Search

This paper proposed a modular eco-design method for life cycle engineering of electronic and electricity equipment (EEE). This method can help designers improve the maintainability, reusability and recyclability of EEE. Using modular method for eco-design is not a new idea. But most former methods have two common problems. For many researches including our research, modular method is used as a redesign method to improve the environmental attributes of their products. In redesign process, the configuration or some components of the original product will be changed. These changes will bring two very serious problems wherein how to ensure the original main functions can be satisfied and the new assembly can be realized. Most of the former researches used an empirical method to analyze their redesign result to show that their redesign process works. To theoretically solve these problems by a risk control method is the most important contribution of this paper. We introduced functional and physical risk assessment as two constraints of redesign optimization process. With these two constraints, designers can control the redesign risk to an acceptable value. We believe that this method can be used not only for our modular eco-design but also for other redesign methods.

International audience; Les structures d'hospitalisation à domicile rencontrent plusieurs problématiques de gestion et de planification des activités du personnel soignant. L'une des problématiques principales est la planification des tournées des infirmiers qui visitent les patients à leur domicile afin de leur prodiguer des soins. Cette activité est difficile à gérer à cause du nombre important de contraintes à prendre en compte lors de l'établissement des plannings des tournées. Dans notre travail, nous présentons un modèle pour le calcul de tournées des infirmiers afin de comparer les performances de deux méthodes de résolution : la programmation linéaire et la programmation par contraintes.

International audience; Une quinzaine d'hôpitaux ont été visités afin de mieux appréhender et comprendre les problématiques découlant de la thématique de gestion des lits hospitaliers. Grâce à ces rencontres, un certain nombre de problèmes, intervenant à tout niveau décisionnel, ont pu être mis en évidence et pourront amorcer une dynamique de changement et d'amélioration au sein des établissements hospitaliers concernés le désirant. Cette volonté d'optimisation de ces lits d'hospitalisation induit également des pistes de réflexion et des propositions de compromis qui pourraient être évalués sur des critères tant quantitatifs que qualitatifs, tout en prenant en compte les nombreuses contraintes relatives notamment aux ressources matérielles, humaines et financières.

International audience; This special volume is composed of extended versions of selected papers presented at the 33rd annual conference of the EURO Working Group on Operational Research Applied to Health Services (ORAHS’2007, July 15–20, 2007, Saint Etienne, France). Other quality papers are also included to have a more comprehensive view of applications of operations research to health services. The EURO Working Group on Operational Research Applied to Health Services was formed in 1975 as part of a program for developing special interest groups within the European branch, EURO, of the International Federation of Operational Research Societies, IFORS. The group meets every summer, for one week in a different host country, usually in Europe. Meetings are open to anyone with a quantitative background and an interest in the subject area. The objectives of the group are communication of ideas, knowledge, and experience concerning the application of Operational Research (OR) approaches and methods to problems in the area of health services, as well as mutual assistance among members, co-operation on joint projects, and inspiration with regard to approaches and attitudes in this field.

International audience; L'encombrement des structures des urgences ne peut être imputé qu'à ces structures seules, il résulte en une grande partie du dysfonctionnement de coordination et d'organisation de différents acteurs dans le réseau de prise en charge des urgences. Cet article vous présente un simulateur développé dans le but d'évaluer les propositions d'amélioration s'inscrivant dans le cadre de la réorganisation des flux d'urgence et de la réallocation des ressources du réseau. L'exploitation des résultats de simulation met en évidence non seulement l'efficience et l'efficacité de bonnes propositions, mais aussi l'effet contreproductif de fausses propositions d'amélioration.

International audience; This paper compares scheduling problems in manufacturing industry with scheduling problems in service industry and more particular in health care sector. Our objective is to show that manufacturing scheduling is not so far than health care resource scheduling and that scheduling knowledge could be adapted and transferred to health care managers. Scheduling problems are quite well classified, problem complexity are known most of the time and health care solution could be found with decision making tools previously developed for manufacturing. We conclude that the main difficulty for the analyst to specify scheduling problems in manufacturing or service industry is to acquire the ability to model the problem using known characteristics from the literature.

