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401. Redox-active organics/polypyrrole composite as a cycle-stable cathode for Li ion batteries.

Author

Deng, W.W., Shen, Y.F., Liang, X.M., Feng, J.W., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*LITHIUM-ion batteries, *OXIDATION-reduction reaction, *POLYPYRROLE, *POLYMERIC composites, *STORAGE battery electrodes, *CHEMICAL synthesis, *PERYLENE
Abstract

A high capacity and cycle-stable organic molecule/polymer composite is synthesized by physical doping of redox-active perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxydiimide (PTCDI) in polypyrrole (PPy). The as-prepared PTCDI/PPy composite demonstrates a synergistic electrochemical activation, in which the insoluble large PTCDI anions act as a redox-active dopant to activate the PPy backbones, while the activated PPy backbones form a conductive network to promote the redox activity of PTCDI molecules for Li insertion/extraction reactions. As a result, the PTCDI/PPy composite demonstrated a considerably high reversible capacity of >100 mAh g −1 and a stable cyclability with 92% capacity retention over 200 cycles, possibly serving as a low cost and renewable alternative to the inorganic cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Since such a physical doping method is simple and easily adoptable for different organic molecules and polymers, it may offer a new route for developing low cost and electrochemically active organic electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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402. Synthesis, structural and physical properties of ScMn2O4

Author

Wang, L., Shi, Y.G., Chen, Z., Qin, Y.B., Tian, H.F., Ma, C., Yang, H.X., and Belik, A.A.

Subjects
*CHEMICAL synthesis, *PROPERTIES of matter, *SCANDIUM compounds, *TETRAHEDRAL coordinates, *IONS, *HEAT capacity, *SPECTRUM analysis
Abstract

Abstract: A new inverse spinel ScMn2O4 has been synthesized and characterized by measurements of structural and physical properties. The crystal structure of ScMn2O4, similar with the spinel Mn3O4, is made up of Mn2+ located at tetrahedral site and Mn3+/Sc3+ ions randomly located at the octahedral site. Experimental results of magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity demonstrate that ScMn2O4 undergoes a ferrimagnetic phase transition at the temperature of about 58K. Extensive analyses on the data obtained from structural refinement, electronic structural calculation and EELS spectra measurement suggests that substitution of Sc for Mn in MnO6 octahedron could greatly suppress Jahn–Teller distortions in comparison with what observed in Mn3O4. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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403. n-Dopable polythiophenes as high capacity anode materials for all-organic Li-ion batteries

Author

Zhu, L.M., Shi, W., Zhao, R.R., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., Lei, A.W., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*POLYTHIOPHENES, *ELECTROCHEMICAL electrodes, *LITHIUM-ion batteries, *STORAGE batteries, *CARBON composites, *OXIDATION-reduction reaction, *CHEMICAL reactions
Abstract

Abstract: All-organic rechargeable batteries may have low cost, materials sustainability and environmental friendliness, particularly suitable for large scale electric energy storage applications. However, development of such a new generation of batteries is now hindered by the lack of appropriate organic anode materials. In this paper, we report a novel polythiophene/carbon composite, where n-dopable poly (3,4-dihexylthiophene) is in situ chemically polymerized on carbon nanofibers. This organic-carbon composite exhibits an exceptionally high reversible electrochemical capacity of ∼300mAhg−1 (or ∼ 200AhL−1) through n-type redox reactions and superior capacity retention of ⩾95% after a hundred cycles. Based on this n-type redox-active material, an all-organic Li-ion cell using polytriphenylamine as cathode-active material was constructed and found to operate successfully, demonstrating possible applications of this composite as a high capacity anode material for all-organic storage batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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404. Reversible Li and Na storage behaviors of perylenetetracarboxylates as organic anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

Author

Zhao, R.R., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*STORAGE batteries, *CARBOXYLATES, *ELECTROCHEMICAL electrodes, *LITHIUM-ion batteries, *SODIUM ions, *OXIDATION-reduction reaction, *LOW voltage systems
Abstract

Abstract: Rechargeable batteries using organic materials have potential advantages of low cost and materials sustainability for large-scale electric storage applications. The key issue to realize such sustainable batteries is to develop suitable organic electrode materials with sufficient redox capacity and cycling stability. Herein, we introduce lithium and sodium salt of 3, 4, 9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid (Li4C24H8O8, Na4C24H8O8) as new organic anode materials for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. The Li4C24H8O8 electrode can deliver a reversible capacity of ∼200mAhg−1 at quite low charge/discharge plateaus of 1.20/1.10V, and remains 98% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles. Similarly, the Na4C24H8O8 electrode exhibits a reversible Na storage capacity of ∼100mAhg−1 at a low voltage region of 0.8–0.6V (vs Na) with almost indiscernible capacity decay during 100 cycles. These results demonstrate a potential possibility to use the organic anodes for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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405. Bifurcating periodic solution for a class of first-order nonlinear delay differential equation after Hopf bifurcation

Author

Guo, Zhongjin, Leung, A.Y.T., Liu, Y.C., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*BIFURCATION theory, *NUMERICAL solutions to nonlinear difference equations, *SET theory, *HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics), *HOMOTOPY theory, *NUMERICAL integration, *APPROXIMATION theory
Abstract

