446 results on '"Bonitz, Michael"'
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402. Kinetic Equations and Fluctuations in Nonideal Gases and Plasmas
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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403. Equations of State for Strongly Coupled Partially Ionized Plasmas
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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404. Plasma Bound States in Grand Canonical and Mixed Representations
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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405. Coulomb Correlations and EOS of Nondegenerate Nonideal Plasmas
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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406. Hopping Kinetics, Quantum Dynamics and Transport
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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407. Transport Properties of Quark–Gluon Plasmas
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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408. Physics of Dense Gases, Nonideal Plasmas, and High Energy Density Matter
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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409. Coulomb Systems. Screening and Ionization Problems
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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410. Strong Correlations and Equation of State of Dense Gases
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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411. Applications to Matter with High Energy Density
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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412. Simulations of Gas-, Liquid-, and Crystal-Like States of Coulomb Systems
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Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., Filinov, Vladimir, Bonitz, Michael, Series editor, Neu, Rudolf, Series editor, Nozaki, Tomohiro, Series editor, Ongena, Jozef, Series editor, Takabe, Hideaki, Series editor, Chen, Liu, Series editor, Ebeling, Werner, Fortov, Vladimir E., and Filinov, Vladimir
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- 2017
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413. Dental Applications of Atmospheric-Pressure Non-Thermal Plasmas
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Zhu, WeiDong, Becker, Kurt, Pan, Jie, Zhang, Jue, Fang, Jing, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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414. Plasma Electrochemistry: A Novel Chemical Process for the Synthesis and Assembly of Nanomaterials
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Lee, Seung Whan, Sankaran, R. Mohan, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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415. Progress in Large-Scale Ozone Generation Using Microplasmas
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Lopez, Jose, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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416. Microcavity and Microchannel Plasmas: General Characteristics and Emerging Applications
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Eden, J. Gary, Park, Sung-Jin, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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417. Surface Electrons at Plasma Walls
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Heinisch, Rafael Leslie, Bronold, Franz Xaver, Fehske, Holger, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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418. Fundamental and Applied Studies of Molecular Plasmas Using Infrared Absorption Techniques
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Röpcke, J., Davies, P. B., van Helden, J. H., Hübner, M., Lang, N., Welzel, S., Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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419. Calorimetric Probes for Energy Flux Measurements in Process Plasmas
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Bornholdt, Sven, Fröhlich, Maik, Kersten, Holger, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
- Published
- 2014
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420. Characterization of Local Structures in Plasma Deposited Semiconductors by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
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Sahiner, M. Alper, Drake, Gordon W. F., Editor-in-chief, Bandrauk, Andre D., Series editor, Bartschat, Klaus, Series editor, Becker, Uwe, Series editor, Burke, Philip George, Series editor, Compton, Robert N, Series editor, Flannery, M. R., Series editor, Joachain, Charles J., Series editor, Lambropoulos, Peter, Series editor, Leuchs, Gerd, Series editor, Meystre, Pierre, Series editor, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Lopez, Jose, editor, Becker, Kurt, editor, and Thomsen, Hauke, editor
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- 2014
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421. X-Ray Diagnostics of Plasma-Deposited Thin Layers
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Wulff, Harm, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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422. The Use of Nonthermal Plasmas in Environmental Applications
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Becker, Kurt H., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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423. Principles of Transport in Multicomponent Plasmas
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Kaganovich, Igor D., Franklin, Raoul N., Demidov, Vladimir I., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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424. Complex (Dusty) Plasmas: Application in Material Processing and Tools for Plasma Diagnostics
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Kersten, Holger, Wolter, Matthias, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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425. Nonthermal Reactive Plasmas
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Meichsner, Jürgen, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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426. Kinetic and Diagnostic Studies of Molecular Plasmas Using Laser Absorption Techniques
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Röpcke, Jürgen, Engeln, Richard, Schram, Daan, Rousseau, Antoine, Davies, Paul B., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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427. Formation and Deposition of Nanosize Particles on Surfaces
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Hippler, Rainer, Bhattacharyya, Satya R., Smirnov, Boris M., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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428. PIC–MCC Simulations of Capacitive High-Frequency Discharge Dynamics with Nanoparticles
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Schweigert, Irina V., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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429. Structure and Dynamics of Finite Dust Clusters
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Melzer, André, Block, Dietmar, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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430. Imaging Diagnostics in Dusty Plasmas
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Block, Dietmar, Melzer, André, Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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431. Quantum Effects in Plasma Dielectric Response: Plasmons and Shielding in Normal Systems and Graphene
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Horing, Norman J. M., Bonitz, Michael, editor, Horing, Norman, editor, and Ludwig, Patrick, editor
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- 2010
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432. Ab initio quantum Monte Carlo simulation of the warm dense electron gas
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Bonitz, Michael [Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany] (ORCID:0000000179110656)
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- 2017
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433. Role of confinements on the melting of Wigner molecules in quantum dots.