International audience; Nous nous intéressons dans ce travail au problème d'ordonnancement d'interventions dans un bloc opératoire. Chaque intervention doit être réalisée dans une seule salle d'opération par un chirurgien donné. L'objectif est de minimiser la durée d'ouverture du bloc c.-à-d. la plus grande date d'achèvement des interventions. Les interventions sont associées à des chirurgiens nomades qui interviennent dans différentes salles d'opération. Si l'on considère des groupes d'interventions par chirurgien, ce problème est un cas particulier d'un problème open shop où toutes les machines sont identiques. En s'inspirant des problèmes d'ordonnancement sur machines parallèles avec contraintes de précédence, plusieurs heuristiques peuvent être définies pour résoudre le problème étudié. Nous commençons par ordonnancer les interventions des chirurgiens selon leurs durées d'exécution. Ensuite, nous définissons des contraintes de précédence entre les interventions de chaque chirurgien suivant l'ordonnancement calculé. Finalement, nous affectons les interventions aux salles d'opération en respectant les contraintes de précédence.

The book presents a methodological framework to evaluate and reengineer the hospital supply chain, emphasizing the performance definition. Case study applications are included to illustrate the method. It is based on the recognition that only financial indicators lead to poor performance in the long term, that the economic context has an influence on the supply chain organizations and that the different stakeholders of the hospital don't share the same perspectives. The framework is generic and flexible, based on an AS-IS description and TO-BE situations. It can be used as a layer to an enterprise engineering methodology. It provides guidance to users to identify parts of the supply chain that need to be reengineered, to suggest enhancements on the basis of performance indicators and to evaluate them before their implementation. The originality is based on the value and performance model designed to guide the user in the definition of multi-dimensional indicators in accordance with the hospital's values and considering the different stakeholders's points of view.

This chapter focuses on information-sharing practices. Considering a focal firm that has several suppliers and several customers, the authors seek to qualify its organizational configuration and its downstream and upstream information-sharing practices. The framework enables managers of the focal firm to study the conditions and impact of IS and collaborative processes on the functioning and dynamics of each entity in a supply chain. This questioning framework is structured on four levels. This in turn is based on two main theoretical constructs, organization configuration and information-sharing practice. The theoretical construct "organization configuration" is composed of three empirical constructs that qualify the internal and external environment and objectives, the product offering, and the SC configuration. The theoretical construct "information-sharing practice" considers six categories of information to be shared, both downstream and upstream and, for each category, the direction of the sharing, either from the focal firm to the partner (supplier or customer), or from the partner to the focal firm. Each type of shared information is qualified by content. It is also qualified by the process that characterizes the exchange

International audience; This paper presents and discusses an analysis of the interoperability between engineering and manufacturing steps within the Product Life cycle Management (PLM) context. Initially, PLM was focused almost exclusively on the product design, but nowadays, it tends to cover all the stages of the product life cycle. In the same time, the industrialization and the manufacturing are not sufficiently integrated into the PLM solutions. Actually, there is much to be gained by extending the coverage of PLM to production stage in order to lead to interaction. The main purpose of this paper is to study how to realize interaction between PLM and production management that is ensured by the Manufacturing Execution System (MES).

International audience; La certification est une procédure qui concerne tous les établissements qui visent à faire valider la qualité et le bon fonctionnement de leur système. Dans les établissements de santé, cette procédure porte sur la qualité des soins et la sécurité de la prise en charge des patients. Dans le cadre de notre collaboration avec la HAD EOVI services et soins Drôme nord en France, nous nous sommes penchés sur la certification des établissements de santé et plus précisément sur celle des structures d'Hospitalisation A Domicile (HAD). Nous réalisons une étude comparative entre la certification ISO 9000 (International Organisation for Standardization) et la certification des HAD. Il s'agit de comparer la certification ISO 9000 à celle des établissements de santé et plus précisément les structures d'hospitalisation à domicile, de présenter plusieurs méthodologies de modélisation que nous avons comparée et puis, d'analyser le fonctionnement de la HAD EOVI services et soins Drôme nord.

International audience; In this paper, we deal with a drug delivery problem in a French homecare. The carriers are assigned to specific areas and must visit each patient once a day while minimizing the total travelled distance. In this context, we propose to explore four strategies of delivery: (i) starting deliveries when a specified number of deliveries is achieved, (ii) starting deliveries if a specified distance is reached regarding to the planned deliveries, (iii) starting deliveries on a fixed number of deliveries per carrier and, (vi) starting deliveries on fixed hours. We introduce a mixed linear program which takes into account various constraints and minimize the total travelled distance. The results obtained for each strategy are compared in order to identify which one is the most efficient to solve the drug delivery problem at the homecare.