Abstract: In this paper, we predict the accurate bifurcating periodic solution for a general class of first-order nonlinear delay differential equation with reflectional symmetry by constructing an approximate technique, named residue harmonic balance. This technique combines the features of the homotopy concept with harmonic balance which leads to easy computation and gives accurate prediction on the periodic solution to the desired accuracy. The zeroth-order solution using just one Fourier term is applied by solving a set of nonlinear algebraic equations containing the delay term. The unbalanced residues due to Fourier truncation are considered iteratively by solving linear equations to improve the accuracy and increase the number of Fourier terms of the solutions successively. It is shown that the solutions are valid for a wide range of variation of the parameters by two examples. The second-order approximations of the periodic solutions are found to be in excellent agreement with those obtained by direct numerical integration. Moreover, the residue harmonic balance method works not only in determining the amplitude but also the frequency of the bifurcating periodic solution. The method can be easily extended to other delay differential equations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2012
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406. Dielectric tunability and magnetoelectric coupling in LuFe2O4 epitaxial thin film deposited by pulsed-laser deposition

Author

Zeng, M., Liu, J., Qin, Y.B., Yang, H.X., Li, J.Q., and Dai, J.Y.

Subjects
*DIELECTRIC films, *FERRITES, *MAGNETOELECTRIC effect, *LUTETIUM, *EPITAXY, *PULSED laser deposition, *SAPPHIRES, *SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
Abstract

Abstract: C-axis orientated LuFe2O4 thin films on (001) sapphire substrates are epitaxially deposited by pulsed-laser deposition. Temperature-dependent resistance characterization reveals the ferrimagnetic transition at 237K and charge-ordering transition at 340K in the film. Importantly, the dielectric constant of the film can be significantly changed by both electric and magnetic fields. The dielectric tunability reaches 35% when an electric field of 5V is applied, while this value reduces to 20% and 15%, respectively, when a magnetic field of 0.83T is applied perpendicular and parallel to the film normal direction. This suggests a magnetically controlled dielectric tunability and strong magnetoelectric coupling, and is therefore promising for tunable device applications in film form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2012
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407. A poly(3-decyl thiophene)-modified separator with self-actuating overcharge protection mechanism for LiFePO4-based lithium ion battery

Author

Li, S.L., Xia, L., Zhang, H.Y., Ai, X.P., Yang, H.X., and Cao, Y.L.

Subjects
*LITHIUM-ion batteries, *POLYMERS, *ELECTRIC appliance protection, *ACTUATORS, *SEMICONDUCTOR doping, *POROUS materials, *ELECTRIC charge
Abstract

Abstract: A voltage-sensitive separator is prepared simply by impregnating electroactive poly(3-decylthiophene) (P3DT) polymer into a commercial porous separator and tested for a self-actuating control of overcharge voltage of LiFePO4/C lithium-ion batteries. The experimental results demonstrate that this type of separator can be reversibly p-doped and dedoped to maintain the cell''s voltage at a safe value of ≤4V even at high rate overcharge of 3C current, effectively protecting the batteries from voltage runaway. Since this P3DT-modified separator has no obvious negative impact on the normal charge–discharge performance of the batteries, it may be adopted for practical application in commercial lithium ion batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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408. Plastic–polymer composite electrolytes for solid state dye-sensitized solar cells

Author

Jiang, Y., Cao, Y.L., Liu, P., Qian, J.F., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*DYE-sensitized solar cells, *POLYMERIC composites, *POLYELECTROLYTES, *ORGANIC synthesis, *SUCCINONITRILE, *IODIDES, *PLASTICIZERS, *TEMPERATURE effect
Abstract

Abstract: Three types of alkyl-substituted poly(N-alkyl-1-vinyl-imidazolium) iodides were synthesized and plasticized using succinonitrile as a solid plasticizer to develop a series of novel solvent-free plastic–polymer composite electrolytes. All these electrolytes appeared as a soft solid at room temperature and became sticky gel state at high temperature of 100°C. Among the as-prepared plastic–polymer electrolytes, the SCN–PMVII (succinonitrile–poly(1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium) iodide) electrolytes with a SCN content of 40–60wt.% showed a room temperature conductivity of 1.0–1.6mScm−1and a photoconversion efficiency of >4.1%, which are comparable to those observed from liquid organic carbonate electrolyte and the DSSCs using the liquid electrolyte at the same experimental conditions. Also, the DSSCs assembled with the SCN–PMVII electrolytes maintained their photoconversion efficiency very steadily during aging test of 50 days despite of being placed at 40°C under 1 sun illumination or stored at 60°C in an oven. Since these plastic–polymer electrolytes are solvent-free, highly conductive and electrochemically compatible, it is possible to use this type electrolyte for development of practical DSSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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409. The metallicity of B-doped diamond surface by first-principles study

Author

Lu, C., Wang, Z.L., Xu, L.F., Yang, H.X., Li, J.J., and Gu, C.Z.

Subjects
*DIAMONDS, *BORON, *MOLECULAR structure, *METAL-insulator transitions, *FORCE & energy, *SURFACES (Technology), *UNIFORM distribution (Probability theory)
Abstract

Abstract: The first-principles study is performed to boron-doped diamond (100) and (111) surface structures, respectively. The total energy values of the relaxed structures indicate that the more stable structure can be obtained for diamond (100) structure when the carbon atoms in the surface few layers are substituted by boron atoms; while for diamond (111) structure, the boron atoms have a more uniform distribution in it. From the calculated energy band structures we can find an obvious insulator–metal transition with the doping of boron atoms, which is in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies. Our calculated results also indicate that not only the boron concentration, but also the sites of the boron atoms in diamond can affect the stability and metal–insulator transition of boron-doped diamond. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
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410. Gene Transfer of Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Suppresses Development of Allograft Vasculopathy

Author

Zhang, X.N., Chen, D.Z., Zheng, Y.H., Liang, J.G., Yang, H.X., Lin, X.W., and Zhuang, J.