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Bhattacharya, Dyuti, Filinov, Alexei V., Ghosal, Amit, and Bonitz, Michael
- Subjects
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MELTING points , *MOLECULES , *QUANTUM dots , *NANOSTRUCTURED materials , *HETEROSTRUCTURES , *SEMICONDUCTORS - Abstract
We explore the stability of a Wigner molecule (WM) formed in confinements with different geometries emulating the role of disorder and analyze the melting (or crossover) of such a system. Building on a recent calculation [D. Bhattacharya, A. Ghosal, Eur. Phys. J. B 86, 499 (2013)] that discussed the effects of irregularities on the thermal crossover in classical systems, we expand our studies in the untested territory by including both the effects of quantum fluctuations and of disorder. Our results, using classical and quantum (path integral) Monte Carlo techniques, unfold complementary mechanisms that drive the quantum and thermal crossovers in a WM and show that the symmetry of the confinement plays no significant role in determining the quantum crossover scale n. This is because the zero-point motion screens the boundary effects within short distances. The phase diagram as a function of thermal and quantum fluctuations determined from independent criteria is unique, and shows 'melting' from the WM to both the classical and quantum 'liquids'. An intriguing signature of weakening liquidity with increasing temperature, T, is found in the extreme quantum regime. The crossover is associated with production of defects. However, these defects appear to play distinct roles in driving the quantum and thermal 'melting'. Our analyses carry serious implications for a variety of experiments on many-particle systems − semiconductor heterostructure quantum dots, trapped ions, nanoclusters, colloids and complex plasma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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434. Heat transport in confined strongly coupled two-dimensional dust clusters
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Bonitz, Michael [Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel (Germany)]
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- 2013
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435. Laser heating of finite two-dimensional dust clusters: A. Experiments
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Bonitz, Michael [Institut fuer Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel (Germany)]
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- 2012
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436. Two-photon ionization of helium studied with the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree-Fock method
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Bonitz, Michael [Institut fuer Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, D-24098 Kiel (Germany)]
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- 2011
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437. Konfigurations-Pfadintegral-Monte-Carlo: Ab-initio-Simulationen von Fermionen im Bereich warmer, dichter Materie
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Schoof, Tim, Bonitz, Michael, and Pehlke, Eckhard
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Abschlussarbeit ,homogeneous electron gas ,finite temperatures ,warme dichte Materie ,Quanten-Monte-Carlo, Pfadintegral, Fermionen, warme dichte Materie, endliche Temperaturen, homogenes Elektronengas, harmonischer Oszillator, Matsubara-Green-Funktion ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences ,Fermionen ,doctoral thesis ,Pfadintegral ,warm dense matter ,harmonic oscillator ,Matsubara Green function ,quantum Monte Carlo path integral ,homogenes Elektronengas ,quantum Monte Carlo path integral, fermions, warm dense matter, finite temperatures, homogeneous electron gas, harmonic oscillator, Matsubara Green function ,fermions ,harmonischer Oszillator ,Matsubara-Green-Funktion ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,endliche Temperaturen ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,Quanten-Monte-Carlo - Abstract
