Search

This work is focussed on vibration control and energy harvesting using embedded piezoelectric elements. Several nonlinear processing of the piezoelectric voltage are studied and developed. These techniques result in a drastic enhancement of the conversion capabilities of the piezoelectric material.Vibration control techniques are generally described as active or passive. The passive techniques consist in connecting the piezoelectric elements to a passive electrical network. The active techniques require a bulky system built with at least a sensor, a control unit and a feedback actuator. In addition, external power sources and amplifier are needed for the control unit and the actuators. The studied nonlinear techniques, called SSD for “Synchronized Switch Damping” are described as semi-passive, because they don't require any external supply but perform a smart processing of the piezovoltage. These techniques are more effective and adaptable than the passive techniques. Moreover, they are easier to integrate than active techniques and exhibit comparable performances. A new approach to analyze the energy flow in a structure damped with theses nonlinear techniques is given, and several enhancements of these techniques are proposed. A new control law for complex signals and structures is notably described.The SSD techniques have been extented to energy harvesting. The proliferation of transducers and sensors integrated in many systems indeed raises the problem of wires installation for power supplies and data transmission. This explains the growing interest in miniature electrical generators enabling to power, for instance, a wireless transducer and a small infrared or radio data transmitter. For a low consumption system placed on a vibrating structure, the extraction of electrical energy using an embedded piezoelectric device is particularly well adapted to create an autonomous electrical power supply. The energy harvesting techniques derived from the SSD approach lead to outstanding piezoelectric micro-generators, which allow to consider new self-powered devices with higher power supply requirements. It was shown that the extracted power can be multiplied by 10 compared to classical energy harvesting techniques, depending on the electromechanical structure and the mechanical excitation.; Ce travail concerne l'étude de techniques non linéaires ayant pour effet d'augmenter considérablement l'effet de conversion électromécanique des matériaux piézoélectriques. Les potentialités de ces techniques sont étudiées dans le cas de l'amortissement vibratoire et de la récupération d'énergie.On distingue généralement deux types de contrôle vibratoire à l'aide d'éléments piézoélectriques : les techniques passives, qui consistent à connecter un réseau électrique passif aux éléments piézoélectriques et les techniques actives qui utilisent un calculateur associé à une source d'énergie électrique. Les techniques non linéaires étudiées, appelées SSD pour « Synchronized Switch Damping », sont qualifiées de semi passives car elles ne nécessitent pas de source d'énergie externe mais effectuent cependant un traitement intelligent de la tension. Ces techniques sont beaucoup plus efficaces et adaptables que les techniques passives. Elles sont, en outre, beaucoup plus facile à implémenter que les techniques actives et présentent des performances comparables. Les travaux réalisés proposent une nouvelle approche pour appréhender les techniques SSD, ainsi que plusieurs développement de ces techniques, notamment en proposant une loi de contrôle permettant d'optimiser l'amortissement dans le cas de structures et de signaux complexes.Les techniques d'amortissement vibratoire SSD ont été adaptées à la récupération d'énergie. Il s'agit de convertir l'énergie vibratoire en énergie électrique afin de constituer des micro-générateurs d'une puissance comprise entre quelques μW et quelques centaines de mW. Ces générateurs répondent à un besoin croissant lié à la prolifération des capteurs, micro-actionneurs et autres dispositifs électroniques embarqués. Les techniques développées permettent d'accroître drastiquement les performances de ce type de micro-générateurs, ce qui permet de diminuer la quantité de matériau piézoélectrique nécessaire et d'envisager des applications nouvelles nécessitant plus d'énergie. Suivant les structures et le type de sollicitation, le gain apporté par les techniques non linéaires sur la puissance utile des micro-générateurs est plus ou moins important, et peut atteindre un facteur 10 par rapport aux techniques de récupération d'énergie classiques.

This work presents the product object model developed in the context of the EU-funded FP6-IST project named PROduct lifecycle Management and Information tracking using Smart Embedded systems (PROMISE), aiming at the closure of the whole set of information loops throughout the product lifecycle. The ultimate goals of the project are indeed to integrate product data from the entire lifecycle via different sources, to support comprehensive analysis on this data and to enhance by this the enterprise operational businesses. To achieve these goals, a set of hardware and software tools were developed. This paper presents the conceptual model behind one of the software components of this infrastructure, called the Product Data and Knowledge Management (PDKM) system, which is responsible for the integration and management of both product data and knowledge from all lifecycle phases, on a logically consistent basis. The same model also became the foundation for the proposal of a closed loop PLM standard.

The paper discusses increasing demands on product architecture and the resulting requirements and implications for organizational structure. Due to the rising conditions, the product architecture is increasingly developing into a complex construct in which transparency must be increased to continue developing products effectively. The approach of this paper is, based on the method of Design for Variety, a matrix-based modularization with the DSM and its extension to a cross-discipline multi-domain matrix to establish a reference to the organizational structure and to align it in a value-added way to good product architecture. This is done by an exemplary Investigation of the product family generation of a vacuum robot.

