6,643 results on '"TIME dilation"'
Search Results
752. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide in Promoting Cervical Dilatation during Active Labour: An Observational study.
- Author
-
Loke, Chandana, Soleti, Pavan, Prakash, Dharavath Bhanu, Chinnapaka, Pavani, and Muralidhar, C.
- Subjects
LABOR (Obstetrics) ,TIME dilation ,BROMIDES ,FETAL distress ,SCIENTIFIC observation - Abstract
Background: Cervical dilatation is an essential aspect of active labour, which is necessary for the progress of delivery. Delayed or inadequate cervical dilatation can lead to prolonged labour, fetal distress, and the need for instrumental delivery. Pharmacological agents, such as Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide, are commonly used to promote cervical dilatation and facilitate delivery. Aim: To Observe the effectiveness of Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide in Promoting Cervical Dilatation during Active Labour. Methodology: This was a randomized, observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 100 women in active labour, with a cervical dilatation of less than 4 cm, were included in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups, with 50 women in each group. The first group received Drotaverine Hydrochloride, while the second group received Valethamate Bromide. The drugs were administered intravenously as per the standard protocol. The rate of cervical dilatation was monitored in both groups for a period of 6 hours. Results: The mean rate of cervical dilatation in the Drotaverine Hydrochloride group was 1.7 cm/hour, while in the Valethamate Bromide group it was 1.2 cm/hour. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean time for cervical dilatation of 4 cm was 2.5 hours in the Drotaverine Hydrochloride group, while in the Valethamate Bromide group it was 3.5 hours. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The adverse effects observed in both groups were similar and mild. Conclusion: In this observational study, Drotaverine Hydrochloride was found to be more effective in promoting cervical dilatation during active labour as compared to Valethamate Bromide. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings and to explore the long-term effects of these drugs on maternal and fetal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
753. Detection of the cosmological time dilation of high-redshift quasars.
- Author
-
Lewis, Geraint F. and Brewer, Brendon J.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
754. Computational modeling reveals inflammation-driven dilatation of the pulmonary autograft in aortic position.
- Author
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Maes, Lauranne, Vervenne, Thibault, Van Hoof, Lucas, Jones, Elizabeth A. V., Rega, Filip, and Famaey, Nele
- Subjects
AORTA ,TIME dilation ,PULMONARY valve ,TISSUE remodeling ,MASS production ,AORTIC valve - Abstract
The pulmonary autograft in the Ross procedure, where the aortic valve is replaced by the patient's own pulmonary valve, is prone to failure due to dilatation. This is likely caused by tissue degradation and maladaptation, triggered by the higher experienced mechanical loads in aortic position. In order to further grasp the causes of dilatation, this study presents a model for tissue growth and remodeling of the pulmonary autograft, using the homogenized constrained mixture theory and equations for immuno- and mechano-mediated mass turnover. The model outcomes, compared to experimental data from an animal model of the pulmonary autograft in aortic position, show that inflammation likely plays an important role in the mass turnover of the tissue constituents and therefore in the autograft dilatation over time. We show a better match and prediction of long-term outcomes assuming immuno-mediated mass turnover, and show that there is no linear correlation between the stress-state of the material and mass production. Therefore, not only mechanobiological homeostatic adaption should be taken into account in the development of growth and remodeling models for arterial tissue in similar applications, but also inflammatory processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
755. Holism, Narrative, and Paradox: New Criteria for Settling Disputes in Personal Identity.
- Author
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Cheung, Jaron J.
- Subjects
SELF ,HOLISM ,TIME dilation ,PARADOX ,NARRATIVES - Abstract
This paper introduces three new criteria that a theory of personal identity ought to satisfy: (1) material holism, (2) narrative unity, and (3) narrative integrity. Material holism guards against the undesirable consequence of positing the person as part and existentially distinct from the organismal whole, of which it is dependent and interconnected. Narrative unity ensures that continuity between the beginning, middle, and end of a human life is sufficiently accounted for. Narrative integrity secures fidelity and congruence between each part and the whole, the whole to each part. Jeff McMahan's Embodied Mind Account (EM) fails to satisfy each of these. On McMahan's account, human persons and human organisms are distinct entities, human persons come into existence after its human organism, and human persons may go out of existence before their human organism. Moreover, fetuses, infants, the congenitally severely cognitively impaired, those with severe dementia, and the comatose are non-persons. A theory of personal identity that incorporates holism and narrative can provide a better explanation of human existence, life and death, and the identity paradox of dicephalic twins. If accepted, EM must either be rejected or ameliorated, and the new criteria ought to be incorporated in contemporary research of personal identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
756. The Implications of Relativistic Time Dilation on the Nature of Physical Time: A Non-Newtonian Interpretation of Special Relativity
- Author
-
Ben Wright McGee
- Subjects
Physics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Universal structure ,Invariant (physics) ,Non-Newtonian fluid ,Philosophy ,Theoretical physics ,Theory of relativity ,Classical mechanics ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Static interpretation of time ,Problem of time ,Newtonian fluid ,Time dilation ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The Theory of Relativity, in both the Special and General cases, possesses profound inferences concerning the nature of time as a physical component of universal structure, and not as either an abstract concept or a universal entropic progression as is commonly perceived. While the time-slowing observations of what is known as Relativistic "time dilation" are well documented, the temporal interpretations of such dilation effects were critically affected by a Newtonian view of universally invariant time. Consequently, the most sophisticated interpretations of time dilation were parasitically molded by archaic views of physical time and have remained essentially unchallenged for a century, inhibiting any attempts to functionally integrate the observations of Relativity with Newtonian Mechanics. By freeing relativistic observations from the limited paradigm of Newtonian temporal concepts, an alternative, robust interpretation of Special Relativity, one acting in concert with the actions of bodies as described by Newtonian Mechanics, is produced and discussed.