Recent advances in warm dense matter physics, e.g. laser compressed matter, lead to an increasing interest in the description of correlated, degenerate electrons at finite temperatures. Path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) methods cannot correctly describe weakly to moderately coupled and strongly degenerate Fermi systems due to the so-called fermion sign problem. The Configuration Path Integral Monte Carlo (CPIMC) approach greatly reduces the sign problem and allows for the exact computation of thermodynamic properties in this regime. In addition, the first successful implementation of the diagrammatic worm algorithm for a general Hamiltonian in Fock space with arbitrary pair interactions gives direct access to the Matsubara Green function. This thesis demonstrates the capabilities of the CPIMC approach for a model system of Coulomb interacting fermions in a two-dimensional harmonic trap. The correctness of the CPIMC implementation is verified by rigorous comparisons with an exact diagonalization method. Benchmark results are presented, which reveal large errors of the Hartree-Fock approximation in open shell configurations even for weak coupling and a significant deviation of multi-level blocking PIMC data in the complete basis set limit. The application of the CPIMC method to the warm dense homogeneous electron gas (HEG) quantifies the accuracy of recently published restricted PIMC (RPIMC) results, which have been the basis for the construction of exchange-correlation free energy functionals to be used in finite-temperature density functional theory calculations of warm dense matter. It is shown that the errors of the RPIMC data exceed 10 % at intermediate densities. Additionally, highly accurate data for the exchange-correlation energy at high densities, which are inaccessible by the RPIMC method, are provided. These results are needed to significantly increase the quality of future exchange-correlation functionals to be used in finite-temperature applications. Auf Grund großer Fortschritte im Bereich warmer, dichter Materie, wie z.B. Laser-Kompression, ist die genaue Beschreibung korrelierter, entarteter Elektronen bei endlichen Temperaturen von wachsender Bedeutung. Pfadintegral-Monte-Carlo (PIMC) Methoden können schwach bis moderat gekoppelte und stark entartete Fermionen auf Grund des sogenannten fermionischen Vorzeichenproblems nicht korrekt beschreiben. Der Konfigurations-Pfadintegral-Monte-Carlo (CPIMC) Ansatz reduziert das Vorzeichenproblem und erlaubt die exakte Berechnung thermodynamischer Eigenschaften in diesem Bereich. Die erste erfolgreiche Implementierung des diagrammatischen Wurmalgorithmus für einen allgemeinen Hamiltonoperator im Fockraum mit beliebiger Paarwechselwirkung ermöglicht den direkten Zugriff auf die Matsubara-Green-Funktion. Diese Arbeit demonstriert die Fähigkeiten des CPIMC Ansatzes für ein Modellsystem aus Coulomb-wechselwirkenden Fermionen in einer 2D harmonischen Falle. Die Korrektheit der CPIMC-Implementierung wird durch Vergleiche mit einer exakten Diagonalisierungsmethode verifiziert. Die präsentierten Benchmark-Ergebnisse belegen große Fehler der Hartree-Fock-Näherung für Systeme mit offenen Schalen schon bei geringen Wechselwirkungsstärken und eine signifikante Abweichung von Multi-Level-Blocking-PIMC-Daten im Limes einer vollständigen Basis. Die Anwendung der CPIMC-Methode auf das warme, dichte homogene Elektronengas (HEG) erbringt den Nachweis von systematischen Ungenauigkeiten von vor Kurzem veröffentlichen Restricted-PIMC (RPIMC) Ergebnissen. Die relativen Abweichungen der RPIMC-Daten zu den exakten CPIMC-Resultaten bei mittleren Dichten übersteigen 10%. Die in dieser Arbeit erzeugten, äußerst genauen Ergebnisse für die Austauschkorrelationsenergie bei hohen Dichten, welche unzugänglich für die RPIMC-Methode sind, können helfen, die Genauigkeit von zukünftigen Austauschkorrelationsfunktionalen für die Dichtefunktionaltheorie bei endlichen Temperaturen signifikant zu erhöhen.