Target tracking has a wide range of applications in Internet of Things (IoT), such as smart city sensors, indoor tracking, and gesture recognition. Several studies have been conducted in this area. Most of the published works either use vision sensors or inertial sensors for motion analysis and gesture recognition [1, 2]. Recent works use a combination of depth sensors and inertial sensors for 3D ranging and tracking [3, 4]. This often requires complex hardware and the use of complex embedded algorithms. Stereo cameras or Kinect depth sensors used for high precision ranging are instead expensive and not easy to use. The aim of this work is to track in 3D a hand fitted with a series of precisely positioned IR LEDs using a novel Lensless Smart Sensor (LSS) developed by Rambus, Inc. [5, 6]. In the adopted device, the lens used in conventional cameras is replaced by low-cost ultra-miniaturized diffraction optics attached directly to the image sensor array. The unique diffraction pattern enables more precise position tracking than possible with a lens by capturing more information about the scene.

We provide an introduction to ETEM-SG, a robust linear programming approach specifically designed for regional energy systems analysis. This model can be used to provide prospective analyses of the long-term (30 years and more) evolution of multi-energy regional energy systems in their transition to sustainability. The model assumes that this transition will occur in a smart city environment. It takes into consideration the constraints associated with intermittent and volatile renewable energy sources connected at the transmission and distribution networks. It also takes into account the opportunity to optimize grid friendly flexible loads and distributed energy resources encountered in modern power systems. A case study of a European regional energy system shows how our approach can quantify the ability of flexible loads and distributed energy resources to facilitate and foster the penetration of variable renewable energy sources, like solar and wind.

The future smart systems are envisaged to continue shrinking in size and weight, while integrating more features and functionalities, leading to significant increase in power density and efficiency requirements. In addition, devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers require a large reduction in electronic component height. While SMT chip power inductors may have thicknesses as low as 0.6mm; thin film power inductors offer an incremental height of ~50μm. This paper introduces an ultra-low loss integrated magnetics platform for the next generation power systems on-chip (PwrSoC) and in-package (PwrSiP) applications. The integrated magnetics-on-silicon inductors and transformers have been designed, fabricated using conventional CMOS fabrication processes, and characterized, demonstrating industry leading performance metrics.

