774 results on '"Emilio Ros"'
Search Results
752. Associations of the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes are modulated by diet, being higher when adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low
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Guillermo Sáez-Tormo, Eva M. Asensio, Jose M. Ordovas, Dolores Corella, Fernando Arós, Miguel Angel Muñoz, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Ramon Estruch, José V. Sorlí, Emilio Ros, Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Miquel Fiol, José Lapetra, Lluis Serra-Majem, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, O. Coltell, Xavier Pintó, María-Isabel Covas, and Universitat de Barcelona
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,modelos logísticos ,cumplimiento del paciente ,Mediterranean diet ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,humanos ,Type 2 diabetes ,frecuencia génica ,MC4R ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Body Mass Index ,Nutrigenomics ,Gene Frequency ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Odds Ratio ,mediana edad ,Nutrigenetics ,Original Investigation ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,anciano ,nutrigenómica ,Diabetis ,dieta ,modelos lineales ,Diabetes ,ayuno ,distribución de la ji al cuadrado ,Fasting ,Middle Aged ,cociente de probabilidades relativas ,estado nutricional ,Phenotype ,interacción gen-ambiente ,diabetes mellitus ,fenotipo ,Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 ,Female ,Dieta ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,FTO ,Nutrigenòmica ,medicine.medical_specialty ,glucosa sanguínea ,Gene-diet interactions ,Population ,estudios de casos y controles ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,Nutritional Status ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,análisis multifactorial ,education ,Aged ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,business.industry ,proteínas ,índice de masa corporal ,Case-control study ,Proteins ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,predisposición genética a la enfermedad ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,Logistic Models ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Spain ,Case-Control Studies ,Multivariate Analysis ,Linear Models ,Patient Compliance ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background: Although the Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO) and Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) genes have been consistently associated with obesity risk, the association between the obesity-risk alleles with type 2 diabetes is still controversial. In some recent meta-analyses in which significant results have been reported, the associations disappeared after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). However gene-diet interactions with dietary patterns have not been investigated. Our main aim was to analyze whether these associations are modulated by the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet). Methods: Case-control study in 7,052 high cardiovascular risk subjects (3,430 type 2 diabetes cases and 3,622 non-diabetic subjects) with no differences in BMI. Diet was assessed by validated questionnaires. FTO-rs9939609 and MC4R-rs17782313 were determined. An aggregate genetic score was calculated to test additive effects. Gene-diet interactions were analyzed. Results: Neither of the polymorphisms was associated with type 2 diabetes in the whole population. However, we found consistent gene-diet interactions with adherence to the MedDiet both for the FTO-rs9939609 (P-interaction=0.039), the MC4R-rs17782313 (P-interaction=0.009) and for their aggregate score (P-interaction=0.006). When adherence to the MedDiet was low, carriers of the variant alleles had higher type 2 diabetes risk (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.40; P=0.019 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=1.17, 95%CI:1.01-1.36; P=0.035 for MC4R-rs17782313) than wild-type subjects. However, when adherence to the MedDiet was high, these associations disappeared (OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.85-1.16; P=0.673 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=0.89, 95%CI:0.78-1.02; P=0.097 for MC4R-rs17782313). These gene-diet interactions remained significant even after adjustment for BMI. As MedDiet is rich in folate, we also specifically examined folate intake and detected statistically significant interaction effects on fasting plasma glucose concentrations in non-diabetic subjects. However these findings should be interpreted with caution because folate intake may simply reflect a healthy dietary pattern. Conclusions: These novel results suggest that the association of the FTO-rs9939609 and the MC4R-rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes depends on diet and that a high adherence to the MedDiet counteracts the genetic predisposition., This study has been supported by The Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Ministry of Economy and Innovation, Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects PI051839, PI070240, PI1001407, G03/140, CIBER 06/03, RD06/0045 PI07-0954, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, SAF2009-12304 and AGL2010-22319-C03-03), by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research, USA and by the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain (AP111/10, AP-042/11, BEST11-263, BEST/2011/261, GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145 and ACOMP/2012/190).
753. Dietary inflammatory index and anthropometric measures of obesity in a population sample at high cardiovascular risk from the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial
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James R. Hébert, Miquel Fiol, Ana Sánchez-Tainta, Javier Rekondo, Itziar Zazpe, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, Ramon Estruch, Nitin Shivappa, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Xavier Pintó, Luis Serra-Majem, Montserrat Fitó, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Emilio Ros, J. A. Martínez, Dolores Corella, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, J. Fernandez-Crehuet, and Universitat de Barcelona
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Male ,Mediterranean diet ,Population sample ,Saturated fat ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Body Mass Index ,Nutrition Policy ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,Aged, 80 and over ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Anthropometry ,Middle Aged ,Circumference ,Inflamació ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Obesitat ,Female ,Dieta ,Cooperació dels malalts ,Waist Circumference ,Política alimentària ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Nutrition policy ,Promoció de la salut ,Health Promotion ,Article ,Mediterranean cooking ,Internal medicine ,Cuina mediterrània ,Humans ,Obesity ,Dieta mediterranea ,Aged ,Inflammation ,Waist-Height Ratio ,business.industry ,Malalties cardiovasculars ,Patient compliance ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Diet ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Spain ,Patient Compliance ,Health promotion ,business ,Energy Intake ,Antropometria - Abstract
The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a new tool to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. In the present study, we aimed to determine the association between the DII and BMI, waist circumference and waist:height ratio (WHtR). We conducted a cross-sectional study of 7236 participants recruited into the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial. Information from a validated 137-item FFQ was used to calculate energy, food and nutrient intakes. A fourteen-item dietary screener was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet). Sex-specific multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate differences (and 95 % CI) in BMI, waist circumference and WHtR across the quintiles of the DII. All nutrient intakes, healthy foods and adherence to the MeDiet were higher in the quintile with the lowest DII score (more anti-inflammatory values) except for intakes of animal protein, saturated fat and monounsaturated fat. Although an inverse association between the DII and total energy was apparent, the DII was associated with higher average BMI, waist circumference and WHtR after adjusting for known risk factors. The adjusted difference in the WHtR for women and men between the highest and lowest quintiles of the DII was 1·60 % (95 % CI 0·87, 2·33) and 1·04 % (95 % CI 0·35, 1·74), respectively. Pro-inflammatory scores remained associated with obesity after controlling for the effect that adherence to a MeDiet had on inflammation. In conclusion, the present study shows a direct association between the DII and indices of obesity, and supports the hypothesis that diet may have a role in the development of obesity through inflammatory modulation mechanisms. The PREDIMED trial was supported by the official funding agency for Biomedical Research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial: RTIC G03/140 (Coordinator: R Estruch, MD, PhD), CIBERobn, and RTIC RD 06/0045 (Coordinator: MA Martínez-González, MD, PhD). We also acknowledge grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares CNIC 06/2007, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (PI04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI11/01647), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (AGL-2009-13906-C02, AGL2010-22319-C03), Fundación Mapfre 2010, Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia and Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151, CS2010-AP-111 and CS2011-AP-042), and a joint contract (CES09/030) with the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the Health Department of the Catalan Government (Generalitat de Catalunya).
