταραχής της σχετικής διάρκειας αγωγής και το χρόνο δειγματοληψίας.

Published
2010

610. Adaptive maximum power point tracking algorithm for multi-variable applications in photovoltaic arrays

Author

Saavedra Montes, Andrés Julián, Ramos Paja, Carlos Andres, Trejos Grisales, Luz A., Saavedra Montes, Andrés Julián, Ramos Paja, Carlos Andres, and Trejos Grisales, Luz A.

Abstract

Classical algorithms for multi-variable photovoltaic systems use fixed-size perturbations, which does not optimize the produced power in both steady-state and transient conditions. Therefore, an adaptive maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems is proposed in this paper to improve the power generation in both transient and steady-state conditions. The proposed algorithm only uses a single pair of current/voltage sensors to reach the global maximum available power, which contrast with the high number of sensors required by others distributed maximum power point tracking solutions. The algorithm recognizes the voltage pattern exhibited by PV system in both steady-state and transient conditions to adapt the size perturbations accordingly: in steady-state conditions reduces the perturbation size to minimize the power loses, while in transient conditions increases the perturbation size to speed-up the tracking of the new operating point. Finally, the adaptive multi-variable perturb and observe algorithm is validated by means of simulation using detailed models., Os algorítmos clássicos para sistemas fotovoltaicos multi-variáveis usam perturbações com amplitude fixa, o qual não otimiza a potência produzida em condições estacionárias e transitórias. Por tanto, em este artigo propõe-se um algorítmo adaptativo para o rastreamento do ponto de máxima potência, o qual incrementa a potência gerada em condições estacionárias e transitórias. O algorítmo requer um único par de sensores de corrente/voltaje para atingir o ponto de potência máxima global, em contraste com o alto número de sensores requeridos por outras soluções distribuídas do rastreamento do ponto de máxima potência. O algorítmo reconhece o padrão de voltaje descrito pelo sistema fotovoltaico em condições estacionárias e transitórias para adaptar o tamanho das perturbações: é condições estacionárias reduz o tamanho das perturbações para minimizar as perdas de potência, enquanto em condições transitórias incrementa o tamanho das perturbações para acelerar o rastreamento do novo ponto de operação. Finalmente, o algorítmo é validado através de simulação utilizando um modelo matemático detalhado de um sistema fotovoltaico., Los algoritmos clásicos para sistemas fotovoltaicos multi-variables usan perturbaciones con amplitud fija, lo cual no optimiza la potencia producida en condiciones estacionarias y transitorias. Por tanto, en este artículo se propone un algoritmo adaptativo para el seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia, el cual incrementa la potencia generada en condiciones estacionarias y transitorias. El algoritmo requiere un único par de sensores de corriente/voltaje para alcanzar el punto de potencia máxima global, en contraste con el alto número de sensores requeridos por otras soluciones distribuidas del seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia. El algoritmo reconoce el patrón de voltaje descrito por el sistema fotovoltaico en condiciones estacionarias y transitorias para adaptar el tamaño de las perturbaciones: es condiciones estacionarias reduce el tamaño de las perturbaciones para minimizar las pérdidas de potencia, mientras que en condiciones transitorias incrementa el tamaño de las perturbaciones para acelerar el seguimiento del nuevo punto de operación. Finalmente, el algoritmo es validado a través de simulación utilizando un modelo matemático detallado de un sistema fotovoltaico.

Published
2013

611. An investigation into the effect of photovoltaic module electric properties on maximum power point trajectory with the aim of its alignment with electrolyzer U-I characteristic

Author

Ankica Đukić and Mihajlo Firak

Subjects
photovoltaic module, Materials science, Equivalent series resistance, Maximum power principle, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery, Photovoltaic system, parallel resistance, Solar irradiance, non-ideality factor, Automotive engineering, law.invention, electrolyzer, operating (U-I) characteristic, Photovoltaic module, Series resistance, Parallel resistance, Operating (U-I) characteristic, Maximum power point, Electrolyzer, law, Solar cell, maximum power point, lcsh:TJ1-1570, Electric current, series resistance, Nominal power (photovoltaic), Voltage
Abstract