Message from the editors, This Summer School on Cyber-Physical Systems and Internet of Things (SS-CPS&IoT’2021) is continuation of very successful 1st School from 2019. Unfortunately, last year, 2020, we were not able to organize the School because of Covid-19 pandemic. This year we adapted to the situation and managed the event on two tracks, remotely and on site. SS-CPS&IoT’2021 aims at serving the following main purposes: -advanced training of industrial and academic researchers, developers, engineers and decision-makers; academic teachers, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students; entrepreneurs, investors, research funding agents, and policy makers; and other participants who want to learn about CPS and IoT engineering; -dissemination, exchange and discussion of advanced knowledge and project results from numerous European R&D projects in CPS and IoT; -promotion and facilitation of international contacts and collaboration among people working or interested in the CPS and IoT area. The School is open to everybody, but previous knowledge or equivalent practical experience at least at the Bachelor level in engineering (e.g. system, computer, electronic, electrical, automotive, aviation, mechanical, or industrial engineering), computer science, informatics, applied physics or similar is recommended. Industry participation is encouraged. SSCPS&IoT’2021 is not only to follow courses and learn new knowledge on Embedded Systems, CPS and IoT from top professionals, but to meet people, interact and discuss with outstanding researchers, developers, academic lecturers, advanced students, and other participants, collaborate or start collaborations, and meet many talented people who may become employees of your companies as well. Distinguishing features of this advanced traditional Summer School are that its lectures, demonstrations, and practical hands-on sessions are given by top European and Worldwide specialists in particular CPS and IoT fields from industry and academia, delivering very fresh advanced knowledge. They are based on results from numerous currently running or recently finished European R&D projects in CPS and IoT, what gives an excellent opportunity to get acquainted with issues and challenges of CPS and IoT development; actual industrial problems, designs and case studies; and new concepts, advanced knowledge and modern design methods and tools created in the European R&D projects. This year, we had the honor to invite guest lecturer outside Europe, from Huawei, multinational company, leading global provider of information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure and smart devices. Part of the students and lecturers came from the H2020 project SMART4ALL, “Self-sustained customized cyber physical system experiments for capacity building among European stakeholders”, so it can be said that it was a Joint School of our community with this significant project. SS-CPS&IoT’2021 is collocated with CPSIoT’2021, 9th International Conference on CyberPhysical Systems and Internet-of-Things and 10th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing. The Summer School participants were encouraged to submit their papers to CPSIoT’2021 and MECO’2021, and thus gain additional experience of presenting work in one of the TOP conference in computing. The CPS&IoT’2021 Summer School Program is composed of four days of lectures, demonstrations, practical hands-on sessions, and discussions, as well as free participation in MECO’2021 and CPSIoT’2021 sessions. The topics of the lectures, demonstrations, and practical hands-on sessions cover major CPS applications (focusing on modern mobile applications that require high-performance or low energy consumption, as well as, high reliability, security and safety), computing technology for modern CPS, CPS architectures, development problems and solutions, as well as, design methodologies and design tools for all CPS design phases. In line with the technological challenges caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, part of the lecture was focused on fighting this disaster by using CPSs. There were also lectures from precision agriculture, in fact, Smart Anything Everywhere. Detailed list of the SS-CPS&IoT’2021 presentations including the names of their authors and presenters is provided in the Schedule of the School. Venue of SS-CPS&IoT’2021 was Hotel Budva*****, Budva, Montenegro. Budva is a 3500 years old town located at the Adriatic Sea coast of Montenegro. It is a popular touristic destination, with its charming Old Town, beautiful natural environment, 35 clean sandy beaches, and proximity to many famous touristic attractions as Kotor, Boka Kotorska, Sveti Stefan, Dubrovnik, and several national parks. It is an excellent place to have a summer school in a relaxed and friendly atmosphere. What were the brief data about this year Summer School? We had 70 lecturers and students, coming from over 20 countries around the world. We worked for four days in a 32-hour capacity, that is equivalent to an academic workload of 3 ECTS credits. The Chairmen of the SS-CPS&IoT’2021 express their thanks to all authors and presenters, as well as, to all other people who contributed to the success of the Summer School. We are especially proud on 2nd generation of students who successfully finished School and showed an enviable level of knowledge and interest. We are very grateful to Professor Budimur Lutovac, Publication Chair of CPSIoT’2021 and MECO’2021 helping us to compose these Proceedings, which represents only part of the results carried out by SS-CPSIoT’2021. The Proceedings is given here in form of open access document. We hope to see you again next year, mostly on the spot, in good health and mood. Yours, Lech Jóźwiak Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Radovan Stojanović University of Montenegro and MECOnet, Montenegro Contributors: Ioannis Pitas, Mario Kovac, Nicola Capodieci, Benoît Dupont de Dinechin, Danilo P. Mandic, Kim Guldstrand Larsen, Marius Mikucionis, Radu Grosu, Alberto Marchisio, Muhammad Abdullah Hanif, Muhammad Shafique, Daniel Madronal, Francesco Ratto, Giacomo Valente, Hui Cao, Eugenio Villar, Abdelhakim Baouya, Salim Chehida, Aris Lalos, Christos Koulamas, Dimitrios Serpanos, Alberto Cardoso, António Dourado, Jorge Henriques, Paulo Gil, Christoph Schmittner, Zoran Utkovski, Slawomir Stanczak &nbsp

Whether for work or leisure, we see a large number of people traveling by train every day. In order to ensure the comfort and safety of passengers, it must be checked whether the composition is working normally. For this purpose, a constant monitoring of a train must be done, followed by a diagnosis of the com-position, prediction of failures and production of alarms in the event of any anomaly. To perform monitoring on a train, it is necessary to collect data from sensors distributed along its carriages and send them to a software system that performs the diagnosis of the composition in a fast and efficient way. The description of the activities necessary for monitoring of a train imme-diately refers to topics such as distributed systems, since the intended system will have to integrate several sensors distributed along the train, or Smart Systems, since each sensor must have the capacity to not only acquire data, but also trans-mit it, preferably, wirelessly. However, there are some obstacles to the implementation of such a system. Firstly, the existence of sources of distortions and noise in the medium interferes both in the acquisition and transmission of data and secondly the fact that the sensors distributed along the train are not prepared to be connected directly to a software system. This dissertation seeks to find a solution for the problems described by im-plementing a data acquisition system that is distributed and takes advantage of the current technologies of low-cost sensor nodes as well as web technologies for sensor networks.

The concept, objectives and work proposed by the Guardian Angels for Smarter Life FET Flagship Pilot are designed to result in visionary, science driven, goal-oriented, large-scale, multidisciplinary research flagship proposal, nucleated from ICT future and emerging technologies. Guardian Angels are defined as zero-power intelligent autonomous systems-of-systems featuring sensing, computation and communication and being powered by advanced energy harvesters. In this paper we describe the zero-power technological platform as an enabler of such autonomous smart systems, the related scientific and technical challenges, their possible applications and the societal impact. (C) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of FET11 conference organizers and published by Elsevier B.V.