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332 results on '"GEORGE, E. M."'

301. SPT-GMOS: A Gemini/GMOS-South Spectroscopic Survey of Galaxy Clusters in the SPT-SZ Survey

Author: Anthony H. Gonzalez, Christine Jones, Michael McDonald, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, Antony A. Stark, Mark W. Bautz, C. L. Chang, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, D. E. Applegate, H-M. Cho, Christian L. Reichardt, John E. Carlstrom, I-Non Chiu, C. Pryke, R. Capasso, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, A. Saro, Christopher W. Stubbs, Henk Hoekstra, Tim Schrabback, E. M. Leitch, R. J. Foley, W. L. Holzapfel, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, K. Vanderlinde, William R. Forman, Bradford Benson, Ryan Keisler, S. A. Stanford, Z. K. Staniszewski, K. T. Story, Shantanu Desai, Helmuth Spieler, Lindsey Bleem, Zhen Hou, Sebastian Bocquet, Elizabeth George, Mark Brodwin, Armin Rest, A. T. Crites, A. Zenteno, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Jeff McMahon, Gilbert Holder, M. L. N. Ashby, Adrian T. Lee, A. N. Doucouliagos, Steven W. Allen, Lloyd Knox, Erik Shirokoff, L. M. Mocanu, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, Michael D. Gladders, Alexey Vikhlinin, J. P. Dietrich, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, Daniel P. Marrone, Joseph J. Mohr, Nikhel Gupta, A. von der Linden, Matthew B. Bayliss, J. D. Hrubes, Joaquin Vieira, Matt Dobbs, T. M. Crawford, Stephen Padin, N. W. Halverson, S. S. Meyer, David Rapetti, Gordon P. Garmire, K. K. Schaffer, S. S. Murray, N. Huang, Bayliss, M. B., Ruel, J., Stubbs, C. W., Allen, S. W., Applegate, D. E., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Capasso, R., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiu, I., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Doucouliagos, A. N., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., Garmire, G. P., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Gupta, N., Halverson, N. W., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Hoekstra, H., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hou, Z., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., von der Linden, A., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Pryke, C., Rapetti, D., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Schrabback, T., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: catalog, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, catalogs, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: distances and redshifts, techniques: spectroscopic, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, distances and redshift [galaxies], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysic, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Radial velocity, Stars, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), spectroscopic [techniques], Equivalent width
Abstract: We present the results of SPT-GMOS, a spectroscopic survey with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) on Gemini South. The targets of SPT-GMOS are galaxy clusters identified in the SPT-SZ survey, a millimeter-wave survey of 2500 squ. deg. of the southern sky using the South Pole Telescope (SPT). Multi-object spectroscopic observations of 62 SPT-selected galaxy clusters were performed between January 2011 and December 2015, yielding spectra with radial velocity measurements for 2595 sources. We identify 2243 of these sources as galaxies, and 352 as stars. Of the galaxies, we identify 1579 as members of SPT-SZ galaxy clusters. The primary goal of these observations was to obtain spectra of cluster member galaxies to estimate cluster redshifts and velocity dispersions. We describe the full spectroscopic dataset and resulting data products, including galaxy redshifts, cluster redshifts and velocity dispersions, and measurements of several well-known spectral indices for each galaxy: the equivalent width, W, of [O II] 3727,3729 and H-delta, and the 4000A break strength, D4000. We use the spectral indices to classify galaxies by spectral type (i.e., passive, post-starburst, star-forming), and we match the spectra against photometric catalogs to characterize spectroscopically-observed cluster members as a function of brightness (relative to m*). Finally, we report several new measurements of redshifts for ten bright, strongly-lensed background galaxies in the cores of eight galaxy clusters. Combining the SPT-GMOS dataset with previous spectroscopic follow-up of SPT-SZ galaxy clusters results in spectroscopic measurements for >100 clusters, or ~20% of the full SPT-SZ sample., 24 pages in eapj format. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Supplements
Published: 2016
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302. Measurement of galaxy cluster integrated comptonization and mass scaling relations with the South Pole Telescope

Author: Elizabeth George, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, H. M. Cho, K. A. Aird, Christopher W. Stubbs, K. Vanderlinde, K. T. Story, A. T. Crites, Mark Brodwin, Matt Dobbs, Adrian T. Lee, K. K. Schaffer, Z. K. Staniszewski, Jiayi Liu, A. Saro, T. M. Crawford, L. M. Mocanu, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, T. E. Montroy, Erik Shirokoff, Alejandro Clocchiatti, R. J. Foley, W. L. Holzapfel, S. S. Murray, B. Stalder, Daniel P. Marrone, R. Williamson, William R. Forman, Ryan Keisler, N. W. Halverson, Stephen Padin, Helmuth Spieler, J. E. Ruhl, Michael D. Gladders, Lindsey Bleem, Alexey Vikhlinin, J. T. Sayre, Armin Rest, D. Nurgaliev, C. Pryke, S. S. Meyer, Adam Mantz, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, John E. Carlstrom, A. Zenteno, Jeff McMahon, Sebastian Bocquet, T. de Haan, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, E. M. Leitch, J. P. Dudley, Christian L. Reichardt, Spencer A. Stanford, Lloyd Knox, Shantanu Desai, Michael McDonald, Matthew B. Bayliss, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, Antony A. Stark, Joseph J. Mohr, C. L. Chang, J. Mehl, Anna Patej, Christine Jones, M. Lueker, Saliwanchik, B. R., Montroy, T. E., Aird, K. A., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Murray, S. S., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Patej, A., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Aperture, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics, Galaxies: clusters: general, Methods: data analysis, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Space and Planetary Science, clusters: general [Galaxies], Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Galaxy, galaxies: cluster [X-rays], data analysi [Methods], South Pole Telescope, Cluster (physics), Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe a method for measuring the integrated Comptonization (YSZ) of clusters of galaxies from measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in multiple frequency bands and use this method to characterize a sample of galaxy clusters detected in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data. We test this method on simulated cluster observations and verify that it can accurately recover cluster parameters with negligible bias. In realistic simulations of an SPT-like survey, with realizations of cosmic microwave background anisotropy, point sources, and atmosphere and instrumental noise at typical SPT-SZ survey levels, we find that YSZ is most accurately determined in an aperture comparable to the SPT beam size. We demonstrate the utility of this method to measure YSZ and to constrain mass scaling relations using X-ray mass estimates for a sample of 18 galaxy clusters from the SPT-SZ survey. Measuring YSZ within a 0.75' radius aperture, we find an intrinsic log-normal scatter of 21+/-11% in YSZ at a fixed mass. Measuring YSZ within a 0.3 Mpc projected radius (equivalent to 0.75' at the survey median redshift z = 0.6), we find a scatter of 26+/-9%. Prior to this study, the SPT observable found to have the lowest scatter with mass was cluster detection significance. We demonstrate, from both simulations and SPT observed clusters, that YSZ measured within an aperture comparable to the SPT beam size is equivalent, in terms of scatter with cluster mass, to SPT cluster detection significance., Submitted to ApJ. 13 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2015