Subjects
*GENETIC transformation, *CALCITONIN gene-related peptide, *VASCULAR diseases, *HOMOGRAFTS, *AORTA, *CELL adhesion molecules, *FLUORESCENCE microscopy, *LABORATORY rats
Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To explore suppression of allograft vasculopathy by transfer of the calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP). Methods: The descending thoracic aortas from Lewis rats were grafted to the abdominal aortas of F344 rats, and the rats were randomized into 2 groups. A gene construct containing sequences from the adenoviral oncoprotein, the CGRP, and the enhanced green fluorescent protein was transferred into 1 group, and the sequences for the adenoviral oncoprotein and enhanced green fluorescent protein were transferred into a control group. Specimens were harvested at 4 and 8 weeks. Gene transfer was confirmed at fluorescence microscopy of frozen tissue sections, and expression was measured using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. We determined the locations and levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at immunohistochemistry and measured apoptosis. Results: The CGRP gene was expressed only in the CGRP group at 4 weeks. The vascular luminal occlusion score in the CGRP group was lower than in the control group. The apoptotic index of the CGRP group was lower than in the control group only at 4 weeks. The VCAM-1 immunohistochemistry score in the CGRP group was lower than in the control group; however, the iNOS immunohistochemistry score in the CGRP group was lower than in the control group in the intima only at 4 weeks. Conclusion: The expression of CGRP effectively suppressed the development of allograft vasculopathy and encroachment by lymphocytes and inflammatory cells. This reduced the levels of VCAM-1 to inhibit apoptosis induced by iNOS; thus, the tissue of the allografted vessel was protected and rejection was averted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
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411. High thermal stability of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the MgO/CoFeB/W thin films.

Author

Guo, Y.Q., Bai, H., Cui, Q.R., Wang, L.M., Zhao, Y.C., Zhan, X.Z., Zhu, T., Yang, H.X., Gao, Y., Hu, C.Q., Shen, S.P., He, C.L., and Wang, S.G.

Subjects
*PERPENDICULAR magnetic anisotropy, *THERMAL stability, *THIN films, *NEUTRON reflectometry, *MAGNESIUM oxide, *DATA warehousing
Abstract

[Display omitted] • The MgO/CoFeB/W thin films show high thermal stability of PMA up to 590 °C. • The CoFeB/W interface exhibits strongly segregation after annealing evidenced by PNR. • DFT calculations indicate that the interfacial segregation can manipulate the PMA. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) with high thermal stability is greatly essential for ultrahigh density and stable data storage devices. Here, the effect of vacuum annealing on PMA of MgO/CoFeB/W stacks was investigated. It was shown that the PMA can be well maintained after annealing at 590 °C, which is much higher than that in traditional Ta-based PMA films. Using the polarized neutron reflectometry, the Co-Fe atoms proportion of the CoFeB/W interface was deliberately determined at different temperatures. It is found that the Co and Fe atoms of CoFeB/W interface had strongly segregation after annealing at 590 °C Furthermore, the effect of different proportion of Co-Fe elements on the PMA was systematically studied by the first-principles calculation. Our first-principles calculation and further analysis reveal that different Co-Fe proportion leads to the modification of orbital hybridization between d xy and d x 2 - y 2 orbitals at the CoFe/W interface, indicating that the interfacial segregation can enhance the PMA. These findings unveil the origin of PMA in W-based devices with high thermal stability and can promote their future industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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412. Tri-(4-methoxythphenyl) phosphate: A new electrolyte additive with both fire-retardancy and overcharge protection for Li-ion batteries

Author

Feng, J.K., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*PHOSPHATES, *ELECTROLYTES, *LITHIUM-ion batteries, *ADDITIVES, *CONDUCTING polymers, *FIREPROOFING agents
Abstract

Abstract: A novel compound, tri-(4-methoxythphenyl) phosphate, was synthesized and investigated as a safety electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries. It was found that this additive could lower the flammability of the electrolyte, and thereby enhance the thermal stability of the Li-ion battery. Moreover, this molecule can also be polymerized at 4.35V (vs. Li/Li+) to form a conducting polymer, which can protect the batteries from voltage runaway at overcharge by internal bypassing the overcharging current in the batteries. Thus, it is possible to use this electrolyte additive to provide both overcharge protection and flame retardancy for lithium-ion batteries without much influence on the battery performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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413. Cycleable graphite/FeSi6 alloy composite as a high capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries

Author

Li, T., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*GRAPHITE, *ANODES, *LITHIUM ions, *ELECTRIC batteries
Abstract

Abstract: FeSi6/graphite composite was prepared by mechanical ball milling. The FeSi6 alloy particles consist of an electrochemically active silicon phase and inactive phases FeSi2, distributed uniformly in the graphite matrix. The composite anode offers a large reversible capacity (about 800mAhg−1) and good cycleability, due to the buffering effect of the inactive FeSi2 phase and graphite layers on the volumetric changes of Si phase during lithium–Si alloying reaction. Since FeSi6 alloy is a low-cost industrial material, this alloy compound provides a possible alternative for development of high capacity lithium-ion batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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414. Hydrogen release from hydrolysis of borazane on Pt- and Ni-based alloy catalysts

