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This letter presents a novel high-efficiency linear transmitter using pulse-width modulation (PWM). An envelope of radio frequency (RF) input signal is modulated by the PWM. The modulated signal is applied to the gate bias of a class F injection-locked power oscillator and switches it on and off. By filtering the pulsed oscillating output signal of the injection-locked oscillator using high-Q bandpass filter, the input signal is restored. This technique enables the transmitter to have high efficiency with good linearity. Also, there is little distortion near saturation point of an active device. The measured results show efficiency of 54.6% and very good linearity in PCS band at 26.4-dBm output power. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This letter presents a novel envelope elimination and restoration (EER) structure using the negative resistance class F power amplifier. Due to the extremely high gain characteristic of the negative resistance amplifier in very narrow bandwidth, it operates in saturation mode. This characteristic is applied to the proposed EER. Using this technique, a limiter, a drive amplifier, and a class F power amplifier in conventional EER can be substituted with the negative resistance class F power amplifier. This technique greatly reduces the complexity of conventional EER without degradation of efficiency and linearity. The measured results show efficiency of 60% and less than-26 dBc IMD levels for two-tone test in PCS band at 27-dBm output power. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive form of brain cancer, poses substantial challenges to effective treatment due to its complex and infiltrative nature, making it difficult to manage. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT), have emerged as promising individual treatment options against GBM due to their least-invasive approach. However, both PDT and SDT have drawbacks that require careful consideration. A combination therapy using light and sound waves has gained attention, offering new avenues to overcome challenges from individual therapies. Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) has been used against various tumours. Researchers are considering SPDT as a favourable alternative to the conventional therapies for GBM. SPDT offers complementary mechanisms of action, including the production of ROS, disruption of cellular structures, and induction of apoptosis, leading to enhanced tumour cell death. This review gives an insight about PDT/SDT and their limitations in GBM treatment and the need for combination therapy. We try to unveil the process of SPDT and explore the mechanism behind improved SPDT-meditated cell death in GBM cells by focusing on the ROS-mediated cell response occurring as a result of SPDT and discussing current modifications in the existing sensitisers for their optimal use in SPDT for GBM therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Background: b Inactivation of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family members, the DNA hydroxylases catalyze 5mC into 5hmC, was closely related to the cancer initiation and progression. AMPK is known to play a role in regulating TET2, but the clinical relevance of AMPK / TET2 in colorectal cancer is unclear. B Materials and Methods: b We used immunohistochemistry to retrospectively examine expressions of AMPK and TET2 in paraffin-embedded specimens from 343 patients with colorectal cancer between January 2009 and December 2014. [Extracted from the article]

B Background: b The aim of this study was to investigate the association and prognostic impact of tumor immune microenvironment and systemic inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer. According to the results of survival analysis, colorectal cancers were classified into low T-cell density (0) or high T-cell density (1-4). This study suggests that both tumor immune microenvironment (T-cell density) and systemic inflammatory marker (prognostic nutritional index) provide prognostic information in colorectal cancer. [Extracted from the article]

Anastomosis was performed in 63 patients with double stapling anastomosis, 2 with single stapling anastomosis, and 48 with hand-sewn anastomosis. The anastomotic failure included anastomotic leakage (7%, 8 patients), anastomotic stricture (3.5%, 4 patients), and anastomotic fistula (1.8%, 2 patients). There were anastomotic failure (AF) in 10 patients in 63 patients who underwent double stapling anastomosis. [Extracted from the article]

A correction to the article “What Influence Does Progression of a Nonhealing Rotator Cuff Tear Have on Shoulder Pain and Function?" by Y.S. Jeon and colleagues which was published in the June 2017 issue is presented.

