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Sur l'intérêt linguistique et dialectologique d'un traité sur l'orthographe où l'humaniste bruxellois Antoine Sexagius propose une méthode pour écrire le dialecte brabançon de son temps.

ispartof: Structuring Linguistic Form status: accepted

The issue is a Festschrift for Jean René Klein: it deals with various aspects of French lexicology, e.g. idioms, Belgian French, proper names, etc. ispartof: Cahiers de lexicologie vol:91 status: published

Abbreviations and conventions xiv 1. Introduction 1. The Eton language 1 1.1. Situation 1 1.2. Brief typological sketch 4 2. History, goals and methods 7 2. Phonology 1. Introduction 11 2. Phoneme inventory and phonotactics 13 2.1. Consonants 13 2.1.1. Phonotactics 14 2.1.2. Discussion of some phonemes and oppositions 14 2.1.3. Functional oppositions 17 2.2. Vowels 19 3. Realisation rules 22 3.1. Accent 23 3.2. Consonants 27 3.2.1. Devoicing of voiced obstruents 27 3.2.2. Lenition of voiced obstruents 29 3.2.3. Palatalisation of /w/ 30 3.2.4. Labio-dentalisation of /m/ 30 3.2.5. Labialisation 30 3.2.6. Spirantisation 30 3.3. Vowels 31 3.3.1. Centralisation of /«/ 32 3.3.2. Nasalisation 32 3.3.3. Final aspiration 32 3.3.4. Centralisation of /a/ after /w/ 33 4. Morphophonology 33 4.1. Consonants 33 4.1.1. The homorganic nasal °/å/ _ /m, n, µ, ÷, ÷’m/ 34 4.1.2. Initial morphophonemes of stems often preceded by °/å/ 34 4.1.2.1. °/B/ 34 4.1.2.2. °/V/ 34 4.1.2.3. °/ï/ 35 4.1.2.4. °/ñ/ 35 4.1.2.5. °/S/ 35 4.1.2.6. °/v’j/ 35 4.1.2.7. °/g’b/ 35 4.1.2.8. °/j/ 35 4.1.3. Representation of °/l/ 37 4.1.4. Elision 37 4.1.5. Lexical exceptions 38 4.2. Vowels 38 4.2.1. Representation of vowels by a glide 38 4.2.2. Representation of °/«/ 38 4.2.3. The harmonic vowel °/A/ 39 4.2.4. Elision and reduction 39 5. Syllable structure 40 5.1. Surface syllable structures 40 5.2. Weight units & basic syllabification 42 5.3. Hiatus resolution 48 5.3.1. V1 elision 48 5.3.2. Glide formation 49 5.3.3. Vowel coalescence 50 5.3.4. Diphthong formation 51 6. Tone 52 6.1. Introduction 52 6.2. Tone rules 53 6.2.1. High tone copy 54 6.2.2. Floating high tone attachment 56 6.2.3. Floating low tone attachment 59 6.2.4. High tone spread 60 6.2.5. High tone plateauing 62 6.2.6. Representation of a dissimilating high tone 64 6.2.7. Tonetics: simplification and inertia 65 6.2.8. Successions of floating tones 65 6.2.9. Optional tone patterns as a sign of lexicalisation 66 6.2.10. Summary 66 7. Practical orthography 68 3. Nouns 1. Introduction 70 2. The structure of the underived noun 71 2.1. Introduction 71 2.2. Non-reduplicated noun stems 71 2.2.1. Canonical forms 72 2.2.2. Non-canonical forms 73 2.2.2.1. CVC.CV 73 2.2.2.2. Basic stems with an initial vowel 75 2.2.2.3. Basic stems containing a long vowel 76 2.2.2.4. CV.CVC 77 2.2.2.5. CVC.CVC 77 2.2.2.6. Others 77 3.2.3. Reduplicated noun stems 78 3. Morphological classes & genders 80 3.1. Introduction 80 3.2. Genderless nouns 82 3.3. The genders 85 3.3.1. Gender 1 85 3.3.2. Gender 2 86 3.3.3. Gender 3 86 3.3.4. Gender 4 87 3.3.5. Gender 5 88 3.3.6. Gender 6 89 3.3.7. Gender 7 89 3.3.8. Gender 8 89 3.3.9. Gender 9 89 3.3.10. Gender 10 92 3.4. Gender combinations 92 3.5. The augment 94 4. Nominal derivation 94 4.1. Introduction 94 4.2. Denominal derivation 95 4.2.1. Denominal derivation with reduplication 95 4.2.2. Proper name formation 97 4.2.3. Motion 98 4.3. Deverbal derivation 100 4.3.1. Deverbal derivation with reduplication 100 4.3.2. Deverbal derivation without suffixation 101 