In or der to com bine a pho to vol taic mod ule and an electrolyzer to pro duce hy dro gen from wa ter, an in ter me di ate DC/DC con verter can be used to adapt out put power fea tures of the mod ule to in put power fea tures of the electrolyzer. This can also be done with out us ing elec tron ics, which re sults in sav ing as much as 700 USD/kW, as pre vi ous in ves ti ga tion has shown. A more so phis ti cated in ves ti ga tion should be car ried out with the aim of im prov ing high sys tem ef fi ciency, re sult ing in match ing the pho to vol taic mod ule max i mum power point tra jec tory (the max i mum power point path in the U- I plane as a re sult of so lar irradiance change) to the op er at ing char ac ter is tic of the electrolyzer. This pa per pres ents an anal y sis of the in flu ences of pho to vol taic mod ule elec tric prop er ties, such as se ries and par al lel re sis tance and non-ideality fac tor, on the max i mum power point tra jec tory at dif fer ent lev els of so lar irradiance. The pos si bil ity of var i ous in cli na tions (right – ver ti cal – left) in re la tion to an ar bi trary cho sen op er at ing char ac ter is tic of the electrolyzer is also dem on strated. Sim u lated re sults are ob tained by us ing Matlab/Simulink sim u la - tions of the well known one-di ode model. Sim u la tions have been con firmed with ex - per i ments on a real pho to vol taic mod ule where so lar irradiance, so lar cell tem per - a ture, elec tric cur rent, and volt age in the cir cuit with vari able ohmic re sis tance have been mea sured.

Published
2010

612. Analysis of MPPT algorithms for photovoltaic panels based on ripple correlation techniques in presence of parasitic components

Author

Simone Buso, Paolo Mattavelli, and Giorgio Spiazzi

Subjects
Engineering, Maximum power point, business.industry, Photovoltaic system, Ripple, Converters, photovoltaic panel, renewable energy, Maximum power point tracking, Power (physics), Inductance, Parasitic capacitance, ripple correlation technique, Electronic engineering, Grid-connected photovoltaic power system, business, Algorithm
Abstract

The Maximum Power Point Tracking algorithms based on power and voltage (or current) ripple components have been proved to allow an effective and low cost analog implementation, suitable for interfacing photovoltaic (PV) panels with batteries or inverters connected to the utility grid. However, when exploiting the inherent switching frequency ripple components caused by power converters, PV panel reactive parasitic elements, like output shunt capacitance and series inductance, can play a key role in determining the overall algorithm efficiency. The paper addresses this topic by investigating the effect of these parasitic components, through analytical models, as well as by simulations and experimental measurements, when a high-frequency (> 100 kHz) dc-dc converter is employed as a MPP tracker.

Published
2009

613. The Effect of PV module electric properties on the Maximum Power Point (MPP) trajectory with aim of its alignment to electrolyzer U-I characteristics

Author

Firak, Mihajlo and Đukić, Ankica

Subjects
PV module, series resistance, parallel resistance, ideality factor, U-I characteristic, maximum power point, electrolyzer
Abstract

In order to combine a PV module and electrolyzer to produce hydrogen from water, we can use an intermediate DC-DC converter to adapt the module's output power features to the electrolyzer input power features. This can also be done without using electronics, thereby saving as much as 700 USD/kW, as previous research has shown. But more sophisticated research should be done to preserve high system efficiency. The final result of that research would result in matching the PV module MPP trajectory (the MPP path in the U-I plane as a result of solar irradiation change) and electrolyzer U-I characteristics. This paper presents an analysis of the influences of PV module electric properties, such as series resistance, parallel resistance and ideality factor, on the MPP trajectory at different levels of solar irradiation. The possibility of a different inclination (right-vertical-left) in relation to an arbitrary chosen electrolyzer U-I characteristic is also demonstrated. Simulated results are obtained using Matlab/Simulink simulations of the well known one diode model which are confirmed by experimentation with a real PV module, where solar irradiation, solar cells temperature, electric current and voltage in the circuit with variable ohmic resistance have been measured.

Published
2009

614. Solar energy harvesting system design using re-configurable charge pump

Author

Li, Xing, Tsui, Chi-Ying, Ki, Wing Hung, Li, Xing, Tsui, Chi-Ying, and Ki, Wing Hung

Abstract

A new reconfigurable charge pump topology with tunable conversion ratio is proposed. Analysis of this charge pump shows that it is very suitable for solar energy harvesting. Based on the proposed charge pump, a solar energy harvesting system, which delivers optimum harvesting efficiency, is designed. Both the conversion ratio and the switching frequency of the charge pump are tuned to search for the maximum power point of the whole system under different operation environment. Post-layout simulation results show that our system has a higher efficiency than the conventional design. © 2012 IEEE.