- Published
- 2006
757. Actual Time Dilation is Dependent on Absolute Velocity It is Impossible for Human Being to Have Time Travel
- Author
-
Kexin Yao
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Physics::General Physics ,Mathematics::Operator Algebras ,business.industry ,Relative motion ,Mathematical analysis ,Absolute time and space ,Time travel ,Human being ,Circular motion ,Optics ,Dilation (morphology) ,Time dilation ,Absolute velocity ,business ,Mathematics - Abstract
A description of relative time dilation and absolute time dilation are given and it is pointed out that confusion of the two terms is likely to lead to paradox and it is considered that circular motion velocity to center of a circle is absolute velocity and the time dilation due to absolute velocity is actual dilation---absolute dilation. Absolute dilation is unrelated to any object in relative motion. The time dilation in correlated circular motion has been discussed to conclude that the absolute velocity human being can achieve is very limited; therefore, it is impossible to have time travel.
- Published
- 2014
758. Test of Time Dilation Using StoredLi+Ions as Clocks at Relativistic Speed
- Author
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G. Huber, T. Kuhl, Andreas Wolf, Dirk Schwalm, Dennis Bing, Christopher Geppert, S. Reinhardt, Rodolfo Sánchez, Sergei Karpuk, A. Krieger, Theodor W. Hänsch, C. Novotny, Gerald Gwinner, Thomas Stöhlker, B. Botermann, Wilfried Nörtershäuser, and Guido Saathoff
- Subjects
Physics ,Kennedy–Thorndike experiment ,Quantum mechanics ,Time dilation of moving particles ,Ives–Stilwell experiment ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Resonance ,Time dilation ,Lorentz covariance ,Atomic physics ,Relativistic Doppler effect ,Relativistic speed - Abstract
We present the concluding result from an Ives-Stilwell-type time dilation experiment using 7Li+ ions confined at a velocity of β=v/c=0.338 in the storage ring ESR at Darmstadt. A Λ-type three-level system within the hyperfine structure of the 7Li+3S1 →3P2 line is driven by two laser beams aligned parallel and antiparallel relative to the ion beam. The lasers' Doppler shifted frequencies required for resonance are measured with an accuracy of
- Published
- 2014
759. Coulomb's law transformation by time dilation effect
- Author
-
Yi-Min Tian and Yao-Zu Cao
- Subjects
Coulomb's law ,Physics ,symbols.namesake ,Transformation (function) ,Classical mechanics ,symbols ,Time dilation - Published
- 2015
760. Stimulus (dis)similarity can modify the effect of a task-irrelevant sandwiching stimulus on the perceived duration of brief visual stimuli.
- Author
-
Asaoka, Riku
- Subjects
VISUAL perception ,STIMULUS & response (Psychology) ,TIME dilation ,TIME perception - Abstract
The perceived duration of a target visual stimulus is shorter when a brief non-target visual stimulus precedes and trails the target than when it appears alone. This time compression requires spatiotemporal proximity of the target and non-target stimuli, which is one of the perceptual grouping rules. The present study examined whether and how another grouping rule, stimulus (dis)similarity, modulated this effect. In Experiment 1, time compression occurred only when the preceding and trailing stimuli (black–white checkerboard) were dissimilar from the target (unfilled round or triangle) with spatiotemporal proximity. In contrast, it was reduced when the preceding or trailing stimuli (filled rounds or triangles) were similar to the target. Experiment 2 revealed time compression with dissimilar stimuli, independent of the intensity or saliency of the target and non-target stimuli. Experiment 3 replicated the findings of Experiment 1 by manipulating the luminance similarity between target and non-target stimuli. Furthermore, time dilation occurred when the non-target stimuli were indistinguishable from the target stimuli. These results indicate that stimulus dissimilarity with spatiotemporal proximity induces time compression, whereas stimulus similarity with spatiotemporal proximity does not. These findings were discussed in relation to the neural readout model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