- Published
- 2017
438. Nichtgleichgewichts-Greenfunktionen - Näherungsmethoden für die Selbstenergie
- Author
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Hermanns, Sebastian, Bonitz, Michael, and Pehlke, Eckhard
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functions ,Nichtgleichgewicht Greenfunktionen Selbstenergie ,Abschlussarbeit ,nonequilibrium ,nonequilibrium Green functions selfenergy ,Selbstenergie ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences ,Greenfunktionen ,doctoral thesis ,Nichtgleichgewicht ,Green ,selfenergy ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät - Abstract
The framework of nonequilibrium Green functions is developed to accurately describe interacting quantum systems evolving in the presence of strongly exciting ultra-fast fields. At its core stands the selfconsistent determination of the selfenergy, a functional of the single-particle Green function, which incorporates all relevant many-body physics. The single-particle Green function is the solution of a coupled set of kinetic equations. Its intrinsic dependence on two independent time-arguments, ranging over the complete past of the system, not only enables the determination of all single-particle observables but also provides access to important two-particle observables and spectral information. With this coupling to the history, though, comes the practical necessity to apply physically motivated approximation techniques to the structure of the selfenergy and the Green functions, to achieve numerical tractability. This thesis is devoted to provide a thorough overview of the possible approximation techniques including perturbative and non-perturbative approaches. Starting from the exact coupled set of equations of motion for the Green functions, the expressions for all selfenergy approximations are derived in the most general basis representation and the special cases of a diagonal basis and the Hubbard basis with scalar interaction. In the second part of this thesis, the quality of the selfenergy approximations to describe time-dependent as well as ground-state properties of interacting systems is tested. A special focus lies on fermionic Hubbard nano-clusters, where the effect of the interaction strength and the filling factor on the performance of the approximations is studied. Das Rahmenkonzept der Nichtgleichgewichts-Greenfunktionen wurde zur akkuraten Beschreibung der Zeitentwicklung wechselwirkender Quantensysteme in stark anregenden ultra-schnellen Feldern entwickelt. Im Zentrum steht die selbstkonsistente Bestimmung der Selbstenergie, einem Funktional der Einteilchen-Greenfunktion, welche die gesamte relevante Vielteilchen-Physik beschreibt. Die Einteilchen-Greenfunktion ist als Lösung eines Satzes von kinetischen Gleichungen gegeben. Ihre intrinsische Abhängigkeit von zwei unabhängigen Zeitargumenten, welche sich über die gesamte Vergangenheit des Systems erstrecken, ermöglicht nicht nur die Bestimmung jeglicher Einteilchen-Observablen sondern erlaubt auch Zugriff auf wichtige Zweiteilchen-Größen sowie spektrale Informationen. Mit dieser Kopplung an die Vergangenheit geht jedoch die Notwendigkeit einher, physikalisch motivierte Näherungen an die Struktur der Greenfunktionen und der Selbstenergie zu machen, um eine sinnvolle numerische Lösbarkeit zu erreichen. Die Thesis will eine gründlichen Überblick über die möglichen perturbativen als auch nicht-perturbativen Approximations-Strategien geben. Ausgehend von dem exakten Satz von gekoppelten Bewegungsgleichungen für die Greenfunktionen werden die Ausdrücke für die Selbstenergie-Näherungen in der allgemeinsten Basis und den Spezialfällen einer diagonalen und der Hubbard-Basis mit skalarer Wechselwirkung hergeleitet. Im zweiten Teil dieser Thesis wird die Qualität der Beschreibung zeitabhängiger und Grundzustands-Eigenschaften durch die Selbstenergie-Näherungen in wechselwirkenden Systemen untersucht. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf dem Effekt der Wechselwirkungsstärke und des Füllfaktors in fermionischen Hubbard Nano-Verbünden auf die Qualität der Näherungen.
- Published
- 2016
439. Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations of Cluster Growth in Magnetron Plasmas
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Fujioka, Kenji, Bonitz, Michael, and Wolf, Sebastian
- Subjects
doctoral thesis ,Abschlussarbeit ,kinetic Monte Carlo, Monte Carlo, cluster, magnetron, plasma, nanoparticle ,nanoparticle ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,magnetron ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,cluster ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences ,Monte Carlo ,kinetic Monte Carlo ,plasma - Abstract
The present thesis is focused on the growth and development of nano-sized clusters in magnetron cluster sources with an emphasis on how these particles can be modeled through kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. In developing our kinetic Monte Carlo model, we find that standard kinetic Monte Carlo methods are insufficient to accurately capture the full dynamics of the system. We therefore develop a variation to standard kinetic Monte Carlo algorithms that allows for the fluctuating of background conditions to be taken into account. This new variation is analyzed and tested to ensure its agreement with standard methods and is shown to better capture the variability of process rates within the system. Throughout our analysis we focus on the cluster size distribution. Results of the model are examined for the effect of parameter variations to gain insight into how the various processes affect cluster growth. We compare results with an experimental study and find that the developed model can accurately reproduce the size distributions of emitted clusters. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Wachstum von Nanometer großen Clustern in Magnetron-Clusterquellen, wobei der Fokus darauf liegt, wie die Teilchenerzeugung mit Hilfe der kinetischen Monte-Carlo-Methode simuliert werden kann. Während wir unser kinetisches Monte-Carlo-Modell entwerfen, stellen wir fest, dass es mit Standardalgorithmen der kinetischen Monte-Carlo-Methode nicht möglich ist, die volle Dynamik des Systems korrekt zu beschreiben. Deshalb entwickeln wir eine Variante der Standardalgorithmen, welche es erlaubt, fluktuierende Hintergrundbedingungen zu berücksichtigen. Diese neue Variante wird analysiert und getestet, um ihre Übereinstimmung mit den etablierten Zugängen zu zeigen. Außerdem wird gezeigt, dass sie die Veränderlichkeit der Prozess-Raten im System besser erfasst. Das Hauptaugenmerk all dieser Untersuchungen liegt auf der Clustergrößenverteilung. Die Ergebnisse der Modellierung werden im Hinblick darauf untersucht, wie sich durch Parametervariation der Einfluss der verschiedenen Prozesse auf das Clusterwachstum verstehen lässt. Zudem vergleichen wir die Ergebnisse mit experimentellen Untersuchungen und stellen fest, dass sich das entwickelte Modell eignet, um die Größenverteilungen emittierter Cluster genau zu beschreiben.
