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The present study deals to diagnose Toxoplasma gondii cysts in the soil of Mosul city, with a total of 50 samples were collected from each side of the city and three replications using flotation methods and microscopic methods. The study aims to detect contamination Toxoplasmosis oocysts, in the soil with making a comparison between the right and left side of the city and determine the effect of environmental factors such as humidity on the presence of the parasite through making a comparison between wet and dry soil samples. Molecular methods confirmed the presence of infection where the microscopic examination explained the presence of 20 positive samples out of 100 samples for both sides of the city where 11 positive cases found in the right side and 9 positive samples in the left side. The difference was clear between the wet samples with a rate of (14/48) positive samples, while the number of positive dry samples was (6/52) that confirmed infected 8 of the positive samples were subjected to a molecular examination using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, the results showed the presence of 3 positive samples for B1 gene of the Toxoplasma parasite. The study proved the presence of soil contamination with parasite oocysts, which gives a measure of the high incidence of toxoplasmosis in Mosul city and the possibility of transmitting the infection to the rest of the intermediate hosts including humans.

This paper presents the results of numerical studies of various algorithms for suppression of xenon offset and power distribution oscillations in the core of a VVER-1200 reactor. The purpose of the research is to select an algorithm that minimizes the amount of liquid radioactive wastes during water exchange in the primary circuit of a nuclear power plant. For this, several algorithms for xenon oscillations suppression were considered. The first algorithm considered was an algorithm for suppression of xenon oscillations, which uses regulation due to AWP only, without utilization of any additional regulation. The second algorithm considered was an algorithm based on the use both AWP and boron regulation. In this algorithm suppression of xenon oscillations was carried out with the help of accelerated initiation of the work of the AWP by changing the boric acid concentration with constant second circuit pressure of the NPP and by utilization of the second control rods group. Last algorithm considered was algorithm based on the use of temperature control for accelerated initiation of the work of the AWP. In this algorithm, xenon oscillations suppression was carried out by changing coolant temperature at the reactor inlet caused by pressure change in the secondary circuit in the normal operation margins, and by involving the second group of control rods. It was shown that the best way to suppress xenon offset and power distribution oscillations in terms of minimization of radioactive liquid wastes amount is the algorithm with accelerated initiation of the AWP due to temperature regulation, with elimination of temperature regulation after minimizing of current axial offset value deviation from the nominal one.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G molecules are proposed to influence susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A case-control study was conducted on 209 patients with COVID-19 and198 controls to assess soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) levels and HLA-G 14-bp insertion [Ins]/deletion [Del] polymorphism. Results revealed that median levels of sHLA-G were significantly higher in serum of COVID-19 patients than in controls (17.92 [interquartile range: 14.86-21.15] vs. 13.42 [9.95-17.38] ng/mL; probability0.001). sHLA-G levels showed no significant differences between patients with moderate, severe or critical disease. Del allele was significantly associated with the risk of COVID-19 (odds ratio = 1.89; 95% confidence interval = 1.44-2.48; corrected probability = 0.001), while a higher risk was associated with Del/Del genotype (odds ratio = 2.39; 95% confidence interval = 1.25-4.58; corrected probability = 0.048). Allele and genotype frequencies of HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism stratified by gender or disease severity showed no significant differences in each stratum. Further, there was no significant impact of genotypes on sHLA-G levels. In conclusion, sHLA-G levels were up-regulated in COVID-19 patients regardless of disease severity. Further, it is suggested that HLA-G 14-bp Ins/Del polymorphism is associated with COVID-19 risk.

This paper presents the research results on the contribution of user-centered data mining based on the standard principles, focusing on the analysis of survival and mortality of lung cancer cases. Researchers used anonymized data from previously diagnosed instances in the health database to predict the condition of new patients who have not had their results yet. Medical professionals specializing in this field provided feedback on the usefulness of the new software, which was constructed using WEKA data mining tools and the Naive Bayes method. The results of this article provide elements of interest to discuss the value of identifying or discovering relationships in apparently “hidden” information to propose strategies to counteract health problems or prevent future complications and thus contribute to improving the quality of care. Life of the population, as would be the case of data mining in the health area, has shown applicability in the early detection and prevention of diseases for the analysis of genetic markers to determine the probability of a satisfactory response to medical treatment, and the most accurate model was Naive Bayes (91.1%). The Naive Bayes algorithm’s closest competitor, bagging, came in second with 90.8%. The analysis found that the ZeroR algorithm had the lowest success rate at 80%.

Aliphatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes, pristane (Pr), and phytane (Ph) were determined in the tissues of sixeconomic freshwater fish species (Luciobarbus xanthopterus, Ctenophyngodonidella, Cyprinus carpio, Tilapia zillii, Palanizaabu, and Leuciscus vorax) collected from the Shatt Al-Arab river. They were analyzed bycapillary gas chromatography - flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The carbon chain lengths of n-alkanesin the fish tissue samples ranged from nC13 to nC36. The highest concentration of the total n-alkanes wasdetected in the filter feeder P. abu tissue (23.14μg/g dry weight) and the lowest concentration was in theomnivorous C. carpio tissue (3.76 μg/g dry weight). The major sources of the n-alkanes, pristanes, andphytanes were from petroleum hydrocarbons based on the results of the molecular biomarker indices andthe ratios of CPI (carbon preference index), Pr/Ph, LMW/HMW (total nC13-C24/total nC25-nC36), nC17/Pr,and nC18/Ph. The percentage of n-alkanes from petroleum related-products ranged from 83.2% to 94.8%,whereas the natural biogenic sources were in the order of bacterial (3.7-11.7%) > higher plant wax (0.0-9.1%) > algal (0.1-1.2%) sources. The occasion of high fractions of n-alkanes and isoprenoids from petroleumhydrocarbons in these fish tissues indicated that the foster habitats were highly contaminated by crude oil.Further studies are required to investigate the bioaccumulation of other anthropogenic contaminants suchas plasticizers, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons fresh-water organisms.

Colon cancer is a disease characterized by the unusual and uncontrolled development of cells that are found in the large intestine. If the tumour extends to the lower part of the colon (rectum), the cancer may be colorectal. Medical imaging is the denomination of methods used to create visual representations of the human body for clinical analysis, such as diagnosing, monitoring, and treating medical conditions. In this research, a computational proposal is presented to aid the diagnosis of colon cancer, which consists of using hyperspectral images obtained from slides with biopsy samples of colon tissue in paraffin, characterizing pixels so that, afterwards, imaging techniques can be applied. Using computer graphics augmenting conventional histological deep learning architecture, it can classify pixels in hyperspectral images as cancerous, inflammatory, or healthy. It is possible to find connections between histochemical characteristics and the absorbance of tissue under various conditions using infrared photons at various frequencies in hyperspectral imaging (HSI). Deep learning techniques were used to construct and implement a predictor to detect anomalies, as well as to develop a computer interface to assist pathologists in the diagnosis of colon cancer. An infrared absorbance spectrum of each of the pixels used in the developed classifier resulted in an accuracy level of 94% for these three classes.

The OBJECTIVE was to give a molecular genetic foundation of combination therapy in the early postoperative period for peritonitis.METHODS AND MATERIALS. 70 patients with diffuse peritonitis were studied: the first (n=35) – patients underwent basic treatment, the second (n=35) – combined treatment with the inclusion of Remaxol and laser irradiation. The severity of endotoxemia and oxidative stress, the state of the hemostasis system and the functional status of the liver were determined. Molecular genotyping of the following genes was performed: beta subunits of platelet fibrinogen receptor (T1565C, ITGB3), fibrinogen (G(-455)A, FGB), catalase (-262C/T, CAT), superoxide dismutase (C47T, SOD2).RESULTS. It was found that the early postoperative period in patients with peritonitis is accompanied by endotoxemia, oxidative stress, impaired functional status of the liver, hypercoagulation and hypofibrinolysis. In patients with conditionally «mutant» genotypes of the studied genes, peritonitis is more severe, the severity of changes in the studied indicators of homeostasis is greater. At the same time, the effectiveness of therapy decreased, the number of complications increased, and the stay of patients in the hospital increased. The early inclusion of Remaxol and laser radiation in basic therapy increases the overall effectiveness of treatment: the severity of endotoxemia and oxidative stress decreases, the functional state of the liver and hemostasis system is restored relatively quickly, and as a result, an improvement in clinical results has been registered (a 37.5 % decrease in the frequency of complications (χ2=3.360, p=0.047) and a reduction in the length of stay of patients in the hospital by 16.6 % (pCONCLUSION. The inclusion of Remaxol and laser therapy in the early postoperative period in the treatment regimen of patients with peritonitis makes it possible to influence pathogenetically important links of the disease relatively quickly, which improves treatment results. This type of therapy is particularly effective in patients with polymorphic genotypes T1565C and C1565C of the ITGB3 gene.