761. A Euclidean geometric model that has a maximum speed c.
- Author
-
Wenhui Zheng
- Subjects
GEOMETRIC modeling ,TIME dilation ,COORDINATE transformations ,SPEED ,SPECIAL relativity (Physics) ,SPEED of light - Abstract
Copyright of Physics Essays is the property of Physics Essays Publication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
762. Satellite Time-Dilation Measurement
- Abstract
Contains reports on two research projects., National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Contract NASw-143, Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL B-00283, U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, U. S. Air Force under Air Force Contract AF 19(604)-5200
- Published
- 2010
763. Satellite Time -Dilation Measurement
- Abstract
Contains a report on a research project., National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Contract NASw-143), Lincoln Laboratory (Purchase Order B-00306), United States Army, United States Navy, United States Air Force (Contract AF19(604)-5200)
- Published
- 2010
764. Satellite Time -Dilation Measurement
- Abstract
Contains a report on a research project., National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Contract NASw-143), Lincoln Laboratory (Purchase Order B-00306), United States Army, United States Navy, United States Air Force (Contract AF19(604)-5200)
- Published
- 2010
765. Satellite Time-Dilation Measurement
- Abstract
Contains reports on two research projects., National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Contract NASw-143, Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL B-00283, U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, U. S. Air Force under Air Force Contract AF 19(604)-5200
- Published
- 2010
766. Satellite Time-Dilation Measurement
- Abstract
Contains reports on four research projects., National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Contract NASw-33), Lincoln Laboratory (Purchase Order DDL B-00283), United States Army, United States Navy, United States Air Force (Contract AF19(604)-5200)
- Published
- 2010
767. Seriously: Harvard scientist discovers 2020's time dilation
- Author
-
Brull, Paul
- Subjects
Scientists ,News, opinion and commentary ,Sports and fitness ,Colorado State University - Abstract
Byline: Paul Brull (Graphic Illustration by Colin Crawford | The Collegian Editor's Note: This is a satire piece from The Collegian's opinion section. Real names and the events surrounding them [...]
- Published
- 2020
768. Time Dilation of BATSE Gamma-ray Bursts
- Abstract
We perform several nonparametric correlation tests on the BATSE 3B data to search for evidence of cosmological time dilation. These tests account for the effects of data truncation due to threshold effects in both limiting brightness and limiting duration, enabling us to utilize a larger number of bursts than in previous analyses. We find little significant evidence for correlation between various measures of peak intensity and duration, but the tests cannot conclusively rule out time dilation factors of 2 or less without more data. There is stronger evidence for a positive correlation between fluence and duration, which if confirmed would rule out simple no-evolution cosmological models unless there is a strong intrinsic correlation between the total radiant energy and the duration of bursts., Comment: 21 pages, 5 Postscript figures, uses aaspp4.sty and psfig.sty, to appear in ApJ volume 474. Paper also available at http://www-bigbang.stanford.edu/~ted/paper5.html
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
769. Time-Dilation, Log N - Log P, and Cosmology
- Abstract
We investigate whether a simple cosmology can fit GRB results in both time dilation and Log N - Log P simultaneously. Simplifying assumptions include: all GRBs are spectrally identical to BATSE trigger 143, $\Omega=1$ universe, and no luminosity and number density evolution. Observational data used includes: the BATSE 3B peak brightness distribution (64-ms time scale), the Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) brightness distribution, and the Norris et al. time dilation results for peak aligned profiles presented at this meeting. We find acceptable cosmological fits to the brightness distributions when placing BATSE trigger 143 at a redshift of 0.15 $\pm$ 0.10. This translates into a $(1 + z_{dim}) / (1 + z_{bright})$ factor of about 1.50 $\pm$ 0.50 between selected brightness extremes of the Norris et al. sample. Norris et al. estimate, however, that $(1 + z_{dim}) / (1 + z_{bright})$ $\approx$ 2.0 $\pm$ 0.5 when considering duration tests. The difference is marginal and could be accounted for by evolution. We therefore find that evolution of GRBs is preferred but not demanded., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville Symposium on Gamma Ray Bursts Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
770. Test for Time Dilation of Intervals Between Pulse Structures in GRBs
- Abstract
If $\gamma$-ray bursts are at cosmological distances, then not only their constituent pulses but also the intervals between pulses should be time-dilated. Unlike time-dilation measures of pulse emission, intervals would appear to require negligible correction for redshift of narrower temporal structure from higher energy into the band of observation. However, stretching of pulse intervals is inherently difficult to measure without incurring a timescale-dependent bias since, as time profiles are stretched, more structure can appear near the limit of resolution. This problem is compounded in dimmer bursts because identification of significant structures becomes more problematic. We attempt to minimize brightness bias by equalizing signal-to-noise (s/n) level of all bursts. We analyze wavelet-denoised burst profiles binned to several resolutions, identifying significant fluctuations between pulse structures and interjacent valleys. When bursts are ranked by peak flux, an interval time-dilation signature is evident, but its magnitude and significance are dependent upon temporal resolution and s/n level., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville GRB Workshop Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
771. Calibration of Tests for Time Dilation in GRB Pulse Structures
- Abstract