- Published
- 2015
440. Schmelzprozesse und Laseranregung von stark gekoppelten Yukawa-Plasmen
- Author
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Thomsen, Hauke, Bonitz, Michael, and Kersten, Holger
- Subjects
Unordnung ,Yukawa Bälle ,disordering ,melting ,Coulomb balls ,komplexe Plasmen ,Abschlussarbeit ,phase transitions, dust, complex plasma, disordering, melting, Coulomb balls, Yukawa balls, strong coupling ,Phasenübergänge, Staub, komplexe Plasmen, Unordnung, Schmelzen, Coulomb Bälle, Yukawa Bälle, starke Kopplung ,Yukawa balls ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences ,phase transitions ,doctoral thesis ,Staub ,strong coupling ,starke Kopplung ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,dust ,Phasenübergänge ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,Schmelzen ,complex plasma ,Coulomb Bälle - Abstract
The thesis at hand is devoted to the melting processes in spherical dust crystals and mechanisms for the selective heating of the dust particles. The observed dust crystals are composed of micrometer-sized plastic spheres, which become negatively charged inside an rf-plasma, and are therefore subject to strong (screened) Coulomb interactions. In a three-dimensional harmonic confinement potential, so-called Coulomb or Yukawa balls are formed. These ``artificial atoms'' consist of nested spherical shells even at room temperature. In addition to the radial order, the melting process of these three-dimensional shell structures involves the loss of the relative orientation of the shells to each other and the specific arrangement of the dust particles within a shell. For the investigation of the multi-stage melting process of Yukawa balls, classical Monte Carlo simulations are applied. In order to cover a broad temperature range, the so-called parallel tempering method has been implemented which allows exchanges between system replicas at different temperatures. The first topical part of this work is the development of appropriate melting criteria for finite dust clusters that make it possible to resolve different melting processes. For this purpose, the center-two-particle distribution function and the triple-correlation function are introduced. These quantities describe the distributions of particle pairs and triples, respectively, in generalized coordinates. The coordinates are adjusted to the spherical symmetry of the confined Yukawa systems. As a measure of the degree of order in such a distribution, a reduced entropy Sn is introduced, which generalizes the concept of the thermodynamic Boltzmann entropy to pair and three-particle distributions. The application of this quantity allows a systematic analysis of the multi-level structural transitions in the studied dust crystals. In particular the intra-shell order within the spherical shells are proved to be highly stable. The second main topic of this thesis deals with the selective heating of two-dimensional, planar dust crystals by means of moving laser spots. In order to characterize the properties of the considered heating method, Langevin molecular dynamics (LMD) simulations are performed, in which the radiation pressure of the laser is used as an additional, time-dependent force acting on the dust particles. In addition to the laser power, other parameters such as the spot size or the speed at which the spots are moved through the cluster have a significant influence on the heating power. A simple analytical model is presented, which allows for an estimation of the resulting dust temperature in dependence on the parameters of the laser heating. In the final part of the thesis at hand, a realistic experimental setup is considered in which the central part of the dust cluster is selectively heated. The particular temperature profiles obtained in the LMD simulations allow for conclusions about the radial thermal conductivity. The presented