Author

Yao, C.F., Zhuang, L., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*HYDROLYSIS, *CATALYSTS, *ALLOYS, *METALLIC composites
Abstract

Abstract: Two types of Pt- and Ni-based alloy catalysts were synthesized and comparatively tested for hydrogen generation from aqueous borazane (ammonia- borane, solution. The experimental results demonstrated that hydrogen release rates from some of the Pt alloys such as PtRu and PtAu are nearly 9 times higher than those from pure Pt surface, and similarly, most of the Ni alloy catalysts exhibit greatly enhanced catalytic activities than pure Ni catalyst. Particularly, hydrogen release from NiAg-catalyzed hydrolysis can complete quickly at room temperature showing a stable hydrogen yield at (molar ratio), corresponding to 8.7wt% hydrogen release. Since the Ni alloy catalysts are less costly and highly efficient, it is feasible to use the Ni alloy catalysts for practical hydrogen generation in portable applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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415. Investigation of hole states near the Fermi level in Nb1− x Mg x B2 by electron energy-loss spectroscopy and first-principles calculations

Author

Ma, C., Xiao, R.J., Geng, H.X., Yang, H.X., Tian, H.F., Che, G.C., and Li, J.Q.

Subjects
*SPECTRUM analysis, *ELECTRIC conductivity, *SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, *ELECTRON energy loss spectroscopy
Abstract

Abstract: The fine structures of the electron energy-loss spectra (EELS) for the B-K edge have been examined in NbB2 and superconducting Nb0.75Mg0.25B2. The experimental results are analyzed based on the calculations of density functional theory (DFT) using the Wien2k code. The results of the EELS spectra and the angular decomposition of the density of states (DOS) reveal that both the B p z and B p x +p y states in NbB2 have large weights at the Fermi energy due to intersheet covalent bonding with notable hybridization between the Nb 4d and B 2p states. This kind of hybridization also results in different core-hole behaviors for the B-K edge in two orthogonal crystallographic orientations. The best fit between experimental and theoretical data is achieved with consideration of the core-hole effect of the B 1s states, in particular for the q⊥c spectra. Analysis of the electronic structure of the Nb1− x Mg x B2 superconductors suggests that confinement of the intersheet covalent bonding is likely to be favorable for the improvement of superconductivity in this kind of materials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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416. Near-infrared emissions and quantum efficiencies in Tm3+-doped heavy metal gallate glasses for S- and U-band amplifiers and 1.8μm infrared laser

Author

Lin, H., Wang, X.Y., Li, C.M., Yang, H.X., Pun, E.Y.B., and Tanabe, S.

Subjects
*LASERS, *NATIVE element minerals, *PROPERTIES of matter, *SOLUTION (Chemistry)
Abstract

Abstract: Intense 1.8μm and efficient 1.48μm infrared emissions have been recorded in Tm3+-doped alkali-barium-bismuth-gallate (LKBBG) glasses with low phonon energies under the excitation of 792nm diode laser. The maximum emission cross-sections for 1.8 and 1.48μm emission bands are derived to be 6.26×10−21 and 3.34×10−21 cm2, respectively, and the peak values are much higher than those in Tm3+-doped ZBLAN glass. In low-concentration doping, the full-widths at half-maximum (FWHMs) of the two emission bands are 223 and 122nm, and the quantum efficiencies of the 3F4 and 3H4 levels are proved to be ∼100% and 86%, respectively. When the doping concentration increases to 1wt%, the quantum efficiency of the 3H4 level is reduced to 60% due to the cross-relaxation processes in high-concentration doping. Efficient 1.8μm infrared emission in Er3+/Tm3+-codoped LKBBG glass has also been achieved under the excitation of 970nm diode laser, and the probability and the efficiency of non-radiative energy transfer from Er3+ to Tm3+ are as high as 354s−1 and 58.4%, respectively. Efficient and broad 1.8 and 1.48μm infrared emission bands indicate that Tm3+-doped LKBBG glasses are suitable materials in developing S- and U-band amplifiers and 1.8μm infrared laser. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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417. Agni-catalyzed anode for direct borohydride fuel cells

Author

Feng, R.X., Dong, H., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*SILVER, *NICKEL, *FUEL cells, *ANODES, *CATALYSTS, *BALL mills
Abstract

Abstract: Ag and AgNi powders were comparatively tested as anodic catalysts for direct electrochemical oxidation of borohydride. Discharge experiments demonstrated for the first time that both Ag and AgNi electrode can catalyze the electrooxidation of borohydride, delivering a high capacity of oxidation for a borohydride ion. In comparison, AgNi-catalyzed borohydride fuel cells exhibited a higher discharge voltage and capacity, possibly due to a combined action of the electrocatalytic activity of Ni component for borohydride electrooxidation and the depression of borohydride hydrolysis by Ag atoms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2007
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418. Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of carbon-coated nanocrystalline LiFePO4 prepared by polyacrylates-pyrolysis route

Author

Cao, Y.L., Yu, L.H., Li, T., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*CARBON, *CHEMICAL reactions, *FINISHES & finishing, *ROCK-forming minerals
Abstract