Understanding the ferromagnetic behavior of coupled magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in a chain structure, called a “nanochain (NC)”, will open up new routes for its practical use. Here, we report the magnetization reversal modes in isolated magnetite (Fe3O4) NPs with diameters of 100 and 200 nm, as well as those of one-dimensional (1D) self-assembled NCs consisting of these NPs. NCs consisting of 100-nm diameter NPs switched through a transverse domain wall-like motion. Meanwhile, in 200-nm diameter NPs and NCs, we observed 3D magnetic vortex states that were more energetically favorable than single domain or multidomain states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine finite-temperature phase transitions in the two-orbital Hubbard model with different bandwidths by means of the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method. It is found that there emerges a peculiar slope-reversed first-order Mott transition between the orbital-selective Mott phase and the Mott insulator phase in the presence of Ising-type Hund's coupling. The origin of the slope-reversed phase transition is clarified by the analysis of the temperature dependence of the energy density. It turns out that the increase of Hund's coupling lowers the critical temperature of the slope-reversed Mott transition. Beyond a certain critical value of Hund's coupling the first-order transition turns into a finite-temperature crossover. We also reveal that the orbital-selective Mott phase exhibits frozen local moments in the wide orbital, which is demonstrated by the spin-spin correlation functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the simultaneous deposition of two different metal precursors dissolved in liquid carbon dioxide (l-CO2), aiming to the synthesis of ternary chalcopyrite (e.g. CuInS2) nanoparticles on a mesoporous TiO2 film. The l-CO2-based deposition of Cu and In precursors and subsequent reaction with a dilute H2S gas resulted in CuxInySz nanoparticles uniformly deposited across the entire thickness of a mesoporous TiO2 film. Further heat treatment (air annealing and sulfurization) led to the formation of more stoichiometric CuInS2 nanoparticles. The formation of CuInS2 on TiO2 was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The crystal growth of CuInS2 was also found to be controllable by adjusting the number of coating cycles of the l-CO2-based deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate paramagnetic metal-insulator transitions in the infinite-dimensional ionic Hubbard model at finite temperatures. By means of the dynamical mean-field theory with an impurity solver of the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method, we show that an increase in the interaction strength brings about a crossover from a band insulating phase to a metallic one, followed by a first-order transition to a Mott insulating phase. The first-order transition turns into a crossover above a certain critical temperature, which becomes higher as the staggered lattice potential is increased. Further, analysis of the temperature dependence of the energy density discloses that the intermediate metallic phase is a Fermi liquid. It is also found that the metallic phase is stable against strong staggered potentials even at very low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 14 sesquiterpenes (1–14) were isolated from MeOH extract of Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes. • Two new sesquiterpenes, curcumenol-9,10-epoxide (1) and curcuzedoalide B (2), were identified. • The structures of new compounds were determined by 2D NMR data and quantum chemical ECD calculations. • Compounds 9 , 10 , and 12 exhibited cytotoxic effects against gastric cancer AGS cells. Curcuma zedoaria rhizome (Zingiberaceae) is a well-known traditional medicinal plant used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine to treat various cancers. This study aimed to identify the cytotoxic components from C. zedoaria rhizomes that act against gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of death from cancer worldwide because the MeOH extract of C. zedoaria rhizome was found to show a cytotoxic effect against gastric cancer AGS cells. Repeated column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC purification were used to separate the components from the C. zedoaria MeOH extract. Two new sesquiterpenes, curcumenol-9,10-epoxide (1) and curcuzedoalide B (2), and 12 known related sesquiterpenes (3–14) were isolated from the C. zedoaria MeOH extract. The structures of new compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic experiments and HR-ESIMS, and quantum chemical ECD calculations. The cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds were measured in human gastric cancer AGS cells using an MTT cell viability assay. Compounds 9 , 10 , and 12 exhibited cytotoxic effects against gastric cancer AGS cells, with IC 50 values in the range of 212–392 μM. These findings provide further experimental scientific evidence to support the traditional use of C. zedoaria rhizomes for the treatment of cancer. Curcumenol (9), 4,8-dioxo-6 β -methoxy-7 α ,11-epoxycarabrane (10), and zedoarofuran (12) were identified as the main cytotoxic components in C. zedoaria rhizomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study frustrated ferromagnetic spin-1 chains, where the ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor coupling competes with the antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor coupling. We use the density-matrix renormalization group to obtain the ground states. Through the analysis of spin-spin correlations we identify the double Haldane