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An overview of image analysis applications by video systems is presented. The analysis of histological sections involves specific problems such as segmentation, large amounts of information, transformation from to 2 to 3 D (stereology). The device including a TAS (Leitz) interfaced to a PDP 11–34 computer is used in two applications to the nervous system : the analysis of trigeminal ganglionic sections and the quantification of cerebellar structures. In the first case, only the basic image transformation capabilities of the TAS are used. In the second one, a statistical method of analysis of grey-level histograms had to be developed in order to automatically recognize the various cerebellar zones. The advantages of both methods are discussed. Image analysis will be soon applied more generally to histology. Indeed, tissue sections provide essential architecture information often difficult to apprehend by traditional methods.

In medicine, image-wise information (for example, x-ray image or thermogram) is obtained to diagnose diseases and to test the results of treatment. Being sometimes registered at low signal-to-noise values, it is not always sufficient to solve a specific problem. A method of repeated examination is widely adopted in medicine, by which it is possible to get a succession of images. Techniques of image transformations, involving detection of equipotential zones (equidensitograms, isotherms, etc.), as well as usage of pseudocolor image transformation are also widely used, thus facilitating the subsequent utilization of transformed images by the physician.

The purpose of the Image Transformation Study is to develop techniques for converting oblique aerial photography to the ground-level viewing perspectives that would be seen by an observer as he moves around within the imaged area. This report documents the first six months of the investigation.

Brain -damaged individ-uals, as well as children withperceptual handicaps are oftendistraught as they try to fathoman array of conflicting and con -fusing images, some of which arenot illusory at all. These peo-ple must constantly confirmtheir visual experience with re-ality. When we study the per-ception of the physical worldfor these people, we begin tolearn something of how an eyeoperates and what it means whenthe signal registration is al-tered on the retina.Most analogies to the eyeliken it unto a camera and formost descriptions of the struc-tural counterparts, this resem-blance is approximately accu-rate. However, this analogy failsto hold when we consider the dynam-ic functioning of the eye in action.

This paper presents a new approach for processing images of woven fabrics to determine the warp-weft densities. This approach includes three main steps, namely; image transformation, image enhancement, and analyzing signals of the image. In the experimental process, 19 different woven fabric images were scanned at a high resolution (2400 dpi); then these images were transferred to the MATLAB program. By using the vertical and horizontal frequencies of the textile image, the FFT analyses were carried out. Consequently with 97 % accuracy, the densities were predicted only by using the images instead of counting them by hand.

OBJECTIVE: Mental imagery has featured prominently in several disorders. The recurrent and distressing imagery reported by individuals with social phobia is often that of a previously experienced event and such imagery is proposed to contribute to the maintenance of the disorder in contemporary cognitive models. The aims of the present study were to investigate which imagery processes (generation, maintenance, inspection and transformation) are most relevant to differentiate the performances of socially anxious individuals from those who are non-socially anxious, and that play a pivotal role in social phobia. METHOD: Sixty-two undergraduate volunteer students were recruited from an Italian university, age range 18-23 (M 19.34, SD 1.27), 23 males and 39 females. We used a standardized battery, the Mental Imagery Test (MIT), measuring mental imagery skills involving generation and manipulation of different categories of images to examine imagery processes in individuals with social anxiety and non-anxious controls. RESULTS: Results shown that socially anxious students were impaired in MIT total score, and particularly in the imagined paths tasks and clock test, significantly more than non-anxious individuals. In overall group, total score was negatively associated with social anxiety, and the imagine paths test was the best predictor of social anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest that social anxiety is differently influenced by specific tasks of imagery based on the type of component involved in imaginative processes.