Botrytis cinerea is a plant fungal pathogen causing the grey mold disease of rose ‎‎(Rosa indica L.). Finding new and alternative environment-friendly control strategies than ‎hazardous chemicals on different crop diseases is a crucial and healthy step to cope with ‎the current challenges of climate change. ‎ Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different botanical extracts and biocontrol agents (biopesticides) along with different fungicides against B. cinerea under in-vitro conditions. Three different concentrations i.e., 100, 200, and 300 ppm of five fungicides namely Acrobate, Melody, Cabrio top, Antracol, and Copper oxychloride, botanical extracts of eight plants Dhatura, Ginger, Aak, Neem and Onion, at three different doses of 5, 10, and 15%, and eleven biocontrol fungal agents were used as antagonistic under in-vitro on rose plants, The survey of ‎disease incidence% of grey mold on the rose crop in the region shows that the Hyderabad region has a maximum (60%) disease incidence as compared to Tandojam region ‎‎(40%). Among fungicides, the Cabrio top significantly reduced linear colony growth (31 mm) of B. cinerea at 300 ppm concentration. Among botanicals, extract of neem plant exhibited significantly lowest colony growth (23.33 mm) followed by the ginger plant (25 mm) and dhatura plant (26 mm). The higher concentration of fungicides and higher doses (15%) of botanicals extracts appeared significantly efficient to control the pathogen B. cinerea. Among biopesticides, Fusarium solani appeared prominent in reducing colony growth (25.16 mm) of the pathogen but the difference was not significant 300 with most of the tested biocontrol agents. The recommendation in this study is the high ability of botanical extracts and biocontrol agents in reducing the growth of grey mold, potentially considering using them instead of synthetic fungicides and more safety for the ecosystem. Keywords: Trichoderma, Fusarium, dhatura, botanical, biological control, synthetic fungicides.

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) consider as a waste product after obstetrical but when the medicine development, it was found that UCB abundant of life saving hematopoietic stem cell and contents of soluble growth factors which is necessary for proliferation. Alpha- antitrypsin (α1-AT) is mainly synthesized in the hepatocytes by the liver then secreted to the circulation Its function is Remove the acute inflammation through supperion cytokine production and inhibits different enzymes such as neutrophil elastase (NE) in the lungs, proteinase 3, trypsin, and cathepsin G. Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic of the heavy metals. The children especially newborns are the most affected by Pb because of they grow up rapidly resulting impaired brain and nervous system development. Cadmium (Cd) is the metal of the 20th and its effect resulted when Cd binds to proteins rich in cystein like metallothionein which causing hepatotoxicity in the liver and through circulating accumulates in the kidney tissue via and causing nephrotoxicity. Selenium (Se) as a trace element is an essential and important for human health. The vital function of Se including thyroid hormone metabolism and anti-inflammatory, immunity, activates natural killer cells, increases activated T cells proliferation, tumor cytotoxicity and antioxidant defense. The research conducted to study of 92 specimen of mothers with their new born infants in (46 normal and 46 cesarean delivery) and examined the levels of α1-AT bu enzyme liked immune assay method. Also some heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cd in addition to the Se element were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The correlation between α1-AT with Pb, Cd and Se was instigated. Conclusions: The levels of α1-AT in the UCB was higher than their maternal sera after normal delivery this mean the new infant need to observation and monitoring of α1-AT level after the birth till seventh days, while α1-AT level in the UCB was lower level than their mothers sera in cesarean delivery. Keywords: α1-AT, Pb, Cd, Se, cord blood and new born

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among sonographers have raised significant concerns in recent years. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of WMSDs and identify risk factors for WMSDs among sonographers. To date, there is little research on WMSDs among sonographers in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to contribute to the Saudi literature by filling this gap. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among sonographers (n = 98) working in four major governmental hospitals in the city of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The participants completed a validated, self-administered questionnaire that focused on the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms among sonographers. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 35.5±9 years. The majority of the participants were female (71.4%), non-Saudi (51%), and working as technicians (49%). The prevalence rates of shoulder and neck disorders among the participants were 65.3% and 57.1%, respectively. Gender (female), job title (sonography technicians), and years of experience (seasoned sonographers) were identified as risk factors for WMSDs. CONCLUSIONS: Among the studied sonographers, WMSDs were a significant, common problem. Being female, being a sonography technician, and being a seasoned sonographer were identified as risk factors for these disorders. Preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of WMSDs in this occupational setting.