Two tests for cosmological time dilation in $\gamma$-ray bursts -- the peak alignment and auto-correlation statistics -- involve averaging information near the times of peak intensity. Both tests require width corrections, assuming cosmological origin for bursts, since narrower temporal structure from higher energy would be redshifted into the band of observation, and since intervals between pulse structures are included in the averaging procedures. We analyze long ($>$ 2 s) BATSE bursts and estimate total width corrections for trial time-dilation factors (TDF = [1+$z_{\rm dim}$]/[1+$z_{\rm brt}$]) by time-dilating and redshifting bright bursts. Both tests reveal significant trends of increasing TDF with decreasing peak flux, but neither provides sufficient discriminatory power to distinguish between actual TDFs in the range 2--3., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville GRB Workshop Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
772. Time Dilation of BATSE Gamma-ray Bursts
- Abstract
We perform several nonparametric correlation tests on the BATSE 3B data to search for evidence of cosmological time dilation. These tests account for the effects of data truncation due to threshold effects in both limiting brightness and limiting duration, enabling us to utilize a larger number of bursts than in previous analyses. We find little significant evidence for correlation between various measures of peak intensity and duration, but the tests cannot conclusively rule out time dilation factors of 2 or less without more data. There is stronger evidence for a positive correlation between fluence and duration, which if confirmed would rule out simple no-evolution cosmological models unless there is a strong intrinsic correlation between the total radiant energy and the duration of bursts., Comment: 21 pages, 5 Postscript figures, uses aaspp4.sty and psfig.sty, to appear in ApJ volume 474. Paper also available at http://www-bigbang.stanford.edu/~ted/paper5.html
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
773. Time-Dilation, Log N - Log P, and Cosmology
- Abstract
We investigate whether a simple cosmology can fit GRB results in both time dilation and Log N - Log P simultaneously. Simplifying assumptions include: all GRBs are spectrally identical to BATSE trigger 143, $\Omega=1$ universe, and no luminosity and number density evolution. Observational data used includes: the BATSE 3B peak brightness distribution (64-ms time scale), the Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) brightness distribution, and the Norris et al. time dilation results for peak aligned profiles presented at this meeting. We find acceptable cosmological fits to the brightness distributions when placing BATSE trigger 143 at a redshift of 0.15 $\pm$ 0.10. This translates into a $(1 + z_{dim}) / (1 + z_{bright})$ factor of about 1.50 $\pm$ 0.50 between selected brightness extremes of the Norris et al. sample. Norris et al. estimate, however, that $(1 + z_{dim}) / (1 + z_{bright})$ $\approx$ 2.0 $\pm$ 0.5 when considering duration tests. The difference is marginal and could be accounted for by evolution. We therefore find that evolution of GRBs is preferred but not demanded., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville Symposium on Gamma Ray Bursts Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
774. Test for Time Dilation of Intervals Between Pulse Structures in GRBs
- Abstract
If $\gamma$-ray bursts are at cosmological distances, then not only their constituent pulses but also the intervals between pulses should be time-dilated. Unlike time-dilation measures of pulse emission, intervals would appear to require negligible correction for redshift of narrower temporal structure from higher energy into the band of observation. However, stretching of pulse intervals is inherently difficult to measure without incurring a timescale-dependent bias since, as time profiles are stretched, more structure can appear near the limit of resolution. This problem is compounded in dimmer bursts because identification of significant structures becomes more problematic. We attempt to minimize brightness bias by equalizing signal-to-noise (s/n) level of all bursts. We analyze wavelet-denoised burst profiles binned to several resolutions, identifying significant fluctuations between pulse structures and interjacent valleys. When bursts are ranked by peak flux, an interval time-dilation signature is evident, but its magnitude and significance are dependent upon temporal resolution and s/n level., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville GRB Workshop Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
775. Calibration of Tests for Time Dilation in GRB Pulse Structures
- Abstract
Two tests for cosmological time dilation in $\gamma$-ray bursts -- the peak alignment and auto-correlation statistics -- involve averaging information near the times of peak intensity. Both tests require width corrections, assuming cosmological origin for bursts, since narrower temporal structure from higher energy would be redshifted into the band of observation, and since intervals between pulse structures are included in the averaging procedures. We analyze long ($>$ 2 s) BATSE bursts and estimate total width corrections for trial time-dilation factors (TDF = [1+$z_{\rm dim}$]/[1+$z_{\rm brt}$]) by time-dilating and redshifting bright bursts. Both tests reveal significant trends of increasing TDF with decreasing peak flux, but neither provides sufficient discriminatory power to distinguish between actual TDFs in the range 2--3., Comment: 5 pages in LATeX, REVTEX style, 2 embedded figures. To appear in Third Huntsville GRB Workshop Proceedings
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
776. Test of time dilation by laser spectroscopy on fast ions
- Author
-
C. Novotny, Henrik Buhr, Gerald Gwinner, S. Reinhardt, Guido Saathoff, Sergei Karpuk, Alexander Wolf, Dirk Schwalm, G. Huber, and Lars-Anders Carlson
- Subjects
Physics ,Ion beam ,business.industry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Limiting ,Special relativity ,Ion ,symbols.namesake ,Optics ,symbols ,Time dilation ,business ,Spectroscopy ,Doppler effect ,Storage ring - Abstract
The laser-spectroscopic frequency measurement of Doppler-shifted optical lines in the forward and backward directions of a fast ion beam permits a sensitive test of the relativistic Doppler formula and, hence, the relativistic time-dilation factor γSR = 1/[Formula: see text]. An experiment on 7Li+, stored at a velocity of v = 0.065c in the Heidelberg heavy-ion storage ring TSR, has confirmed time dilation with unprecedented accuracy limiting deviations to below 2.2 × 107. Ongoing improvements on the experimental setup will further tighten this limit.PACS Nos.: 03.30.+p, 06.30.Ft, and 42.62.Fi