Published
2012

615. Control del punto de máxima potencia de un panel solar fotovoltaico, utilizando lógica difusa

Author

Robles, Carlos, Villa Hómez, Gabriel Antonio, Robles, Carlos, and Villa Hómez, Gabriel Antonio

Abstract

In this research work a fuzzy logic based design is performed, which allows maximum power point tracking for a solar panel. In this way, the light energy took by the solar panel can be maximized and therefore the system efficiency is improved for variable conditions of solar irradiation and operation temperature. A mathematic model is selected and adapted to the characteristics of the solar panel and then simulated using Matlab. A DC-DC converter is designed under the step-down Buck topology to work in the continue operation mode. The controller is designed and edited using the fuzzy logic toolbox of Matlab. The study was based on the postulates of authors such as Giraldo (2008), Gil (2008), Jiménez (2009), Kolakowski (2009), among others. The population studied consisted of solar panels monocrystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous, carrying out a feasible investigation supported on an experimental design. With the results presented in this work, it is probed the effectiveness of fuzzy logic for non linear systems, achieving maximum power point tracking for variable conditions with excellent convergence times., En el presente estudio se realiza el diseño y modelado de un sistema que permite hacer un control del punto de máxima potencia de un panel solar fotovoltaico utilizando lógica difusa. De esta forma se logra maximizar la energía lumínica captada por el panel solar y por supuesto se alcanza a mejorar la eficiencia del sistema para condiciones de irradiación y temperatura variables. Se realiza la selección y acondicionamiento de un modelo matemático para el panel solar y luego se simula utilizando Matlab. Posteriormente se hace el diseño y modelado de un convertidor DC-DC en la topología tipo Buck para operar en el modo de operación continuo. El controlador difuso es diseñado y validado utilizando el toolbox de lógica difusa de Matlab. Fundamentándose para ello en los trabajos realizados por autores como Giraldo (2008), Gil (2008), Jiménez (2009), Kolakowski (2009), entre otros. La población objeto de estudio la conforman los paneles solares monocristalinos, policristalinos y amorfos, llevándose a cabo una investigación factible con diseño experimental. Como resultado se pudo comprobar la efectividad de la lógica difusa para trabajar con sistemas no lineales, lográndose el control del punto de máxima potencia para diferentes condiciones de operación con excelentes tiempos de convergencia.

Published
2011

616. ADAPTIVE MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING ALGORITHM FOR MULTI-VARIABLE APPLICATIONS IN PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS

Author

Andrés Julián Saaaavedra Montes, Carlos Andrés Ramos Pajaaja, and Luz Adriana Trejos Grisales

Subjects
Photovoltaic Generation, Adaptive Algorithm, lcsh:T, lcsh:TA1-2040, Maximum Power Point, Efficiency, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:Technology
Abstract

Classical algorithms for multi-variable photovoltaic systems use fixed-size perturbations, which does not optimize the produced power in both steady-state and transient conditions. Therefore, an adaptive maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems is proposed in this paper to improve the power generation in both transient and steady-state conditions. The proposed algorithm only uses a single pair of current/voltage sensors to reach the global maximum available power, which contrast with the high number of sensors required by others distributed maximum power point tracking solutions. The algorithm recognizes the voltage pattern exhibited by PV system in both steady-state and transient conditions to adapt the size perturbations accordingly: in steady-state conditions reduces the perturbation size to minimize the power loses, while in transient conditions increases the perturbation size to speed-up the tracking of the new operating point. Finally, the adaptive multi-variable perturb and observe algorithm is validated by means of simulation using detailed models.

619. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Křepela, Pavel, Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, and Křepela, Pavel

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

621. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Svrček, Milan, Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, and Svrček, Milan

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

623. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Křepela, Pavel, Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, and Křepela, Pavel

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

624. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Svrček, Milan, Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, and Svrček, Milan

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

625. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Kubíček, Michal, and Götthans, Tomáš

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

626. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Křivík, Petr, and Vaněk, Jiří

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

629. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Kubíček, Michal, and Götthans, Tomáš

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

634. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Kubíček, Michal, and Götthans, Tomáš

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

635. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Křivík, Petr, and Vaněk, Jiří

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

636. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Kubíček, Michal, and Götthans, Tomáš

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

637. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Křivík, Petr, and Vaněk, Jiří

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

638. Záložní zdroj se solárním dobíjením

Author

Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, Křepela, Pavel, Kubíček, Michal, Götthans, Tomáš, and Křepela, Pavel

Abstract

Tento semestrální projekt se zabývá tématem tvorby záložního zdroje se solárním dobíjením pro malé mobilní přenosné zařízení (zařízení s USB konektorem). Cílem je vytvořit solární nabíječku, která bude uschovávat energii pro externí zařízení v akumulátoru, ten se bude nabíjet přes solární panel nebo externí napájení. V úvodu se práce zabývá teorií solárních článků a akumulátorů. Dále je popsán výběr vhodných součástek a návrh zapojení., This project aims to create a backup power source with solar charging for small mobile devices (through USB connector). The charger should store power in a battery that is charged either from external power source or the solar panel. In the introduction, the work deals with the theory of solar cells and batteries. Furthermore, it described the selection of suitable components and design diagram.

