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Unrecognized flexion injuries of the cervical spine may lead to late instability and neurologic damage. These hidden flexion injuries may be from acute or chronic traumatic episodes. Cervical spine instability was seen in an amateur high jumper as a result of chronic repet itive flexion loading of her cervical spine due to incorrect landing technique. The instability from these types of flexion injuries is generally unrecognized on a routine lateral radiograph. The presence of slight anterior sub luxation, simple compression fractures, or subtle ky photic angulation at one cervical level should alert the physician to this diagnosis. Flexion extension views are useful to demonstrate this instability. Occupations and sports which involve repetitive flexion stress to the cervical spine are at risk for this type of late instability. Therefore, in high jumping careful attention to safe techniques of landing is of utmost importance.

A jumper's knee is an overload lesion of patellar or quadriceps tendon near its insertion at the lower or upper pole of the patella. If conservative treatment fails, an operation can be performed in Phase 3 where disabling symptoms, are present. The necrotic tissue in the patellar tendon is excised. The early results of this surgery are encouraging.

In brief: Overuse injuries of the knee are becoming more common because there are more runners and they are running more often and farther. The authors describe the different kinds of overuse injuries of the knee, including iliotibial band syndrome, popliteal tendinitis, jumper's knee, and others. They also describe treatment for 329 patients with knee injuries over an 11-month period.

AS WE KNOW, in the history of high jumping there have been three accepted forms: the Eastern Roll, the Western Roll, and the Fosbury Flop (the last of which has erroneously been labelled Stonesian). Of the three, the first has had limited success at higher heights and the last has been con sidered, and rightly so as we shall see, a Gogolian manifestation of the se cond, which, over the years, has been considered the traditional method of Parabasis, (here, of course, Parabasis being an extension if you will of the art of High Jumping). The key factors in any type of Parabasis are (1) spring (which accounts for approximately 90% of the height obtained) and (2) layout or rotation over the bar. Likewise, the interrelationship between spring and rotation is intimately connected with take-off and take-off approach. Obviously, the running approach to the bar is the approach of choice since it improves vertical lift and provides optimum horizontal motion for clearance. The basic technique for Parabasis is simple: a jumper projects himself into the air by moving his legs in such a fashion that he exerts a force against the ground larger than that supporting his weight; the reaction to this additional force propels him upward. Good high jumpers employ forceful, fast, and long take-off thrusts which translate into effective lift and

A method is presented for the three-dimensional analysis of ski jumping using two pan and tilt cameras. In each film frame two reference markers are digitized and identified so that a pseudo focal length and three angles defining camera orientation can be calculated from a knowledge of the positions of camera and markers. In each film frame 12 body landmarks are digitized and the films taken by the two cameras are synchronized using the digitized displacement data. The time histories of the center of mass location and 15 angles describing the orientation and configuration of the jumper are calculated. Digitization errors lead to an error of 0.05 m in center of mass location and an error of 1° in orientation angles.

This paper describes a straightforward building method of initializing internal and external network system bus voltage and power injection operating levels for subsequent steady-state system security evaluation of planned and unplanned network contingency outages. Outages are of the line, tie-line, generator, or load loss type. The program can handle the opening of bus tie or jumper connections and the isolation of a bus or string of buses from the main part of the network. The routine's main advantage is the automatic redistribution and makeup of tie-line P (MW) and Q (Mvar) flows from the external network. This algorithm has been implemented on the Iowa Illinois Gas and Electric Company (IIGE it is now under test and evaluation, and preliminary results are most favorable.

Phase-to-phase flashover characteristics needed for insulation design of UHV transmission lines, such as between 8-conductor to 8-conductors configuration and between the jumper line to the lower shield ring were investigated. The results include: (1) Effect of wave front duration of applied voltage. (2) Effect of positive-to-negative voltage ratio. (?m) (3) Effect of time difference between wave peaks of positive and negative voltages. (4) Gap distance characteristics of flashover voltage.