- Published
- 2005
777. Decoherence due to gravitational time dilation: Analysis of competing decoherence effects
- Author
-
Carlesso, Matteo and Bassi, Angelo
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
778. GRB time profiles as cosmic probes: Is time dilation extrinsic or intrinsic?
- Author
-
Nemiroff, R [George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030 (United States)]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
779. Gravitational Time Dilation Derived from Special Relativity and Newtonian Gravitational Potential
- Author
-
Rickey W. Austin
- Subjects
Gravitational time dilation ,Physics ,Physics::General Physics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Theory of relativity ,Classical mechanics ,General relativity ,Twin paradox ,Two-body problem in general relativity ,Time dilation ,Coordinate time ,Gravitational redshift - Abstract
Einstein was known for often presenting "gedanken" or thought experiments (Miller, 1999). This paper is such an exercise. Time dilation in Special Relativity is based on the derived value of γ (a scalar value) (Einstein, 1905). γ will be calculated as a function of relativistic kinetic energy, allowing time dilation to become a function of relativistic kinetic energy. With the new methodology constructed, a "gedanken” experiment is considered. Can a time dilation function be derived, using Newtonian gravitational potential energy in the same manor kinetic energy was used in Special Relativity? This paper carries out the derivation and compares the results with General Relativity's Schwarzschild solution. The what if thought experiment provides a first order accuracy to GR's Schwarzschild solution.
- Published
- 2017
780. Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test
- Author
-
Steven D. Deines
- Subjects
Physics::General Physics ,Classical mechanics ,Kennedy–Thorndike experiment ,One-way speed of light ,Ives–Stilwell experiment ,Time dilation of moving particles ,Speed of light ,Time dilation ,Relativistic Doppler effect ,Mathematics ,Length contraction - Abstract
The equivalence between the constancy of light in all inertial, nongravitated frames and time dilation is derived in this paper. Length contraction is not part of this equivalence and is eliminated by Occam’s razor. The null result of the Mickelson-Morley experiment requires a different explanation for the same intensity of the recombination of split light beams as originally transmitted, especially in the perpendicular component. Vector addition of velocities applies to light’s behavior in both parallel and perpendicular components of the moving Mickelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. If the one-way speed of light is not a universal constant in all directions for moving inertial frames, then the time dilation formula is incorrect. One must question any time dilation experiments, particularly the claims in the Hafele-Keating report, which contains several inaccuracies and data manipulation. Another time dilation experiment with better atomic clock and rigorous testing is warranted.
- Published
- 2017
781. Time Dilation, Context, and Relative Truth*
- Author
-
N. Ángel Pinillos
- Subjects
Philosophy ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Context (language use) ,Time dilation ,Cognitive psychology - Published
- 2010
782. An Interlude: Special & General Relativity
- Author
-
Inglis, Michael, Hubbell, Gerald R., Series Editor, and Inglis, Michael
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
783. Spatial Resolution for the Time Dilation X-ray Framing Camera
- Author
-
蔡厚智 Cai Houzhi, 付文勇 Fu Wenyong, 张珂 Zhang Ke, and 刘进元 Liu Jinyuan
- Subjects
Physics ,Framing (visual arts) ,Optics ,business.industry ,Time dilation ,business ,Image resolution ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2018
784. Temporal and Spatial Performances of Framing Camera Based on Magnetic Focusing Imaging and Electron Pulse Time Dilation
- Author
-
蔡厚智 Cai Houzhi, 付文勇 Fu Wenyong, 廖昱博 Liao Yubo, 龙井华 Long Jinghua, 刘进元 Liu Jinyuan, and 雷云飞 Lei Yunfei
- Subjects
Framing (visual arts) ,Optics ,Electron pulse ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Time dilation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2018
785. Cosmological Evolution and Luminosity Function Effects on Number Counts, Redshift and Time Dilation of Bursting Sources
- Abstract
We present analytic formulae for the integral number count distribution of cosmological bursting or steady sources valid over the entire range of fluxes, including density evolution and either standard candle or a power law luminosity function. These are used to derive analytic formulae for the mean redshift, the time dilations and the dispersion of these quantities for sources within a given flux range for Friedmann models with $\Omega=1,~ \Lambda=0$ without K-corrections, and we discuss the extension to cases with $\Omega <1$ and inclusion of K-corrections. Applications to the spatial distribution of cosmological gamma ray burst sources are discussed, both with and without an intrinsic energy stretching of the burst time profiles, and the implied ranges of redshift $z$ are considered for a specific time dilation signal value. The simultaneous consideration of time dilation information and of fits of the number distribution versus peak flux breaks the degeneracy inherent in the latter alone, allowing a unique determination of the density evolution index and the characteristic luminosity of the sources. For a reported time dilation signal of 2.25 and neglecting [including] energy stretching we find that the proper density should evolve more steeply with redshift than comoving constant, and the redshifts of the dimmest sources with stretching would be very large. However, the expected statistical dispersion in the redshifts is large, especially for power law luminosity functions, and remains compatible with that of distant quasars. For smaller time dilation values of 1.75 and 1.35 the redshifts are more compatible with conventional ideas about galaxy formation, and the evolution is closer to a comoving constant or a slower evolution. More generally, we have considered a wide range of possible measured time dilation, Comment: Ap.J., in press, uuencoded .ps file, 33 pages plus 5 figures