Abstract: A carbon-coated nanocrystalline LiFePO4 cathode material was synthesized by pyrolysis of polyacrylate precursor containing Li+, Fe3+ and PO4 −. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution TEM micrographs revealed that the LiFePO4/C composite as prepared has a core-shell structure with pure olivine LiFePO4 crystallites as cores and intimate carbon coating as a shell layer. Between the composite particulates, there exists a carbon matrix binding the nanocrystallites together into micrometer particles. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the LiFePO4/C composite with an appropriate carbon content can deliver a very high discharge capacity of 157mAhg−1 (>92% of the theoretical capacity of LiFePO4) with 95% of its initial capacity after 30 cycles. Since this preparation method uses less costly materials and operates in mild synthetic conditions, it may provide a feasible way for industrial production of the LiFePO4/C cathode materials for the lithium-ion batteries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2007
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419. Magnetic properties and microstructure of the dual-phase nanocomposite magnet Sm3(Fe,Ti)29N x /α-Fe

Author

Zhang, Y., Cui, C.X., Sun, J.B., Yang, H.X., Tian, H.F., Zhang, H.R., and Li, J.Q.

Subjects
*MICROMECHANICS, *STEREOLOGY, *MAGNETIC properties, *ELECTROMAGNETIC induction
Abstract

Abstract: A new dual-phase nanocomposite magnet, made up of the well-coupled Sm3(Fe,Ti)29N x and α-Fe nano-crystals, has been successfully fabricated by the melt-spun technique. Measurements of magnetic properties reveal that the hysteresis loop shows up the notable characteristics of single hard magnet in the well-crystallized samples. The electron microscopy investigations indicate that the grain sizes in our samples in general range from 30 to 60nm for Sm3(Fe,Ti)29N x and from 10 to 20nm for α-Fe, grain boundaries between the Sm3(Fe,Ti)29N x and α-Fe phases are clean without any impurities. These structural features are fundamentally compatible with direct exchange-coupling between these two magnetic phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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420. A simple and high efficient direct borohydride fuel cell with MnO2-catalyzed cathode

Author

Feng, R.X., Dong, H., Wang, Y.D., Ai, X.P., Cao, Y.L., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*HYDROLYSIS, *ELECTRONS, *CATHODE rays, *ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Abstract

Abstract: A simple direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) was constructed by use of an MnO2-catalyzed air cathode and an Au-catalyzed anode. It is found that the MnO2 cathode not only exhibits considerable electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction in the solutions, but also shows indiscernible catalytic activities for the electrooxidation and chemical hydrolysis of ions. As a result, these DBFC cells can avoid not only the performance degradation of the cathode arising from “ crossover” but also do not need to use expensive ion exchange membranes and Pt catalyst in the cathode. Based on this new configuration of DBFC, we used nanosized Au particles as an anodic electrocatalyst to avoid the chemical hydrolysis of ions, thereby to realize the complete electrochemical oxidation of ions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2005
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421. Temperature-dependent piezoelectric and dielectric properties of charge-ordered Lu2Fe2.1Mn0.9O7

Author

Chen, Y., Dai, J.Y., Au, K., Lam, K.H., Qin, Y.B., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*TEMPERATURE measurements, *IRON compounds, *METALLIC oxides, *PIEZOELECTRICITY, *FERROELECTRICITY, *ELECTRIC properties of metals, *PHASE transitions
Abstract

Abstract: Ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of layered Lu2Fe2.1Mn0.9O7 ceramic have been investigated by temperature-dependent piezoresponse force microcopy (PFM) and dielectric measurements. The PFM results illustrate the existence of piezoelectric properties and ferroelectric phase transition temperature of about 90°C at which the piezoelectricity vanishes. This transition temperature is manifested by the appearance of a shoulder at about 90°C in the temperature-dependent dielectric curve of the poled sample. A macro-to-micro domain transition is proposed to explain this ferroelectric phase transition. Besides, the ferroelectric properties of the Lu2Fe2.1Mn0.9O7 ceramic are further demonstrated by the polarization-electric field hysteresis (P–E) loop measurement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2012
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422. A highly efficient and BH4 −-tolerant Eu2O3-catalyzed cathode for direct borohydride fuel cells

Author

Ni, Xuemin, Wang, Y., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., Yang, H.X., and Pan, M.

Subjects
*METALLIC oxides, *EUROPIUM, *TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN, *METAL catalysts, *FUEL cells, *ION-permeable membranes, *ELECTROCATALYSIS, *CATHODES
Abstract

Abstract: Eu2O3 as a cathodic electrocatalyst was for the first time investigated and found to exhibit not only a high electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction, but also a strong tolerance to the attack of BH4 −. Based on these experimental findings, a simple membraneless direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is assembled and exhibits a peak power density of 66.4mWcm−2 at 0.495V under ambient condition by using the Eu2O3-catalyzed cathode and hydrogen storage alloy anode. Since this new configuration of DBFCs can operate very well without the help of expensive cation-exchange membranes, it may provide a simple way to construct cost-effective and high efficient DBFCs for a number of portable applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
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423. Determination of the number of ψ(3686) events at BESIII