754. Statistical and biological gene-lifestyle interactions of MC4R and FTO with diet and physical activity on obesity: new effects on alcohol consumption
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Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Amelia Marti, Miquel Fiol, José V. Sorlí, Paula Carrasco, Emilio Ros, Oscar Coltell, Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pintó, José Lapetra, M. Isabel Covas, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, Ramón Estruch, Dolores Corella, Jose M. Ordovas, Fernando Arós, and Universitat de Barcelona
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Male ,consumo de alcohol ,Mediterranean diet ,Epidemiology ,humanos ,lcsh:Medicine ,MC4R ,Cardiovascular ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Body Mass Index ,Psychology ,lcsh:Science ,Body mass index ,mediana edad ,Aged, 80 and over ,anciano ,Multidisciplinary ,Middle Aged ,Drinking of alcoholic beverages ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,estilo de vida ,Medicine ,Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 ,Consum d'alcohol ,Obesitat ,Female ,Public Health ,FTO ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Estils de vida ,Waist ,Alcohol Drinking ,Clinical Research Design ,Lifestyles ,Exercici ,Biology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,Humans ,Obesity ,Sports and Exercise Medicine ,Life Style ,obesidad ,Exercise ,Primary Care ,Nutrition ,Aged ,Behavior ,Physical activity ,proteínas ,lcsh:R ,índice de masa corporal ,Proteins ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Metabolic Disorders ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
Background: Fat mass and obesity (FTO) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and are relevant genes associated with obesity. This could be through food intake, but results are contradictory. Modulation by diet or other lifestyle factors is also not well understood. Objective: To investigate whether MC4R and FTO associations with body-weight are modulated by diet and physical activity (PA), and to study their association with alcohol and food intake. Methods: Adherence to Mediterranean diet (AdMedDiet) and physical activity (PA) were assessed by validated questionnaires in 7,052 high cardiovascular risk subjects. MC4R rs17782313 and FTO rs9939609 were determined. Independent and joint associations (aggregate genetic score) as well as statistical and biological gene-lifestyle interactions were analyzed. Results: FTO rs9939609 was associated with higher bodymass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and obesity (P < 0.05 for all). A similar, but not significant trend was found for MC4R rs17782313. Their additive effects (aggregate score) were significant and we observed a 7% per-allele increase of being obese (OR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.13). We found relevant statistical interactions (P, 0.05) with PA. So, in active individuals, the associations with higher BMI, WC or obesity were not detected. A biological (non-statistical) interaction between AdMedDiet and rs9939609 and the aggregate score was found. Greater AdMedDiet in individuals carrying 4 or 3-risk alleles counterbalanced their genetic predisposition, exhibiting similar BMI (P = 0.502) than individuals with no risk alleles and lower AdMedDiet. They also had lower BMI (P = 0.021) than their counterparts with low AdMedDiet. We did not find any consistent association with energy or macronutrients, but found a novel association between these polymorphisms and lower alcohol consumption in variant-allele carriers (B+/-SE: -0.57+/-0.16 g/d per-score-allele; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Statistical and biological interactions with PA and diet modulate the effects of FTO and MC4R polymorphisms on obesity. The novel association with alcohol consumption seems independent of their effects on BMI., The Official funding agency for Biomedical Research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), provided the grants for his study: RTIC G03/140, CIBERobn, RD 06/0045, PI04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI11/02505 PI11/01647 CNIC-06 and AGL2010-22319-C03-03. The Generalitat Valenciana provided grants AP-042/11 and BEST11-263. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
755. Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on Cardiovascular Risk Factors a Randomized Trial
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Fernando Arós, Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Miguel Fiol, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Guillermo T. Sáez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, José Lapetra, Emilio Ros, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Ramon Estruch, Ernest Vinyoles, Manuel Conde, Dolores Corella, Carlos Lahoz, Mari Carmen Lopez-Sabater, and María Isabel Covas
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Mediterranean climate ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,Cardiovascular risk factors ,Blood Pressure ,Diet, Mediterranean ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Dietary Fats, Unsaturated ,law ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Plant Oils ,Nuts ,Prospective Studies ,Risk factor ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Cholesterol, HDL ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Cardiovascular disease ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,C-Reactive Protein ,Cholesterol ,Multicenter study ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Christian ministry ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,Olive oil - Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean diet has been shown to hae beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To compare the shor-term effects of 2 Mediterranean diets versus those of a low-fat diet on intermediate markers of cardiovascular risk. Design: Substudy of a multicenter, randomized, primary prevention trial of cardiovascular disease (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea [PREDIMED] Study). Setting: Primary care centers affiliated with 10 teaching hospitals. Participants: 772 asymptomatic persons 55 to 80 years of age at high cardiovascular risk who were recruited from october 2003 to march 2004. Interventions: participants were assigned to a low-fat diet (n=257) or to 1 of 2 Mediterranean diets. Those allocated to Mediterranean diets received nutritional education and either free virgin olive oil, 1 liter per week (n=257), of free nuts, 30 g/d (n=258). The authors evaluated outcome changes at 3 months. Limitations: This short-term study did not focus on clinical out-comes. Nutritional education about low-fat diet was less intense than education about Mediterranean diets. Conclusion: Compared with a low-fat diet, Mediterranean diets supplemented with olive oil or nuts have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors., Grant Support: By the Spanish Ministry of Health (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Red G03/140).
756. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: The effect of body position
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Francisco Lomeña, Antoni Torres, Joan Serra-Batlles, Albert Cobos, Jorge Puig de la Bellacasa, Carles Piera, Robert Rodriguez-Roisin, and Emilio Ros
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Male ,Artificial ventilation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Posture ,Head of bed ,Pneumonia, Aspiration ,Risk Factors ,Supine Position ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Mechanical ventilation ,Gastric Juice ,Inhalation ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Body position ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Respiration, Artificial ,Surgery ,Trachea ,Pulmonary aspiration ,Anesthesia ,Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid ,Pharynx ,Female ,business - Abstract
To determine if the semirecumbent position (45-degree angle) decreases aspiration of gastric contents to the airways in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients.A randomized, two-period crossover trial.Respiratory intensive care unit.Nineteen patients requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation.Patients were studied in the supine and semirecumbent positions on two separate days.After technetium (Tc)-99m sulphur colloid labeling of gastric contents, sequential radioactive counts in endobronchial secretions were measured at 30-minute intervals over a 5-hour period. Samples of endobronchial secretions, gastric juice, and pharyngeal contents were obtained for qualitative bacterial cultures.Mean radioactive counts in endobronchial secretions were higher in samples obtained while patients were in the supine position than in those obtained while patients were in the semirecumbent position (4154 cpm compared with 954 cpm; P = 0.036). Moreover, the aspiration pattern was time-dependent for each position: For the supine position, radioactivity was 298 cpm at 30 min and 2592 cpm at 300 min (P = 0.013); for the semirecumbent position, radioactivity was 103 cpm at 30 min and 216 cpm at 300 min (P = 0.04). The same microorganisms were isolated from stomach, pharynx, and endobronchial samples in 32% of studies done while patients were semirecumbent and in 68% of studies done while patients were in the supine position.We conclude that the supine position and length of time the patient is kept in this position are potential risk factors for aspiration of gastric contents. Elevating the head of the bed for patients who can tolerate the semirecumbent position may be a simple, no-cost prophylactic measure.
757. Preclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a population with low incidence of myocardial infarction: Cross sectional autopsy study
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Antonia Bertomeu, Xavier Farré, Albert Galobart, Olga García-Vidal, Juan C. Laguna, Manuel Vázquez, and Emilio Ros
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cross-sectional study ,Population ,Myocardial Infarction ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Coronary artery disease ,Left coronary artery ,medicine.artery ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,education ,Coronary atherosclerosis ,Aged ,General Environmental Science ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Mortality rate ,General Engineering ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Coronary Vessels ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Atheroma ,Spain ,Papers ,Cardiology ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Female ,Autopsy ,business - Abstract
Studies of autopsies indicate that atherosclerosis begins in childhood and is related to risk factors for coronary heart disease in the same way as for adult atherosclerosis.1 In Spain, despite risk factors for coronary heart disease being common, incidence of myocardial infarction and related mortality rates are among the lowest in the world.2 3 This paradox may be explained in two ways. One theory proposes that there is a time lag between increased consumption of animal fat and raised serum cholesterol concentrations, which have occurred more recently in Mediterranean populations than in other Western countries, and the expected increase in rates of coronary heart disease.4 An alternative explanation is that Mediterranean countries share behavioural and socioeconomic factors that prevent or delay atherogenesis.5 If this is true, the arteries of young Spaniards should be free from atheroma. We studied autopsies to evaluate the prevalence and severity of atherosclerosis in several arterial beds of young trauma victims from Barcelona. We report the results of left coronary artery evaluation. At …
758. Prevention of diabetes with mediterranean diets: A subgroup analysis of a randomized trial
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Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, José Lapetra, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Dolores Corella, Fernando Arós, Miguel A. Muñoz, Mònica Bulló, Emilio Ros, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Lluis Serra-Majem, Josep Basora, María-Isabel Covas, Núria Ibarrola-Jurado, Dora Romaguera, Ramon Estruch, Xavier Pintó, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, José V. Sorlí, Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili.
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Gerontology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Diabetes risk ,Mediterranean diet ,Subgroup analysis ,Diet, Mediterranean ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Dietary Fats, Unsaturated ,Weight loss ,law ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Weight Loss ,Internal Medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Nuts ,Plant Oils ,Diabetes prevention ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Exercise ,Olive Oil ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Diabetes mellitus, type 2 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Primary Prevention ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Spain ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background: Interventions promoting weight loss can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Whether dietary changes without calorie restriction also protect from diabetes has not been evaluated. Objective: To assess the efficacy of Mediterranean diets for the primary prevention of diabetes in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea trial, from October 2003 to December 2010 (median follow-up, 4.1 years). Design: Subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized trial. (Current Controlled Trials: ISRCTN35739639) Setting: Primary care centers in Spain. Participants: Men and women without diabetes (3541 patients aged 55 to 80 years) at high cardiovascular risk. Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned and stratified by site, sex, and age but not diabetes status to receive 1 of 3 diets: Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts, or a control diet (advice on a low-fat diet). No intervention to increase physical activity or lose weight was included. Measurements: Incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (prespecified secondary outcome). Results: During follow-up, 80, 92, and 101 new-onset cases of diabetes occurred in the Mediterranean diet supplemented with EVOO, Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts, and control diet groups, respectively, corresponding to rates of 16.0, 18.7, and 23.6 cases per 1000 person-years. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.60 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85) for the Mediterranean diet supplemented with EVOO and 0.82 (CI, 0.61 to 1.10) for the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts compared with the control diet. Limitations: Randomization was not stratified by diabetes status. Withdrawals were greater in the control group. Conclusion: A Mediterranean diet enriched with EVOO but without energy restrictions reduced diabetes risk among persons with high cardiovascular risk. © 2014 American College of Physicians.