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
786. Determination of Distance from Time Dilation of Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts
- Abstract
The isotropic distribution of gamma-ray bursts as observed with the Burst and Transient Experiment (BATSE) strongly suggests that the bursts are at cosmological distances. At such distances, the expansion of the universe should redshift the spectra and stretch the temporal structure. We relate the observed peak intensities, spectral shapes, and time dilation to distance. We include the uncertainties in our knowledge of the intrinsic spectrum and correct for the coupling between the spectral shape and the temporal structure. The reported time dilation between the dimmest BATSE bursts and the bright BATSE bursts (a factor of 2) requires a redshift of about 6 for the BATSE dimmest bursts rather than a redshift of 1 or 2 as previously reported. The large luminosity and distance determined from the time dilation is inconsistent with the observed Log N-Log P distribution. unless there is very strong evolution. The implied distance for the dimmest bursts is beyond where galaxies are thought to form. If true, the gamma-ray bursts would be orphans: no known objects would have the same distance scale. We conclude that either a large fraction (65%) of the observed time dilation between the BATSE bright and dimmest bursts is intrinsic to the bursts or that there are strong evolutionary effects in the Log N-Log P distribution and that it is only a coincidence that Log N-Log P shows a -3/2 power law at high intensities., Comment: 41 pages including figures, uuencoded compressed Postscript. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. The preprint can also be found in Postscript form at http://sstcx1.lanl.gov/~jsbloom/ or at ftp://sstcx1.lanl.gov/pub/grb/time_dilation.ps
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
787. Cosmological Evolution and Luminosity Function Effects on Number Counts, Redshift and Time Dilation of Bursting Sources
- Abstract
We present analytic formulae for the integral number count distribution of cosmological bursting or steady sources valid over the entire range of fluxes, including density evolution and either standard candle or a power law luminosity function. These are used to derive analytic formulae for the mean redshift, the time dilations and the dispersion of these quantities for sources within a given flux range for Friedmann models with $\Omega=1,~ \Lambda=0$ without K-corrections, and we discuss the extension to cases with $\Omega <1$ and inclusion of K-corrections. Applications to the spatial distribution of cosmological gamma ray burst sources are discussed, both with and without an intrinsic energy stretching of the burst time profiles, and the implied ranges of redshift $z$ are considered for a specific time dilation signal value. The simultaneous consideration of time dilation information and of fits of the number distribution versus peak flux breaks the degeneracy inherent in the latter alone, allowing a unique determination of the density evolution index and the characteristic luminosity of the sources. For a reported time dilation signal of 2.25 and neglecting [including] energy stretching we find that the proper density should evolve more steeply with redshift than comoving constant, and the redshifts of the dimmest sources with stretching would be very large. However, the expected statistical dispersion in the redshifts is large, especially for power law luminosity functions, and remains compatible with that of distant quasars. For smaller time dilation values of 1.75 and 1.35 the redshifts are more compatible with conventional ideas about galaxy formation, and the evolution is closer to a comoving constant or a slower evolution. More generally, we have considered a wide range of possible measured time dilation, Comment: Ap.J., in press, uuencoded .ps file, 33 pages plus 5 figures
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
788. Determination of Distance from Time Dilation of Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts
- Abstract
The isotropic distribution of gamma-ray bursts as observed with the Burst and Transient Experiment (BATSE) strongly suggests that the bursts are at cosmological distances. At such distances, the expansion of the universe should redshift the spectra and stretch the temporal structure. We relate the observed peak intensities, spectral shapes, and time dilation to distance. We include the uncertainties in our knowledge of the intrinsic spectrum and correct for the coupling between the spectral shape and the temporal structure. The reported time dilation between the dimmest BATSE bursts and the bright BATSE bursts (a factor of 2) requires a redshift of about 6 for the BATSE dimmest bursts rather than a redshift of 1 or 2 as previously reported. The large luminosity and distance determined from the time dilation is inconsistent with the observed Log N-Log P distribution. unless there is very strong evolution. The implied distance for the dimmest bursts is beyond where galaxies are thought to form. If true, the gamma-ray bursts would be orphans: no known objects would have the same distance scale. We conclude that either a large fraction (65%) of the observed time dilation between the BATSE bright and dimmest bursts is intrinsic to the bursts or that there are strong evolutionary effects in the Log N-Log P distribution and that it is only a coincidence that Log N-Log P shows a -3/2 power law at high intensities., Comment: 41 pages including figures, uuencoded compressed Postscript. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. The preprint can also be found in Postscript form at http://sstcx1.lanl.gov/~jsbloom/ or at ftp://sstcx1.lanl.gov/pub/grb/time_dilation.ps
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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789. Relativistic length contraction and time dilation as dynamical phenomena.
