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In order to reduce the operation times of pesticide, avoid damage to natural enemies and release human labor, a series of seed treatment methods was conducted. Safety for germination and emergence were determined in lab with rice seeds dressed with chlorantraniliprole. According to field experiments in different cultivation model, the effective period and leaf protection effect were confirmed. The safety on natural enemies and the final residue of seed dressing were determined. The results showed that germination and seedling rate were not influenced when the rice seeds were dressed with 30-120 g(a.i.)/hm2 chlorantraniliprole. When the dressed seeds were used directly in seeding rice filed with the effective concentration 60 g(a.i.)/hm2, the leaf keeping rate was 97.13% in the 110th day. When drily raised rice seedling techniques were used with the concentration of 90 g(a.i.)/hm2, the leaf keeping rate were over 82%. In mechanical transplanting rice seedling model with concentration 90- 120 g/hm2, the leaf keeping rate was over 95%. The control efficiency and effective period of chlorantraniliprole seed treatment were better than that of the leaf spray treatment in three different cultivation modes. It can control the rice leaf roller in the middle and early stages of rice development and reduce the number of pests in the late rice growth. The killing of natural enemies risk in the field were not observed when rice seed was dressed with chlorantraniliprole, and chlorantraniliprole residues in harvested rice was lower than limit of quantity (0.000 8 mg/kg). By using the seed treatment, it was not necessary to prevent and control the rice leaf roller until the heading stage in japonica rice in the hilly area of Jiangsu, and the number of the rice leaf roller in late rice growth was reduced, which make it a simple prevention and control method of the rice leaf roller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Soil water content is an important influence factor on plant growth and nutrient transformation, which is greatly influenced by land use types. [ Method] In order to elucidate the effects of different land use type on surface soil water content in the ecotone of agriculture-animal husbandry in the Tibetan plateau, taking the farmland and adjacent grassland in Linzhou County as the research objects, and using soil moisture meter measures soil water content of 0 - 5 cm in the surface layer, the classical statistical methods were used to analyze the statistical characteristics of soil moisture in farmland and grassland, and the geostatistical tools, Semi-variance function and Kriging interpolation were used to analyze the spatial distribution models and characteristics of soil water content. [ Result] ( i) The soil water contents in grassland were significantly higher than that in farmland ( P <0.05 ) , with values of (18.68 % ±4. 7 % ) and (9. 73 % ± 2. 5 % ) , respectively. The soil water contents of farmland and grassland belonged to moderate variation with coefficient of variation values of 26 % and 25 % respectively; ( ii) The soil water content of farmland and grassland respectively met with spherical model, exponential model, and the nugget/sill ratio were 3.68 % and 6.58 % respectively, which both belonged to high degree of spatial dependence. The soil water content of farmland-grassland accorded with the spherical model, the nugget/sill ratio was 34.57 % and had moderate degree of spatial dependence. Farmland and grassland have similar effective range, while farmland-grassland’s effective range is significantly higher than single land use, with values of 9. 43 , 10. 65 and 39. 42 m respectively; (iii) According to the Kriging interpolation maps, the soil water content of farmland and grassland are both higher in the middle part and lower in the boundary part, the overall trend showed reducing from the central to the boundary. [ Conclusion] The results can provide useful information for land appropriate uses and soil water contents prediction in the ecotones of agriculture-animal husbandry of the Tibetan plateau region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the influence of low—lead high — fat diet on liver function and blood lipids in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) , as well as the expression of sterol regulatory element — binding protein — 1 c ( SREBP — 1 c) , fatty acid synthase (FAS) , and acetyl —CoA carboxylase a (ACCα) in the liver from the aspect of the fatly acid synthesis pathway. Methods A total of 40 clean male Sprague - Dawley rats were given adaptive feeding for 14 days and wrere then randomly divided into normal group, low — lead exposure group, high - fat diet group, and low - lead high — fat diet group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks of feeding with the corresponding diet, and serum and liver samples were collected to measure blood lead, liver function, blood lipids, and liver pathology. Western blot and RT — PCR were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of SREBP — le, FAS, and ACCα involved in fatty acid synthesis. A one - way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t - lest was used for further comparison between two groups. Results There were marked liver pathological changes after exposure. The sections from the normal group and the low — lead exposure group had a smooth surface and evenly distributed nuclei, without marked adipocyte infiltration or inflammatory response; the sections from the low —lead high —fat diet group and the high—fat diet group had marked fatty infiltration and inflammatory cell infiltration, and those from the low —lead high —fat diet group had larger fat vacuoles. There were significant differences in blood lead and liver lead between groups ( F = 37. 