quantities are well suited for experimental applications since they are based only on the positions and velocities of the particles which are accessible in experiments. The thermal conductivity does not show any dependency on the dust temperature over wide ranges. At the same time, already a relatively weak perpendicular magnetic field is found to reduce the thermal conductivity. Die vorliegende Dissertation behandelt Schmelzprozesse in sphärischen Staubkristallen sowie Mechanismen zur Staubheizung. Die betrachteten Staubkristalle setzen sich aus mikrometergroßen Plastikkügelchen zusammen, die sich in einem rf-Plasma negativ aufladen und daher einer starken (abgeschirmten) Coulomb-Wechselwirkung unterliegen. In dreidimensionalen harmonischen Fallenpotentialen formen sich sogenannte Coulomb- oder Yukawa-Balls. Diese ``künstlichen Atome'' bestehen bei Raumtemperatur aus ineinander geschachtelten Kugelschalen. Bei der Analyse der Schmelzübergänge wird zwischen der radialen Ordnung, der relativen Orientierung der Schalen zueinander, sowie der Anordnung der Staubteilchen innerhalb einer Schale unterschieden. Zur Untersuchung des mehrstufigen Schmelzprozesses der Staubkristalle werden klassische Monte Carlo Simulationsverfahren implementiert. Um weite Temperaturbereiche berücksichtigen zu können, wird die sogenannte Parallel-Tempering-Methode verwendet, die einen Austausch zwischen den Teilchenkonfigurationen bei verschiedenen Temperaturen ermöglicht. Den ersten Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit stellt die Entwicklung geeigneter Schmelzkriterien für finite Staubcluster dar, die es ermöglichen, die verschiedenen Schmelzprozesse detailliert aufzulösen und zu analysieren. Zu diesem Zweck werden die „Center-Two-Particle“ Verteilungsfunktion und die „Triple-Correlation Function“ eingeführt. Diese einführten Größen beschreiben die Verteilungen von Teilchenpaaren und -tripeln in generalisierten Koordinaten, welche an die sphärische Symmetrie der finiten Cluster angepasst sind. Als ein Maß für den Grad der Ordnung in einer solchen Verteilung wird eine reduzierte Entropie Sn eingeführt, die in ihrer Form der thermodynamischen Boltzmann-Entropie sehr ähnlich ist. Mit ihrer Hilfe können mehrstufige Strukturübergänge in den untersuchten Staubkristallen systematisch analysiert werden. Dabei stellt sich insbesondere die Ordnung innerhalb der Schalen als außerordentlich stabil heraus. Der zweite Themenkomplex dieser Arbeit ist der gezielten Heizung von zweidimensionalen, ebenen Staubkristallen mit Hilfe von bewegten Laserspots gewidmet. Um die Eigenschaften der einzelnen Heizmethoden zu charakterisieren, werden Langevin Molekulardynamik Simulationen durchgeführt, in denen der Strahlungsdruck der Laser als zusätzliche, zeitabhängige Kraft auf die Staubteilchen berücksichtigt wurde. Umfangreiche Parameterscans zeigen, dass neben der Leistung des Lasers auch Parameter wie die Spotgröße oder die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Spots durch den Cluster bewegt werden, erheblichen Einfluss auf die Heizleistung haben. Des weiteren wird ein einfaches analytisches Modell vorgestellt, das es erlaubt, die resultierende Staubtemperatur in Abhängigkeit von den Parametern der Laserheizung abzuschätzen. Im abschließenden Teil dieser Arbeit wird eine konkrete Versuchsanordnung betrachtet, in der selektiv der zentrale Bereich des Staubclusters geheizt wird. Das in den Simulationen bestimmte Temperaturprofil läßt Rückschlüsse auf die radiale Wärmeleitfähigkeit zu. Die verwendeten Methoden beruhen ausschließlich auf den Positionen und Geschwindigkeiten der Teilchen, die auch in Experimenten zugänglich sind. Während die Wärmeleitfähigkeit über weite Bereiche keine Abhängigkeit von der Staubtemperatur erkennen läßt, ist bereits ein relativ schwaches, senkrecht zur Clusterebene angelegtes Magnetfeld geeignet, die Wärmeleitfähigkeit zu reduzieren.