phase as well as the ferromagnetic phase. It is shown that the ferromagnetic coupling leads to incommensurate correlations in the double Haldane phase. Such short-range correlations transform continuously into the ferromagnetic instability at the transition to the ferromagnetic phase. We also compare the results with the spin-1/2 and classical spin systems and discuss the string orders in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report high-field magnetization, electron spin resonance (ESR), and Raman scattering measurements of the coupled spin-tetrahedra system Cu4Te5O12Cl4 with magnetic ordering at TN = 13.6 K. We find thermodynamic and spectroscopic signatures for the concomitant occurrence of localized and collective magnetism. Magnetization measurements up to 60 T exhibit a spin-flop transition at μ0HSF = 16 T only for H\\c as well as periodic magnetization steps at μ0H = 16.5, 24.8, 33.8, 42.3, and 49.7 T, which are independent of the crystallographic orientations. For T > TN, the temperature dependence of ESR linewidth is described by a critical power law, ΔBpp(T) α (T -- TN)-056±0m . For T < TN, an antiferromagnetic resonance mode is observed for H∥c, and its linewidth is given by ΔBpp(T) α (T -- TN)3.13±0.04 , being close to T4 expected for a classical magnet. Raman spectra show three one-magnon-like excitations superimposed on a broad two-magnon continuum. While the two higher frequency modes show an intensity variation in accordance to a three-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet, the lower frequency mode clearly deviates. These results suggest that Cu4Te5O12Cl4 is a unique material which shows a dual character of zero-dimensional, localized and three-dimensional, collective magnetic behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the inelastic neutron scattering technique, we measured the spin wave dispersion over the entire Brillouin zone of room temperature multiferroic BiFe03 single crystals with magnetic excitations extending to as high as 72.5 meV. The full spin waves can be explained by a simple Heisenberg Hamiltonian with a nearest-neighbor exchange interaction (J = 4.38 meV), a next-nearest-neighbor exchange interaction (J′ = 0.15 meV), and a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-like term (D = 0.107 meV). This simple Hamiltonian determined, for the first time, for BiFe03 provides a fundamental ingredient for understanding the novel magnetic properties of BiFe03. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative studies of magnetoelectric susceptibility (α), magnetization (M), and magnetostriction (u) in TbMn2O5 reveal that the increment of M owing to the field-induced Tb3+ spin alignment produces a field- asymmetric line shape in the a(H) curve, which is conspicuous in a low-temperature incommensurate phase but persistently subsists in the entire ferroelectric phase. Correlations among electric polarization, u, and M2 variation represent linear relationships, unambiguously showing the significant role of Tb magnetoelastic effects on the low-field magnetoelectric phenomena of TbMn2O5. An effective free energy capturing the observed experimental features is also suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Cellular internalization of functional nanoparticles that have optical and magnetic properties is very important in the cellular imaging and manipulation of specifically targeted biomolecules. In this study, a robust method to deliver functional nanoparticles and targeting antibodies into cells was suggested. The engineered protein G system, which contains an affinity tag and a cell penetration peptide in the N- and C-terminals, respectively, can capture surface-modified nanoparticles and antibodies without chemical reaction, and then non-invasively deliver them into the cells. Finally, gold-coated iron oxide nanoparticle/engineered protein G hybrid systems were successfully employed as multifunctional cargo systems for the targeting, imaging, and manipulation of mitochondria. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute systemic vasculitis that primarily affects infants and young children, is occasionally refractory to initial high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Some patients with KD develop peripheral gangrene as a fatal complication, though this is rare. There has been no case reported in the literature of complicated peripheral gangrene that completely resolved without sequelae. Recently, we encountered a patient with KD which was refractory to IVIG, later developing peripheral gangrene. For the treatment of a peripheral gangrene dexamethasone, methotrexate, and an anticoagulant were administered, resulting in resolution of the gangrenous lesions without sequelae. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce permanent sequelae and mortality from refractory KD complicated by peripheral ischemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lynch syndrome is the most common inherited colon cancer syndrome. Patients with Lynch syndrome develop a range of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC) and carry a mutation on one of the mismatched repair (MMR) genes. Although CRC usually occurs after the fourth decade in patients with Lynch syndrome harboring a heterozygous MMR gene mutation, it can occur in children with Lynch syndrome who have a compound heterozygous or homozygous MMR gene mutation. We report a case of CRC in a 13-year-old patient with Lynch syndrome and congenital heart disease. This patient had a heterozygous mutation in MLH1 (an MMR gene), but no compound MMR gene defects, and a K-RAS somatic mutation in the cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]