This study investigates the protective effect of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with scutellarin (SCU), a flavone isolated from the traditional Chinese medicineErigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz., in reducing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vivo. The focal cerebral I/R injury model was established by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 1 h in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Our SCU-PLGA NPs exhibited an extended in vitro release profile and prolonged blood circulation in rats with cerebral ischemia. More importantly, when administered intravenously once a day for 3 days, SCU-PLGA NPs increased the SCU level in the ischemic brain, compared to free SCU, resulting in a significant reduction of the cerebral infarct volume after cerebral I/R. Furthermore, SCU-PLGA NPs reversed the histopathological changes caused by cerebral I/R injury, as well as attenuated cell apoptosis in the brain tissue, as confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL staining. Our findings have revealed that our injectable SCU-PLGA NPs provide promising protective effects against cerebral I/R injury, which could be used in combination with the existing conventional thrombolytic therapies to improve stroke management.

Nucleic acids or proteins electrophoresed within a matrix or gel that immersed in a buffer provides ions needed to carry a current and for pH maintenance at a relatively constant value. Sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) utilizes SDS as an anionic detergent that causes protein denaturation that linearized protein molecules. Each molecule of SDS has the ability to binds to two amino acids. As a result, the ratio of charge to mass becomes constant for all denatured proteins in the mixture. The molecules of protein migrate toward the positive pole and separated in the gel depending only on their molecular weights. The chains of polyacrylamide are cross linked by N, N-methylene bisacrylamide comonomers and ammonium persulfate used as an initiator for polymerization as they act as radical source and N, N, N', N'- tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) used to catalyse the polymerization. Electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids by using agarose or polyacrylamide gels were illustrated in this review.

The aim of the current study is to understand the motivations that lead to social media engagement and customers sharing intention on social media. A theoretical model is developed including six independent variables, which are community culture, altruism, fear of missing out, entertainment, informativeness, and social media engagement and likelihood to share as dependent variables. A quantitative methodology is used, where an online survey with close-ended questions is distributed and then the data was analyzed. The results of the data analysis found that four of the independent variables have a positive influence on customers’ likelihood to share, and social media engagement has the highest value. However, entertainment and informativeness had no impact on the likelihood to share viral content. eral motivations and the likelihood to share. Furthermore, it outlines key elements to create viral content and guides, marketers, to effective communication with online consumers.

Plants when exposed to toxic levels of metals can suffer morphological or physiological damage because toxic metals can interact with several vital molecules in the plant. One possibility to remove these contaminants from the environment is through the phytoremediation technique, since secondary metabolites produced by plants can reverse these damages. To evaluate the cytoprotective activity, the dry mass and possible damage to the membranes of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) seedlings subjected to different concentrations of mercury chloride in association with catechin and quercetin in suballelopathic concentration were determined. The coordination of mercury chloride with substances was also evaluated using vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and FTIR). The interaction of the mentioned flavonoids with mercury chloride was evidenced through vibrational spectroscopy. When the metal was associated with catechin and quercetin, there was an increase in dry mass of almost 3 times when compared with the HgCl2 alone, demonstrating that these flavonoids act as cytoprotective agents. However, in the presence of catechin and quercetin, membrane damage caused by mercury chloride has a level similar to that observed in control plants, demonstrating none statistical difference. Comparing the highest concentration with the lowest concentration of the metal associated with quercetin, it can be seen that the intensity of the peaks in this region decreases when the concentration of the metal increases, indicating an interaction between the metallic compound and the flavonoid. In this context, the use of secondary metabolites can be an alternative in the process of remediation of areas contaminated by mercury chloride, as they mitigate the effects of mercury chloride on lettuce seedlings.