303. A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Galaxy Clusters Using Data from the South Pole Telescope

Author: Christian L. Reichardt, Spencer A. Stanford, Lloyd Knox, M. Lueker, Matthew B. Bayliss, Shantanu Desai, Helmuth Spieler, K. A. Aird, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Lindsey Bleem, Eric J. Baxter, Armin Rest, Alejandro Clocchiatti, S. S. Meyer, Zhen Hou, Christine Jones, John E. Carlstrom, I-Non Chiu, L. M. Mocanu, Steven W. Allen, B. Stalder, Jizhou Song, A. Saro, T. de Haan, Erik Shirokoff, E. M. Leitch, M. L. N. Ashby, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, R. Williamson, Scott Dodelson, Z. K. Staniszewski, Ryan Keisler, Michael McDonald, W. L. Holzapfel, A. T. Crites, Daniel P. Marrone, J. E. Ruhl, Michael D. Gladders, William R. Forman, Alexey Vikhlinin, Adrian T. Lee, J. P. Dietrich, A. Zenteno, Keith Vanderlinde, C. Hennig, Stephen Padin, Jeff McMahon, H-M. Cho, Henk Hoekstra, J. D. Hrubes, R. J. Foley, Benjamin Saliwanchik, K. T. Story, Gilbert Holder, Antony A. Stark, Mark W. Bautz, Jiayi Liu, C. Pryke, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, Matt Dobbs, K. K. Schaffer, T. M. Crawford, Elizabeth George, N. W. Halverson, Sebastian Bocquet, Mark Brodwin, A. van Engelen, S. S. Murray, N. L. Harrington, C. L. Chang, Marius Millea, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, Baxter, E. J., Keisler, R., Dodelson, S., Aird, K. A., Allen, S. W., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiu, I., Cho, H. -M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., De Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., Hennig, C., Hoekstra, H., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hou, Z., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Millea, M., Mocanu, L. M., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, galaxies: clusters: general, gravitational lensing: weak, Space and Planetary Science, Gravitational lens, South Pole Telescope, weak [gravitational lensing], Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Cluster sampling, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Clusters of galaxies are expected to gravitationally lens the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and thereby generate a distinct signal in the CMB on arcminute scales. Measurements of this effect can be used to constrain the masses of galaxy clusters with CMB data alone. Here we present a measurement of lensing of the CMB by galaxy clusters using data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT). We develop a maximum likelihood approach to extract the CMB cluster lensing signal and validate the method on mock data. We quantify the effects on our analysis of several potential sources of systematic error and find that they generally act to reduce the best-fit cluster mass. It is estimated that this bias to lower cluster mass is roughly $0.85\sigma$ in units of the statistical error bar, although this estimate should be viewed as an upper limit. We apply our maximum likelihood technique to 513 clusters selected via their SZ signatures in SPT data, and rule out the null hypothesis of no lensing at $3.1\sigma$. The lensing-derived mass estimate for the full cluster sample is consistent with that inferred from the SZ flux: $M_{200,\mathrm{lens}} = 0.83_{-0.37}^{+0.38}\, M_{200,\mathrm{SZ}}$ (68% C.L., statistical error only)., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures. Published in ApJ. Replaced to match published version
Published: 2015

304. Mass Calibration and Cosmological Analysis of the SPT-SZ Galaxy Cluster Sample Using Velocity Dispersion σ v and X-Ray Y X Measurements

Author: N. W. Halverson, C. L. Reichardt, L. M. Mocanu, Alfredo Zenteno, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, G. Bazin, T. M. Crawford, Christopher W. Stubbs, Daniel P. Marrone, Sebastian Bocquet, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, M. Lueker, A. Clocchiatti, Z. Staniszewski, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Michael D. Gladders, Bradford Benson, W. L. Holzapfel, K. Vanderlinde, Lindsey Bleem, Armin Rest, O. Zahn, Mike McDonald, Jeff McMahon, Lloyd Knox, Alexey Vikhlinin, B. Stalder, M. L. N. Ashby, Helmuth Spieler, T. de Haan, S. S. Meyer, S. S. Murray, Ryan Keisler, Aaron Lee, J. P. Dietrich, K. A. Aird, S. A. Stanford, M. Brodwin, K. T. Story, John E. Carlstrom, William R. Forman, R. Williamson, C. Pryke, Ryan J. Foley, Chihway Chang, A. T. Crites, Matthew B. Bayliss, G. P. Holder, J. D. Vieira, A. A. Stark, S. Padin, C. Hennig, E. M. Leitch, C. Jones, I-Non Chiu, S. Desai, H. M. Cho, Jiayi Liu, Erik Shirokoff, D. Gangkofner, Marshall W. Bautz, Benjamin Saliwanchik, J. E. Ruhl, Joseph J. Mohr, A. Saro, M. A. Dobbs, Elizabeth George, Bocquet, S, Saro, A, Mohr, J J, Aird, K A, Ashby, M L N, Bautz, M, Bayliss, M, Bazin, G, Benson, B A, Bleem, L E, Brodwin, M, Carlstrom, J E, Chang, C L, Chiu, I, Cho, H M, Clocchiatti, A, Crawford, T M, Crites, A T, Desai, S, de Haan, T, Dietrich, J P, Dobbs, M A, Foley, R J, Forman, W R, Gangkofner, D, George, E M, Gladders, M D, Gonzalez, A H, Halverson, N W, Hennig, C, Hlavacek-Larrondo, J, Holder, G P, Holzapfel, W L, Hrubes, J D, Jones, C, Keisler, R, Knox, L, Lee, A T, Leitch, E M, Liu, J, Lueker, M, Luong-Van, D, Marrone, D P, Mcdonald, M, Mcmahon, J J, Meyer, S S, Mocanu, L, Murray, S S, Padin, S, Pryke, C, Reichardt, C L, Rest, A, Ruel, J, Ruhl, J E, Saliwanchik, B R, Sayre, J T, Schaffer, K K, Shirokoff, E, Spieler, H G, Stalder, B, Stanford, S A, Staniszewski, Z, Stark, A A, Story, K, Stubbs, C W, Vanderlinde, K, Vieira, J D, Vikhlinin, A, Williamson, R, Zahn, O, and Zenteno, A
Subjects: Physics, galaxies: clusters: individual, large-scale structure of universe, clusters: individual [galaxies], Sigma, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Omega, symbols.namesake, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, symbols, Planck, Neutrino, Galaxy cluster, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: We present a velocity-dispersion-based mass calibration of the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect survey (SPT-SZ) galaxy cluster sample. Using a homogeneously selected sample of 100 cluster candidates from 720 deg^2 of the survey along with 63 velocity dispersion (σ_v) and 16 X-ray Y_X measurements of sample clusters, we simultaneously calibrate the mass-observable relation and constrain cosmological parameters. Our method accounts for cluster selection, cosmological sensitivity, and uncertainties in the mass calibrators. The calibrations using σ_v and Y_X are consistent at the 0.6σ level, with the σ_v calibration preferring ~16% higher masses. We use the full SP_(TCL) data set (SZ clusters+σ_v +Y_X) to measure σ_g(Ω_m/0.27)^(0.3) = 0.809 ± 0.036 within a flat ΛCDM model. The SPT cluster abundance is lower than preferred by either the WMAP9 or Planck+WMAP9 polarization (WP) data, but assuming that the sum of the neutrino masses is ∑m_ν = 0.06 eV, we find the data sets to be consistent at the 1.0σ level for WMAP9 and 1.5σ for Planck+WP. Allowing for larger ∑m_ν further reconciles the results. When we combine the SPT_(CL) and Planck+WP data sets with information from baryon acoustic oscillations and Type Ia supernovae, the preferred cluster masses are 1.9σ higher than the Y_X calibration and 0.8σ higher than the σ_v calibration. Given the scale of these shifts (~44% and ~23% in mass, respectively), we execute a goodness-of-fit test; it reveals no tension, indicating that the best-fit model provides an adequate description of the data. Using the multi-probe data set, we measure Ω_m = 0.299 ± 0.009 and σ_g = 0.829 ± 0.011. Within a νCDM model we find ∑m_ν = 0.148 ± 0.081 eV. We present a consistency test of the cosmic growth rate using SPT clusters. Allowing both the growth index γ and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w to vary, we find γ = 0.73 ± 0.28 and w = –1.007 ± 0.065, demonstrating that the expansion and the growth histories are consistent with a ΛCDM universe (γ = 0.55; w = –1).
Published: 2015