4.3.2.1. Resultative nouns of gender 5 101 4.3.2.2. Cognate words 102 4.3.3. Deverbal derivation with a floating high tone suffix 104 4.3.4. Deverbal derivation with the suffix -A` (agentive nouns) 106 4.3.5. Derivation by means of the suffix -nö' or -e'÷ga'na' 107 4.3.6. Derivations involving the suffix -LgA` 110 4.3.7. Isolated cases 110 4.3.8. Deverbal nouns with a complement 111 4.4. Phrasal compound formation: Names for species and other kinds 111 4. Verbs 1. Introduction 115 2. The structure of the underived verb 115 2.1. Stems without an expansion 116 2.2. Stems with an expansion 117 3. Verbal derivation 120 3.1. Valency increasing derivation 121 3.1.1. The suffix -A` 121 3.1.2. The suffix -lA` 123 3.2. Valency reducing derivation 124 3.2.1. The suffix -ö` 124 3.2.2. The suffix -(b)a`n 126 3.2.3. The suffix -nö` 129 3.4. Other suffixes 131 3.5. Positional -bA` and Impositive -ö` 132 4. Discussion 136 5. Transitivity 137 5.1. Extra object 139 5.1.1. Internal object 139 5.1.2. Experiencer & Benefactive 140 5.1.3. Cause 144 5.2. Zero anaphora 145 5. Other word classes 1. Introduction 147 2. Inflectional forms 147 2.1. Pronominals 148 2.1.1. Substitutives 149 2.1.2. Too/neither pronominals 151 2.1.3. Quotative pronominals 153 2.1.4. Indefinites, reflexives and reciprocals 155 2.2. Adnominals 157 2.2.1. The anaphoric modifier -t«` 157 2.2.2. Demonstratives 159 2.2.3. Possessives 162 2.2.3.1. First person singular 164 2.2.3.2. Second person singular 165 2.2.3.3. Third person singular 166 2.2.3.4. First and second person plural 167 2.2.3.5. Third person plural 168 2.2.4. Interrogative promodifiers 169 2.2.4.1. ‘Which’ 169 2.2.4.2. ‘How many’ 170 2.2.5. The modifier ‘other’ 171 2.3. Quantifiers 171 2.3.1. The cardinal number ‘one’ 171 2.3.2. The quantifier ‘single’ 173 2.3.3. Cardinal numbers from ‘2’ to ‘6’ 174 2.3.4. Numbers from 1 to 6 in counting and mathematical use 175 2.3.5. The quantifier -se` ‘all, entire, every, each’ 176 2.4. The connective proclitic 177 3. Uninflected words 181 3.1. Quantifiers 181 3.1.1. Cardinal numbers from 7 upwards 181 3.1.2. Ordinal numbers 182 3.1.3. be'÷ & ö`te'ta'ma' ‘only’ 183 3.2. Indefinite modifiers 184 3.3. Adverbs 184 3.3.1. Modal adverbs 185 3.3.1.1. v¿' / î¿' 185 3.3.1.2. pwa'g¿' 188 3.3.1.3. te'de', jaàm, kö'g, ve`, be'÷, and peß 190 3.3.2. Place adverbs 192 3.3.2.1. be`be` ‘close’ 192 3.3.2.2. Location in vertical space 192 3.3.3. Time adverbs 194 3.3.3.1. ö'teßte`ge` µ¿' 194 3.3.3.2. Nouns with temporal reference 194 3.4. Prepositions 194 3.4.1. The locative preposition a' 194 3.4.2. The preposition a'su' 199 3.4.3. The preposition e`e`y 200 3.4.4. The preposition a'b¿ß 203 3.4.5. The preposition vwa`z ‘until, as far as, up to’ 205 3.4.6. The preposition a`ne' ‘like’ 206 3.5. Demonstrative and endophoric pro-adverbials 207 3.6. Question words 215 3.6.1. Interrogative pronominals 215 3.6.2. General question markers 216 3.6.3. The interrogative pro-locative v«Ø 217 3.6.4. The interrogative ya' ‘how’ 217 3.6.5. The interrogative ö'd«'n ‘when’ 218 3.7. Grammatical words 219 3.7.1. The link tone H 219 3.7.2. Number words 219 3.7.2.1. The plural word b¿` 220 3.7.2.2. The diminutive proclitic m¿`H 220 3.7.2.3. The augmentative noun mo`dH 221 3.7.4. The locative connective 222 3.7.5. The vocative particle 222 3.8. Other minor word classes 223 6. Nominals 1. Introduction 224 2. Simple nominals 224 2.1. Non-augmented simple nominals 224 2.2. Augmented simple nominals 225 3. Complex nominals 226 3.1. Non-augmented complex nominals 226 3.1.1. Connectives 