International audience

International audience; The complexity of the Emergency Supply Chains makes its management very difficult. Hence, we present in this article a comprehensive view of the French emergency supply chain (ESC), we propose an ad hoc relationship model between actors, and a GRAI grid-based model to initiate a new approach for controlling the ESC deficiencies, especially related to decision making. Throughout the article, we discuss the interest of the use of enterprise modelling to model the ESC. We discuss too, the characterization of the different issues related to the steering of the ESC. A literature review based on the GRAI grid model is proposed and discussed too. The GRAI method is used here because it presents the advantage of using the theory of complex systems, and it provides a dynamic model of an organization by focusing on decision-making and decisions communication.

12 pages en double colonne; L'affectation des infirmiers aux différentes vacations de soins est une activité réputée difficile et souvent réalisée à la main. Dans cet article nous nous penchons sur le problème de la planification des infirmiers anesthésistes du bloc opératoire, qui consiste à affecter à chaque infirmier pour chaque jour de la semaine, une vacation correspondant à une journée (ou une nuit) de travail. Des activités de surveillance de salle de réveil, de prise en charge du patient en chirurgie réglée ainsi qu'en chirurgie d'urgence doivent être couvertes et des contraintes respectées, tout en recherchant un objectif d'équité de répartition des vacations entre les infirmiers. Plusieurs solveurs libres et commerciaux sont comparés dans le cadre de la résolution de ce problème

International audience; L’objet de cet article est de montrer l’intérêt du couplage des méthodes de modélisation d’entreprise et de simulation de flux, pour la réorganisation et le pilotage des processus de prise en charge des patients aux urgences. Nous présentons au travers de l’article, la démarche suivie pour la réorganisation, et les résultats obtenus lors du déploiement de la démarche. La finalité du travail est de tester et de valider différentes stratégies de pilotage, pour minimiser les durées de séjour et les temps d’attente des patients aux urgences. Nous détaillons cette démarche à partir d’une expérience d’accompagnement du service d’urgences du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne.

National audience; L'approche de l'urbanisation de système d'information (SI) vise à atteindre un SI capable à s’adapter aux changements structurels, par analyser les différents secteurs fonctionnels de l'entreprise afin de rattacher les composants du SI aux différents domaines fonctionnels qui ont été identifiés. Cette approche, permet de rendre le SI plus flexible les modifications n’ayant qu’une portée limitée. Toutefois, cette approche induit une certaine rigidité au niveau de l’organisation et des processus « inter-métiers » : le découpage fonctionnel en secteurs métiers cloisonne de fait l’entreprise et rend plus difficile la collaboration en rendant complexe la modification « à la demande » des processus. Pour pallier les limites induites par les stratégies d’urbanisation du SI et par une orchestration de services « pilotée par les tâches », nous proposons une nouvelle stratégie couplant urbanisation du SI et organisation horizontale de l’entreprise pour permettre une construction incrémentale des processus en fonction des objectifs à atteindre

International audience; La planification des interventions chirurgical est un exercice complexe qui constitue le noyau central de la gestion d'un bloc opératoire, un lieu hautement stratégique dans une structure hospitalière. Il consiste à affecter des interventions à des salles d'opérations et des créneaux horaires en respectant les contraintes humaines et matérielles. L'objectif est de minimiser les coûts et les délais liés à l'attente et d'augmenter la qualité des soins. Dans cet article, une méthode de planification est présentée et appliquée dans le cadre d'un bloc opératoire d'un hôpital universitaire Belge. Le but est de montrer l'apport d'une méthode pour aider à la construction d'un planning opératoire et de comparer son application dans le cadre de différentes politiques de programmation opératoire.

In the context of the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem, we can sometimes assume that we have a priori knowledge of a subset of the DOA for several sources. In that situation, some works have proposed to tacking into account of this knowledge to improve the localization of the unknown sources. The key idea is based on an orthogonal deflation of the signal subspace. In a companion paper, we have derived and analyzed the CRB associated to this model and we have shown that the prior-knowledge of a subset of the DOA is beneficial only for coherent or highly correlated sources associated to closely-spaced DOA. In particular, for uncorrelated sources with closely-spaced DOA, the orthogonal deflation cannot help the estimation of the unknown DOA. Finally, we suggest that a possible solution could be to use oblique projectors. In this paper, we follow this line and we propose two algorithms based on the MinNorm principle