305. The Redshift Evolution of the Mean Temperature, Pressure, and Entropy Profiles in 80 SPT-Selected Galaxy Clusters

Author: Matthew B. Bayliss, H. M. Cho, M. Lueker, Steven W. Allen, S. S. Murray, Mark Brodwin, Christopher W. Stubbs, Stephen Padin, Elizabeth George, Erik Shirokoff, Joseph J. Mohr, K. A. Aird, Ryan Keisler, K. K. Schaffer, Matt Dobbs, L. M. Mocanu, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, A. T. Crites, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Armin Rest, Alejandro Clocchiatti, A. Saro, B. Stalder, John E. Carlstrom, Eric D. Miller, T. M. Crawford, Daniel P. Marrone, J. T. Sayre, Christian L. Reichardt, Sebastian Bocquet, T. de Haan, Adam Mantz, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, W. L. Holzapfel, E. M. Leitch, Spencer A. Stanford, J. D. Hrubes, Lloyd Knox, William R. Forman, C. Pryke, Adrian T. Lee, Helmuth Spieler, A. Zenteno, Lindsey Bleem, Jeff McMahon, N. W. Halverson, R. Williamson, Antony A. Stark, Keith Vanderlinde, Mark W. Bautz, Christine M. Jones, J. E. Ruhl, R. J. Foley, S. S. Meyer, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Z. K. Staniszewski, Michael McDonald, K. T. Story, Jiayi Liu, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, Michael D. Gladders, Alexey Vikhlinin, C. L. Chang, Mcdonald, M., Benson, B. A., Vikhlinin, A., Aird, K. A., Allen, S. W., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Miller, E. D., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Stubbs, C. W., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, X-rays: galaxies:clusters, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxies:cluster [X-rays], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Flattening, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Entropy (information theory), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, early universe, South Pole Telescope, clusters: intracluster medium [galaxies], galaxies: clusters: general, Space and Planetary Science, Halo, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: (Abridged) We present the results of an X-ray analysis of 80 galaxy clusters selected in the 2500 deg^2 South Pole Telescope survey and observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We divide the full sample into subsamples of ~20 clusters based on redshift and central density, performing an X-ray fit to all clusters in a subsample simultaneously, assuming self-similarity of the temperature profile. This approach allows us to constrain the shape of the temperature profile over 0R500) regions than their low-z (0.3R500 in our high-z subsample. This flattening is consistent with a temperature bias due to the enhanced (~3x) rate at which group-mass (~2 keV) halos, which would go undetected at our survey depth, are accreting onto the cluster at z~1. This work demonstrates a powerful method for inferring spatially-resolved cluster properties in the case where individual cluster signal-to-noise is low, but the number of observed clusters is high., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ. Updated following referee report
Published: 2014

306. Analysis of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Mass-Observable Relations using South Pole Telescope Observations of an X-ray Selected Sample of Low Mass Galaxy Clusters and Groups

Author: Jonathan Ruel, Bradford Benson, Antony A. Stark, Michael McDonald, Armin Rest, Alejandro Clocchiatti, S. S. Murray, Adrian T. Lee, B. Stalder, L. M. Mocanu, A. Zenteno, K. Vanderlinde, Jeff McMahon, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, John E. Carlstrom, Elizabeth George, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, Matthew B. Bayliss, T. de Haan, Matt Dobbs, E. M. Leitch, S. S. Meyer, C. L. Chang, Ryan J. Foley, T. M. Crawford, Shantanu Desai, Alexey Vikhlinin, Oliver Zahn, Michael D. Gladders, Joaquin Vieira, N. W. Halverson, M. Lueker, D. Gangkofner, Erik Shirokoff, W. L. Holzapfel, K. T. Story, R. Williamson, J. P. Dietrich, Sebastian Bocquet, J. E. Ruhl, Marshall W. Bautz, H. M. Cho, Jiayi Liu, Mark Brodwin, Stephen Padin, K. A. Aird, M. L. N. Ashby, Joseph J. Mohr, C. Pryke, A. Saro, R. Šuhada, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, Christian L. Reichardt, C. Hennig, I-Non Chiu, D. Luong-Van, C. Jones, Ryan Keisler, Z. K. Staniszewski, Helmuth Spieler, A. T. Crites, Lindsey Bleem, Liu, J., Mohr, J., Saro, A., Aird, K. A., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiu, I., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Foley, R. J., Gangkofner, D., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Hennig, C., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Pryke, C., L. Reichardt, C., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Šuhada, R., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], Astrophysics, clusters: intracluster medium [Galaxies], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, education, Galaxy cluster, Physics, education.field_of_study, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: clusters: general, Galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy, Quasar, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, South Pole Telescope, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: (Abridged) We use 95, 150, and 220GHz observations from the SPT to examine the SZE signatures of a sample of 46 X-ray selected groups and clusters drawn from ~6 deg^2 of the XMM-BCS. These systems extend to redshift z=1.02, have characteristic masses ~3x lower than clusters detected directly in the SPT data and probe the SZE signal to the lowest X-ray luminosities (>10^42 erg s^-1) yet. We develop an analysis tool that combines the SZE information for the full ensemble of X-ray-selected clusters. Using X-ray luminosity as a mass proxy, we extract selection-bias corrected constraints on the SZE significance- and Y_500-mass relations. The SZE significance- mass relation is in good agreement with an extrapolation of the relation obtained from high mass clusters. However, the fit to the Y_500-mass relation at low masses, while in good agreement with the extrapolation from high mass SPT clusters, is in tension at 2.8 sigma with the constraints from the Planck sample. We examine the tension with the Planck relation, discussing sample differences and biases that could contribute. We also present an analysis of the radio galaxy point source population in this ensemble of X-ray selected systems. We find 18 of our systems have 843 MHz SUMSS sources within 2 arcmin of the X-ray centre, and three of these are also detected at significance >4 by SPT. Of these three, two are associated with the group brightest cluster galaxies, and the third is likely an unassociated quasar candidate. We examine the impact of these point sources on our SZE scaling relation analyses and find no evidence of biases. We also examine the impact of dusty galaxies using constraints from the 220 GHz data. The stacked sample provides 2.8$��$ significant evidence of dusty galaxy flux, which would correspond to an average underestimate of the SPT Y_500 signal that is (17+-9) per cent in this sample of low mass systems., 15 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2014