Although several indices have been constructed and available at the Index database (IDB) for Sentinel-2 satellite to map and study several earth resources, no indices have been developed to map oil spill. We constructed band ratios (5 + 6)/7, (3 + 4)/2, (11+12)/8 and 3/2, (3 + 4)/2, (6 + 7)/5 using the high-resolution MSI (multi-spectral instrument) visible-near infrared-shortwave infrared spectral bands of Sentinel-2 by summing-up the bands representing the shoulders of absorption features as numerator and the band located nearest to the absorption feature as denominator to discriminate oil spill, and demonstrate the potential of this method to map the Wakashio oil spill which occurred in the Indian Ocean, off Mauritius. The resulted images discriminated the oil spill well. We also decorrelated the spectral bands 4, 3 and 2 by studying the spectral band absorptions and discriminated the spill as very thick, thick and thin. The results of decorrelation stretch method exhibited the distribution of types of oil spill in a different tone, distinctly. Both the image transformation methods (band ratios and decorrelation stretch methods) showed their capability to map oil spills, and these methods are recommended to use for similar spectral bands of other sensors to map oil spills. • This study demonstrated the application of band ratios and decorrelation stretch methods to map oil spill. • The methods discriminated the oil spill off Mauritius, and showed spill thicknesses from the Sentinel-2 data. • The new methods are recommended to use for the spectral bands of other sensors to map oil spill.

This paper explores multiple elements of Elvis Presley (1935-77) on the purpose of scrutinizing "Elvis Phenomenon" before and after his tragic death. Musically, Elvis had such a powerful voice to sing almost every kind of genre in pop/rock music and, furthermore, had a superb talent to "arrange" songs in his own fashion. Both were much superior to those of his contemporary musicians in rock 'n' roll field. Socioculturally, his image transformed itself from an anti-establishment revolutionary figure in the 1950s to American conscience that advocated conservative American (especially Southern) values and principles. This transformation resulted primarily from two years of his military service, a series of films in which Hollywood employed and invented his images as commodity in the 1960s, live performance in Las Vegas in the 1970s, his apolitical attitude (non-commitment to Sixties' political movements in the U.S.). This transformation from 'radical' to 'conservative' occupies the most significant factor of Elvis's perpetuating popularity among his worshipers who regard him as perfectly epitomizing the American Dream., 本研究は、アメリカの社会文化の文脈に限定して、エルビス・プレスリー(1935-77)の生前及び死後の｢エルビス現象｣を多角的(音楽的、文化的、政治的、人種的など)な側面から分析した論考である。音楽的には、ジャンルをこえて歌いこなす歌唱力と曲のアレンジの独創性が、他のロックンロール・アーティストにくらべて秀逸的な要素として際立っている。社会文化的には、50年代中期に十代の感情・精神および価値観を表象した社会の｢反逆者｣としての彼のイメージは、1960年代以降、アメリカ的、特にアメリカ南部の価値観を擁護する保守的なイメージへと変化していった。｢反体制的な不良｣から｢アメリカの良心｣へと変貌していくイメージ変容の主な原因は、陸軍入隊、一連のハリウッド映画への出演、ラスベガスでの豪華なライブ・ショウ、非政治性(60年代の政治運動への消極性)などである。そのイメージの変質が、エルビスをアメリカン・ドリームの最も典型的な具象と捉えるファンによる彼への崇拝の基盤であり、彼の邸宅(グレイスランド)はアメリカの巡礼の地となっている。

A novel digital half-toning technique is presented for the efficient transformation of grey scale images into bilevel ones. The bilevel image pixels are divided into classes, which are progressively generated in a parallel fashion, utilising a simple criterion. A continuous-tone image can thus be progressively coded and transmitted in bilevel form.

A new technique is proposed to perform several image-processing operations with the same optical system. Each operation can easily be selected by properly loading a birefringent photoelastic plate, which acts as the spatial filter of the-system. Thus different pupil transmittance configurations can be achieved, each of which is associated with a certain image transformation.

In principle, the use of longer slits is indicated in spectroscopy wherever the resolution is energy limited. Various problems arise, however, as slits are lengthened beyond the conventional limits. This paper sets forth practical solutions to some of these difficulties through the use of an image transformation method, and discusses the advantages and limitations of the schemes suggested.