International audience; In the context of the localization of digital multi-source, we can sometimes assume that we have some a priori knowledge of the location/direction of several sources. In that situation, some works have proposed to tacking into account of this knowledge to improve the localization of the unknown sources. These solutions are based on an orthogonal deflation of the signal subspace. In this paper, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound for orthogonally deflated MIMO model and we show that the estimation schemes based on this model can help the estimation of the unknown DOA in some limit situations as for coherent or highly correlated sources but cannot totally cancel the influence of the known directions, in particular for uncorrelated sources with closely-spaced DOA with finite number of sensors

International audience; Operating Theatre is the centre of the hospital management’s efforts. It constitutes the most expensive sector with more than 10% of the intended operating budget of the hospital. To reduce the costs while maintaining a good quality of care, one of the solutions is to improve the existent planning and scheduling methods by improving the services and surgical specialty coordination or finding the best estimation of surgical case durations. The other solution is to construct an effective surgical case plan and schedule. The operating theatre planning and scheduling is the two important steps, which aim to make a surgical case programming with an objective of obtaining a realizable and efficient surgical case schedule. This paper focuses on the first step, the operating theatre planning problem. Two planning methods are introduced and compared. Real data of a Belgian university hospital “Tivoli” are used for the experiments.

International audience; Presented as the miracle solution to many food safety crises, traceability is a subject that has never been so topical. Crises, as for example the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) crisis (from 1996), the chicken dioxin crisis (in May 1999) or the foot-and-mouth disease (in March 2001), created an awareness and a fear with the consumers who need to be reassured. The food companies, in front of this new problem, try to equip themselves with efficient traceability systems. Indeed, a badly administrated crisis can have catastrophic consequences for a company.

International audience; Industrial Sustainability in most companies face several problems when a firm tries to promote a greener image while focusing on maintaining profitability in a long-term approach. This is a necessary strategic approach, as customers are becoming more committed to buying products that consider environmental concerns and additional regulations need to be followed. However, traditional marketing and distribution methods, management tools and the homogenization of requirements fail to fully integrate the implication of environmental regulations into their processes. In this scenario, a system for supporting the integration of environmental concerns, endogenous and exogenous regulations, and market trends would be very well received. This is a complex task to be realized by just one system, even when a firm’s various departments have an efficient networked communication system. A Distributed Decision Making System (DDMS) could be a useful approach. This paper introduces a multi agent network for collaborative knowledge management. Since regulations and environmental issues are at the core of those processes and influence the final products, several sustainability phases can be addressed within this network, from the design to the marketing and distribution stages. The aim of our system is to deal with the management of these different phases in a collaborative platform by considering the sustainability knowledge related to several regulations.

International audience; This paper presents a modelling and optimization procedure to assign customers' orders among the partners of a network of firms. The proposed procedure takes into account both kinds of criteria: short-term and long-term criteria. Short-term criteria such as cost, quality, and lead time are customer oriented. However, long-term criteria such as knowledge acquisition and competency development are 'network of firms' oriented. The proposed procedure is based on a set of modelling and optimization concepts.

International audience

International audience; The supply chain management leads to two points of view depending on industrial requirements: the internal and the global supply chain. The problem tackled in this communication is the analysis of an internal supply chain in order to diagnose its functioning. We present a process oriented methodology to analyze and diagnose a supply chain. It is composed of two main stages: business process modeling, which consists in a multi level description of the existing processes, the diagnosis, which from the business process analysis aims at identifying the supply chain malfunction. Its implementation to an industrial case allowed us to identify the advantages and limits.

International audience; Les systèmes hospitaliers sont en pleine restructuration, stimulée par la maîtrise de la démographie du personnel médical et soignant et par la modification du mode de tarification imposée par les tutelles. L'une des stratégies préconisées est le regroupement de moyens qui se matérialise dans le secteur chirurgical par la création de plateaux médicotechniques (PMT). Ce papier propose une démarche et un accompagnement du changement à l'aide d'outils de la modélisation d'entreprise pour la conception et le transfert vers une structure mutualisée ou pour l'analyse et le pilotage d'un PMT existant. Deux projets de restructuration illustrent ces propos : l'un dans la définition de l'organisation cible d'établissements en cours de regroupement, l'autre portant sur l'identification de dysfonctionnements et l'amélioration des performances par le pilotage.The hospital systems are on the top of a reorganisation trend, stimulated by the medical and nursing staff demography control and by the activity rating imposed by the government. One of the strategies recommended is to regroup facilities. In the surgical sector it leads to the creation of a single technical platform (TP). This paper proposes an approach of change management using enterprise modelling tools for design and transfer towards a mutualized structure or for analysis and control of an existing TP. Two reorganization projects illustrate this approach: one concerning organisation targets definition for hospitals on the way of regrouping, the other dealing with dysfunctions identification and performance improvement.