792 and 21.458 , both P <0. 001 ) , and the low - lead exposure group and the low - lead high - fat diet group had significantly higher levels than the normal group ( all P < 0. 05 ) . There were significant differences in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AET), high — density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL — C) , and low — density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL — C) between groups ( F = 35. 791 , 24.422, 37.287, and 42. 371, all P < 0. 001 ) , and the low—lead exposure group, the high - fat diet group, and the low - lead high - fat diet group had significantly higher AST, ALT, LDL — C, and HDL — C than the normal group (all P < 0. 05). Western blot and RT — PGR showed consistent protein and mRNA expression features of SREBP — lc, FAS, and ACCa, and there were significant differences in the protein and mRNA expression of REBP — lc, FAS, and ACCa between groups (protein expression; F =21.864, 22. 358, and 57. 761 , all P < 0. 001 ; mRNA expression; F = 34. 652, 22. 964, and 42. 384, all P <0. 001 ). Compared with the normal group and the low — lead exposure group, the high — fat diet group and the low — lead high — fat diet group had significant increases in the protein and mRNA expression of SREBP — lc, FAS, and ACCα in the liver (all P <0.05). Conclusion Low — lead exposure can aggravate liver function and dyslipidemia in NAFLD rats, possibly by regulating the expression of SREBP — lc, FAS, and ACCα. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为绿色高效制备生物柴油，利用L-天冬氨酸离子液体（\[Asp\]HSO4）联合猪胰脂肪酶催化油酸制备油酸甲酯，采用单因素实验探究了反应时间、醇酸物质的量比、\[Asp\]HSO4用量、猪胰脂肪酶用量和反应温度对转化率的影响，在此基础上，采用正交实验进行优化，得到\[Asp\]HSO4联合猪胰脂肪酶催化油酸酯化反应的最优工艺条件为\[Asp\]HSO4用量6%、醇酸物质的量比5.5∶ 1、猪胰脂肪酶用量4%、反应时间21 h、反应温度45 ℃，在此条件下转化率可达91.91%。\[Asp\]HSO4可降低甲醇和温度对猪胰脂肪酶催化活性的影响，对猪胰脂肪酶催化油酸酯化具有协同效应。 In order to prepare biodiesel greenly and efficiently，L-Aspartic acid ionic liquid (\[Asp\]HSO4) combined with porcine pancreatic lipase was used to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid to prepare methyl oleate. The effects of reaction time, molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid, amount of \[Asp\]HSO4, amount of porcine pancreatic lipase, and the reaction temperature on the conversion rate were investigated by single factor experiment.Then the esterification process conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment as follows: amount of \[Asp\]HSO4 6%, molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid 5.5∶ 1, amount of porcine pancreatic lipase 4%, reaction time 21 h, and reaction temperature 45 ℃. The conversion rate could reach 91.91% under the optimal conditions.\[Asp\]HSO4can reduce the effects of methanol and temperature on the catalytic activity of porcine pancreatic lipase,and has synergistic effect on the esterification of oleic acid catalyzed by porcine pancreatic lipase.

Objective: To explore the protective effect of atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) on the cardiac dysfunction of pressure overload-induced failing hearts of mice and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: C57 mice(male, 6 weeks) were used for induction of HF through pressure overload. Pressure overload was produced by transverse aortic constriction(TAC). After surgery, the mice were randomized to given vehicle or ANP for 4 weeks. An in vitro study was performed on cultured cardiomyocytes subjected to control, H2O2,H2O2+ANP and H2O2+ANP+anantin. Results: Cardiac ejection fraction(EF) was decreased and myocardial remodeling was significant in response to pressure overload, along with mitochondrial fission which was associated with reduced expression of OPA1 in mice. ANP treatment significantly alleviated myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac function as evidenced by increased left ventricular EF.Importantly, ANP treatment upregulated OPA1 expression and restored mitochondrial morphology in TAC mice. In addition, treatment with ANP also increased OPA1 expression in isolated myocytes under oxidative stress. Conclusion: ANPameliorates mitochondrial fragmentation and cardiac dysfunction via upregulation of OPA1 expression in the failing heart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The purpose of the article is to further find the new impetus and key points for precision poverty alleviation in Yunnan Province. 【Method】 Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, 88 common counties(cities or districts) were selected and divided into four contiguous areas for comprehensive analysis and evaluation of Yunnan's precision poverty alleviation. 