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The odor threshold of 2-nitropropane (2-NP) has been characterized as not capable of providing warning that air concentrations possibly exceed acceptable guidelines. However, recent testing indicates that the odor threshold is significantly lower than previously thought. In particular, the odor threshold has been indicated by this study to be below the current TLV for 2-NP.

The synthesis and characterization of the anomeric pairs of the per-O-acetylaldohexopyranosyl cyanides of D-galactose, L-fucose, D-glucose, and D-mannose, as well as of 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl cyanide, are described. Cyanation of the readily available, per-O-acetylaldohexopyranosyl bromides with mercuric cyanide in nitromethane, and subsequent purification, gave the corresponding, crystalline glycosyl cyanides with a high degree of 1,2-trans stereoselectivity. Thus, per-O-acetylated aldohexopyranosyl cyanides of the 1,2-trans configuration were obtained in yields ranging from 20 to 79%, whereas the corresponding 1,2-cis anomers were obtained in yields of less than or equal to 8.4%, the ratios of the 1,2-trans:1,2-cis anomers so prepared being greater than or equal to 8.5:1. The principal by-products of these irreversible, cyanation reactions were the per-O-acetylated 1,2-O-[1-(exo- and endo-cyano)ethylidene]aldohexopyranoses, obtained in yields of up to 40%. The structural assignments of the per-O-acetylaldohexopyranosyl cyanides were unequivocally established by elemental analysis, chemical transformation, vibrational spectroscopy, and 13C- and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Correlations between the physical properties and the anomeric configurations of these C-aldohexopyranosyl compounds are described.

Nitroparaffins act on the guinea-pig ileum by several mechanisms. They produce contraction partly by ganglionic stimulation and partly by direct liberation of transmitter from the nerve endings. They also inhibit the response to acetylcholine and nicotine, but interfere less with the action of histamine, serotonin or bradykinin. The two opposite effects of the nitro compounds are independent of each other. Within the homologous series of normal nitroparaffins, the excitatory action diminishes and the inhibitory effect increases with the lengthening of the carbon chain.