307. Constraints on the CMB temperature evolution using multiband measurements of the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect with the South Pole Telescope

Author: K. A. Aird, Anna Patej, N. W. Halverson, S. S. Murray, I-Non Chiu, C. L. Chang, Sebastian Bocquet, Matthew B. Bayliss, John E. Carlstrom, J. D. Hrubes, Mark Brodwin, S. S. Meyer, J. P. Dietrich, M. L. N. Ashby, Anthony H. Gonzalez, T. de Haan, J. P. Dudley, D. Gangkofner, E. M. Leitch, Elizabeth George, Oliver Zahn, J. Mehl, Joaquin Vieira, Matt Dobbs, Ryan J. Foley, C. Hennig, T. M. Crawford, Michael D. Gladders, R. Williamson, Christian L. Reichardt, Alexey Vikhlinin, Jonathan Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, Antony A. Stark, Bradford Benson, Alejandro Clocchiatti, Stephen Padin, B. Stalder, M. Lueker, W. L. Holzapfel, Z. K. Staniszewski, K. T. Story, Lindsey Bleem, D. Nurgaliev, Michael McDonald, C. Jones, Joseph J. Mohr, A. Saro, Jiayi Liu, A. T. Crites, Shantanu Desai, L. M. Mocanu, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, Helmuth Spieler, Klaus Dolag, Daniel P. Marrone, K. K. Schaffer, D. Luong-Van, Armin Rest, Adrian T. Lee, K. Vanderlinde, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Jeff McMahon, T. E. Montroy, H. M. Cho, Ryan Keisler, C. Pryke, A. Zenteno, A. van Engelen, Erik Shirokoff, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, Saro, A., Liu, J., Mohr, J. J., Aird, K. A., Ashby, M. L. N., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiu, I., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., de Haan, T., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Dolag, K., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Gangkofner, D., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Hennig, C., Hlavacek-Larrondo, J., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Patej, A., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: general [Submillimetre], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Cosmology, theory [Cosmology], Galaxy cluster, Physics, Cosmology: observations, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, Submillimetre: general, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cosmology: theory, Galaxies: clusters: general, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The adiabatic evolution of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a key prediction of standard cosmology. We study deviations from the expected adiabatic evolution of the CMB temperature of the form $T(z) =T_0(1+z)^{1-\alpha}$ using measurements of the spectrum of the Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect with the South Pole Telescope (SPT). We present a method for using the ratio of the Sunyaev Zel'dovich signal measured at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPT data to constrain the temperature of the CMB. We demonstrate that this approach provides unbiased results using mock observations of clusters from a new set of hydrodynamical simulations. We apply this method to a sample of 158 SPT-selected clusters, spanning the redshift range $0.05 < z < 1.35$, and measure $\alpha = 0.017^{+0.030}_{-0.028}$, consistent with the standard model prediction of $\alpha=0$. In combination with other published results, we constrain $\alpha = 0.011 \pm 0.016$, an improvement of $\sim 20\%$ over published constraints. This measurement also provides a strong constraint on the effective equation of state in models of decaying dark energy $w_\mathrm{eff} = -0.987^{+0.016}_{-0.017}$., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS Letters
Published: 2014

308. Optical spectroscopy and velocity dispersions of galaxy clusters from the SPT-SZ survey

Author: Mark Brodwin, M. L. N. Ashby, Armin Rest, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, S. A. Stanford, Marshall Joy, Christopher W. Stubbs, J. P. Dudley, J. Song, T. Natoli, W. L. Holzapfel, J. T. Sayre, K. Vanderlinde, Jeff McMahon, Ryan J. Foley, Scott Chapman, Adam Mantz, Sebastian Bocquet, K. A. Aird, Matt Dobbs, Elizabeth George, Robert Armstrong, Matthew B. Bayliss, Michael McDonald, William R. Forman, S. S. Murray, T. M. Crawford, Joseph J. Mohr, K. K. Schaffer, J. Mehl, A. Saro, Marshall W. Bautz, R. Suhada, B. Stalder, N. W. Halverson, Benjamin Saliwanchik, T. E. Montroy, Gilbert Holder, M. Lueker, A. Clocchiatti, A. van Engelen, Christian L. Reichardt, D. Nurgaliev, Stephen Padin, O. Zahn, Alfredo Zenteno, Michael D. Gladders, Antony A. Stark, Erik Shirokoff, C. Jones, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Joaquin Vieira, Lindsey Bleem, S. S. Meyer, A. T. Crites, S. Desai, C. Pryke, E. M. Leitch, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, H. M. Cho, Ryan Keisler, Alexey Vikhlinin, G. Bazin, T. Plagge, Z. Staniszewski, Helmuth Spieler, L. M. Mocanu, Daniel P. Marrone, L. Shaw, F. W. High, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, C. L. Chang, N. L. Harrington, John E. Carlstrom, T. de Haan, K. T. Story, Jiayi Liu, Ruel, J., Bazin, G., Bayliss, M., Brodwin, M., Foley, R. J., Stalder, B., Aird, K. A., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chapman, S. C., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Šuhada, R., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Starsk, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Physics, catalog, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, galaxies: clusters: general, Space and Planetary Science, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Spectroscopy, Scaling, catalogs, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present optical spectroscopy of galaxies in clusters detected through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect with the South Pole Telescope (SPT). We report our own measurements of $61$ spectroscopic cluster redshifts, and $48$ velocity dispersions each calculated with more than $15$ member galaxies. This catalog also includes $19$ dispersions of SPT-observed clusters previously reported in the literature. The majority of the clusters in this paper are SPT-discovered; of these, most have been previously reported in other SPT cluster catalogs, and five are reported here as SPT discoveries for the first time. By performing a resampling analysis of galaxy velocities, we find that unbiased velocity dispersions can be obtained from a relatively small number of member galaxies ($\lesssim 30$), but with increased systematic scatter. We use this analysis to determine statistical confidence intervals that include the effect of membership selection. We fit scaling relations between the observed cluster velocity dispersions and mass estimates from SZ and X-ray observables. In both cases, the results are consistent with the scaling relation between velocity dispersion and mass expected from dark-matter simulations. We measure a $\sim$30% log-normal scatter in dispersion at fixed mass, and a $\sim$10% offset in the normalization of the dispersion-mass relation when compared to the expectation from simulations, which is within the expected level of systematic uncertainty., Comment: Accepted to ApJ. 20 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2014