- Published
- 2015
441. Suprafluidität und Korrelationen in Systemen aus Indirekten Exzitonen
- Author
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Böning, Jens, Bonitz, Michael, and Filinov, Alexei
- Subjects
Abschlussarbeit ,crystallization ,numerische Simulation ,Suprafluidität, Kristallisation, numerische Simulation, Monte-Carlo Methode, indirekte Exzitonen, 2D System, Phasenübergang ,Phasenübergang ,indirekte Exzitonen ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences ,Monte-Carlo method ,Suprafluidität ,Monte-Carlo Methode ,phase transitions ,spatially indirect excitons ,2D system ,doctoral thesis ,superfluidity ,numerical simulation ,Kristallisation ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,superfluidity, crystallization, numerical simulation, Monte-Carlo method, spatially indirect excitons, 2D system, phase transitions - Abstract
Semiconductors feature two types of charge carriers, electrons and holes. These may bind in a meta-stable, hydrogen-like boson called exciton. A large number of excitons may populate the same state below a critical temperature (Bose-Einstein condensate). This work studies indirect excitons created from spatially separated electrons and holes. The model uses an effective interaction which incorporates effects encountered in realistic experimental setups. Predictions for the many-body system are based on first principle Path Integral Monte-Carlo simulations. The phase diagram exhibits two quantum phase transitions from solid to superfluid confining the solid phase to a finite density interval. The low-density boundary agrees to the behavior of polarized dipoles while the other is usually encountered in Coulomb systems. The transitions coincide at a critical dipole moment below which the solid cannot exist. Both superfluid and solid exist only at low temperatures. In Halbleitern existieren zwei Ladungsträgerarten, Elektronen und Löcher. Diese können einen metastabilen, Wasserstoff-ähnlichen, bosonischen Zustand bilden, ein Exziton. Eine große Anzahl Exzitonen kann unterhalb einer kritischen Temperatur das gleiche Energieniveau bevölkern (Bose-Einstein-Kondensat). Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit indirekten Exzitonen, gebildet aus räumlich getrennten Elektronen und Löchern. Das Modell nutzt dazu eine effektive Wechselwirkung, das auch Effekte berücksichtigt wie sie in tatsächlichen Experimenten auftreten. Vorhersagen für das Viel-Teilchen System stützen sich auf „first principle“ Pfadintegral Monte-Carlo Simulationen. Das Phasendiagram zeigt zwei isothermale fest-suprafluid Übergänge, die die feste Phase auf ein endliches Dichteintervall einschliessen. Die Grenze bei niedriger Dichte lässt sich aus dem Verhalten von polarisierten Dipolen ableiten, während die andere typischerweise in Coulombsystemen auftritt. Die Übergänge fallen bei einem kritischen Dipolmoment zusammen unterhalb dessen die feste Phase nicht existiert. Suprafluide und feste Phase existieren nur bei tiefen Temperaturen.
- Published
- 2011
442. Dynamics of a Spherically Confined Yukawa Plasma: Shell Formation and Collective Excitations
- Author
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Kählert, Hanno, Bonitz, Michael, Löwen, Hartmut, and Dufty, James W.
- Subjects
doctoral thesis ,strongly coupled plasma, dusty plasma, Yukawa ball, normal modes ,Abschlussarbeit ,dusty plasma ,Yukawa ball ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,normal modes ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,strongly coupled plasma ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Abstract
The dynamics of spherical dust crystals created in a gaseous plasma (so-called "Yukawa Balls") is investigated by means of first-principle simulations and an analytic "cold-fluid" theory. The analysis focuses on the dynamic formation of the characteristic shell structure and the collective excitations in the strongly coupled liquid state. It is based on a model of charged particles with screened Coulomb (Yukawa) interaction confined in an isotropic harmonic trap. The emergence of the shell structure in spherically confined plasmas is analyzed by time-resolved Langevin dynamics and thermodynamic Monte Carlo simulations. The former are used to cool a Yukawa Ball from a weakly coupled initial state to a strongly coupled final state. In this scenario, shell formation generally begins at the outer plasma edge, but the screening parameter strongly determines the time for the formation of the shells inside the cluster. Monte Carlo simulations are then used to study other trapping potentials. It is found that the process can be initiated inside the plasma if the confinement is modified such that the particles cannot enter the inner region of the trap. The second main topic concerns the collective modes of Yukawa Balls in the strongly coupled liquid phase. They are studied analytically by solving the linearized fluid equations for a cold plasma. In this "cold-fluid" theory, the mode spectrum of Yukawa Balls is fully characterized by three mode numbers and a single parameter describing the effective range of the interaction potential. Since the cold-fluid theory is based on the mean-field approximation and does not account for thermal effects, its results are compared with mode spectra from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The comparison shows that the cold-fluid theory accurately describes the low-order modes in systems with weak to moderate screening. Larger deviations, however, are observed for the high-order modes and in the strong screening regime. The MD simulations of strongly coupled Yukawa Balls further contain additional low-frequency excitations that are not predicted by the cold-fluid theory. Both the cold-fluid theory and the MD simulations yield additional insights into the properties of the "breathing mode" in a confined Yukawa plasma and thereby complement existing results in the literature.
