351. Distribution of Bacterial α1,3-Galactosyltransferase Genes in the Human Gut Microbiome.
- Author
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Montassier E, Al-Ghalith GA, Mathé C, Le Bastard Q, Douillard V, Garnier A, Guimon R, Raimondeau B, Touchefeu Y, Duchalais E, Vince N, Limou S, Gourraud PA, Laplaud DA, Nicot AB, Soulillou JP, and Berthelot L
- Subjects
- Humans, Metagenomics, Microbiota, Open Reading Frames, Phylogeny, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Galactosyltransferases genetics, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Abstract
Because of a loss-of-function mutation in the GGTA1 gene, humans are unable to synthetize α1,3-Galactose (Gal) decorated glycans and develop high levels of circulating anti-α1,3-Galactose antibodies (anti-Gal Abs). Anti-Gal Abs have been identified as a major obstacle of organ xenotransplantation and play a role in several host-pathogen relationships including potential susceptibility to infection. Anti-Gal Abs are supposed to stem from immunization against the gut microbiota, an assumption derived from the observation that some pathogens display α1,3-Gal and that antibiotic treatment decreases the level of anti-Gal. However, there is little information to date concerning the microorganisms producing α1,3-Gal in the human gut microbiome. Here, available α1,3-Galactosyltransferase (GT) gene sequences from gut bacteria were selectively quantified for the first time in the gut microbiome shotgun sequences of 163 adult individuals from three published population-based metagenomics analyses. We showed that most of the gut microbiome of adult individuals contained a small set of bacteria bearing α1,3-GT genes. These bacteria belong mainly to the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia coli , but also to Pasteurellaceae genera, Haemophilus influenza and Lactobacillus species. α1,3-Gal antigens and α1,3-GT activity were detected in healthy stools of individuals exhibiting α1,3-GT bacterial gene sequences in their shotgun data., (Copyright © 2020 Montassier, Al-Ghalith, Mathé, Le Bastard, Douillard, Garnier, Guimon, Raimondeau, Touchefeu, Duchalais, Vince, Limou, Gourraud, Laplaud, Nicot, Soulillou and Berthelot.)
- Published
- 2020
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