Author

Ablikim, M., Achasov, M. N., Ahmed, S., Ai, X. C., Albayrak, O., Albrecht, M., Ambrose, D. J., Amoroso, A., An, F. F., An, Q., Bai, J. Z., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Ban, Y., Bennett, D. W., Bennett, J. V., Berger, N., Bertani, M., Bettoni, D., Bian, J. M., Bianchi, F., Boger, E., Boyko, I., Briere, R. A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Cakir, O., Calcaterra, A., Cao, G. F., Cetin, S. A., Chai, J., Chang, J. F., Chelkov, G., Chen, G., Chen, H. S., Chen, J. C., Chen, M. L., Chen, S., Chen, S. J., Chen, X., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y. B., Cheng, H. P., Chu, X. K., Cibinetto, G., Dai, H. L., Dai, J. P., Dbeyssi, A., Dedovich, D., Deng, Z. Y., Denig, A., Denysenko, I., Destefanis, M., De Mori, F., Ding, Y., Dong, C., Dong, J., Dong, L. Y., Dong, M. Y., Dou, Z. L., Du, S. X., Duan, P. F., Fan, J. Z., Fang, J., Fang, S. S., Fang, X., Fang, Y., Farinelli, R., Fava, L., Fedorov, O., Fegan, S., Feldbauer, F., Felici, G., Feng, C. Q., Fioravanti, E., Fritsch, M., Fu, C. D., Gao, Q., Gao, X. L., Gao, Y., Gao, Z., Garzia, I., Goetzen, K., Gong, L., Gong, W. X., Gradl, W., Greco, M., Gu, M. H., Gu, Y. T., Guan, Y. H., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L. B., Guo, R. P., Guo, Y., Guo, Y. P., Haddadi, Z., Hafner, A., Han, S., Hao, X. Q., Harris, F. A., He, K. L., Heinsius, F. H., Held, T., Heng, Y. K., Holtmann, T., Hou, Z. L., Hu, C., Hu, H. M., Hu, J. F., Hu, T., Hu, Y., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Z., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. L., Hussain, T., Ji, Q., Ji, Q. P., Ji, X. B., Ji, X. L., Jiang, L. W., Jiang, X. S., Jiang, X. Y., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jin, D. P., Jin, S., Johansson, T., Julin, A., Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Kavatsyuk, M., Ke, B. C., Kiese, P., Kliemt, R., Kloss, B., Kolcu, O. B., Kopf, B., Kornicer, M., Kupsc, A., K��hn, W., Lange, J. S., Lara, M., Larin, P., Leithoff, H., Leng, C., Li, C., Li, Cheng, Li, D. M., Li, F., Li, F. Y., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H. J., Li, J. C., Li, Jin, Li, K., Li, Lei, Li, P. R., Li, Q. Y., Li, T., Li, W. D., Li, W. G., Li, X. L., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. B., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. T., Liao, G. R., Lin, D. X., Liu, B., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. X., Liu, D., Liu, F. H., Liu, Fang, Liu, Feng, Liu, H. B., Liu, H. H., Liu, H. M., Liu, J., Liu, J. B., Liu, J. P., Liu, J. Y., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, L. D., Liu, P. L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, X., Liu, Y. B., Liu, Y. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Zhiqing, Loehner, H., Long, Y. F., Lou, X. C., Lu, H. J., Lu, J. G., Lu, Y., Lu, Y. P., Luo, C. L., Luo, M. X., Luo, T., Luo, X. L., Lyu, X. R., Ma, F. C., Ma, H. L., Ma, L. L., Ma, M. M., Ma, Q. M., Ma, T., Ma, X. N., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. M., Maas, F. E., Maggiora, M., Malik, Q. A., Mao, Y. J., Mao, Z. P., Marcello, S., Messchendorp, J. G., Mezzadri, G., Min, J., Min, T. J., Mitchell, R. E., Mo, X. H., Mo, Y. J., Morales, C. Morales, Muchnoi, N. Yu., Muramatsu, H., Musiol, P., Nefedov, Y., Nerling, F., Nikolaev, I. B., Ning, Z., Nisar, S., Niu, S. L., Niu, X. Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pacetti, S., Pan, Y., Patteri, P., Pelizaeus, M., Peng, H. P., Peters, K., Pettersson, J., Ping, J. L., Ping, R. G., Poling, R., Prasad, V., Qi, H. R., Qi, M., Qian, S., Qiao, C. F., Qin, L. Q., Qin, N., Qin, X. S., Qin, Z. H., Qiu, J. F., Rashid, K. H., Redmer, C. F., Ripka, M., Rong, G., Rosner, Ch., Ruan, X. D., Sarantsev, A., Savri��, M., Schnier, C., Schoenning, K., Schumann, S., Shan, W., Shao, M., Shen, C. P., Shen, P. X., Shen, X. Y., Sheng, H. Y., Shi, M., Song, W. M., Song, X. Y., Sosio, S., Spataro, S., Sun, G. X., Sun, J. F., Sun, S. S., Sun, X. H., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Y. Z., Sun, Z. J., Sun, Z. T., Tang, C. J., Tang, X., Tapan, I., Thorndike, E. H., Tiemens, M., Uman, I., Varner, G. S., Wang, B., Wang, B. L., Wang, D., Wang, D. Y., Wang, K., Wang, L. L., Wang, L. S., Wang, M., Wang, P., Wang, P. L., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. G., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. Y., Weber, T., Wei, D. H., Weidenkaff, P., Wen, S. P., Wiedner, U., Wolke, M., Wu, L. H., Wu, L. J., Wu, Z., Xia, L., Xia, L. G., Xia, Y., Xiao, D., Xiao, H., Xiao, Z. J., Xie, Y. G., Xiu, Q. L., Xu, G. F., Xu, J. J., Xu, L., Xu, Q. J., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. P., Yan, L., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, Y. H., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. X., Yang, L., Yang, Y. X., Ye, M., Ye, M. H., Yin, J. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, B. X., Yu, C. X., Yu, J. S., Yuan, C. Z., Yuan, W. L., Yuan, Y., Yuncu, A., Zafar, A. A., Zallo, A., Zeng, Y., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. X., Zhang, B. Y., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, D. H., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. J., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J. Q., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, K., Zhang, L., Zhang, S. Q., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. H., Zhang, Y. N., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, G., Zhao, J. W., Zhao, J. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, Lei, Zhao, Ling, Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, Q. W., Zhao, S. J., Zhao, T. C., Zhao, Y. B., Zhao, Z. G., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, J. P., Zheng, W. J., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, B., Zhou, L., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, X. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, K. J., Zhu, S., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, X. L., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Y. S., Zhu, Z. A., Zhuang, J., Zotti, L., Zou, B. S., Zou, J. H., İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi, Wang, Y.D., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States, Ablikim, M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Achasov, M.N., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation, Ai, X.C., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ambrose, D.J., University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China, Amoroso, A., University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation, An, F.F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, An, Q., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Bai, J.Z., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Baldini Ferroli, R., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ban, Y., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China, Bennett, J.V., Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China, Bertani, M., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China, Bian, J.M., Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Turkey, Istanbul Bilgi University, Eyup, 34060, Turkey, Uludag University, Istanbul, Turkey, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Bursa, Ankara, 16059, Turkey, Boger, E., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China, Bondarenko, O., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow region, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation, Boyko, I., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Briere, R.A., Bochum Ruhr-University, Bochum, D-44780, Germany, Cai, H., University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China, Cai, X., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Cakir, O., Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China, Calcaterra, A., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States, Cao, G.F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Cetin, S.A., Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China, Chang, J.F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chelkov, G., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing, 100049, China, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey, Chen, G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chen, H.S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Chen, J.C., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chen, M.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chen, S.J., Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China, Chen, X., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chen, X.R., Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen, D-35392, Germany, Chen, Y.B., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Chu, X.K., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China, Chu, Y.P., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Cronin-Hennessy, D., Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Turkey, Dai, H.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Dai, J.P., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Dedovich, D., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Deng, Z.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Denig, A., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Denysenko, I., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, INFN, University of Perugia, Perugia, I-06100, Italy, Destefanis, M., University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China, Ding, Y., KVI-CART, University of Groningen, Groningen, NL-9747 AA, Netherlands, Dong, C., Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China, Dong, J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Dong, L.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Dong, M.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Du, S.X., University of Turin, Turin, I-10125, Italy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-75120, Sweden, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, I-15121, Italy, INFN, Turin, I-10125, Italy, Fan, J.Z., Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China, Fang, J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Fang, S.S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Fang, Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Fava, L., University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China, Feldbauer, F., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Feng, C.Q., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Fu, C.D., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Gao, Q., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Gao, Y., Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China, Goetzen, K., G.I. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, Gong, W.X., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Gradl, W., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Greco, M., University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China, Gu, M.H., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Gu, Y.T., Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China, Guan, Y.H., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Guo, A.Q., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Guo, Y.P., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Han, Y.