- Author
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D V Peregoudov
- Subjects
- *
TIME dilation , *MOLECULAR force constants , *ACCELERATION (Mechanics) , *ANALYTICAL solutions - Abstract
It is commonly accepted that a rod after having been accelerated and then left free contracts by the Lorentz factor , and also that a clock after having been accelerated and then returned to rest exhibits time dilation in accordance with the proper time formula . Although both issues have been debated numerous times, no models have been proposed to trace the dynamical nature of these phenomena. The purpose of the present paper is to propose a simple relativistic model of an elastic rod, which allows exact analytical solutions for a number of problems. The solutions of two problems are presented: (i) acceleration of the rod by a constant force applied at one of its ends during a finite time interval, resulting in the Lorentz contraction, (ii) acceleration and deceleration of a light clock, resulting in time dilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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790. Cosmic time dilation: The clock paradox revisited
- Author
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Roman Tomaschitz
- Subjects
Physics ,General Mathematics ,Applied Mathematics ,Time dilation of moving particles ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Twin paradox ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Observer (special relativity) ,Comoving distance ,Coordinate time ,Frame of reference ,Classical mechanics ,Proper time ,Time dilation - Abstract
The relativistic time dilation is reviewed in a cosmological context. We show that a clock or twin paradox does not arise if cosmic time is properly taken into account. The receding galaxy background provides a unique frame of reference, and the proper times of geodesic as well as accelerated observers can be linked to the universal cosmic time parameter. This suggests to compare the proper time differentials of the respective observers by determining their state of motion in the galaxy grid. In this way, each observer can figure out whether his proper time is dilated or contracted relative to any other. In particular one can come to unambiguous conclusions on the aging of uniformly moving observers, without reference to asymmetries in measurement procedures or accelerations they may have undergone.
- Published
- 2004
791. Time dilation in the type Ia supernova spectra at high redshift
- Abstract
cosmology: miscellaneous-supernovae Udgivelsesdato: August 1
- Published
- 2008
792. Time dilation in the type Ia supernova spectra at high redshift
- Abstract
cosmology: miscellaneous-supernovae Udgivelsesdato: August 1
- Published
- 2008
793. The Amount of Time Dilation for Visual Flickers Corresponds to the mount of Neural Entrainments Measured by EEG.
- Author
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Hashimoto, Yuki and Yotsumoto, Yuko
- Subjects
TIME dilation ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,TIME perception ,STIMULUS & response (Biology) ,BIOLOGICAL neural networks - Abstract
The neural basis of time perception has long attracted the interests of researchers. Recently, a conceptual model consisting of neural oscillators was proposed and validated by behavioral experiments that measured the dilated duration in perception of a flickering stimulus (Hashimoto and Yotsumoto, 2015). The model proposed that flickering stimuli cause neural entrainment of oscillators, resulting in dilated time perception. In this study, we examined the oscillator-based model of time perception, by collecting electroencephalography (EEG) data during an interval-timing task. Initially, subjects observed a stimulus, either flickering at 10-Hz or constantly illuminated. The subjects then reproduced the duration of the stimulus by pressing a button. As reported in previous studies, the subjects reproduced 1.22 times longer durations for flickering stimuli than for continuously illuminated stimuli. The event-related potential (ERP) during the observation of a flicker oscillated at 10Hz, reflecting the 10-Hz neural activity phase-locked to the flicker. Importantly, the longer reproduced duration was associated with a larger amplitude of the 10-Hz ERP component during the inter-stimulus interval, as well as during the presentation of the flicker. The correlation between the reproduced duration and the 10-Hz oscillation during the inter-stimulus interval suggested that the flicker-induced neural entrainment affected time dilation. While the 10-Hz flickering stimuli induced phase-locked entrainments at 10Hz, we also observed event-related desynchronizations of spontaneous neural oscillations in the alpha-frequency range. These could be attributed to the activation of excitatory neurons while observing the flicker stimuli. In addition, neural activity at approximately the alpha frequency increased during the reproduction phase, indicating that flicker-induced neural entrainment persisted even after the offset of the flicker. In summary, our results suggest that the duration perception is mediated by neural oscillations, and that time dilation induced by flickering visual stimuli can be attributed to neural entrainment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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794. On the impact of quantum biology and relativistic time dilation in autism.