309. Cosmological constraints from sunyaev-zel'dovich-selected clusters with X-ray observations in the first 178 deg 2 of the south pole telescope survey

Author: B. A. Benson, T. de Haan, J. P. Dudley, C. L. Reichardt, K. A. Aird, K. Andersson, R. Armstrong, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Bautz, M. Bayliss, G. Bazin, L. E. Bleem, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, H. M. Cho, A. Clocchiatti, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, S. Desai, M. A. Dobbs, R. J. Foley, W. R. Forman, E. M. George, M. D. Gladders, A. H. Gonzalez, N. W. Halverson, N. Harrington, F. W. High, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, S. Hoover, J. D. Hrubes, C. Jones, M. Joy, R. Keisler, L. Knox, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, J. Liu, M. Lueker, D. Luong-Van, A. Mantz, D. P. Marrone, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, J. Mehl, S. S. Meyer, L. Mocanu, J. J. Mohr, T. E. Montroy, S. S. Murray, T. Natoli, S. Padin, T. Plagge, C. Pryke, A. Rest, J. Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, B. R. Saliwanchik, A. Saro, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, L. Shaw, E. Shirokoff, J. Song, H. G. Spieler, B. Stalder, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, C. W. Stubbs, R. Suhada, A. van Engelen, K. Vanderlinde, J. D. Vieira, A. Vikhlinin, R. Williamson, O. Zahn, A. Zenteno, Benson, B. A., De Haan, T., Dudley, J. P., Reichardt, C. L., Aird, K. A., Andersson, K., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Suhada, R., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: general, large-scale structure of universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Equation of state (cosmology), Astronomy and Astrophysic, CMB cold spot, South Pole Telescope, Dark energy, symbols, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Hubble's law, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: We use measurements from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) cluster survey in combination with X-ray measurements to constrain cosmological parameters. We present a statistical method that fits for the scaling relations of the SZ and X-ray cluster observables with mass while jointly fitting for cosmology. The method is generalizable to multiple cluster observables, and self-consistently accounts for the effects of the cluster selection and uncertainties in cluster mass calibration on the derived cosmological constraints. We apply this method to a data set consisting of an SZ-selected catalog of 18 galaxy clusters at z > 0.3 from the first 178 deg^2 of the 2500 deg^2 SPT-SZ survey, with 14 clusters having X-ray observations from either Chandra or XMM-Newton. Assuming a spatially flat ΛCDM cosmological model, we find the SPT cluster sample constrains σ_8(Ω_m /0.25)^(0.30) = 0.785 ± 0.037. In combination with measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum from the SPT and the seven-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data, the SPT cluster sample constrains σ_8 = 0.795 ± 0.016 and Ω_m = 0.255 ± 0.016, a factor of 1.5 improvement on each parameter over the CMB data alone. We consider several extensions beyond the ΛCDM model by including the following as free parameters: the dark energy equation of state (w), the sum of the neutrino masses (Σm ν), the effective number of relativistic species (N_(eff)), and a primordial non-Gaussianity (f_(NL)). We find that adding the SPT cluster data significantly improves the constraints on w and Σm_ν beyond those found when using measurements of the CMB, supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the Hubble constant. Considering each extension independently, we best constrain w = –0.973 ± 0.063 and the sum of neutrino masses Σm_ν < 0.28 eV at 95% confidence, a factor of 1.25 and 1.4 improvement, respectively, over the constraints without clusters. Assuming a ΛCDM model with a free N_(eff) and Σm_ν, we measure N_(eff) = 3.91 ± 0.42 and constrain Σm_ν < 0.63 eV at 95% confidence. We also use the SPT cluster sample to constrain f_(NL) = –220 ± 317, consistent with zero primordial non-Gaussianity. Finally, we discuss the current systematic limitations due to the cluster mass calibration, and future improvements for the recently completed 2500 deg^2 SPT-SZ survey. The survey has detected ~500 clusters with a median redshift of ~0.5 and a median mass of ~2.3 × 10^(14) M_☉ h^(–1) and, when combined with an improved cluster mass calibration and existing external cosmological data sets will significantly improve constraints on w.
Published: 2013

310. SPT-CL J0205-5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved Massive Galaxy Cluster in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey

Author: Christopher W. Stubbs, C. L. Chang, T. Plagge, Stephen S. Murray, K. Vanderlinde, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, K. A. Aird, Elizabeth George, F. W. High, M. Lueker, Mark Brodwin, A. Zenteno, Jeff McMahon, C. Pryke, T. E. Montroy, A. van Engelen, D. Gettings, Erik Shirokoff, J. Mehl, J. T. Sayre, T. Natoli, Ryan Keisler, Armin Rest, R. Šuhada, Adam Mantz, John E. Carlstrom, Adrian T. Lee, G. Bazin, Shantanu Desai, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, L. M. Mocanu, Marshall Joy, Christine Jones, E. M. Leitch, K. Andersson, Michael D. Gladders, Joseph J. Mohr, Alexey Vikhlinin, K. K. Schaffer, Robert Armstrong, Daniel P. Marrone, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, Michael McDonald, Christian L. Reichardt, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, A. Saro, Stephen Padin, L. Shaw, Spencer A. Stanford, R. Williamson, Lloyd Knox, D. Nurgaliev, J. P. Dudley, N. L. Harrington, S. Hoover, R. J. Foley, W. L. Holzapfel, Matthew L. N. Ashby, Antony A. Stark, Mark W. Bautz, Z. K. Staniszewski, William R. Forman, J. E. Ruhl, Matthew B. Bayliss, Helmuth Spieler, Lindsey Bleem, H. M. Cho, Benjamin Saliwanchik, A. T. Crites, Gilbert Holder, K. T. Story, S. S. Meyer, Jiayi Liu, Matt Dobbs, T. M. Crawford, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, N. W. Halverson, Stalder, B., Ruel, J., Šuhada, R., Brodwin, M., Aird, K. A., Andersson, K., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, galaxies: Formation, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), early universe, galaxies: clusters: individual (SPT-CL J0205?5829), galaxies: evolution, large-scale structure of universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 10. No inequality, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, evolution [galaxies], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, clusters: individual (SPT-CL J0205?5829) [galaxies], Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Formation [galaxies], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0205-5829 currently has the highest spectroscopically-confirmed redshift, z=1.322, in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. XMM-Newton observations measure a core-excluded temperature of Tx=8.7keV producing a mass estimate that is consistent with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich derived mass. The combined SZ and X-ray mass estimate of M500=(4.9+/-0.8)e14 h_{70}^{-1} Msun makes it the most massive known SZ-selected galaxy cluster at z>1.2 and the second most massive at z>1. Using optical and infrared observations, we find that the brightest galaxies in SPT-CL J0205-5829 are already well evolved by the time the universe was 3 Gyr, and low rates of star formation (, 11 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2013

311. High-redshift Cool-core Galaxy Clusters Detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the South Pole Telescope Survey