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Harris, F.A., Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China, He, K.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, He, M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Held, T., Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China, Heng, Y.K., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Hou, Z.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Hu, H.M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Hu, T., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Huang, G.S., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Huang, J.S., Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, Mainz, D-55099, Germany, Huang, L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Huang, X.T., Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Hussain, T., University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States, Ji, Q., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ji, Q.P., Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China, Ji, X.B., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Ji, X.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Jiang, L.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Jiang, X.S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Jiao, J.B., Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Jiao, Z., Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China, Jin, D.P., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Jin, S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Johansson, T., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China, Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow region, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation, Kang, X.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Kang, X.S., Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China, Kavatsyuk, M., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow region, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation, Kloss, B., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Kopf, B., Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China, Kornicer, M., Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China, Kupsc, A., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China, Kühn, W., Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, Mainz, D-55099, Germany, Lai, W., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lange, J.S., Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, Mainz, D-55099, Germany, Lara, M., Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China, Larin, P., Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China, Li, C.H., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, C., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Li, D.M., University of Turin, Turin, I-10125, Italy, Li, F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, H.B., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Li, J.C., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, K., Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China, Li, K., Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Li, L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, P.R., Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Li, Q.J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, W.D., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Li, W.G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, X.L., Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Li, X.N., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Li, X.Q., Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China, Li, X.R., Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China, Li, Z.B., Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China, Liang, H., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Liang, Y.F., Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China, Liang, Y.T., Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, Mainz, D-55099, Germany, Liao, G.R., GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Darmstadt, D-64291, Germany, Lin, D.X., Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China, Liu, B.J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, C.X., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, F.H., Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, South Korea, Liu, F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, F., Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States, Liu, H.B., Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China, Liu, H.M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Liu, H., Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China, Liu, J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, J.P., University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China, Liu, K., Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China, Liu, K.Y., KVI-CART, University of Groningen, Groningen, NL-9747 AA, Netherlands, Liu, Q., Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Liu, S.B., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Liu, X., Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen, D-35392, Germany, Liu, Y.B., Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China, Liu, Z.A., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, Z., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Liu, Z., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Loehner, H., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow region, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation, Lou, X.C., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lu, H.J., Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China, Lu, H.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lu, J.G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lu, Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lu, Y.P., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Luo, C.L., Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China, Luo, M.X., University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan, Luo, T., Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China, Luo, X.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lv, M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Lyu, X.R., Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Ma, F.C., KVI-CART, University of Groningen, Groningen, NL-9747 AA, Netherlands, Ma, H.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ma, Q.M., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ma, S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ma, T., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Ma, X.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Maas, F.E., Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China, Maggiora, M., University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China, Mao, Y.J., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China, Mao, Z.P., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Messchendorp, J.G., Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow region, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation, Min, J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Min, T.J., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Mitchell, R.E., Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China, Mo, X.H., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Mo, Y.J., Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States, Morales Morales, C., Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China, Moriya, K., Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China, Muchnoi, N.Yu., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation, Muramatsu, H., Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Turkey, Nefedov, Y., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Nikolaev, I.B., COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141700, Russian Federation, Ning, Z., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Nisar, S., China Center of Advanced Science and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China, Niu, S.L., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Niu, X.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Olsen, S.L., Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, United States, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, 34295, Turkey, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, 60323, Germany, Ouyang, Q., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Pacetti, S., Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States, Pelizaeus, M., Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, China, Peng, H.P., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Peters, K., G.I. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation, Ping, J.L., Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China, Ping, R.G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Poling, R., Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Turkey, Qi, M., Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China, Qian, S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Qiao, C.F., Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Qin, X.S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Qin, Z.H., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Qiu, J.F., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Rashid, K.H., University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States, NRC Kurchatov Institute, PNPI, Gatchina, 188300, Russian Federation, Redmer, C.F., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Ripka, M., INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, I-00044, Italy, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Rong, G., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Sarantsev, A., INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, I-44122, Italy, Functional Electronics Laboratory, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation, Schoenning, K., University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China, Shan, W., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China, Shao, M., University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States, Shen, C.P., Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China, Shen, X.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China, Sheng, H.Y., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100049, China, Shepherd, M.R., Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China, Song, W.M., Institute 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Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, hadronic events, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, annihilation [electron positron], 01 natural sciences, Ï (3686), High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Bhabha process, Subatomic Physics, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, φ(3686), BES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, electroproduction [psi(3685)], Detector, hadronic [cross section], Psi(3686), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], Beijing Stor, inclusive process, φ(3686), ?(3686), colliding beams [electron positron], statistical, psi(3686), experimental results
Abstract