640. Metody pro dosažení maximálního výkonu FV modulů

Author

Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, Svrček, Milan, Křivík, Petr, Vaněk, Jiří, and Svrček, Milan

Abstract

Diplomová práce se zabývá sledováním maximálního bodu účinnosti u fotovoltaických panelů a používanými metodami, jak lze tohoto bodu dosáhnout. Na tomto základu byly navrženy a naprogramovány dvě metody, které byly následně odzkoušeny na třech typech fotovoltaických panelů. V závěru je zhodnocení těchto metod., This diploma thesis deals with the tracking of the maximum power point for photovoltaic panels and the methods used to achieve it. On this basis, two methods were designed and programmed and subsequently tested on three types of photovoltaic panels. In conclusion methods were appraised.

641. Parameters extraction of photovoltaic module for long-term prediction using Artifical Bee Colony optimization

Author

Santiago Silvestre, Aissa Chouder, Elyes Garoudja, Kamel Kara, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. MNT - Grup de Recerca en Micro i Nanotecnologies

Subjects
Solar cells, Engineering, Mathematical optimization, Maximum power point, Maximum power principle, business.industry, Heuristic (computer science), Energies::Energia solar fotovoltaica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Photovoltaic system, Artificial bee colony, PSO, Particle swarm optimization, Energies::Energia solar fotovoltaica::Cèl·lules solars [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Grid, Photovoltaic power generation, DE, Photovoltaic module, Parameters extraction, Differential evolution, Convergence (routing), Cèl·lules solars, Long-term prediction, business, ABC, Energia solar fotovoltaica
Abstract

In this paper, a heuristic optimization approach based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is applied to the extraction of the five electrical parameters of a photovoltaic (PV) module. The proposed approach has several interesting features such as no prior knowledge of the physical system and its convergence is not dependent on the initial conditions. The extracted parameters have been tested against several static IV characteristics of different PV modules from different manufacturers. In order to assess the effectiveness of the extracted parameters, a dynamic model based maximum power point has been used and compared to real measurements data of a grid connected system located in the Centre de Developpement des Energies Renouvelables (CDER) in Algiers. In addition, comparison of the proposed ABC algorithm with some wellknown heuristic algorithms such as, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE), has given better results in terms of local minimum avoidance and accuracy.

642. Partial shading detection in solar system using single short pulse of load

Author

Mateusz Bartczak

Subjects
Solar System, partial shading, Computer science, business.industry, lcsh:T, Test station, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, load pulse, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, I−V curve, lcsh:Technology, 0104 chemical sciences, Pulse (physics), Optics, test station, maximum power point, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Shading, business, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract

A single photovoltaic panel under uniform illumination has only one global maximum power point, but the same panel in irregularly illuminated conditions can have more maxima on its power-voltage curve. The irregularly illuminated conditions in most cases are results of partial shading. In the work a single short pulse of load is used to extract information about partial shading. This information can be useful and can help to make some improvements in existing MPPT algorithms. In the paper the intrinsic capacitance of a photovoltaic system is used to retrieve occurrence of partial shading.

643. Tapered nonlinear vibration energy harvester for powering Internet of Things

Author

Saibal Roy, Andreas Amann, and Kankana Paul

Subjects
Maximum power point, Electromagnetic transduction, Maximum power principle, Computer science, 020209 energy, Broadband, 02 engineering and technology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 7. Clean energy, 020401 chemical engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Wideband, Mechanical energy, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Electric potential energy, Bandwidth (signal processing), Electrical engineering, Building and Construction, Tapered vibration energy harvester, Power density, Vibration, Self-powered WSN, General Energy, Restoring force, business
Abstract

The lack of a sustainable power source to substitute batteries for long-term applications limits the widespread deployment of wireless sensor nodes in this era of the Internet of Things. Conventional linear Vibration Energy Harvesters are inefficient in converting ambient mechanical energy into usable electrical energy owing to their narrow frequency bandwidth when harnessing mechanical energy that is spread over a wide range of frequencies. In this work, we design, develop and demonstrate high power density nonlinear wideband energy harvesters using novel tapered spring architectures in an autonomous wireless sensor node system. These spring structures exhibit a nonlinear restoring force arising from the atypical stress distribution that can be additionally tuned by changing the taper-ratio in the structure. We investigate different tapering designs in order to achieve optimal spring hardening nonlinearities. This nonlinearity aids in widening the operable bandwidth, making the harvesters suitable for scavenging energy from real-world broadband vibrations. We obtain power densities of the order of 2660 μW/cm3g2 in the nonlinear energy harvester, outpacing most contemporary energy scavengers. We present a modified Perturb and Observe algorithm that allows tracing of the maximum power point in the context of non-stationary vibration conditions. We use the fabricated nonlinear device to power a wireless sensor node that reports on vital physical parameters (humidity, temperature), thereby enabling a resilient remote data acquisition system. This demonstrates the potential of our design to provide a sustainable energy source for platforms within the Internet of Things.

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