- Published
- 2011
443. Structure and dynamics of Yukawa balls
- Author
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Baumgartner, Henning, Bonitz, Michael, Duschl, Wolfgang J., Block, Dietmar, and Kersten, Holger
- Subjects
doctoral thesis ,Coulomb balls ,Abschlussarbeit ,Coulomb balls, Yukawa balls, dusty plasma ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,dusty plasma ,Yukawa balls ,Staubige Plasmen ,ddc:530 ,ddc:5XX ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Abstract
Dissertation on the structure, in detail the shell configurations for different screenings, and dynamics, especially the structural transitions due temperature effects, of Yukawa balls, a special system of dust particles in a plasma.
- Published
- 2009
444. Ab Initio Quantum Monte Carlo Simulation of the Warm Dense Electron Gas in the Thermodynamic Limit.
- Author
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Dornheim, Tobias, Groth, Simon, Sjostrom, Travis, Malone, Fionn D., Foulkes, W. M. C., and Bonitz, Michael
- Subjects
- *
MONTE Carlo method , *ELECTRON gas , *FREE energy (Thermodynamics) - Abstract
We perform ab initio quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of the warm dense uniform electron gas in the thermodynamic limit. By combining QMC data with the linear response theory, we are able to remove finite-size errors from the potential energy over the substantial parts of the warm dense regime, overcoming the deficiencies of the existing finite-size corrections by Brown et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 146405 (2013)]. Extensive new QMC results for up to N = 1000 electrons enable us to compute the potential energy V and the exchange-correlation free energy Fxc of the macroscopic electron gas with an unprecedented accuracy of |ΔV|/|V|,|ΔFxc|/|F|xc~10-3. A comparison of our new data to the recent parametrization of Fxc by Karasiev et al. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
445. Ab-initio-Berechnung von Transporteigenschaften von warmer dichter Materie
- Author
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French, Martin, Redmer, Ronald, Bonitz, Michael, Hermann, Andreas, and Universität Rostock. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät.
- Subjects
530 Physics ,ddc:530 - Abstract
Diese kumulative Habilitationsschrift berichtet über aktuelle Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Berechnung von Transporteigenschaften von warmer dichter Materie mithilfe von Dichtefunktionaltheorie und Molekulardynamiksimulationen. Nach einer Einführung in das Forschungsthema werden zunächst die theoretischen Grundlagen einschließlich der Linearen Response-Theorie vorgestellt. Im Anschluss werden die entsprechenden Beiträge von Elektronen und Ionen zur elektrischen Leitfähigkeit, Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Viskosität anhand von verschiedenen Beispielmaterialien ausgewertet und diskutiert., This cumulative habilitation thesis reports on recent advances in the field of calculating transport properties of warm dense matter with density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. Following an introduction into the research topic, the theoretical basics, including linear response theory, are presented. Then respective contributions of electrons and ions to the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of several example materials are evaluated and discussed.
446. Ion-Induced Surface Charge Dynamics in Freestanding Monolayers of Graphene and MoS_{2} Probed by the Emission of Electrons.
- Author
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Niggas A, Schwestka J, Balzer K, Weichselbaum D, Schlünzen N, Heller R, Creutzburg S, Inani H, Tripathi M, Speckmann C, McEvoy N, Susi T, Kotakoski J, Gan Z, George A, Turchanin A, Bonitz M, Aumayr F, and Wilhelm RA
- Abstract
We compare the ion-induced electron emission from freestanding monolayers of graphene and MoS_{2} to find a sixfold higher number of emitted electrons for graphene even though both materials have similar work functions. An effective single-band Hubbard model explains this finding by a charge-up in MoS_{2} that prevents low energy electrons from escaping the surface within a period of a few femtoseconds after ion impact. We support these results by measuring the electron energy distribution for correlated pairs of electrons and transmitted ions. The majority of emitted primary electrons have an energy below 10 eV and are therefore subject to the dynamic charge-up effects at surfaces.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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