تسعى الدراسة الحالية الى تحديد دور المقدرات التكنولوجية في امكانية اقامة المواصفةفي أحد الشركات الخدمية العراقية بهدف توليد بيئة خدمية حديثة لها القدرة ISO الدولية 10006على انتاج خدمات تلبي حاجة الزبون من حيث الجودة والكلفة من جهة وتحقيق ميزة تنافسية منجهة اخرى، من خلال استثمار موارد الشركة بالشكل كفوء وفعال يمكنها من تحقيق معاييرالمواصفة الدولية، ومن هنا تأطرت الفكرة التي رسمها الباحثين عن موضوع دراستهما، اذعرضت مشكلة الدراسة عدداً من التساؤلات نذكر منها:في الشركة المبحوثة? ISO 1. هل تسهم المقدرات التكنولوجية في تحقيق متطلبات المواصفة 10006?ISO 2. هل تمتلك الشركة المبحوثة المقدرات التكنولوجية المطلوبة لتطبيق متطلبات المواصفة 10006اتجه الباحثين بعد ذلك نحو الاجابة عن هذه التساؤلات من خلال تبني المنهج الوصفيالتحليلي، وقد تم استخدام استمارة الاستبانة بوصفها اداة رئيسة في جمع البيانات والمعلوماتالمتعلقة بالجانب الميداني لغرض قياس متغيرات الدراسة وتم تغطية المقدرات التكنولوجيةعبر ) 40 ( فقرة شملتها استمارة الاستبانة. ISO ومتطلبات المواصفة الدولية 10006ومن أبرز الاستنتاجات التي قدمها الباحثين )ترتبط المقدرات التكنولوجية مع متطلباتالايزو 10006 على مستوى المنظمة المبحوثة(، واختتمت الدراسة مسعاها بعدة توصيات أبرزها)بناء علاقات طويلة الأمد مع الزبون لغرض تبسيط عملياتها اذ ان العلاقات مع الزبون تزودالأطراف المعنية بمعلومات أفضل وأكثر شمولية وبالتالي سوف تقلل من تكاليف المنظمة وتزدادأرباحها(.

In this work, the optical properties of (PS-TiO2-Al2O3) nanocomposites films prepared by casting method have studied. To use in different optical fields. The TiO2 and Al2O3 nano particles added with different weight percentages are (1,2, 3 and 4) wt% were injected air bubbles to generate Nano bubbles in the (PS-TiO2-Al2O3) nanocomposites. The results revealed that absorbance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and refractive index of the optical characteristics of nanocomposites for wavelength range (280-800) nm. Increase with increase TiO2 and Al2O3concentrations, while the Transmittance decreased with increase TiO2 and Al2O3 concentrations. Optical energy values gap from (3.62 – 1.50) eV, where the optical energy gap of produced films reduced as the number of TiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles increased.

The difficult challenges facing the designers and engineers of combustion systems are the flame stability (flame stability map) represented by the limits of flashback and blow-off. In this study, acetylene gas was combined with Iraqi liquefied petroleum gas at rates (10% - 50%). The reason for choosing these two components is the low cost and ease of access to it. Where the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were obtained from (40-485) 1/sec, while the blow-off limits were (265-2510) 1/sec with a diameter of 25 cm for the burning nozzle diameter only for Iraqi LPG without mixing acetylene. While in the case of mixing 10% acetylene, the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were from (30-520) 1/sec and the blow-off limits (440-3985) 1/sec for the same diameter of the muzzle of 25 cm. Whereas, when mixing 30% of the acetylene, the flashback limits (critical velocity gradient) were from (55-575) 1/sec and the blow-off limits (570 - 4050) 1/sec. From the above three cases, noticed a relative expansion of the flame stability map for the flashback boundaries, while at the blow-off limits the amplitude was clear and large, which indicates the confidence in mixing acetylene with Iraqi LPG and obtaining a larger flame stability map. Thus, it stimulates its use in industrial fields and gas turbine power stations.

In this research, the level of radiation doses and the amount of energy obtained by the human body and received by the individual were measured in Al-Sadr region, east of Baghdad Governorate, and because this region has a large population density and the presence of an industrial and commercial fields. So that the total areas on which the radiological survey was conducted reached 93 using the GPS, a radiological survey was conducted. 2790 readings were calculated for all areas and the average was 279 readings. The readings were taken by the inspector, and the highest reading was recorded in sector 26 by 0.135 msv/h and the lowest reading recorded in sector 72 was 0.071 msv/h. The results were compared with the decisions of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP).