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China's e-commerce market scale of fresh agricultural products has reached 1000 billion yuan, and the prospect is bright. However, in the face of such problems as quality control, storage and distribution, and consumption habits, the fresh product e-commerce has great difficulty in development. Internet generates large data, and data are the resources and the core of the Internet and the foundation for survival and development of Internet. This paper analyzed the current situation of the development of fresh agricultural products, and discussed the plight of fresh product e-commerce in scale, profit, non-standard, and network environment. On the basis of the whole industry supply chain, it came up with paths for upgrade and transformation of the fresh product e-commerce with the big data as the core in the context of Internet environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physicochemical and biological determinants of removal efficiencies in a variety of engineered and natural processes were explored for 55 frequently encountered trace organic compounds (TOrCs) in wastewater. Weak correlations between field observations and predicted TOrC biodegradabilities led to adoption of an empirical approach to prediction of compound removal during conventional wastewater treatment. The efficiencies of TOrC removals by UV photolysis (direct and indirect), activated carbon adsorption, membrane separation (reverse osmosis or nanofiltration), and sunlight photolysis were determined under representative process conditions. Results led to heuristic guidelines for the selection of sequenced treatment processes for TOrC management. Process- and compound-specific treatment efficiencies were sensitive to TOrC physicochemical properties and matrix effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposed a new method to describe, compare, and classify the traffic congestion points in Beijing, China, by using the online map data and further revealed the relationship between traffic congestion and land use. The data of the point of interest (POI) and the real-time traffic was extracted from an electronic map of the area in the fourth ring road of Beijing. The POIs were quantified based on the architectural area of the land use; the congestion points were identified based on real-time traffic. Then, the cluster analysis using the attributes of congestion time was conducted to identify the main traffic congestion areas. The result of a linear regression analysis between the congestion time and the land use showed that the influence of the high proportion of commercial land use on the traffic congestion was significant. Also, we considered five types of land use through performing a linear regression analysis between the congestion time and the ratio of four types of land use. The results showed that the reasonable ratio of land use types could efficiently reduce congestion time. This study makes contributions to the policy-making of urban land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental and genetic factors interact in the process and treatment of colon cancer, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of the study was to examine the role of whether bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) is involved in the progression of colon cancer under local intratumoral infiltration lymphocytes. A total of 46 cases of pathologically confirmed specimens were obtained from patients with nodal invasion of colon cancer. The patients were subdivided into three groups based on the nodal invasion stages (N0, N1 and N2). Eleven cases without nodal invasion of colon cancer served as the control group (N0). The phenotype of CD45+, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and CD56+ cells and the expression of BMP7 were confirmed by immunofluorescence. The association between BMP7 expression and CD45+/CD4+CD25+/CD8+ cells infiltration was analyzed. The density of CD4+CD25+ T cells within the tumor was associated with nodal invasion in patients with colon cancer. More importantly, the expression of BMP7 was observed in the majority of the cancer tissues. The co-expression pattern of BMP7 in colon cancer cells and intratumor CD4+CD25+ T cells was associated with nodal invasion of colon cancer. In conclusion, the results have shown that the co-expression of BMP7 is inversely associated with the infiltration of CD4+CD25+ T cells of colon cancer. The results suggest the combination of adaptive immunotherapy and biological drugs impact the treatment strategy for colon cancer in distinct clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work focuses on the driving force behind the late Quaternary river incision and terrace formation of the Urumqi River in the north piedmont of the Tian Shan, northwestern China. Field investigations on geomorphic surfaces, terrace deposits, and its underlying bedrock identify four most significant features, which creates a local applicable framework for subdivision of the late Quaternary terrace sequence in the study area. Nine stepped river terraces are defined and designated as T1 to T9 increasing systematically in elevation. Morphologically, the highest T9 correlates with the oldest alluvial fan F1 of the Urumqi River. River incision and the resultant abandonment of fan F1 are chronologically constrained at ca. 550ka. The stratigraphic geometry of the Saerqiaoke anticline, a structure developing at the fan end of F1, reveals the existence of growth strata, implying continuous growth of this fold when the F1 alluvial sediments were deposited. In the range front of the Urumqi River, growth of the Saerqiaoke anticline has derived tectonically from uplift and basinward thrusting of the Tian Shan range. Such thrusting and basinward extension of the range are expected to force rock uplift of the headwater of the Urumqi River with respect to the Chaiwopu basin to the north and thus river incision occurring at ca. 550ka. During the subsequent period, several younger terraces have been formed in response to the further uplift of the Saerqiaoke anticline as well as climate changes during glacial--interglacial transitions. In the present study area, the total incision during Quaternary comes close to 400m, with about 85% contribution likely attributed to rock uplift of the Saerqiaoke anticline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate two types of dissipative soliton