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Calicheamicin gamma1 I was complexed to different recognition sites and studied.

Lentil is one of the most important pulse crops in the world as well as in Bangladesh. It is now considered a main component for training and body building practising in first world countries. Yield varies tremendously fromyear to year and location to location. Therefore, it is very important to find genotypes that perform consistently well even in ecological farming systems without any intercultural operations. Twenty lentil genotypes were tested during the period from November 2010 to March 2011 and from December 2011 toMarch 2012 with three replicates in each season to determine genetic variability, diversity, characters association, and selection indices for better grain yield. The experiment was conducted at the breeding field of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh. This study revealed that all the genotypes possess a high amount of genetic diversity. Plant height and 100-grain weight showed significant positive correlation with grain yield plant-1 that was also confirmed by path analysis as the highest direct effect on grain yield.The genotypes BM-513 and BM-941 were found to be the best performer in both the seasons and were considered as consistent genotype. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters based on Euclidean distance following Ward's method and RAPD analysis. However, discriminant function analysis revealed a progressive increase in the efficiency of selection and BM-70 ranked as the best followed by the genotypes BM-739, BM-680, BM-185, and BM-513.These genotypes might be recommended for farmers' cultivation in ecological farming in Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this study the Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ adsorption capacity of a natural zeolite was evaluated in batch tests at a constant pH of 5.5 by polluting this mineral with solutions containing increasing concentrations of the three cations to obtain adsorption isotherms. In addition X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the changes of zeolite structure caused by the exchange with cations of different ionic radius. The zeolite adsorption capacity for the three cations was Zn>Pb>Cd. Moreover a sequential extraction procedure [H2O, 0.05M Ca(NO3)2 and 0.02M EDTA] was applied to zeolite samples used in the adsorption experiments to determine the chemical form of the cations bound to the sorbent. Using this approach it was shown that low concentrations of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ were present as water-soluble and exchangeable fractions (<25% of the Me adsorbed), while EDTA extracted most of the adsorbed cations from the zeolite (>27% of the Me adsorbed). The XRD pattern of zeolite, analysed according to the Rietveld method, showed that the main mineralogical phase involved in the adsorption process was clinoptilolite. Besides structure information showed that the incorporation of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+, into the zeolite frameworks changed slightly but appreciably the lattice parameters. XRD analysis also showed the occurrence of some isomorphic substitution phenomena where the Al3+ ions of the clinoptilolite framework were replaced by exchanged Pb2+ cations in the course of the ion exchange reaction. This mechanism was instead less evident in the patterns of the samples doped with Cd2+ and Zn2+ cations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract??The population of Sardinia is characterized by a relatively low level of genetic heterogeneity: therefore ?founder mutations? can be expected to be found. We analysed 17 probands from families with high incidence of breast cancer or breast and ovarian cancer by sequencing the full-length coding regions ofBRCA1andBRCA2genes. A novelBRCA2frameshift mutation,3951del3insAT, which produces a protein truncated at codon 1258, was observed in six patients with BC from the same village. The mutation was not found in unaffected females (matched on basis of ethnicity and age) with no family history of cancer. Haplotype analysis strongly suggests that all affected persons had a common ancestor. The identification of this clinically significant founder mutation may facilitate screening/testing for inherited risk of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of municipal solid waste composting on the concentration, water solubility, and phase association of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu at high concentrations in the starting materials, was studied. The evolution of some chemical parameters (total organic carbon, humic and fulvic acid, water-soluble fraction of organic carbon) during composting was examined to establish their influence on heavy metal speciation. Changes of solubility and potential bioavailability of the analyzed heavy metals were investigated using sequential extraction procedure [i.e. water, 0.1 N Ca(NO3)2 and EDTA]. The Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations slightly decreased during composting due to leaching losses (9.3%, 3.7% and 1.1%, respectively), whereas Pb total concentration did not vary. The progressive decrease in total metal concentration was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the amounts of water-extractable metals. The water-extractable fractions of Pb and Cu decreased rapidly during composting (losses of 95% and 100%, respectively). The decreases in water-extractable Cd and Zn were lower (losses of 60%). Generally, changes in the water-soluble fractions of metals were reflected by the concentrations of water-soluble organic carbon. The evolution of humic fractions also appeared to be important in determining the solubility of heavy