- Author
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Ruggiero, Marco and Pacini, Stefania
- Subjects
- *
AUTISM , *QUANTUM biochemistry , *HUMAN microbiota - Abstract
This Editorial elaborates on innovative concepts presented at the 2nd European Conference of Biomedical Research and Treatments for autism held in Bari, Italy, in November 2017. We discuss the recent publication of a paper describing how relativistic time dilation at the DNA level can lead to novel approaches in disease prevention and cure, and we elaborate on the role of the human microbiota in restoring quantum entanglement at the DNA level. According to this hypothesis, microbial degradation of a glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate, leads to restauration of gene expression, induces general and sequence-specific relativistic time dilation, restores DNA quantum entanglement, and improves the ability of DNA to retain, process and transmit information both at the biochemical and the quantum levels. It can be argued that these processes played a role in the evolution of the human brain and consciousness. Fermented aliments that today would be defined as "probiotics" were the first processed foods eaten by early humans, and it is conceivable that the effects of the microbes in those aliments on the chondroitin sulfate, coming from cartilage of animals hunted or scavenged, may have led to the biochemical, relativistic and quantum effects responsible for human evolution. Finally, we discuss the implications in the field of autism where the theory of consciousness based on quantum biology presents exciting and innovative perspectives for prevention and cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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795. Test of time dilation by laser spectroscopy on fast ions
- Author
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Saathoff, G, Reinhardt, S, Buhr, H, Carlson, L A, Schwalm, D, Wolf, A, Karpuk, S, Novotny, C, Huber, G, and Gwinner, G
- Published
- 2005
796. Universal decoherence due to gravitational time dilation
- Author
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Časlav Brukner, Magdalena Zych, Fabio Costa, and Igor Pikovski
- Subjects
Physics ,Gravitational time dilation ,Gravity (chemistry) ,Quantum Physics ,Quantum decoherence ,Quantum field theory in curved spacetime ,General Physics and Astronomy ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Gravitation ,Open quantum system ,Classical mechanics ,Quantum mechanics ,Time dilation ,Quantum dissipation ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) - Abstract
The physics of low-energy quantum systems is usually studied without explicit consideration of the background spacetime. Phenomena inherent to quantum theory on curved space-time, such as Hawking radiation, are typically assumed to be only relevant at extreme physical conditions: at high energies and in strong gravitational fields. Here we consider low-energy quantum mechanics in the presence of gravitational time dilation and show that the latter leads to decoherence of quantum superpositions. Time dilation induces a universal coupling between internal degrees of freedom and the centre-of-mass of a composite particle. The resulting correlations cause decoherence of the particle's position, even without any external environment. We also show that the weak time dilation on Earth is already sufficient to decohere micron scale objects. Gravity therefore can account for the emergence of classicality and the effect can in principle be tested in future matter wave experiments., 6+4 pages, 3 figures. Revised manuscript in Nature Physics (2015)
- Published
- 2013
797. THE TESTS OF TIME DILATION
- Published
- 1997
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798. Observation of Cosmological Time Dilation Using Type Ia Supernovae as Clocks
- Author
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Goldhaber, G., primary, Deustua, S., additional, Gabi, S., additional, Groom, D., additional, Hook, I., additional, Kim, A., additional, Kim, M., additional, Lee, J., additional, Pain, R., additional, Pennypacker, C., additional, Perlmutter, S., additional, Small, I., additional, Goobar, A., additional, Ellis, R., additional, Mcmahon, R., additional, Boyle, B., additional, Bunclark, P., additional, Carter, D., additional, Glazebrook, K., additional, Irwin, M., additional, Newberg, H., additional, Filippenko, A. V., additional, Matheson, T., additional, Dopita, M., additional, Mould, J., additional, and Couch, W., additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
799. A Spacetime oddity: time dilation and length contraction for the amateur enthusiast
- Author
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Elani, Zion
- Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION - Abstract
Special relativity is undoubtedly one of the pillars of modern physics where concepts such as time dilation and length contraction subtly play a role in various aspects of nature. Typically veiled under complex and difficult-to-fathom mathematical analysis, the path to understanding these phenomena can leave a novice student lost and confused. In this lecture notes, we attempt to explain and arrive at these concepts using physically intuitive methods and elementary mathematics without the use of advanced mathematical knowledge to make it easier for high school students and amateur enthusiasts to comprehend.
- Published
- 2019
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800. Visualization of flat and curved spacetimes with simple cartography tools.
- Author
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Scott, R B
- Subjects
- *
CURVED spacetime , *TIME dilation , *CARTOGRAPHY , *MAP projection , *EXPANDING universe - Abstract
Well-developed tools from cartography are adapted and used to visualize curved and flat spacetime to further understanding of relativistic effects, while interpretation of these tools is aided through their application to the familiar world map. First spacetime is cut into two-dimensional subspaces that are mapped to the Minkowski or Euclidean plane using map projections. Then, exploiting the cartographic technique of map interruptions, the two-dimensional subspaces are further cut into 'wedges' to minimize the distortion. The mental exercise of sewing the wedges back together aids in visualizing and interpreting the geometry of the spacetime slice. Map distortion indicators alert the reader to the inevitable effects of distortion. This wedge diagram provides a simple yet powerful tool to visualize both flat and curved spacetime geometry. It is more general than the familiar embedding diagram and avoids the pitfall of confusing the space in question with the embedding space. The wedge diagram is applied first to Minkowski spacetime with the cartographers' azimuthal equidistant map projection and, when combined with the wedge technique, provides a simple visualization of the twin paradox. The wedge diagram is then applied to the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime to visualize the physical significance of spacetime curvature. In particular it is shown how gravitational time dilation results from intrinsic curvature of a radial-time slice of spacetime. Then this diagram is applied to the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime revealing how expansion of the Universe results from a qualitatively similar curvature of a radial-time slice, but with the roles of space and time reversed. The analogy between the two spacetimes suggests novel interpretations of the two spacetimes. We interpret the Schwarzschild spacetime as time expanding with increasing distance from the horizon. And we interpret the FRW spacetime as the Universe expanding as the influence of the big bang peters out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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