National audience; Dans le cadre de la gestion des ressources humaines du bloc opératoire, un certain nombre de décisions doit être pris afin de permettre la réalisation des interventions dans les meilleures conditions de sécurité, de confort et de coûts. En phase pré-opératoire, une date d’hospitalisation doit être proposée au patient en tenant compte de ses disponibilités, des possibilités du bloc et du service d’hospitalisation. En phase per-opératoire, le personnel doit être présent en nombre suffisant quand une salle d’opérations est ouverte. Les interventions doivent être affectées à une salle d’opérations et un créneau horaire. Cet article présente un modèle et des outils de résolution pour chacune de ces problématiques.

International audience; In practical task scheduling it is sometimes required that the components of a system perform consecutively. Such scheduling is called without no-idle periods. In this paper, we study a particular case of three workshops where the no-idle constraint is applied only on the second stage. A heuristic is proposed and experimented. This work is then extended and tested for a larger size of problems.

International audience; N patients must be planned in an operating theatre over a medium term horizon (one or two weeks). This operating theatre is composed of several operating rooms and of one recovery room where several beds are available. Each patient needs a particular surgical procedure, which defines the human (surgeon) and material (equipment) resources to use and the intervention duration. Additive characteristics must be taken into account: hospitalisation date, intervention deadline, etc. The patient satisfaction and resource efficiency are sought. These two criteria are, respectively, modelled by hospitalisation costs, i.e. the patient stay duration, and the overtime costs, i.e. the resource overloads. We propose to solve this problem in two steps. First, an operating theatre planning is defined. It consists in assigning patients to operating rooms over the horizon. Second, each loaded operating room is scheduled individually in order to synchronise the various human and material resources used. This paper focuses on the first step, i.e. the operating theatre planning, which defines a general assignment problem, i.e. a NP hard problem. In order to solve heuristically this problem, an assignment model with resource capacity and time-window additive constraints is proposed. Integrating most of the constraints in the cost objective function, an extension of the Hungarian method has been developed to calculate the operating theatre planning. This primal–dual heuristic has been successfully experimented on a wide range of problem test data.

International audience

International audience; The three stage no-idle flow-shop configuration, where machines work continuously without idle intervals, is an interesting manufacturing environment in many industries. Few researches have investigated this type of systems. The idle characteristic is a very strong constraint and it affects seriously the value of makespan (C max) criterion. We treat here the scheduling problem of three stage permutation flow-shop configuration with no-idle machines in order to minimise the makespan Full-size image (

International audience; This paper exposes an order allocation model for networks of firms. We assume that networks of firms need e-manufacturing tools to co-ordinate fairly their collaborative activities, and that these tools must both prevent opportunism and enable learning processes within networks. The tool we present aims to calculate satisfying routes for each order, according to antagonist criteria such as resource occupation and knowledge acquisition.

International audience; Nowadays, e-tourism is widely pronounced as a kind of web marketing for tourism businesses. Tourist agencies and tourism service providers are able to access their customers directly in a cost-effective way. In this context, due to the high uncertainty of business using the internet, reputation systems play a key role in e-tourism business. After a literature review, and an analysis of the limits of the existing models, we propose a new reputation evaluation model based on optimisation hidden Markov model with particle swarm optimisation (PSOHMM). In order to apply this algorithm into e-tourism services/products evaluation, a number of experiments are presented. These simulation experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the PSOHMM, and the fact that it is more stable than others algorithm to search quickly optimal solutions and to detect any change in the behaviour of the e-tourism providers.

International audience; As environmental issues become more serious, governments and customers are more sensitive about the environmental impacts which are produced by products. Many methods have been proposed to assess environmental impacts. The interdependent relationship among different lifecycle phases must be considered during the assessment of environmental impacts as the complex network relationship existing in different phases. The network is built on the phenomena that the output of one lifecycle phase may be the input of the other phases. The existing environmental impacts assessment adapts the idea of collecting all the potential data from all the lifecycle phases which is quite time-consuming. With the aim of describing the pollution transfer varied in a phase caused by the mass of materials changed in the lifecycle phases, this paper innovatively proposes a matrix-based approach to depict the interdependent relationship. A case study of printed circuit board production is conducted. The main lifecycle phases are taken into account and the results show that the new approach can more precisely assess the global environmental impacts of different designs.