metals. The results obtained showed that during composting the heavy metals in the starting materials have been redistributed from more labile and soluble forms to more stabilized ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the cytological and biochemical properties of the FtsA protein ofStreptococcus pneumoniae. FtsA is a widespread bacterial cell division protein that belongs to the actin superfamily. InEscherichia coliandBacillus subtilis, FtsA localizes to the septal ring after FtsZ, but its exact role in septation is not known. InS. pneumoniae, we found that, during exponential growth, the protein localizes to the nascent septa, at the equatorial zones of the dividing cells, where an average of 2200 FtsA molecules per cell are present. Likewise, FtsZ was found to localize with the same pattern and to be present at an average of 3000 molecules per cell. Consistent with the colocalization, FtsA was found to interact with FtsZ and with itself. Purified FtsA is able to bind several nucleotides, the affinity being highest for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and lower for other triphosphates and diphosphates. The protein polymerizesin vitro, in a nucleotide-dependent manner, forming long corkscrew-like helixes, composed of 2 + 2 paired protofilaments. No nucleotide hydrolytic activity was detected. Consistent with the absence of an ATPase activity, the polymers are highly stable and not dynamic. These results suggest that the FtsA protein could also polymerizein vivoand the polymers participate in septation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work describes emotional and relational aspects of adolescent’s condition during pandemic of Covid-19, detected in a sample of 375 students between 14 and 18 years old who participated in a health promotion intervention implemented in high and professional schools in Lombardy. Results showed that the lockdown experience significantly impacted most participants’ everyday life, producing feelings of indifference, loneliness and boredom, in addition to of relationships importance a greater understanding of the importance of relationships. Adolescents’ adaptability to de pandemic condition emerges, nevertheless the perceived restrictions and emotional and relation difficulties not always recognized by respondents. The current work describes emotional and relational aspects of adolescent’s condition during pandemic of Covid-19, detected in a sample of 375 students between 14 and 18 years old who participated in a health promotion intervention implemented in high and professional schools in Lombardy. Results showed that the lockdown experience significantly impacted most participants’ everyday life, producing feelings of indifference, loneliness and boredom, in addition to of relationships importance a greater understanding of the importance of relationships. Adolescents’ adaptability to de pandemic condition emerges, nevertheless the perceived restrictions and emotional and relation difficulties not always recognized by respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looks at a study which investigated Skn-1 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding domain, with reference to its solution structure. Discussion on the Caenorhabditis elegans' development in relation to the Skn-1; Importance of DNA; Details on the long-range nuclear Overhauser effects; Methodology used to conduct the study; Results of the study.

Focuses on Skn-1, a maternally expressed transcription factor which specifies the fate of some blastomeres in the early stages of Caenorhabditis elegans. Why Skn-1 has been identified as a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) recognition motif; Information on the transcription factor; Reference to the discovery of Skn-1 in 1992.

Our understanding of the source of methane (CH4) in freshwater ecosystems is being revised because CH4 production in oxic water columns, a hitherto inconceivable process of methanogenesis, has been discovered for lake ecosystems. The present study surveyed nine Japanese deep freshwater lakes to show the pattern and mechanisms of such aerobic CH4 production and subsurface methane maximum (SMM) formation. The field survey observed the development of SMM around the metalimnion in all the study lakes. Generalized linear model (GLM) analyses showed a strong negative nonlinear relationship between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), as well as a similar curvilinear relationship between DIN and dissolved CH4, suggesting that the availability of organic carbon controls N accumulation in lake waters thereby influences the CH4 production process. The microbial community analyses revealed that the distribution of picocyanobacteria (i.e., Synechococcus), which produce CH4 in oxic conditions, was closely related to the vertical distribution of dissolved CH4 and SMM formation. Moreover, a cross-lake comparison showed that lakes with a more abundant Synechococcus population exhibited a greater development of the SMM, suggesting that these microorganisms are the most likely cause of methane production. Thus, we conclude that the stoichiometric balance between DOC and DIN might cause the cascading responses of biogeochemical processes, from N depletion to picocyanobacterial domination, and subsequently influence SMM formation in lake ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new measure for assessing an individual's perception of the dyadic difficulties in emotion regulation with a romantic partner is tested. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–Dyadic (DERS‐D) was obtained by adapting some items of the previous Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) to the dyadic context. The scale was administered both to a sample of university students (N = 835) to explore its factorial structure and to a convenience sample (N = 833) together with the DERS, the DERS‐Positive, the Emotion Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) to confirm the factorial structure and to explore its construct validity. Results highlight that DERS‐D measures two distinct features, namely the lack of dyadic awareness and the lack of dyadic clarity, and that configural invariance across genders was met. DERS‐D subscales' internal consistency was high. The correlations between the DERS‐D and the other measures demonstrated its construct and criterion validity. The promising nature of these results is discussed in light of the potential clinical and empirical uses of the DERS‐D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated how individualism, collectivism and conformity are associated with parenting and child adjustment in 1297 families with 10‐year‐old children from 13 cultural groups in nine countries. With multilevel models disaggregating between‐ and within‐culture effects, we examined between‐ and within‐culture associations between maternal and paternal cultural values, parenting dimensions and children's adjustment. Mothers from cultures endorsing higher collectivism and fathers from cultures endorsing lower individualism engage more frequently in warm parenting behaviours. Mothers and fathers with higher‐than‐average collectivism in their culture reported higher parent warmth and expectations for children's family obligations. Mothers with higher‐than‐average collectivism in their cultures more frequently reported warm parenting and fewer externalising problems in children, whereas mothers with higher‐than‐average individualism in their culture reported more child adjustment problems. Mothers with higher‐than‐average conformity values in their culture reported more father‐displays of warmth and greater mother‐reported expectations for children's family obligations. Fathers with higher‐than‐average individualism in their culture reported setting more rules and soliciting more knowledge about their children's whereabouts. Fathers who endorsed higher‐than‐average conformity in their culture displayed more warmth and expectations for children's family obligations and granted them more autonomy. Being connected to an interdependent, cohesive group appears to relate to parenting and children's adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial diversity of 15 extra virgin olive oils, obtained from different Italian varieties, including Frantoio, Coratina, Bosana, and Semidana, was analyzed in this study. All bacterial isolates were genotyped using RAPD and REP-PCR method and grouped by means of cluster analyses. Sequencing of 16S rDNA of 51 isolates, representative of 36 clusters, led to the identification of Bacillus spp., Brevibacillus spp., Micrococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Pantoea spp., Kocuria spp., Lysinbacillus spp., and Lactobacillus spp., most of which reported for first time in olive oils. Phenotypic characterization of the 51 isolates, some of which ascribed to potentially probiotic species, indicate that two of them have beta-glucosidase activity while 37% present lipolytic activity. Preliminary evaluation of probiotic potential indicates that 31% of the isolates show biofilm formation ability, 29% acidic pH resistance, and 25% bile salt resistance. Finally, 29% of the isolates were sensitive to antibiotics while the remaining 71%, that include bacterial species well-recognized for their ability to disseminate resistance genes in the environment, showed a variable pattern of antibiotic resistance. The results obtained underline that microbial diversity of extra virgin olive oils represents an unexpected sink of microbial diversity and poses safety issues on the possible biotechnological exploitation of this microbial biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methanogenesis in freshwater lakes has classically been considered to arise from anaerobic methanogens in oxygen-depleted sediments. However, the accumulation of supersaturated methane in fully oxygenated water columns is commonly observed in many lakes, and factors responsible for the formation of the subsurface methane maximum (SMM) remain largely unknown. The present study conducted in 14 Japanese freshwater lakes showed that the SMM formation during the summer stratification period is a common feature in large and deep oligotrophic lakes. The seasonal survey of a deep oligotrophic lake revealed that SMM formation may be uncoupled with the dissolution of atmospheric methane, as well as with the transport of methane from tributary rivers, littoral sediments, and hypolimnetic anoxic sources, suggesting the contribution of in situ methane production. In fact, batch-culture experiments confirmed that bacterioplankton present in lake subsurface waters produce methane aerobically through the decomposition of methylphosphonic acid. Moreover, the development of SMM was closely associated with the seasonal dynamics of planktonic cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus , which may carry the enzyme to catabolize organophosphonate compounds. Therefore, we suggest that the predominance of Synechococcus during the thermal stratification period plays a significant role in SMM formation, and likely the methane flux from lakes to the atmosphere. Unlabelled Image • The study examined the subsurface CH 4 maximum (SMM) formation in oxic lake waters. • The SMM found in deep lakes was associated with the dynamics of cyanobacteria. • Lake P depletion may cause cyanobacterial CH 4 production by phosphonate metabolism. • Enhanced oligotrophy by mixing regime alteration could promote CH 4 flux from lakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]