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In the present paper account is given to the different methods of telecobaltotherapy of the uterus, parametrium and pelvic lymph nodes, both in patients previously submitted to radiumtherapy and in untreated ones.The method of choice is still the pendulum therapy with double axis of rotation. Another method is however suggested which, owing to its easy performance, may be employed on a large scale: the employ of two opposite fields, with medial protection of the lower half of the field.The isodoses constructed on the puppet and those employed in order to obtain in the patients the isodoses curves with different sizes of the antero-posterior diameter are presented.

In irradiated mammary tumours a diminution of the tumour tissue (concerning « A » as well as « B » cells of Caspersson) and an increase of the connective tissue (increased number of nuclei and diminution of their volume) have been observed.

Objective Regenerative medicine is experiencing a strong expansion worldwide, including the treatment of some common orthopedic pathologies, with an increase in physicians adopting these technologies. This growing interest has been associated with an equally significant spread of websites dedicated to public information on this topic, often lacking scientific bases. This study aims to evaluate the quality of information on the World Wide Web about stem cells for cartilage disorders in orthopedic practice.Design On February 19, 2021 we performed a search on Google using as keywords “cartilage stem cells,” considering only the freely accessible sites in Italian, English, French, and Spanish. We selected the first 50 valid results for each language and evaluated them using the DISCERN scale.Results A total of 249 sites were observed, of which 49 were discarded as duplicates (8) or not relevant to the topic (41). Of the 200 sites surveyed, 47 were affiliated to a singular surgeon (23.5%), 31 to private stakeholders (15.5%), 73 to information sites (36.5%), 8 to public hospitals (4%), 13 to universities (6.5%), and 28 referred to international scientific journals (14%). Only 76 sites (38%) were rated as fair or better, while the remaining 124 (62%) were classified as poor or very poor.Conclusions The quality of the information promoted for stem cells in orthopedics is generally low, although a significant minority of the sites offers good quality information. A greater commitment on the part of surgeons and other stakeholders is desirable to promote information on regenerative medicine through scientific criteria supported by adequate literature.

The structure of the metastable form II of 2-bromobenzophenone, obtained by crystallization from the melt, has been determined by powder X-ray diffraction. Form II has been solved in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/cwith a= 8.4896(19) Å, b= 6.5438(8) Å, c= 20.253(1) Å; β = 104.452(6)°, and Z= 4 (Z′ = 1) at 200 K. Both form I and form II contain a multitude of aromatic interactions, and the strength and direction of these interactions could only be interpreted with the support of the thermal-expansion tensors. Both forms exhibit, unexpectedly, uniaxial negative thermal expansion, while hydrogen bonding does not play a significant role in either of these two structures. It appears to be the first time in the literature that uniaxial negative thermal expansion may be caused by aromatic interactions. Thermodynamic properties at normal and high pressure have been determined for the stable and metastable phases, and a pressure–temperature phase diagram has been constructed. While the metastable form behaves monotropically with respect to the stable form under ambient conditions, the phase relationship becomes enantiotropic at high pressure, providing a clear example of phase behavior in which the densest form is not the most stable form under ambient conditions.

Schnitzler syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by monoclonal IgM gammopathy, urticaria, recurrent fever, evidence of inflammation, bone pain, and arthralgia. We present the case of a patient affected by Schnitzler syndrome who developed Della Valle type C heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. A relationship between the underlying syndrome and the considerable heterotopic ossification observed is compatible with the patient's clinical history and incidental findings. We suggest prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification when performing hip arthroplasty on patients with Schnitzler syndrome.

We demonstrate the possibility of measuring parts in 10^12 by volume concentrations of radicals of high atmospheric interest, such as IO or BrO, as needed for monitoring these species in the environment. We apply cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy in the near UV range using a frequency-doubled Ti:Sa mode-locked femtosecond laser. Efficient broadband injection of a high-finesse cavity is obtained by matching this optical frequency-comb source to the comb of cavity transmission resonances. A grating spectrograph and a detector array disperse and detect the spectrum transmitted by the cavity carrying the absorption features of intracavity molecules. Spectra recorded over ~4 nm with 10 s averaging display a noise level of 8×10^−10/cm.

The presence of lymph node metastases is the best prognostic factor for predicting relapse or survival in melanoma patients. It has been demonstrated that melanoma metastases spread through the first lymph node(s) draining the tumor (sentinel lymph node, SN) to the lymphatic system and that detection of melanoma cells in peripheral blood directly correlates with prognosis in melanoma.To identify lymph node metastases and circulating melanocytes, we developed a single-step reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR) for detection of two melanoma-specific markers: the tyrosinase gene, which encodes an enzyme associated with melanin synthesis, and melanoma antigen-related T-cells, which are present in tumor infiltrating T-lymphocytes. This method detects two tumor cells in a background of 107lymphocytes.Thirty patients with stage I–IV cutaneous melanoma entered the study. Blood samples were taken preoperatively, one month after excision of the primary melanoma lesion and the SN or total lymphadenectomy, and before the start of chemotherapy and every three months thereafter in metastatic patients. SNs were collected from 22 patients, bisected and analyzed by RT-PCR and routine pathological and immunohistochemical tests. The preliminary results indicate that RT-PCR for melanoma markers is a sensitive and valuable method for the detection of micrometastases and for early diagnosis and staging of melanoma.

To show that intrauterine anesthesia is a reliable method for reducing pain associated with endocavitary procedures.

Nous utilisons les propriétés des cavités optiques de très haute finesse (>5.104) pour mesurer de très faibles biréfringences intracavité. Afin de réaliser l'asservissement nécessaire du laser sur une fréquence de résonance de la cavité, nous utilisons une diode laser monomode, source particulièrement sensible à la rétroaction optique. Cette rétroaction est obtenue directement à partir des effets de polarisation induit par les biréfringences des miroirs de haute réflectivité formant la cavité. L'estimation de la sensibilité de la technique à travers la stabilité de l'asservissement laisse envisager des mesures de biréfringences intracaité inférieures à 10-7radian.

The semi-empirical MT_CKD model of the absorption continuum of water vapor is widely used in atmospheric radiative transfer codes of the atmosphere of Earth and, recently, of exoplanets but lacks of experimental validation in the atmospheric windows. Recent laboratory measurements by Fourier transform Spectroscopy led to self-continuum cross sections much larger than the MT_CKD values in the near-infrared transparency windows. We report on accurate measurements by Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) and Optical Feedback-Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) at selected spectral points of the transparency windows centered around 4.0, 2.1, and 1.25?µm. The temperature dependence of the absorption continuum at 4.38?µm is measured in the 23–39°C range. The self-continuum water vapor absorption is derived either from the baseline variation of water vapor spectra recorded for a series of pressure values over a small spectral interval or from baseline monitoring at fixed laser frequency during pressure ramps. After subtraction of the local water monomer lines contribution, self-continuum cross sections, Cs, are determined with an accuracy better than 10% from the pressure squared dependence of the continuum absorption measured up to about 15?Torr. Together with our previous measurements in the 2.1 and 1.6?µm windows, the present results provide a unique set of water vapor cross sections for testing the MT_CKD model in four transparency windows. Although showing some important deviations of the absolute values (up to about a factor 4), our accurate measurements validate the overall frequency dependence of the most recent version (V2.8) of the MT_CKD model. First accurate water self-continuum absorption cross sections derived in three transparency windowsCritical test of the MT_CKD model of water vapor absorption continuum used in atmospheric radiative transfer codesConflict between recent FTS measurements and the MT_CKD model is solved