Twenty-five patients, aged between 15 and 45 years old, who were athletically active, presented with jump er's knee (patellar tendinitis). By use of ultrasono graphic examination, new and precise information was obtained that benefited the diagnosis, choice of treat ment, and monitoring of the evolution of jumper's knee in our patients. In 18 of the 25 patients, only 1 knee was affected; in 7 of the patients, both knees were affected, thus making a total of 32 painful tendons. These 25 patients were compared with a control group of 15 healthy, athletically active subjects between the ages of 25 and 35 years old. In all of the 32 painful tendons, ultrasonographic anomalies were observed: thickening or swelling of the tendon (15 knees) appeared in acute cases; a hetero geneous structure of the tendon (24 knees); and thick ening and irregularities of the tendinous envelope (8 knees). The 15 acute patients all responded to classic con servative treatment including physical therapy and elec trotherapy. Four of the remaining 10 patients were treated successfully with various conservative treat ments, including deep transverse friction massage with ice. The other six patients were treated surgically, with tenolysis and "carding" of the patellar tendon. In one patient, this procedure failed, and 12 months later a second operation was performed, in which the distal pole of the patella was resected and the patellar tendon reinserted into bone. Recovery was uneventful. Now, at least 2 years after treatment, all of the patients consider themselves healed.

The 3-dimensional position and velocity information provided by GPS makes it particularly interesting for vehicles that do not maintain a constant altitude, such as airplanes and helicopters. Much has been published about aircraft as platforms for GPS receivers. There is a type of “vehicle” for which altitude is the most important dimension—the parachute jumper. Whether in freefall or flying under a parachute canopy, the skydiver is powered by gravity. Position, velocity, and acceleration in the vertical dimension are of vital importance. Altitude lost can never be regained, making it the primary resource to be managed. Until recently, however, GPS receivers have been too bulky, heavy, and power-hungry to be carried safely by a skydiver. This paper presents the experiences and results of two series of tests in which portable GPS receivers were carried by a freefall parachutist. Position and velocity solutions were recorded during the jumps for later playback and analysis.

The equations of motion governing the inrun and free-flight phases of a ski-jump have been set down. These equations have been used as the basis for a numerical scheme from which the in-flight trajectory and jump length have been calculated. The influence of such factors as the friction between the skis and snow, the jump technique at take-off, the angle of incidence of the airborne jumper and variations in air density have been investigated. Jump lengths consistent with those measured on the 90 m Sapporo ski-slope have been computed. Deductions are made concerning critical aspects of ski-jump technique.

A model has been developed to determine the optimal distance between the official take-off line in the long-jump competition, and the arbitrary line that a jumper should select for himself and aim at for his take-offs in order to maximize the probability of scoring at least a given distance in the competition. The model has been solved numerically and upheld by simulation for a set of experimental data, for which the optimal location of the aimed at take-off line was determined as a function of the desired scored distance. It has been found that when the jumper aims at scoring at least a distance which is much below or much above his average jumping ability, it is imperative to use the corresponding optimal aimed at take-offline, and to avoid the use of the aimed at take-off line that maximizes the expected scored distance in the competition.

This paper presents a planar, four-segment, dynamic model for the flight mechanics of a ski jumper. The model consists of skis, legs, torso and head, and arms. Inputs include net joint torques that are used to vary the relative body configurations of the jumper during flight. The model also relies on aerodynamic data from previous wind tunnel tests that incorporate the effects of varying body configuration and orientation on lift, drag, and pitching moment. A symbolic manipulation program, “Macsyma,” is used to derive the equations of motion automatically. Experimental body segment orientation data during the flight phase are presented for three ski jumpers which show how jumpers of varying ability differ in flight and demonstrate the need for a more complex analytical model than that previously presented in the literature. Simulations are presented that qualitatively match the measured trajectory for a good jumper. The model can be used as a basis for the study of optimal jumper behavior in flight which maximizes jump distance.

This study was undertaken to determine which of several alternative air pollution abatement systems affords the most economical solution to the control of atmospheric emissions during the charging of coal into by-product coke ovens. The study was limited to the consideration of existing by-product batteries, and the assumption was made that no coking plant has the alternative to do nothing nor will the plant choose to delay abatement through legal procedures. The data indicate that a jumper pipe installation with a new larry car provides the most economical control.

In brief: We studied 407 volleyball players to investigate the factors that cause patellar or quadriceps tendinitis (jumper's knee). Athletes from 30 teams in various divisions of the Italian Volleyball Federation championship were interviewed personally or by questionnaire. Factors investigated included age and sex, years of play, frequency of training sessions and games, type of playing surface, and type of training. The results showed that symptoms occurred most often among athletes playing five times a week or more and among those playing on hard surfaces, such as cement. Age, sex, years of play, and type of training were less significant factors.