759. Nicolas Slonimsky (1894-1995) y sus escritos sobre música en Latinoamérica: reivindicación de un 'fishing trip'
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EMILIO ROS-FÁBREGAS
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History of 20th-century music ,Orquestral music ,Relaciones musicales entre España y América ,Slonimsky, Nicolas (1894-1995) ,Early 20th-century music ,Latin American music ,Historia de la Música s. XX ,Latin American composers ,Compositores latinoamericanos ,Música del siglo XX ,Música orquestal ,Fleisher Collection ,Music relationships between Spain and Latin America ,Música contemporánea ,Música latinoamericana ,Contemporary music - Abstract
[EN] Nicolas Slonimsky´s book Music of Latin America (1945) was a pioneering work in which for the first time the music of all countries from Latin America was discussed; although originally the book was not very well received, it deserves to be revisited by all those interested in the music relationships between Spain and Latin America. After presenting the biography of the multifaceted Slonimsky (translated from his own article in Baker´s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians), this article reviews Slonimsky´s tryp to Latin America (full of anecdotes with the composers he met) collecting orchestral scores for the Fleisher Collection of the Free Library in Philadelphia, as well as his activity as conductor and lucid critic of contemporary Latin American music. The Appendix presents early 20th-century Spanish musicians who travelled to Latin America mentioned by Slonimsky, as well as Latin American composers who visited Spain; in that way the music relationships between Spain and Latin America during the first half of the 20th century as seen by Slonimsky are reflected, albeit indirectly, through his writings about the music of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, República Dominicana, México, Panamá and Perú. Some facts presented by Slonimsky are not in the Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana., [ES] El libro de Nicolas Slonimsky Music of Latin America (1945) fue una obra pionera en la que por primera vez se presentó un compendio de la actividad musical en todos los países de Latinoamérica; aunque fue criticada originalmente, esta obra merece ser revisitada y servir de inspiración a todos aquellos interesados en las relaciones musicales entre ambos lados del Atlántico. Tras presentar la biografía del polifacético Slonimsky (traducida de su propio artículo en el Baker´s Biograhical Dictionary of Musicians), el artículo repasa su periplo por Latinoamérica (plagado de anécdotas con los compositores que conoció) recogiendo partituras orquestales originales para la Fleisher Collection de la Free Library de Philadelphia, así como su actividad como director y crítico musical clarividente. El Apéndice presenta los músicos españoles de la primera mitad del siglo XX en Latinoamérica cuya actividad fue comentada por Slonimsky, así como los músicos latinoamericanos que según Slonimsky estuvieron en España; de esa forma queda también reflejada la importante relación musical entre ambos lados del Atlántico durante la primera mitad del siglo XX tal y como la presentó Slonimsky, de forma indirecta, al comentar la música de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, República Dominicana, México, Panamá y Perú. Algunos datos presentados por Slonimsky no han quedado recogidos en el Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana.
760. Impact of Consuming Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts within a Mediterranean Diet on DNA Methylation in Peripheral White Blood Cells within the PREDIMED-Navarra Randomized Controlled Trial: A Role for Dietary Lipids
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Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Ramon Estruch, Montserrat Fitó, Cristina Razquin, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, J. Alfredo Martínez, Amelia Marti, Ana Arpón, Emilio Ros, Fermín I. Milagro, Dolores Corella, and Jose I Riezu-Boj
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Time Factors ,Mediterranean diet ,DNA methylation ,nuts ,olive oil ,blood cells ,ADN ,Physiology ,Comorbidity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Leukocytes ,Nuts ,Cooking (Dried foods) ,Aged, 80 and over ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Methylation ,Middle Aged ,Oli d'oliva ,Treatment Outcome ,CpG site ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Female ,Diet, Healthy ,Metilació ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid ,Blood cells ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mediterranean cooking ,Diabetes mellitus ,Cuina mediterrània ,medicine ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Olive Oil ,Aged ,Metabolism ,DNA ,Protective Factors ,medicine.disease ,Cuina (Fruita seca) ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Spain ,Cèl·lules sanguínies ,CpG Islands ,Energy Metabolism ,Olive oil ,Food Science - Abstract
DNA methylation could be reversible and mouldable by environmental factors, such as dietary exposures. The objective was to analyse whether an intervention with two Mediterranean diets, one rich in extra-virgin olive oil (MedDiet + EVOO) and the other one in nuts (MedDiet + nuts), was influencing the methylation status of peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs) genes. A subset of 36 representative individuals were selected within the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED-Navarra) trial, with three intervention groups in high cardiovascular risk volunteers: MedDiet + EVOO, MedDiet + nuts, and a low-fat control group. Methylation was assessed at baseline and at five-year follow-up. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed routes with differentially methylated CpG sites (CpGs) related to intermediate metabolism, diabetes, inflammation, and signal transduction. Two CpGs were specifically selected: cg01081346-CPT1B/CHKB-CPT1B and cg17071192-GNAS/GNASAS, being associated with intermediate metabolism. Furthermore, cg01081346 was associated with PUFAs intake, showing a role for specific fatty acids on epigenetic modulation. Specific components of MedDiet, particularly nuts and EVOO, were able to induce methylation changes in several PWBCs genes. These changes may have potential benefits in health; especially those changes in genes related to intermediate metabolism, diabetes, inflammation and signal transduction, which may contribute to explain the role of MedDiet and fat quality on health outcomes. This work was supported by CIBERobn (CB12/03/30002 to J.A.M.) and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2013-45554-R to J.A.M. and F.I.M.) and Red PREDIMED-RETIC RD06/0045. A.A. was supported by a grant from Centre for Nutrition Research (Universidad de Navarra) until august 2016, and from that day, by a “Formación de Profesorado Universitario” fellowship from Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU15/02790).