International audience; Provided that product lifecycle management (PLM) is a complex system, many companies still cannot comprehend the whole amount of PLM benefits due to the lack of a full understanding of PLM functionalities. The present paper stems from an Italian industrial survey. It is aimed to investigate and collect PLM functionalities by studying PLM maturity models and TechnoWare, InforWare, FunctionWare, and OrgaWare (TIFO) framework. This paper also extends TIFO to TIFOS framework by adding SustainWare to achieve long-term maintenance of product lifecycle. AHP methodology is developed to help companies to choose right information in the right context and time by applying the proper functionalities of PLM. A research framework to measure sustainability is also proposed to identify PLM component's sustainability level. The industrial cases conducted in two southern Italy companies prove that specific components of PLM application and business management contribute more to PLM benefits, and OrgaWare and InforWare are the weak points of the proposed framework. Sensitivity and consistent analysis show that the results are robust and accurate.

http://www1.utt.fr/mosim01/pdf/ARTICLE-197.pdf; International audience; L'évolution du contexte économique a remis en question les stratégies manufacturières des entreprises qui se sont trouvées obligées de rationaliser leurs efforts, pour consolider leurs positions sur le marché. Pour ce faire, certaines se sont regroupées en des structures en réseau rendues possibles grâce aux technologies de l'information et de la communication. La dynamique de ces architectures industrielles a intéressé des chercheurs de différentes disciplines. On se propose dans cette communication, de faire le point sur des éléments relatifs à l'étude des structures en réseau, à savoir la modélisation et les chaînes logistiques, pour s'intéresser ensuite de plus près à un modèle coopératif d'entreprise réseau, à sa configuration, sa dynamique et ses mécanismes de prise de décision.

International audience; We study the problem of scheduling N independent jobs in a job-shop environment. Each job must be processed on at most M machines according to individual routes. The objective is to minimise the maximum completion time of the jobs. First, the job-shop problem is reduced to a flow-shop problem with job precedence constraints. Then, an extension of Johnson's rule is defined to solve it. The optimality of the extended Johnson's rule is proved for two machine job-shop problems and the rule efficiency for some three and four machine job-shop problems is shown.

International audience; A primal-dual approach is proposed to solve capacity-constrained production planning problems with variable and fixed costs. Fixed costs are modelled by an assignment sub-problem, variable costs lead to a transportation sub-problem. The principle of resource employments allows us to link the assignment sub-problem with the transportation sub-problem. A primal-dual method is defined to solve these to linked problem which are unified by a transhipment model. The heuristic is specified and its main characteristics are justified. Some experiments allow the reader to judge our approach quality.

International audience; A primal-dual approach is proposed to solve capacity-constrained production planning problems with variable and fixed costs. Fixed costs are modelled by an assignment sub-problem, variable costs lead to a transportation sub-problem. The principle of resource employments allows us to link the assignment sub-problem with the transportation sub-problem. A primal-dual method is defined to solve these to linked problem which are unified by a transhipment model. The heuristic is specified and its main characteristics are justified. Some experiments allow the reader to judge our approach quality.

National audience

Ce groupe s'intéresse à l'organisation et à l'exploitation des systèmes de production. Le système physique de production étant constitué d'un ensemble organisé de ressources techniques et humaines, il s'agit d'élaborer les décisions visant à activer ces ressources au cours du temps en vue de réaliser des produits (biens matériels ou services) et de définir les structures dans le cadre desquelles s'élaborent ces décisions. Les produits sont destinés à satisfaire une demande de la part de clients. Cette demande peut être connue (carnet de commandes) ou estimée. La réalisation des produits nécessite l'approvisionnement en matières premières et en composants qui doivent être commandés à des fournisseurs. Les produits peuvent être discrets (industrie manufacturière), ou hybrides (lots de produits continus). La production peut présenter un caractère plus ou moins répétitif (grande, moyenne ou petite série, unitaire). Ce groupe ne s'intéresse pas à la conception du produit ni à celle des processus et procédés permettant de le réaliser (voir groupe n°6). Il est centré sur le système de décision et d'information permettant de "conduire" le système physique de production dont les moyens, les produits et les procédés sont connus. Le système de décision élabore des ordres internes destinés à déclencher l'activité des ressources (ordre de fabrication, de transport,...) et des ordres externes destinés à l'approvisionnement (ordre d'achat,...). Il peut également élaborer des ordres destinés à des ressources extérieures au système de production (sous-traitance). Il s'appuie pour cela sur un système d'information comprenant notamment: les données commerciales (achats, ventes...), les données techniques (produits, procédés, et ressources,...), les données issues du suivi de la fabrication et de l'approvisionnement (en-cours, stocks, disponibilité des ressources).