Jumper's knee (patellar or quadriceps tendon tendon itis) is found in a high number of athletes, especially in volleyball and basketball players. Conservative treatment (rest, stretching, physical therapy and an tiinflammatory drugs) is usually successful. The ath letes often recover completely and resume their sports activity. The purpose of this study is to present the histologic findings and our surgical repair of 18 knees of patients who underwent surgery after failure of conservative treatment. Histologic findings confirm that the so-called "jumper's knee" is a pathology localized at the bone- tendon junction. In all cases the following abnormali ties were found:pseudocystic cavities at the borderline between mineralized fibrocartilage and bone, disap pearance of the "blue line," increased thickness of the insertional fibrocartilage with myxomatous and hyaline metaplasia, mineralization, and ossification of the fibrocartilage far from the "blue line." Abnormali ties of the patellar tendon were observed only in one patient who received local injection of corticosteroids. Eleven of the 18 surgically treated knees obtained a satisfactory result with complete resumption of sports activity.

I may preface my remarks on the Wealden boring by giving a short description of the various modes of conducting, and of the machinery used in, what miners call “boring.” The object of making a bore is to ascertain the presence of certain strata and at what depth they lie, or it may be made for the purpose of getting a supply of water, of oil, or of gas. When the ground through which the bore passes is soft, the method of working is with, what carpenters would call, a shell auger, worked with a cross handle fixed at the upper end, by manual labour. As the hole gets deep additional lengths of rod are screwed on to the first one, until the required depth is reached. Of course, during this process the rods and auger have to be withdrawn from time to time to clear out the chamber at the lower end, which becomes filled with the debris from the bore, and from the inspection of this debris a knowledge of the various formations through which the bore has passed is obtained. When hard substances have to be passed through, a steel chisel-pointed “jumper” is used, being alternately raised and dropped by the workmen. In this case the debris has to be removed from the bore by a tube fitted with a valve at the lower end, and as the jumper has to be worked in water, it is in the form of mud. Portions of the upper strata This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract

In view of the speed of today's hardware components, wirings between IC pins cannot be regarded as ``short circuit jumper+some C'' but should be treated as a piece of transmission line. The central problem in design of any equipment employing a number of IC is thus to predict the extent of gradual deterioration of waveforms as pulses propagate along a length of transmission line loaded with many lumped constant loads at distances. A simulation technique for this problem is introduced in the paper, and the technique is more practical than those previously described.

There are no records of the natural history of allergic reactions to "jack jumper ant" (Myrmecia pilosula) stings, but a letter to Tasmanian newspapers asked that persons who had not received prophylactic injections for such stings to report any reactions that they had experienced. Two hundred replies were received from a population of 400,000 persons, which shows that these reactions are widespread and that victims are often terrified at the thought of a further sting. Persons who responded were sent a circular and their reactions were classified. The first 100 replies were analysed: 49 persons reported an immediate generalized reaction from the first sting; 31 of these 49 persons and 18 others had a generalized reaction to further stings; and there was a tendency for local reactions at the sting site to become generalized to the whole body. Of the 15 persons who had had no reaction to a first sting, 12 claimed to have developed a generalized reaction on receiving a subsequent sting. Although self-selection may have provided an exaggerated view of the frequency with which reactions to the stings of jack jumper ants become generalized, the problem is clearly one of considerable magnitude which requires further research and attention.

Sutton's conclusion about the forces on the human tibia is shown to be invalid but correct. There is no rational basis for the fairly common impression that broad jumpers should take off at 45°. Subject to simplifying assumptions about the mechanism of the broad jumper it is shown that athletes in this event should take off at less than full speed. The leg motions of broad jumpers in air serve a useful purpose. The application of physics and other sciences to the techniques of sport is a neglected but promising enterprise.

In adjustable voltage dividers the resistance of the jumpers and the insulation resistance between the contacts of the switches in the jumper circuits cause a positive systematic error of the division factor.

A new analysis, based on the equations of motion, is made of the influence of aerodynamic drag on the trajectory and aerial range achieved by a long jumper. The general result is applied to a particular case, namely the world long jump record obtained by Bob Beamon at the Mexico Olympics in 1968. Calculations are also made of the influence of body height and jumping technique on overall long-jump performance. A comparison is made between the relative importance of aerodynamic and anthropometric aspects of long jump performance.