Author: L. M. Mocanu, M. Lueker, Daniel P. Marrone, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, Mark Brodwin, T. Plagge, Matt Dobbs, John E. Carlstrom, Christine Jones, K. A. Aird, A. Zenteno, R. Williamson, Matthew B. Bayliss, A. van Engelen, Jeff McMahon, J. E. Ruhl, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, E. M. Leitch, M. L. N. Ashby, T. E. Montroy, R. Šuhada, T. M. Crawford, Michael McDonald, Alejandro Clocchiatti, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, S. S. Murray, Christian L. Reichardt, J. D. Hrubes, B. Stalder, S. S. Meyer, C. L. Chang, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Ryan Keisler, Shantanu Desai, Antony A. Stark, Lloyd Knox, Mark W. Bautz, Michael D. Gladders, N. W. Halverson, Alexey Vikhlinin, T. Natoli, K. K. Schaffer, K. T. Story, Marshall Joy, Erik Shirokoff, J. Mehl, Stephen Padin, Christopher W. Stubbs, Sebastian Bocquet, K. Vanderlinde, Jiayi Liu, C. Pryke, F. W. High, Joseph J. Mohr, J. P. Dudley, W. L. Holzapfel, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, A. Saro, Armin Rest, N. L. Harrington, Adrian T. Lee, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, L. Shaw, R. J. Foley, S. Hoover, Helmuth Spieler, Elizabeth George, Lindsey Bleem, H. M. Cho, A. T. Crites, D. R. Semler, G. Bazin, Z. K. Staniszewski, Semler, D. R., Šuhada, R., Aird, K. A., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Bocquet, S., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, galaxies: cluster [X-rays], South Pole Telescope, galaxies: clusters: general, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg^2 observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (> 3 x 10^14 M_sun h^-1_70) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (cSB) and cuspiness (��). We find that cSB is better constrained. We measure cSB for the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4�� level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z cSB distribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time., 9 pages, 5 figures. Version as published in December 20th, 2012 issue of ApJ
Published: 2012

312. Galaxy clusters discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the first 720 square degrees of the South Pole Telescope survey

Author: N. W. Halverson, S. Hoover, John E. Carlstrom, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, E. M. Leitch, Matthew B. Bayliss, M. L. N. Ashby, A. Zenteno, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, K. A. Aird, Bradford Benson, M. Lueker, K. T. Story, T. Plagge, Christopher W. Stubbs, Alejandro Clocchiatti, Matt Dobbs, B. Stalder, Michael McDonald, J. P. Dudley, Alexey Vikhlinin, Jiayi Liu, Elizabeth George, A. van Engelen, L. Shaw, Michael D. Gladders, K. Vanderlinde, T. M. Crawford, S. S. Murray, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, Benjamin Saliwanchik, F. W. High, G. Bazin, Gilbert Holder, Hsiao-Mei Cho, J. D. Hrubes, W. L. Holzapfel, N. L. Harrington, Mark Brodwin, Anthony H. Gonzalez, T. Natoli, C. L. Chang, Marshall Joy, L. M. Mocanu, Ryan Keisler, William R. Forman, Jeff McMahon, Armin Rest, Z. K. Staniszewski, Shantanu Desai, Adrian T. Lee, J. Mehl, Antony A. Stark, K. Andersson, Daniel P. Marrone, Mark W. Bautz, Stephen Padin, Robert Armstrong, Christine Jones, A. Saro, C. Pryke, Erik Shirokoff, T. E. Montroy, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, R. Šuhada, S. S. Meyer, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, Christian L. Reichardt, Lloyd Knox, Joseph J. Mohr, K. K. Schaffer, R. J. Foley, A. T. Crites, Helmuth Spieler, Lindsey Bleem, Reichardt, C. L., Stalder, B., Bleem, L. E., Montroy, T. E., Aird, K. A., Andersson, K., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Šuhada, R., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: galaxies: clusters: individual, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Infrared, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, clusters: individual [galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Neutrino, observation [cosmology], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalog of 224 galaxy cluster candidates, selected through their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signature in the first 720 deg2 of the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey. This area was mapped with the SPT in the 2008 and 2009 austral winters to a depth of 18 uK-arcmin at 150 GHz; 550 deg2 of it was also mapped to 44 uK-arcmin at 95 GHz. Based on optical imaging of all candidates and near-infrared imaging of the majority of candidates, we have found optical and/or infrared counterparts for 158 clusters. Of these, 135 were first identified as clusters in SPT data, including 117 new discoveries reported in this work. This catalog triples the number of confirmed galaxy clusters discovered through the SZ effect. We report photometrically derived (and in some cases spectroscopic) redshifts for confirmed clusters and redshift lower limits for the remaining candidates. The catalog extends to high redshift with a median redshift of z = 0.55 and maximum redshift of z = 1.37. Based on simulations, we expect the catalog to be nearly 100% complete above M500 ~ 5e14 Msun h_{70}^-1 at z > 0.6. There are 121 candidates detected at signal-to-noise greater than five, at which the catalog purity is measured to be 95%. From this high-purity subsample, we exclude the z < 0.3 clusters and use the remaining 100 candidates to improve cosmological constraints following the method presented by Benson et al., 2011. Adding the cluster data to CMB+BAO+H0 data leads to a preference for non-zero neutrino masses while only slightly reducing the upper limit on the sum of neutrino masses to sum mnu < 0.38 eV (95% CL). For a spatially flat wCDM cosmological model, the addition of this catalog to the CMB+BAO+H0+SNe results yields sigma8=0.807+-0.027 and w = -1.010+-0.058, improving the constraints on these parameters by a factor of 1.4 and 1.3, respectively. [abbrev], 22 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2012

313. Redshifts, sample purity, and BCG positions for the galaxy cluster catalog from the first 720 square degrees of the south pole telescope survey