761. Empirically-derived food patterns and the risk of total mortality and cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED study
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Miquel Fiol, Lluis Serra-Majem, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, José Lapetra, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Estefanía Toledo, Helmut Schröder, Javier Recondo, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, Ana Sánchez-Tainta, Dolores Corella, Ramon Estruch, Josep A. Tur, Emilio Ros, José V. Sorlí, Miguel Angel Muñoz, Cristina Razquin, Itziar Zazpe, Xavier Pintó, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, and Universitat de Barcelona
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,Empirical Research ,Motor Activity ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Lower risk ,Body Mass Index ,Mediterranean cooking ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,Cuina mediterrània ,Risk of mortality ,Mortalitat ,Humans ,Medicine ,Refined grains ,Mortality ,Diet, Fat-Restricted ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Aged, 80 and over ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Malalties cardiovasculars ,Hazard ratio ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,Confidence interval ,Diet ,Europe ,Nutrition Assessment ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Quartile ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Dieta ,Energy Intake ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is little evidence on post hoc-derived dietary patterns (DP) and all-cause mortality in Southern-European populations. Furthermore, the potential effect modification of a DP by a nutritional intervention has not been sufficiently assessed. We assessed the association between a posteriori defined baseline major DP and total mortality or cardiovascular events within each of the three arms of a large primary prevention trial (PREDIMED) where participants were randomized to two active interventions with Mediterranean-type diets or to a control group (allocated to a low-fat diet). DESIGN: We followed-up 7216 participants for a median of 4.3 years. A validated 137-item food-frequency questionnaire was administered. Baseline DP were ascertained through factor analysis based on 34 predefined groups. Cox regression models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality across quartiles of DP within each of the three arms of the trial. RESULTS: We identified two major baseline DP: the first DP was rich in red and processed meats, alcohol, refined grains and whole dairy products and was labeled Western dietary pattern (WDP). The second DP corresponded to a 'Mediterranean-type' dietary pattern (MDP). During follow-up, 328 participants died. After controlling for potential confounders, higher baseline adherence to the MDP was associated with lower risk of CVD (adjusted HR for fourth vs. first quartile: 0.52; 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 0.36, 0.74; p-trend
762. Olive oil intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the PREDIMED Study
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José V. Sorlí, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, José Lapetra, Miguel A. Muñoz, Javier Recondo, Josep Basora, Ramon Estruch, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós, Mònica Bulló, Miquel Fiol, Lluis Serra-Majem, Montserrat Fitó, Frank B. Hu, Dolores Corella, Emilio Ros, Xavier Pintó, J. Alfredo Martínez, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Universitat de Barcelona, Centre Català de la Nutrició de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and European Commission
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riesgo ,Mediterranean diet ,humanos ,Myocardial Infarction ,Cardiovascular ,law.invention ,Cohort Studies ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Risk Factors ,Neoplasms ,estudios prospectivos ,Nuts ,Myocardial infarction ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,estudios de cohortes ,mediana edad ,Medicine(all) ,neoplasias ,education.field_of_study ,anciano ,dieta ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Stroke ,Oli d'oliva ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,aceites de plantas ,Cohort study ,Risk ,PREDIMED ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,enfermedades cardiovasculares ,National Death Index ,Environmental health ,medicine ,Mortalitat ,Humans ,Plant Oils ,factores de riesgo ,accidente cerebrovascular ,Mortality ,education ,infarto de miocardio ,Aged ,Mediterranean Diet ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Malalties cardiovasculars ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Diet ,nueces ,business ,Olive oil - Abstract
[Background] It is unknown whether individuals at high cardiovascular risk sustain a benefit in cardiovascular disease from increased olive oil consumption. The aim was to assess the association between total olive oil intake, its varieties (extra virgin and common olive oil) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk., [Methods] We included 7,216 men and women at high cardiovascular risk, aged 55 to 80 years, from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study, a multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Participants were randomized to one of three interventions: Mediterranean Diets supplemented with nuts or extra-virgin olive oil, or a control low-fat diet. The present analysis was conducted as an observational prospective cohort study. The median follow-up was 4.8 years. Cardiovascular disease (stroke, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death) and mortality were ascertained by medical records and National Death Index. Olive oil consumption was evaluated with validated food frequency questionnaires. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards and generalized estimating equations were used to assess the association between baseline and yearly repeated measurements of olive oil intake, cardiovascular disease and mortality., [Results] During follow-up, 277 cardiovascular events and 323 deaths occurred. Participants in the highest energy-adjusted tertile of baseline total olive oil and extra-virgin olive oil consumption had 35% (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.89) and 39% (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.85) cardiovascular disease risk reduction, respectively, compared to the reference. Higher baseline total olive oil consumption was associated with 48% (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.93) reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality. For each 10 g/d increase in extra-virgin olive oil consumption, cardiovascular disease and mortality risk decreased by 10% and 7%, respectively. No significant associations were found for cancer and all-cause mortality. The associations between cardiovascular events and extra virgin olive oil intake were significant in the Mediterranean diet intervention groups and not in the control group., [Conclusions] Olive oil consumption, specifically the extra-virgin variety, is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals at high cardiovascular risk.Trial registration: This study was registered at controlled-trials.com (http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN35739639). International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 35739639. Registration date: 5 October 2005. © 2014 Guasch-Ferré et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd., We thank all the participants in the PREDIMED study. This study was funded, in part, by the Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII), PI1001407, Thematic Network G03/140, RD06/0045, FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), and the Centre Català de la Nutrició de l’Institut d’Estudis Catalans. The Fundación Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero and Hojiblanca SA (Málaga, Spain), California Walnut Commission (Sacramento, CA), Borges SA (Reus, Spain), and Morella Nuts SA (Reus, Spain) donated the olive oil, walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts, respectively, used in the study.
763. A short screener is valid for assessing Mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women
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Jordi Salas-Salvado, Helmut Schröder, Montserrat Fito, Ramon Estruch, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez, Dolores Corella, Rosa Lamuela-Raventos, Emilio Ros, Itziar Salaverria, Miquel Fiol, Jose Lapetra, Ernest Vinyoles, Enrique Gomez-Gracia, Carlos Lahoz, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pinto, Valentina Ruiz-Gutierrez, Maria-Isabel Covas, Alimentació, Nutrició, Creixement i Salut Mental, Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili
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Biochemistry and technology ,Bioquímica y tecnología ,Mediterranean diet ,older men and women ,adherence ,Pacients -- Cooperació ,Bioquímica i biotecnologia ,Dieta mediterrània ,0022-3166 - Abstract
Ensuring the accuracy of dietary assessment instruments is paramount for interpreting diet-disease relationships. The present study assessed the relative and construct validity of the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) used in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study, a primary prevention nutrition-intervention trial. A validated FFQ and the MEDAS were administered to 7146 participants of the PREDIMED study. The MEDAS-derived PREDIMED score correlated significantly with the corresponding FFQ PREDIMED score (r = 0.52; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.51) and in the anticipated directions with the dietary intakes reported on the FFQ. Using Bland Altman's analysis, the average MEDAS Mediterranean diet score estimate was 105% of the FFQ PREDIMED score estimate. Limits of agreement ranged between 57 and 153%. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that a higher PREDIMED score related directly (P < 0.001) to HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and inversely (P < 0.038) to BMI, waist circumference, TG, the TG:HDL-C ratio, fasting glucose, and the cholesterol:HDL-C ratio. The 10-y estimated coronary artery disease risk decreased as the PREDIMED score increased (P < 0.001). The MEDAS is a valid instrument for rapid estimation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and may be useful in clinical practice.