International audience

International audience; The problem of scheduling N jobs on M uniform parallel machines is studied. The objective is to minimize the mean tardiness or the weighted sum of tardiness with weights based on jobs, on periods or both. For the mean tardiness criteria in the preemptive case, this problem is NP-hard but good solutions can be calculated with a transportation problem algorithm. In the nonpreemptive case the problem is therefore NP-hard, except for the cases with equal job processing times or with job due dates equal to job processing times. No dominant heuristic is known in the general nonpreemptive case. The author has developed a heuristic to solve the nonpreemptive scheduling problem with unrelated job processing times. Initially, the algorithm calculates a basic solution. Next, it considers the interchanges of job subsets to equal processing time sum interchanging resources (i.e. a machine for a given period). This paper models the scheduling problem. It presents the heuristic and its result quality, solving 576 problems for 18 problem sizes. An application of school timetable scheduling illustrates the use of this heuristic.

Many critical challenges of economic growth in Thailand and high competition among neighbouring countries have resulted in the offshore of foreign direct investments (FDIs). These unwelcome circumstance leads to economic problems in northern provinces, affecting people’s income and social problems. To address the issues associated with FDIs’ potential relocation, divestment or transfer of plant, this paper considers plant as a product of FDIs which needs to be managed to promote sustainability and mitigate the potential impacts of transfer, relocation or divestmenton the local economy. Thus the research aims to provide the necessary tools to assist FDIs within Northern Region Industrial Estate (NRIE), Thailand to become sustainable. An integrated framework is proposed as a tool for FDIs to achieve sustainable plant. The framework is based on three main aspects: 1 finance 2 supply chain and infrastructure 3 worker performance with two levels of analysis; static and dynamic. To validate the knowledge framework, the application of this study is placed upon manufacturers located in NRIE, Lumphun province, Thailand.

International audience; Knowledge-based economy forces Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the same industry to group together as an industry cluster, in order to maintain their competitiveness in the global competition. These companies gain advantages, knowledge and opportunities from being a member of cluster. However, many industry clusters are failed to achieve their goal. Two main key success factors for industry cluster to maintain their competitiveness are collaboration and knowledge sharing among the members. Thus, this study tried to help the industry cluster to improve collaboration and knowledge sharing by adopting the concept of knowledge management. Knowledge Management System (KMS) architecture was proposed for supporting knowledge exchange activities in the cluster by adopting the concept of knowledge card and knowledge modelling technique. For our case study, we selected a ceramic cluster in Thailand to demonstrate the scenario of knowledge exchanging in the cluster.

International audience; Disaster Management has received a lot of attention over the last twenty years, and can now be considered a full research area. But a gap exists between research work proposals and their applications on the field. This is particularly true regarding quantitative approaches. One of the main issues is that the scenarios used to design and validate the proposals are often not accurate and/or too simple compared to the complexity of real situations. Designing realistic scenarios is of prime importance to be able to propose relevant quantitative models which could be implemented by practitioners. This paper tackles this problem by proposing a structured methodology which aims at defining realistic disaster scenarios. The case of earthquakes management in Peru is used to illustrate the consistency of our proposal.

International audience

International audience

International audience; The aim of this paper is to address the dial-a-ride problem with heterogeneous users in which the vehicle capacity can be modified en-route by reconfiguring its internal layout. The work is motivated by the daily transport of children with disabilities performed by a private company based in Lyon Métropole, France. Every day, a fleet of configurable vehicles is available to transport children to medico-social establishments. The objective of this work is then to help route planners with the fleet dimensioning and take reconfiguration opportunities into consideration in the design of routes. Due to the number of passengers and vehicles, real-size instances are intractable for mix-integer programing solvers and exact solution methods. Thus, a large neighborhood search meta-heuristic combined with a set covering component is proposed. The resulting framework is evaluated on real life instances from the transport company.