Author: T. Plagge, G. Bazin, Christopher W. Stubbs, K. Vanderlinde, A. van Engelen, Antony A. Stark, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, W. L. Holzapfel, M. A. Dobbs, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, Elizabeth George, Armin Rest, Adrian T. Lee, John E. Carlstrom, Shantanu Desai, M. Lueker, Mark Brodwin, Z. K. Staniszewski, T. E. Montroy, Michael McDonald, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, T. M. Crawford, J. T. Sayre, Bradford Benson, K. A. Aird, E. M. Leitch, Marshall Joy, R. Šuhada, Matthew B. Bayliss, A. Saro, Stephen Padin, D. Nurgaliev, L. Shaw, Benjamin Saliwanchik, S. Hoover, J. D. Hrubes, J. P. Dudley, Gilbert Holder, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Ryan Keisler, K. K. Schaffer, N. W. Halverson, K. T. Story, E. Bertin, N. L. Harrington, C. L. Chang, Jiayi Liu, Jeff McMahon, M. L. N. Ashby, J. Mehl, Michael D. Gladders, Erik Shirokoff, L. M. Mocanu, T. Natoli, Daniel P. Marrone, A. Zenteno, C. Pryke, Helmuth Spieler, Lindsey Bleem, H. M. Cho, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, S. S. Meyer, A. T. Crites, Christian L. Reichardt, R. J. Foley, F. W. High, D. Gettings, Spencer A. Stanford, Lloyd Knox, Joseph J. Mohr, Robert Armstrong, Song, J., Zenteno, A., Stalder, B., Desai, S., Bleem, L. E., Aird, K. A., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Bertin, E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., De Haan, T., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Šuhada, R., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Williamson, R., and Zahn, O.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: distances and redshifts, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], distances and redshift [galaxies], Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Estimator, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Galaxy, South Pole Telescope, Cluster sampling, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: We present the results of the ground- and space-based optical and near-infrared (NIR) follow-up of 224 galaxy cluster candidates detected with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in the 720 deg^2 of the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey completed in the 2008 and 2009 observing seasons. We use the optical/NIR data to establish whether each candidate is associated with an overdensity of galaxies and to estimate the cluster redshift. Most photometric redshifts are derived through a combination of three different cluster redshift estimators using red-sequence galaxies, resulting in an accuracy of ��z/(1+z)=0.017, determined through comparison with a subsample of 57 clusters for which we have spectroscopic redshifts. We successfully measure redshifts for 158 systems and present redshift lower limits for the remaining candidates. The redshift distribution of the confirmed clusters extends to z=1.35 with a median of z_{med}=0.57. Approximately 18% of the sample with measured redshifts lies at z>0.8. We estimate a lower limit to the purity of this SPT SZ-selected sample by assuming that all unconfirmed clusters are noise fluctuations in the SPT data. We show that the cumulative purity at detection significance ��>5 (��>4.5) is >= 95 (>= 70%). We present the red brightest cluster galaxy (rBCG) positions for the sample and examine the offsets between the SPT candidate position and the rBCG. The radial distribution of offsets is similar to that seen in X-ray-selected cluster samples, providing no evidence that SZ-selected cluster samples include a different fraction of recent mergers than X-ray-selected cluster samples., 22 pages, 7 figures, 1 multi-page table at the end of the article
Published: 2012

314. Weak-Lensing Mass Measurements of Five Galaxy Clusters in the South Pole Telescope Survey Using Magellan/Megacam

Author: C. L. Chang, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, Henk Hoekstra, G. Bazin, Tim Schrabback, R. J. Foley, M. L. N. Ashby, Mark Brodwin, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, T. Plagge, J. Mehl, T. Natoli, H. M. Cho, C. Pryke, Michael D. Gladders, Alexey Vikhlinin, L. M. Mocanu, R. Šuhada, Matthew B. Bayliss, A. van Engelen, D. Nurgaliev, John E. Carlstrom, A. T. Crites, Shantanu Desai, M. Lueker, Christine Jones, Stephen Padin, Jizhou Song, W. L. Holzapfel, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, S. Hoover, Christian L. Reichardt, T. de Haan, Daniel P. Marrone, William R. Forman, Marshall Joy, Helmuth Spieler, E. M. Leitch, Erik Shirokoff, K. A. Aird, Z. K. Staniszewski, Lindsey Bleem, Michael McDonald, S. S. Meyer, Christopher W. Stubbs, K. T. Story, Robert Armstrong, Lloyd Knox, T. E. Montroy, S. S. Murray, K. Vanderlinde, F. W. High, Elizabeth George, A. Zenteno, J. T. Sayre, Susan Tokarz, A. Saro, Adam Mantz, Jeff McMahon, L. Shaw, M. Conroy, Jiayi Liu, Antony A. Stark, Joseph J. Mohr, Mark W. Bautz, Armin Rest, K. K. Schaffer, Ryan Keisler, Benjamin Saliwanchik, J. P. Dudley, Gilbert Holder, Louis E. Abramson, Nicha Leethochawalit, Adrian T. Lee, N. W. Halverson, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, N. L. Harrington, Matt Dobbs, T. M. Crawford, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, High, F. W., Hoekstra, H., Leethochawalit, N., De Haan, T., Abramson, L., Aird, K. A., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Bazin, G., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Conroy, M., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N. L., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Natoli, T., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Schrabback, T., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Šuhada, R., Tokarz, S., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: galaxies: clusters: individual, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Aperture, cosmology: observations, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Primary (astronomy), law, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Galaxy cluster, Physics, clusters: individual [galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, observation [cosmology], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We use weak gravitational lensing to measure the masses of five galaxy clusters selected from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey, with the primary goal of comparing these with the SPT Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) and X-ray based mass estimates. The clusters span redshifts 0.28 < z < 0.43 and have masses M_500 > 2 x 10^14 h^-1 M_sun, and three of the five clusters were discovered by the SPT survey. We observed the clusters in the g'r'i' passbands with the Megacam imager on the Magellan Clay 6.5m telescope. We measure a mean ratio of weak lensing (WL) aperture masses to inferred aperture masses from the SZ data, both within an aperture of R_500,SZ derived from the SZ mass, of 1.04 +/- 0.18. We measure a mean ratio of spherical WL masses evaluated at R_500,SZ to spherical SZ masses of 1.07 +/- 0.18, and a mean ratio of spherical WL masses evaluated at R_500,WL to spherical SZ masses of 1.10 +/- 0.24. We explore potential sources of systematic error in the mass comparisons and conclude that all are subdominant to the statistical uncertainty, with dominant terms being cluster concentration uncertainty and N-body simulation calibration bias. Expanding the sample of SPT clusters with WL observations has the potential to significantly improve the SPT cluster mass calibration and the resulting cosmological constraints from the SPT cluster survey. These are the first WL detections using Megacam on the Magellan Clay telescope., Main body: 18 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables. Appendix: 6 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by ApJ. New version incorporates changes from accepted article
Published: 2012
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315. Discovery and Cosmological Implications of SPT-CL J2106-5844, the Most Massive Known Cluster at z>1