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764. Intraesophageal pH monitoring after breakfast + lunch in gastroesophageal reflux
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Aurora Pujol, L. Grande, José Fuster, Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas, Josep Visa, C. Pera, and Emilio Ros
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Ph monitoring ,Gastroenterology ,Postprandial Periods ,Eating ,Esophagus ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Reflux ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Postprandial ,Gastroesophageal Reflux ,Female ,business - Abstract
To evaluate intraesophageal pH monitoring during two consecutive 3-h postprandial periods (breakfast + lunch) in the diagnosis of pathological gastroesophageal reflux, we studied 40 patients with documented gastroesophageal reflux and 15 healthy controls. Reflux events were analyzed in the two separate postprandial periods, their sum (double postprandial pHmetry), and a standard 24-h period. Data from all pH-recording periods were compared and correlation coefficients were obtained between postprandial and 24-h reflux events. While pH recordings from the two separate postprandial periods provided good separation between patients and controls, double postprandial pHmetry was most accurate in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux. In the latter procedure, mean percent reflux time was 2.5 +/- 1.8% in controls and 19.4% +/- 10.3% in patients (p less than 0.001), with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 97%. A high degree of correlation existed for all reflux events between postprandial and 24-h pHmetries. We believe that double postprandial intraesophageal pH monitoring accurately distinguishes between normal persons and patients with pathological reflux. The technique considerably shortens the examination time in relation to 24-h pH monitoring and may prove the esophageal test of choice for objective evidence of gastroesophageal reflux.
765. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with the Mediterranean diet: results of the PREDIMED-Reus nutrition intervention randomized trial
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JORDI SALAS-SALVADO, MONICA BULLO, NANCY BABIO, MIGUEL ANGEL MARTINEZ-GONZALEZ, NURIA IBARROLA-JURADO, JOSEP BASORA, RAMON ESTRUCH, MARIA ISABEL COVAS, DOLORES CORELLA, FERNANDO AROS, VALENTINA RUIZ-GUTIERREZ, EMILIO ROS, PREDIMED STUDY INVESTIGATORS, Alimentació, Nutrició, Creixement i Salut Mental, Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili
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Biochemistry and technology ,Bioquímica y tecnología ,Mediterranean diet ,0149-5992 ,Randomized trial ,Bioquímica i biotecnologia ,Dieta mediterrània ,Diabetis no-insulinodependent ,Type-2 diabetes - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of two Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interventions versus a low-fat diet on incidence of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a three-arm randomized trial in 418 nondiabetic subjects aged 55-80 years recruited in one center (PREDIMED-Reus, northeastern Spain) of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea [PREDIMED] study, a large nutrition intervention trial for primary cardiovascular prevention in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Participants were randomly assigned to education on a low-fat diet (control group) or to one of two MedDiets, supplemented with either free virgin olive oil (1 liter/week) or nuts (30 g/day). Diets were ad libitum, and no advice on physical activity was given. The main outcome was diabetes incidence diagnosed by the 2009 American Diabetes Association criteria. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 4.0 years, diabetes incidence was 10.1% (95% CI 5.1-15.1), 11.0% (5.9-16.1), and 17.9% (11.4-24.4) in the MedDiet with olive oil group, the MedDiet with nuts group, and the control group, respectively. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios of diabetes were 0.49 (0.25-0.97) and 0.48 (0.24-0.96) in the MedDiet supplemented with olive oil and nuts groups, respectively, compared with the control group. When the two MedDiet groups were pooled and compared with the control group, diabetes incidence was reduced by 52% (27-86). In all study arms, increased adherence to the MedDiet was inversely associated with diabetes incidence. Diabetes risk reduction occurred in the absence of significant changes in body weight or physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: MedDiets without calorie restriction seem to be effective in the prevention of diabetes in subjects at high cardiovascular risk.
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766. Walnut-enriched diet increases the association of LDL from hypercholesterolemic men with human HepG2 cells
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Sonia Muñoz, Manuel Merlos, Cristina Rodríguez, Daniel Zambón, Joan Sabaté, Emilio Ros, and Juan C. Laguna
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Apolipoprotein B ,Linolenic acid ,Cholesterol, VLDL ,Hypercholesterolemia ,QD415-436 ,fatty acids ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,medicine ,Humans ,Nuts ,Aged ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Triglyceride ,Mediterranean Region ,Chemistry ,Cholesterol ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Unsaturated fat ,LDL receptor ,Cholesterol, LDL ,Cell Biology ,Middle Aged ,Dietary Fats ,Endocytosis ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Kinetics ,Apolipoproteins ,Receptors, LDL ,Hepatocytes ,biology.protein ,Cholesteryl ester ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,polygenic hypercholesterolemia ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
In a randomized, cross-over feeding trial involv- ing 10 men with polygenic hypercholesterolemia, a control, Mediterranean-type cholesterol-lowering diet, and a diet of similar composition in which walnuts replaced � 35% of en- ergy from unsaturated fat, were given for 6 weeks each. Compared with the control diet, the walnut diet reduced serum total and LDL cholesterol by 4.2% ( P � 0.176), and 6.0% ( P � 0.087), respectively. No changes were observed in HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein A-I levels or in the relative proportion of protein, triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters in LDL particles. The apolipoprotein B level declined in parallel with LDL choles- terol (6.0% reduction). Whole LDL, particularly the triglyc- eride fraction, was enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids from walnuts (linoleic and � -linolenic acids). In comparison with LDL obtained during the control diet, LDL obtained during the walnut diet showed a 50% increase in association rates to the LDL receptor in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. LDL uptake by HepG2 cells was correlated with � -linolenic acid content of the triglyceride plus cholesteryl ester frac- tions of LDL particles ( r 2 � 0.42, P � 0.05). Changes in the quantity and quality of LDL lipid fatty acids after a walnut- enriched diet facilitate receptor-mediated LDL clearance and may contribute to the cholesterol-lowering effect of walnut consumption. —Munoz, S., M. Merlos, D. Zambon, C. Rodriguez, J. Sabate, E. Ros, and J. C. Laguna. Walnut- enriched diet increases the association of LDL from hyper- cholesterolemic men with human HepG2 cells. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 2069-2076.