The numbers of ?(3686) events accumulated by the BESIII detector for the data taken during 2009 and 2012 are determined to be (107:0±0:8) ×106 and (341:1±2:1)×106 , respectively, by counting inclusive hadronic events, where the uncertainties are systematic and the statistical uncertainties are negligible. The number of events for the sample taken in 2009 is consistent with that of the previous measurement. The total number of ?(3686) events for the two data taking periods is (448:1±2:9)×106 . © Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd., DPT2006K-120470, 11205082 CRC 1044 11235011, 11425524, 11335008, 11322544, 11475207 530-4CDP03 DE-FG02-05ER41374, DE-SC-0010118, DE-SC-0010504 2009CB825200 GSI: GSI SCOAP3 KJCX2-YW-N29, U1532258, KJCX2-YW-N45, 11179007, U1232201, U1532257, 11079008, 11179014 NRF: R32-2008-000-10155-0, Received 13 September 2017, Revised 2 December 2017, Published online 5 January 2018 ? Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2009CB825200), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11235011, 11322544, 11335008, 11425524, 11475207), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Program, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Particles and Interactions (CICPI), Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS (11179014), Joint Large-Scale Scientific Facility Funds of the NSFC and CAS (11179007, U1232201, U1532257, U1532258), Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11079008), CAS (KJCX2-YW-N29, KJCX2-YW-N45), 100 Talents Program of CAS, National 1000 Talents Program of China, German Research Foundation DFG (Collaborative Research Center CRC 1044), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) (530-4CDP03), Ministry of Development of Turkey (DPT2006K-120470), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11205082), The Swedish Research Council, U. S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER41374, DE-SC-0010118, DE-SC-0010504), U.S. National Science Foundation, University of Groningen (RuG) and the Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Darmstadt, WCU Program of National Research Foundation of Korea (R32-2008-000-10155-0) Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd

Published
2018

424. Mechanochemical synthesis and electrochemical characterization of VB x as high capacity anode materials for air batteries

Author

Wang, Y., Guang, X.Y., Cao, Y.L., Ai, X.P., and Yang, H.X.

Subjects
*MECHANICAL chemistry, *ELECTRIC capacity, *ELECTRIC batteries, *ANODES, *VANADIUM, *BORON, *ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis, *MECHANICAL alloying
Abstract

Abstract: A series of VB x (x =0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1) are prepared by a mechanochemical reaction of elemental B and V powders and tested as alternative high capacity anodic materials for alkaline air batteries. The VB x (x =0.25, 0.5, and 1) anodes tested can deliver an extraordinary capacity of >2000mAhg−1, twice higher than the theoretical capacity of metallic Zn currently used as high capacity anodes in aqueous primary batteries. The strong discharge capabilities observed from electrochemically inert boron (B) and passive vanadium (V) in the VB x samples are suggested to result from a combined chemical interaction, in which the B atoms are electrochemically activated by bonding with V atoms to partially decrease the covalent stability of elemental B component. At the same time, the electrochemically activated B can alleviate, in turn, the anodic polarization of metallic V element by clamping the electrode potential to a region where elemental V is in active state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
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