【Result】 The resources and environment in poor areas were the natural"background"for building beautiful nature. The rural and ethnic minority population in poverty-stricken areas was the"focus point"for accurate poverty alleviation. Poverty areas had‘bright spots' for turning advantages and potential disadvantages into economic Late-developing Advantages. Agriculture and sci-tech were the " points of effort" for accurate poverty alleviation. 【Conclusion】 The results provide a reference for Yunnan's poverty alleviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the significance of liver biopsy and B ultrasonograpgy in the diagnosis of fatty liver. Methods The results of 62 patients with liver steatosis diagnosed by liver puncture biopsy but not by B-ultrasonograpgy were contrastively analyzed and combined with liver function, blood lipids, blood glucose,and body mass index. Results The 62 cases which were not diagnosed as fatty liver by B-ultrasonograpgy were proved to be 5%-33% liver steatosis after liver puncture biopsy. Among the 62 cases, 23 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo did not see abnormalities, 18 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 17 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced and4 cases were diffuse liver damage,which respectively were 37.01%、29.03%、27.42% and 6.45%. Pathologically it indicated that 45 cases were 5% ≤liver steatosis≤19%. Among the 45 cases, 18 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo was not seen abnormalities, 8 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 17 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced, and 2 cases were diffuse liver damage, and the change of ultrasound was mainly showed by the liver parenchyma echo not seen abnormalities and the enhanced liver parenchyma echo density. Pathologically it indicated that 17 cases were 20%≤liver steatosis≤33%, 6 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo did not see abnormalities, 5 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 5 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced, and 1 case was diffuse liver damage, and the change of ultrasound was mainly showed by the liver parenchyma echo not seen abnormalities, the slightly enlarged liver parenchyma echo and the enhanced liver parenchyma echo density. By analyzing the influence to the ultrasound changes by patients’ liver function, body mass index, blood fat and blood sugar, and with logistic regression analysis through a disorderly classification, it was found that the larger value of the glutamine transferase, alkaline phosphatase,body mass index, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, the higher possibility of diffuse liver damage, and the higher level of fatty degeneration, the higher possibility of diffuse liver damage. Conclusion In the diagnosis of fatty liver, when the fatty degeneration is below 1/3, B-ultrasonic examination can’t show characteristic changes of fatty liver. It should be closely observed or take liver puncture biopsy to make a definite diagnosis of fatty liver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了开发环境友好型高效催化剂催化油酸酯化制备生物柴油，以L-谷氨酸与不同无机酸（硫酸、硝酸和磷酸）为原料合成了3种离子液体，对这3种离子液体催化油酸酯化反应制备油酸甲酯的酯化率进行了考察，筛选出催化效率较优的一种离子液体，对其进行傅里叶红外光谱表征，并进一步采用响应面法对其催化油酸酯化反应的工艺参数进行优化。结果表明：在3种离子液体中\[L-Glu\]HSO4的催化效率最高；\[L-Glu\]HSO4催化油酸酯化的最佳反应条件为离子液体用量15%、醇酸摩尔比11∶ 1、反应温度70 ℃、反应时间12 h，在此条件下酯化率为97.02%。因此，所合成的\[L-Glu\]HSO4可以高效催化油酸酯化制备生物柴油。 In order to develop environmentally friendly and efficient catalysts to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid for the preparation of biodiesel, three ionic liquids were synthesized from L-glutamic acid and different inorganic acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid and phosphoric acid), and the esterification rates of these three ionic liquids for the catalytic esterification reaction of oleic acid to prepare methyl oleate were investigated, and one ionic liquid with better catalytic efficiency was selected and characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and the process parameters of the catalytic oleic acid esterification reaction were further optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the catalytic efficiency of \[L-Glu\]HSO4 was the highest among the three ionic liquids, and the best reaction conditions for the catalytic esterification of oleic acid by \[L-Glu\]HSO4 were as follows: ionic liquid dosage 15%, molar ratio of alcohol to acid 11∶ 1, reaction temperature 70 ℃, and reaction time 12 h. The esterification rate was 97.02% under the best conditions. Therefore, the synthesized \[L-Glu\]HSO4 can efficiently catalyze the esterification of oleic acid to prepare biodiesel.

This paper summarized the changes in materials, range of application, indwelling time, catheterization methods and complications of midline catheter, in order to carry out homogenized nursing according to the guidelines, reduce the occurrence of complication of midline catheter and ensure the safety of infusion for patients. (本文概述中线导管(MC)的材质变化、适用范围、留置时间、置管方式及并发症的情况, 以期以指南为标准开展同质化护理, 减少中线导管并发症发生风险, 保障患者输液安全。)

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱方法(HG-AFS)研究了舟山岛海域沉积物和生物样中砷的质量分数并进行了评价，结果如下：1.建立方法的线性方程为，If(As) = 6.166 9 C—1.064 9，方法的检出限为0.2 ng/mL，该法测定两种标准样品的偏差分剐为—6.6%和0.2%.2.沉积物和生物体中均检测到一定量的砷，沉积物中砷质量分数为：12.33~16.49 µg/g，生物样中质量分数为：1.31~17.25 µg/g.参考海洋沉积物和生物质量标准，前者属于一类沉积物，后者属于二类海洋生物；参考FAO/WHO建议的每日摄入总量，适当食用此类海洋生物是安全的.