767. Is complying with the recommendations of sodium intake beneficial for health in individuals at high cardiovascular risk? Findings from the PREDIMED study
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Jordi Merino, José Lapetra, José V. Sorlí, Emilio Ros, Manuel Moñino, Montserrat Fitó, Marta Guasch-Ferré, D. Corella, Mònica Bulló, Ramón Estruch, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Cristina Razquin, Miguel A. Muñoz, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Lluis Serra-Majem, Fernando Arós, Luis Masana, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Xavier Pintó, Alimentació, Nutrició, Creixement i Salut Mental, Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Medicina i Cirurgia, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Health Promotion ,0002-9165 ,Lower risk ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Sistema cardiovascular malalties ,Bioquímica i biotecnologia ,Gastroenterology ,Dieta mediterrània ,Nutrition Policy ,Cohort Studies ,Patient Education as Topic ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Mortalitat ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Mortality ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Bioquímica y tecnología ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Diet, Sodium-Restricted ,Middle Aged ,Surgery ,Biochemistry and technology ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Spain ,Relative risk ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,business ,Cohort study ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background: Excess sodium intake is associated with high blood pressure, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is unknown whether decreasing sodium intake to ,2300 mg/d has an effect on CVD or all-cause mortality. Objective: The objective was to assess whether reductions in sodium intake to ,2300 mg/d were associated with either an increased or a decreased risk of fatal and nonfatal CVD and all-cause mortality. Design: This observational prospective study of the PREvencicon DIeta MEDiterr� (PREDIMED) trial included 3982 participants at high CVD risk. Sodium intake was evaluated with a validated food- frequency questionnaire and categorized as low (,1500 mg/d), in- termediate ($1500 to #2300 mg/d), high (.2300 to #3400 mg/d), or very high (.3400 mg/d). Subsequently, 1-y and 3-y changes in sodium intake were calculated. Multivariate relative risks were as- sessed by using Cox proportional hazards ratios. Marginal structural models with inverse probability weighting were used to test the effect of changes in sodium intake and the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). Results: We documented 125 CVD events and 131 deaths after a 4.8-y median follow-up. Sodium intake ,2300 mg/d was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality: 48% (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.91; P = 0.02) and 49% (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.98; P = 0.04) after 1 and 3 y, respectively. Increasing sodium intake after 1 y was associated with a 72% (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.91; P = 0.04) higher risk of CVD events. The incidence rate of CVD was reduced for those who reduced their sodium intake and were randomly assigned to MedDiet interven- tions (4.1/10,000 (95% CI: 3.1, 8.0) compared with 4.4/10,000 (95% CI: 2.7, 12.4) person-years; P =0 .002). Conclusions: Decreasing sodium intake to ,2300 mg/d was asso- ciated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, whereas increasing the intake to .2300 mg/d was associated with a higher risk of CVD. Our observational data suggest that sodium intake ,2300 mg/d was associated with an enhanced beneficial effect of the MedDiet on CVD. These results should be interpreted with caution, and other confirma- tory studies are necessary. This study was registered at controlled-trials. com as 35739639. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101:440-8.
768. Effects of the Ser326Cys Polymorphism in the DNA Repair OGG1 Gene on Cancer, Cardiovascular, and All-Cause Mortality in the PREDIMED Study: Modulation by Diet
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José V. Sorlí, Dolores Corella, Montserrat Cofán, Fernando Arós, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Montserrat Fitó, Josep Basora, Ramon Estruch, Guillermo T. Sáez, Xavier Pintó, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Olga Castañer, Franscisco J. Garcia-Corte, Miquel Fiol, Lluis Serra-Majem, Judith B. Ramírez-Sabio, Estefanía Toledo, Emilio Ros, Oscar Coltell, Jose M. Ordovas, and Universitat de Barcelona
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,vegetables ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,DNA Repair ,Genotype ,Population ,Disease ,Diet, Mediterranean ,law.invention ,DNA Glycosylases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Cause of Death ,Neoplasms ,Vegetables ,Mortalitat ,Medicine ,Humans ,Mortality ,education ,Càncer ,nutrigenetics ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Cancer ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,cardiovascular ,Hazard ratio ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Diet ,030104 developmental biology ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,Dieta ,business ,Cancer Etiology ,Food Science - Abstract
Background Oxidatively induced DNA damage, an important factor in cancer etiology, is repaired by oxyguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1). The lower repair capacity genotype (homozygote Cys326Cys) in the OGG1-rs1052133 (Ser326Cys) polymorphism has been associated with cancer risk. However, no information is available in relation to cancer mortality, other causes of death, and modulation by diet. Objective Our aim was to evaluate the association of the OGG1-rs1052133 with total, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and to analyze its modulation by the Mediterranean diet, focusing especially on total vegetable intake as one of the main characteristics of this diet. Design Secondary analysis in the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial is a randomized, controlled trial conducted in Spain from 2003 to 2010. Participants/setting Study participants (n=7,170) were at high risk for CVD and were aged 55 to 80 years. Intervention Participants were randomly allocated to two groups with a Mediterranean diet intervention or a control diet. Vegetable intake was measured at baseline. Main outcome measures Main outcomes were all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality after a median follow-up of 4.8 years. Statistical analyses Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted. Results Three hundred eighteen deaths were detected (cancer, n=127; CVD, n=81; and other, n=110). Cys326Cys individuals (prevalence 4.2%) presented higher total mortality rates than Ser326-carriers (P=0.009). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for Cys326Cys vs Ser326-carriers was 1.69 (95% CI 1.09 to 2.62; P=0.018). This association was greater for CVD mortality (P=0.001). No relationship was detected for cancer mortality in the whole population (hazard ratio 1.07; 95% CI 0.47 to 2.45; P=0.867), but a significant age interaction (P=0.048) was observed, as Cys326Cys was associated with cancer mortality in participants
769. Franco-Flemish Polyphony versus Palestrina in Spanish choirbooks with Renaissance repertory and the Case of Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya, M. 682: Towards a Revised Census-Catalogue
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EMILIO ROS-FÁBREGAS
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Renaissance polyphony ,Biblioteca de Catalunya ,Manuscripts ,Spanish Choirbooks - Abstract
This paper aims to provide a very broad view of the presence of non-Iberian polyphony in manuscript sources found in Spain, taking as points of reference choirbooks compiled from the fifteenth- through the eighteenth centuries and a few specific examples such as Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya, M.682 (E-Be M.682). This approach inmediately brings to the fore many polyphonic choirbooks that have not received the attention they deserve sirnply because they fall outside the traditional periodization of the Renaissance, but whose use in some instances can be documented until the twentieth century. Moreover, a broad perspective (and to a certain extent even a superficial one at this early stage of the project «Libros de polifonía hispana» mentioned above) may help us to pose different questions about the transmission and performance practices of polyphony in the Iberian world in cornparison with the rest of Europe over a longue durée., This paper is part of the R+D Project (2013-2016) «Libros de polifonía hispana (1450-1650): catálogo sistemático y contexto histórico-cultural» [HAR 2012-33604] of the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.