226 3.1.1.1. “Genitive” relations 227 3.1.1.2. Modification: the first nominal denotes a property 228 3.1.1.3. Modification: the second nominal denotes a property 233 3.1.1.4. Hyperonymic relations 234 3.1.2. Modification by means of a postposed noun 235 3.1.3. Modification by means of a preposed non-agreeing word 236 3.1.4. Apposition 237 3.2. Augmented complex nominals 237 4. Word order in complex nominals 239 5. Agreement in complex nominals 240 7. Tense, aspect, mood and negation 1. Introduction 244 2. Indicative forms 245 2.1. Basic distinctions 246 2.1.1. Tense 246 2.1.2. Aspect 249 2.2. The G-form 259 2.3. Absolute tense constructions 261 2.3.1. The Remote past perfective 261 2.3.2. The Remote past imperfective 262 2.3.3. The Hesternal past perfective 262 2.3.4. The Hesternal past imperfective 265 2.3.5. The Hodiernal past perfective 265 2.3.6. The Hodiernal past imperfective 267 2.3.7. The Past imperfective 267 2.3.8. The Present 268 2.3.9. The Future 271 2.3.10. The Indefinite future 275 2.4. Constructions involving defective verb forms 276 2.4.1. The Resultative form 276 2.4.1.1. The Present resultative 278 2.4.1.2. The Past resultatives 279 2.4.2. Contrastive resultative forms 279 2.5. Southern forms 280 2.6. Relative tense constructions 282 2.6.1. Consecutive 282 2.6.1.1. Subsequent events 283 2.6.1.2. Conditional 286 2.6.1.3. Simultaneity 287 2.6.2. Inceptive 287 2.6.3. The Relative imperfective 293 3. Non-Indicative moods 295 3.1. Subjunctive 296 3.2. Imperative 297 4. Negation 298 4.1. The negative prefix a`a' 298 4.2. Negation in non-indicative moods: the negative auxiliary be' 299 4.3. The negative adverb te` 300 8. Simple Clauses 1. Introduction 302 2. Subjects 302 3. Non-Verbal Clauses 307 3.1. Clauses with a demonstrative predicate 307 3.2. Identity statements involving a proper name 310 4. Copular clauses 311 5. Clauses with a verbal predicate 319 5.1. Non-subject nominals 319 5.2. Quasi-Auxiliaries 324 5.2.1. Introduction 324 5.2.2. Non-resultative quasi-auxiliaries 324 5.2.2.1. dö`÷ iterative, habitual 325 5.2.2.2. ze`za` habitual 325 5.2.2.3. ma` terminative 326 5.2.2.4. du'gnö`, ba'gbaß and tö`mnö` repetitive 329 5.2.2.5. ke` andative 329 5.2.2.6. da`÷ ‘a lot’, ‘most of all’ 331 5.2.2.7. be'b ‘badly, wrongly’ 331 5.2.2.8. kwa`gd¿` ‘well’ 331 5.2.2.9. ku'n ‘early’ 332 5.2.2.10. vu'laß ‘quickly’ 332 5.2.2.11. bu`la` ‘a lot’, ‘most of all’ 333 5.2.2.12. bu`m÷ga`na` ‘with a start’, ‘with a jump’, ‘suddenly’ 333 5.2.2.13. y«`«`nö` necessity 333 5.2.2.14. ne` possibility 334 5.2.2.15. yö` volition 334 5.2.2.16. ta' primofactive 335 5.2.3. Resultative quasi-auxiliaries 336 5.2.3.1. ÷g«'naß persistive 336 5.2.3.2. ÷ku'na' prospective 337 5.2.3.3. ndo`mo'/ndo`ma' perfect of recent past 337 5.2.4. Combinations of Quasi-auxiliaries 338 6. Relative clauses 339 7. Focus 343 7.1. Verbal focus 343 7.2. Nominal focus 345 7.2.1. Subjects 345 7.2.2. Complements 347 8. Some notes on questions 349 8.1. Polar questions 349 8.1.1. Basic structure of polar questions 349 8.1.2. Leading questions 351 8.2. Constituent questions 351 9. The lexicon 1. Introduction 353 2. Dictionnaire eton-français 354 2.1. Introduction 354 2.1.1. Données 354 2.1.2. Rangement alphabétique 355 2.1.3. Structure des entrées et abréviations 355 2.1.3.1. Entrées nominales 355 2.1.3.2. Entrées verbales 358 2.1.3.3. Autres entrées 359 2.2. Dictionnaire 359 2.3. Liste des proverbes 434 3. Index français-eton 436 3.1. Introduction 436 3.2. Index français-eton 436 References 461 Subject Index 465 status: published