The gas of East Frigg field is produced from two subsea production stations and collected by a central manifold station from which it is transported to Frigg facilities for treatment. This paper describes the innovative design of the subsea equipment for coping with diverless installation and long production time. Two wells have been drilled on each production station. The production master valves are enclosed in the xmas tree modules while the other valves and sensors are enclosed in the adjacent well jumper module. The whole subsea control system is enclosed in one module on each production station. The central manifold station includes the isolating valves necessary for the installation and the maintenance of the field. Provision is made for killing any well from this station. A pig trap module can also be connected for cleaning/watering the pipe line to Frigg. Installation and maintenance of the field are planned to be performed as diverless operations using dedicated tools.

Jumper’s knee is a disorder characterised by chronic overload of the patellar tendon and its points of insertion into the bone. Victims of this disease are usually active in sports in which the extensor mechanism of the knee is repeatedly activated. Jumping is not the only cause of the disorder, for runners, football players and skiers are also often affected. This disorder is known in international terminology by its English name, “jumper’s knee”. In 1973, Blazina proposed a symptomatic classification which has been adopted by most authors, some of whom added modifications [1, 4]. Some of the radiological signs accompanying this disorder have also been described, but as they vary, they are not very pathognomonic.

A procedure is described for measuring locomotor activity and place preference using an Apple II+ computer. The interface consists of a single integrated circuit connected by a 16 pin jumper cable to the Apple's game I/O connector. This approach can be easily adapted to provide sequential reading of one to seven input lines from up to 16 different test boxes. The software is written in basic and doesn't require any knowledge of memory addressing or machine language programming.

Jumper's knee is a typical functional overload injury because it affects those athletes who submit their knee extensor mechanisms to intense and repeated stress, e.g. volleyball and basketball players, high and long jumpers. According to the classification of Perugia and colleagues, it is an insertional tendinopathy affecting, in order of frequency, the insertion of the patellar tendon into the patella (65% of cases), attachment of the quadriceps tendon to the patella (25%) and the attachment of the patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity (10%). The frequent occurrence of this injury in athletes led to the study of factors that may contribute to its onset and aggravation. These factors are divided into extrinsic (i.e. kind of sport practised and training methods used) and intrinsic (i.e. connected with the somatic and morphological characteristics of the athletes). On the basis of our experience and after a review of the literature it appears, contrary to what has been repeatedly claimed in the past, the extrinsic factors are more important than the intrinsic in the aetiology of jumper's knee. The effect of traumatic incidents and use of elastic kneecap guards should also be considered negligible. The intrinsic causes of jumper's knee, can be sought in the mechanical properties of tendons (resistance, elasticity and extensibility) rather than in morphological or biomechanical abnormalities of the knee extensor mechanism.

This report covers in detail the research and development work carried out by M. I. T. Lincoln Laboratory for the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration in support of the JUMPer program at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. The topics covered include optically pumped gas lasers, frequency calibration of the CO2 laser, and microwave frequency shifting.

A 16-year-old male high jumper sustained a stress fracture of the tibial tuberosity. Continued activity resulted in a type III fracture of the tibial tuberosity necessitating treatment via open reduction and internal fixation.

Much emphasis continues to be on the transfer of remote design technology for components integral to the West Valley Demonstration Project's (WVDP) vitrification process. In addition to preparing equipment specifications and drawings, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) staff also participated in numerous design coordination meetings and reviews of drawings prepared by other WVDP contractors. Nearly 200 jumper drawings for the vitrification cell were prepared by this program in FY 1988. The remote jumpers connect vessels in the cell to each other for the transfer of solutions and provide for the flow of materials, instrumentation signals, and power from outside the cell. Analysis required in preparing the jumper designs involved balance, thermal stress, seismic, set-down stress, and displacement calculations. Design efforts were begun on the canister decontamination and swipe station and on the remote maintenance station. Equipment selection and layouts of the vitrification off-gas treatment system, including a reamer to remotely clean the melter off-gas line, were finalized. Also finalized were the designs for the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter assemblies for heating, cooling and air conditioning of the vitrification cell.