770. A Jesuit Ceremony of Spiritual Exercises with Music in the Seventeenth Century: Devotional connections between Perpignan, Barcelona, Madrid, Granada and Archbishop Palafox
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EMILIO ROS-FÁBREGAS and Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España)
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Barcelona ,Granada ,Spiritual Exercices with Music ,Madrid ,Seventeenth Century ,Jesuit Ceremony ,Perpignan ,Archibishop Palafox - Abstract
This publication is part of the results of the R&D project 'Hispanic Polyphony and Music of Oral Tradition in the Age of Digital Humanities (HAR2016-75371-P, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, 2016-2020), ascribed to the Institució Milà i Fontanals -CSIC. PIs Emilio Ros-Fábregas and María Gembero-Ustárroz.
771. Lipomatosis of the pancreas: an unusual cause of massive steatorrhea
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Salvador Navarro, Josep Llach, Carmen Ayuso, RM Perez-Ayuso, M Lozano, Emilio Ros, and M C Guevara
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Lipomatosis ,Gastroenterology ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Steatorrhea ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Celiac Disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Abdomen ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Pancreas ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Fat replacement of the exocrine pancreas is a rare cause of exocrine pancreatic failure. We report two adult patients (a 25-year-old woman and a 63-year-old man) with weight loss and massive steatorrhea in whom abdominal computed tomograms were diagnostic of pancreatic lipomatosis. In both patients, oral pancreatic enzyme replacement in association with cimetidine led to a marked reduction of steatorrhea and weight gain. Pancreatic lipomatosis should be suspected in cases of severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in the absence of abdominal pain and diabetes. Computed tomogram scanning should lead to an increasing detection rate of this unusual condition.
772. Subject Index, Vol. 30, 1984
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C.F. Darby, A. Borgström, J.C. Hall, C. Lindström, O. Kuntzen, M.S. Meyer, Daniel Hollander, F. Cassani, T.E. Adrian, M. Vecchi, W. Cichy, C. Arvanitakis, I. Doutsos, P.G. Lankisch, A. Nikopoulos, J.C. Yeats, K. Darcy, Jiro Imanishi, I.R. Morris, Motoharu Kondo, Hamid M. Said, A. Pfeiffer, S.R. Bloom, M.J. Whiting, U. Volta, I. Taylor, José Vilar Bonet, P. Hammond, M. Bohe, R. Alon, S. Edelstein, J.M. Allen, Antonio M. García Pugés, M. Primignani, E. Giannoulis, N.A. Wright, R.A. Goodlad, F.B. Bianchi, J. Lohse, M.L. Fitzpatrick, Tsunataro Kishida, M. Lenzi, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, S. Shibolet, José M. Piqué, A. Tourkantonis, E. Pisi, R. Arnold, B.M. Bradley, D. Agape, J.McK. Watts, N. Amerilio, K. Ohlsson, W. Creutzfeldt, Emilio Ros, Naoyuki Matsumura, Rosa Aused, R. De Franchis, and Salvador Navarro
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Index (economics) ,Statistics ,Gastroenterology ,Subject (documents) ,Mathematics - Published
- 1984
773. Preclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a population with low incidence of myocardial infarction: cross sectional autopsy study.
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Antonia, Bertomeu, Olga, Garca-Vidal, Xavier, Farr, Albert, Galobart, Manuel, Vzquez, Carlos, Laguna Juan, and Emilio, Ros
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- 2003
774. ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE EL ÍNDICE GLUCÉMICO O LA CARGA GLUCÉMICA Y EL GROSOR DE LA ÍNTIMA MEDIA EN PACIENTES CON ALTO RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR: ANÁLISIS DE UNA SUBMUESTRA DEL ENSAYO PREDIMED.
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Goñi Ruiz, Nuria, Martínez González, Miguel Ángel, Salas Salvadó, Jordi, Buil Cosiales, Pilar, Díez Espino, Javier, Martínez Vila, Eduardo, Irimia Sierra, Pablo, Rahola, Emilio Ros, Toledo Atucha, Estefanía, Diez Espino, Javier, Martinez Vila, Eduardo, Ros Rahola, Emilio, and Toledo Atucha, Estefania
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ATHEROSCLEROSIS , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *GLYCEMIC index , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SURVEYS , *MEDITERRANEAN diet , *CAROTID intima-media thickness - Abstract
Background: increased carotid íntima-media thickness (IMT) is a marker of atherosclerosis and a predictor of future cardiovascular events. Although a beneficial effect of Mediterranean diets, in particular, enhanced with virgin olive oil and nuts, on longitudinal changes in IMT has been reported, the association between carbohydrates and the development of atherosclerosis is still unclear.Objective: to assess the association between glycemic index (IG) and glycemic load (CG) of the diet and intima media thickness (GIMC) in a population at high cardiovascular risk with no clinical symptoms.Methods: one hundred eighty seven participants of the PREDIMED-NAVARRA center (PREDIMED means in Spanish "PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea") were randomly selected to undergo baseline and 1-year measurement of GIMC. Dietary information was collected at baseline and yearly using a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire. Participants were categorized into four groups of energy-adjusted IG and CG intake. Multivariate analysis models (ANCOVA) were used to study the association between dietary IG and CG and GIMC and its changes.Results: in our study we found no significant association between IG or CG and GIMC at baseline or after one year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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