resonant (DSR) and noise-like pulse (NLP) in a mode-locked fiber laser using the nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM). By appropriately adjusting the polarization states, the switchable generation of DSR and NLP can be achieved from one mode-locked fiber laser. By adjusting the pump power, the pulse width of DSR increases gradually from 2.45 to 13.35 ns with a constant peak intensity, while the NLP just has a little increase, even splitting into two narrower pulses at higher pump power. Two types of DSR and NLP have the same pulse periods of 1.29 μs, corresponding to the cavity length of the fiber laser. The obtained results display the evolution process of DSR pulse and NLP in mode-locked fiber laser and have some application in optical sensing, spectral reflectometry, micro-machining, and other relative domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salt stress substantially leads to flowering delay. The regulation of salt-induced late flowering has been studied at the transcriptional and protein levels; however, the involvement of secondary metabolites has rarely been investigated. Here, we report that FMOGS-OXs (EC 1.14.13.237), the enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of glucosinolates (GSLs), promote flowering transition in Arabidopsis thaliana. It has been reported that WRKY75 is a positive regulator, and MAF4 is a negative regulator of flowering transition. The products of FMOGS-OXs, methylsulfinylalkyl GSLs (MS GSLs), facilitate flowering by inducing WRKY75 and repressing the MAS-MAF4 module. We further show that the degradation of MS GSLs is involved in salt-induced late flowering and salt tolerance. Salt stress induces the expression of myrosinase genes, resulting in the degradation of MS GSLs, thereby relieving the promotion of WRKY75 and inhibition of MAF4, leading to delayed flowering. In addition, the degradation products derived from MS GSLs enhance salt tolerance. Previous studies have revealed that FMOGS-OXs exhibit alternative catalytic activity to form trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) under salt stress, which activates multiple stress-related genes to promote salt tolerance. Therefore, FMOGS-OXs integrate flowering transition and salt tolerance in various ways. Our study shed light on the functional diversity of GSLs and established a connection between flowering transition, salt resistance, and GSL metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A generalized autoregressive (GNAR) model fusing both linearity and nonlinearity is proposed to solve the complex nonlinear time series modeling problem. First, the mathematical model of the GNAR model is established while the mathematical mechanism and physical meaning of the GNAR model are both expounded from the two aspects of Weierstrass theory and Volterra theory. Then, an improved least squares parameter estimation method, namely robust Residuals Adjusted Least Squares (RALS) method, is introduced and its process is successionally proposed to improve the anti-outlier performance of the GNAR model. Next, the mathematical model of the computational complexity for the GNAR model is established and the complexity model is introduced into the AIC to propose an improved AIC (iAIC). Finally, a dataset containing 23 records is established and experiments are carried out. The results show that the GNAR model with RALS estimator has high fitting accuracy. The Mean Square Error (MSE) of the series predicted by the GNAR model with Least Squares (LS) estimator is 325.3% higher than that of the series predicted by the GNAR model with RALS estimator at most. The effectiveness of order determination method reaches 82.61%. Therefore, the GNAR model together with its parameter estimation method and order determination method proposed in this paper are effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel accelerometer exploiting the first kind of ferrofluid levitation principle is presented. The device consists of a piston-shaped container filled with ferrofluid surrounding a nonmagnetic insulating rod, which has the same shape as the container and is regarded as an inertial mass. Two annular magnets outside the container are used to create a non-uniform magnetic field which generates a powerful restoring force acting on the nonmagnetic rod. Under the influence of the external acceleration, two coils can detect the change of the volume distribution of the ferrofluid and transmit the voltage signal, which is proportional to the displacement of the nonmagnetic rod. The determination of the working range, linearity and sensitivity depends on the restoring force, thus these factors affecting the restoring force are sufficiently investigated by calculation and experiment. Furthermore, the comparison between numerical calculations and experimental measurements shows a good agreement. The static characteristics of the accelerometer are obtained by using an optimized structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The salty enzymatic hydrolysate of wheat gluten was desalted and fractionated into four fractions (F1–F5). F4, which had the highest salty taste and proportion of peptides with molecular mass below 1 000 Da among these fractions, was further fractionated by Sephadex G-15 gel filtration chromatography into five subfractions (P1–P5). Among these subfractions, P2 was found to have the highest content of salty peptides and the strongest salty taste. By liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the amino acid sequences of P2 were identified as PFGQQ, PFSPQ, QPFP, PDFP and FDDP, with molecular masses of 576.28, 575.28, 488.25, 475.22 and 493.21 Da, respectively. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of salty peptides from gluten protein.

A new approach, SRR, for small infrared target detection in single image is described herein. SRR is based on local self-similarity descriptor, according to the characteristics of small infrared targets. Using the SRR, the certainty of small targets can be easily measured. Compared to some conventional cutter removal methods, extensive experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms these methods. Additionally, the proposed approach has a simple structure, which is convenient for implementation. Plans for future research include incorporating efficiently temporal information to further improve detection performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]