Jumper's knee is a common manifestation seen in the athletic population, resulting from overuse of the knee extensor mechanism. The purpose of this article is to review the literature associated with jumper's knee, in the hope that it may benefit the physical therapist's understanding and management of this condition. The pertinent anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological aspects will be briefly reviewed. Clinical findings, methods of conservative treatment, and a proposed method of prevention will be presented. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1989;11(4):137-141.

Presented at 87 Digital Equipment Computer Users Society, 7/11 December 1987, Anaheim, CA; 86 Digital Equipment Computer Users Society, 6-10 October 1986, San Francisco, CA; 87 Digital Equipment Computer Users Society, 27 Apr-1 May 1987, Nashville, TN. UNIBUS function; Direct access data transfer; Symposium; Computer systems

A report on an unusual transverse fracture through the body of the patella in a 13 year old high jumper is presented. The clinic features and treatment of the more usual avulsion injury of the patella is discussed.

This report describes work done and achievements made towards the completion of the program objectives. The Requirements Definition, Subsystem Development, Theoretical Analysis, System Integration, and the Reliability Analysis are discussed with an explanation of Fuze operation included in the System Integration section. The conclusion includes a summary of the effort done and recommendations for further work. The requirements for the JAN PD/Delay Fuze are outlined. The Navy and Army Fuze requirements are similar except for weight, setback arming level, spin arming level and arming distance. The different weight requirements require separate Navy and Army penetrators, while the different setback spin and arming distance requirements can be met during assembly with minimal part substitution and a jumper select option.

We have reviewed the clinical records and the results of conservative and surgical treatment of 125 out of 172 cases of Jumper's Knee followed for at least 2 years since the onset of symptoms. All were athletes involved in various sporting activities. At follow up 15 patients had given up sport and the lesion had healed spontaneously. We used the classification of Blazina et al as modified by Roels et al. Twenty-four patients were in stage 1, 42 in stage 2, 43 in stage 3 and one in stage 4. Conservative treatment was used primarily on all patients with one exception where the tendon had ruptured. The results were very good in 42, good in 32, and poor in 43, but in 36 patients a long period of rest and reduction in sporting activity was necessary before a significant improvement was obtained. Operation was carried out on 16 patients (19 knees), 18 were in stage 3 and one in stage 4. Various surgical techniques were used. The results were very good in 7 knees, good in 5 and poor in 7. Operation is indicated after the failure of conservative measures and in patients who do not want to reduce their sporting level. The aim should be to induce healing at the bone tendon junction. We emphasize the importance of the prevention of jumper's knee in athletes.

The purpose of this report is to present observations, developed jointly with Purex Technology Operation, which support the ``foam`` theory for high dissolver tower differential pressure, and to recommend the installation of test jets in a dissolver jumper which should destroy dissolver foam and thereby improve overall dissolver performance.

The topographic simulation technique, presented here, is part of the continuing development of the ACCEL1 system. It is based on the idea that the configurations of a circuit board can be represented in a topographic structure. This idea was first introduced to the authors by Dr. Iben Browning, Executive Director of the Thomas Bede Foundation in Los Altos, California.The ACCEL system was developed jointly by Sandia Corporation and the Thomas Bede Foundation, under contract to Sandia. The development began in the Spring of 1964 and has continued to the present. A working system has been programmed and demonstrated. The demonstration shows a circuit board being designed by the system, starting with a rough schematic of the circuit as the primary input to the ACCEL system, then proceeding through the main phases to the final computer output, which includes the actual photographic negative etching master, a finished circuit schematic, an assembly drawing, a hole drilling list, a parts list, and a jumper wire drawing.

This report details initial results of a large scale accountability test program which was recently carried out in the Redox Facility. The test, as originally planned which was to consist of the complete processing (no inventory-clean plant basis) of about 55 tons of selected metal in conjunction with an extensive analytical, sampling, and volume measurement program. With the exception of two incidents, the processing requirements (minimum inventory and measurement of all material) necessary to the success of the test, were met. The two incidents which increase the uncertainties associated with some of the material balance values obtained were: the discharge of an estimated 700 pounds of uranium to the floor in a transfer from F-5 to F-4 due tot he improper installation of the F-5 to F-4 transfer line (jumper) and the discovery of a large accumulation of plutonium ({approximately} 15 kg) in the L-2 stripping tower after completion of the test run.

The triple jump is a demanding field event in which a jumper must tolerate extremely high impact forces while maintaining high horizontal speed. The present study was designed to clarify the mechanical loading characteristics and the role of neuromuscular function in the triple jump. Seven national triple jumpers (4 males, 3 females) volunteered to perform 3-6 jumps. The mean best performances were 14.32+/-0.45 m and 11.90+/-0.28 m for males and females, respectively. The three longest triple jumps for each jumper were selected for final analysis. The mean contact times were 0.139 s (hop), 0.157 s (step) and 0.177 s (jump). The largest ground reaction forces were observed in the step (15.2 times body weight), while the highest peak pressures were recorded under the heel and forefoot. The plantar pressure of the lateral side of the forefoot was highly related to the length of the triple jump (P0.05-0.01). In addition, electromyograms of both legs Suggested that mechanical loading places high demands on the neuromuscular system, as characterized by the high rate of activation in the pre-activity phase followed by high eccentric activity. Thus, the high activities of the gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis and hip extensor muscles seem to play an important role in preventing unnecessary yielding of the jumper during the braking phase.

Jumper's knee is an overuse disease. The initial subjective complaints are well-localized pain, usually occurring after physical activities and often at the lower pole of the patella. The diagnosis of jumper's knee is usually easily established after acquiring a detailed history and a carefully performed physical examination, but the lesion can be mistaken for other disorders or injuries, such as bursitis, meniscal injuries or chondromalacia (1) or other causes of the patellofemoral pain syndrome. Today ultrasonography is the method of choice for the evaluation of jumper's knee as it is both time and cost saving, non-invasive, repeatable, accurate and allows a dynamic image of the tendon, guided injections and control of treatment. Conservative therapy is the treatment of choice in the early stages and includes adequate warm-up, stretching of the quadriceps muscle and physical activity with respect to the pain, and ice pack application after activity. When the pain disappears, the training intensity can be increased. NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) and local peritendinous injections with long-acting steroids can be a helpful and safe adjuvant to the conservative treatment and should be tried before surgery. Surgical treatment is indicated only if a prolonged and well-supervised conservative treatment program fails in chronic jumper's knee (including local injection with steroid) or in acute total rupture. Review papers concerning jumper's knee are already published (2-5), but in this review the importance of ultrasonography to make the diagnosis, to plan therapy and control the treatment and the safety of peritendinous injection with steroid is pointed out. The scientific documentation for the recommanded treatment (conservative, steroid injection and operation) is, however, insufficient. Many more controlled studies are needed. Ultrasonography and placebo-controlled, double-blinded, cross-over studies for treatment with local injection of steroid are ongoing (6, 7).

The aim of the present study was to characterize the performance ability of the leg extensor apparatus in a group of athletes with jumper's knee and to compare the results with those of a matched control group with out knee symptoms. Patient and control groups (12 players in each) were selected from a population of 141 well-trained male Norwegian volleyball players, of which 55 (39%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria for jumper's knee. The testing program consisted of a standing jump, a countermovement jump, a 15-second rebound jump test, a standing jump with a 20-kg load, and a standing jump with a load corresponding to one-half of the subject's body weight. Jump height and power were measured using a contact mat connected to an electronic timer. The test results of the patient group were significantly higher than those of the con trol group for the countermovement jump (15% in crease), power during rebound jump (41 %), work done in standing jump (12%) and countermovement jump (22%), and the difference between countermovement jump and standing jump (effect of adding eccentric component). Athletes with jumper's knee demon strated better performance in jump tests than uninjured athletes, particularly in ballistic jumps involving eccen tric force generation.

A plausible explanation for the ancient long jump records from Greek antiquity is sought on the basis of pictorial and written sources, and corroborated with practical tests. Ancient sources report that athletes jumped more than 15 m with weights in their hands, which enabled them to jump further than without these weights. It is proposed that the ancient Greek long jump was a continuous succession of five standing broad jumps, in which the landing phase of one jump was also the countermovement for the next jump. Four trained athletes jumped further with (14.64 +/- 0.76 m, range 13.64-15.63 m) than without weights (13.88 +/- 0.70 m, range 12.60-14.75 m; P = 0.001). These results show that this technique is executable, fits with ancient written and pictorial sources, and allows trained modern athletes to jump distances well over 15 m. The extra distance jumped when using weights may be due to changes in the position of the jumper's centre of mass at take-off and at landing, and an increase in take-off velocity stemming from several biomechanical mechanisms.