Author: Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Elizabeth George, A. Saro, M. Lueker, T. M. Crawford, Peter A. R. Ade, Giovanni G. Fazio, Armin Rest, Adrian T. Lee, K. Andersson, K. T. Story, N. W. Halverson, Christopher W. Stubbs, M. L. N. Ashby, Massimiliano Bonamente, Marshall Joy, T. E. Montroy, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, W. L. Holzapfel, Bradford Benson, Helmuth Spieler, K. Vanderlinde, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, K. A. Aird, Lindsey Bleem, John E. Carlstrom, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, K. K. Schaffer, Michael D. Gladders, Alexey Vikhlinin, C. L. Chang, Ryan J. Foley, Jizhou Song, M. A. Dobbs, T. de Haan, Shantanu Desai, S. Hoover, C. Pryke, A. Zenteno, Robert Armstrong, Jeff McMahon, S. S. Murray, Z. K. Staniszewski, J. Mehl, Joseph J. Mohr, A. T. Crites, E. M. Leitch, Daniel P. Marrone, L. Shaw, Joaquin Vieira, M. Brodwin, T. Plagge, Erik Shirokoff, G. Bazin, Antony A. Stark, Stephen Padin, Mark W. Bautz, J. P. Dudley, F. W. High, Christian L. Reichardt, Christine Jones, Spencer A. Stanford, Lloyd Knox, Ryan Keisler, William R. Forman, S. S. Meyer, Gordon P. Garmire, R. Williamson, J. E. Ruhl, Foley, R. J., Andersson, K., Bazin, G., De Haan, T., Ruel, J., Ade, P. A. R., Aird, K. A., Armstrong, R., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bonamente, M., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Fazio, G. G., Forman, W. R., Garmire, G., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Marrone, D. P., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Schaffer, K. K., Shaw, L., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stalder, B., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: formation [galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, clusters: individual (SPT-CL J2106-5844) [galaxies], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, galaxies: formation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, large-scale structure of universe, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: clusters: individual (SPT-CL J2106-5844), Astronomy and Astrophysic, K-line, early universe, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: evolution, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Using the South Pole Telescope (SPT), we have discovered the most massive known galaxy cluster at z > 1, SPT-CL J2106-5844. In addition to producing a strong Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect signal, this system is a luminous X-ray source and its numerous constituent galaxies display spatial and color clustering, all indicating the presence of a massive galaxy cluster. VLT and Magellan spectroscopy of 18 member galaxies shows that the cluster is at z = 1.132^+0.002_-0.003. Chandra observations obtained through a combined HRC-ACIS GTO program reveal an X-ray spectrum with an Fe K line redshifted by z = 1.18 +/- 0.03. These redshifts are consistent with galaxy colors in extensive optical, near-infrared, and mid-infrared imaging. SPT-CL J2106-5844 displays extreme X-ray properties for a cluster, having a core-excluded temperature of kT = 11.0^+2.6_-1.9 keV and a luminosity (within r_500) of L_X (0.5 - 2.0 keV) = (13.9 +/- 1.0) x 10^44 erg/s. The combined mass estimate from measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and X-ray data is M_200 = (1.27 +/- 0.21) x 10^15 M_sun. The discovery of such a massive gravitationally collapsed system at high redshift provides an interesting laboratory for galaxy formation and evolution, and is a powerful probe of extreme perturbations of the primordial matter density field. We discuss the latter, determining that, under the assumption of LambdaCDM cosmology with only Gaussian perturbations, there is only a 7% chance of finding a galaxy cluster similar to SPT-CL J2106-5844 in the 2500 deg^2 SPT survey region, and that only one such galaxy cluster is expected in the entire sky., Comment: 10 pages, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2011

316. GALAXY CLUSTERS DISCOVERED VIA THE SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT IN THE 2500-SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY

Author: Alexey Vikhlinin, M. Lueker, Helmuth Spieler, Mark Brodwin, Lindsey Bleem, Christine Jones, C. Hennig, Sebastian Bocquet, K. A. Aird, K. T. Story, Christopher W. Stubbs, A. Zenteno, Z. K. Staniszewski, L. M. Mocanu, Jeff McMahon, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, I-Non Chiu, Michael McDonald, A. T. Crites, K. Vanderlinde, Jiayi Liu, Matthew B. Bayliss, Joseph J. Mohr, Stephen Padin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, Ryan Keisler, W. L. Holzapfel, Daniel P. Marrone, Matthew L. N. Ashby, Steven W. Allen, Henk Hoekstra, William R. Forman, Erik Shirokoff, Tim Schrabback, R. J. Foley, S. S. Meyer, Shantanu Desai, J. P. Dietrich, Antony A. Stark, Douglas Applegate, Adrian T. Lee, Christian L. Reichardt, Lloyd Knox, Mark W. Bautz, A. Saro, Armin Rest, C. Pryke, Spencer A. Stanford, R. Williamson, John E. Carlstrom, J. E. Ruhl, Jizhou Song, T. de Haan, Oliver Zahn, Joaquin Vieira, E. M. Leitch, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, Michael D. Gladders, Elizabeth George, Matt Dobbs, T. M. Crawford, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, K. K. Schaffer, N. W. Halverson, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, C. L. Chang, S. S. Murray, Alejandro Clocchiatti, B. Stalder, Bleem, L. E., Stalder, B., De Haan, T., Aird, K. A., Allen, S. W., Applegate, D. E., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M., Bayliss, M., Benson, B. A., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiu, I., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., Hennig, C., Hoekstra, H., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Schrabback, T., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Stubbs, C. W., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), clusters, cosmology, individual large-scale structure of universe Supporting material, machine-readable table, observations galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), observations galaxie, cluster, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Galaxy, Square degree, South Pole Telescope, Cluster sampling, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalog of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signature from 2500 deg$^2$ of South Pole Telescope (SPT) data. This work represents the complete sample of clusters detected at high significance in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey, which was completed in 2011. A total of 677 (409) cluster candidates are identified above a signal-to-noise threshold of $��$ =4.5 (5.0). Ground- and space-based optical and near-infrared (NIR) imaging confirms overdensities of similarly colored galaxies in the direction of 516 (or 76%) of the $��$>4.5 candidates and 387 (or 95%) of the $��$>5 candidates; the measured purity is consistent with expectations from simulations. Of these confirmed clusters, 415 were first identified in SPT data, including 251 new discoveries reported in this work. We estimate photometric redshifts for all candidates with identified optical and/or NIR counterparts; we additionally report redshifts derived from spectroscopic observations for 141 of these systems. The mass threshold of the catalog is roughly independent of redshift above $z$~0.25 leading to a sample of massive clusters that extends to high redshift. The median mass of the sample is $M_{\scriptsize 500c}(��_\mathrm{crit})$ ~ 3.5 x 10$^{14} M_\odot h^{-1}$, the median redshift is $z_{med}$ =0.55, and the highest-redshift systems are at $z$>1.4. The combination of large redshift extent, clean selection, and high typical mass makes this cluster sample of particular interest for cosmological analyses and studies of cluster formation and evolution., Minor changes to match accepted version; Associated data products available at http://pole.uchicago.edu/public/data/sptsz-clusters/index.html
Published: 2015
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317. SPT-CL J2040–4451: AN SZ-SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTER ATz= 1.478 WITH SIGNIFICANT ONGOING STAR FORMATION

Author: M. Brodwin, K. T. Story, J. D. Vieira, Jiayi Liu, J. E. Ruhl, B. Stalder, Joseph J. Mohr, Eric D. Miller, A. Saro, M. A. Dobbs, L. M. Mocanu, T. de Haan, K. A. Aird, S. A. Stanford, Daniel P. Marrone, Christian L. Reichardt, J. T. Sayre, Adam Mantz, Jeff McMahon, N. W. Halverson, Ryan J. Foley, S. S. Meyer, C. Jones, Z. Staniszewski, W. L. Holzapfel, Christopher W. Stubbs, J. Song, William R. Forman, Marshall Joy, Sebastian Bocquet, R. Williamson, K. K. Schaffer, Aaron Lee, K. Vanderlinde, S. S. Murray, Alfredo Zenteno, Marshall W. Bautz, M. L. N. Ashby, R. Suhada, J. Mehl, Stephen Padin, Ken Mawatari, Michael D. Gladders, T. E. Montroy, H. M. Cho, Matthew B. Bayliss, Ryan Keisler, A. van Engelen, Armin Rest, Michael McDonald, Lloyd Knox, T. M. Crawford, O. Zahn, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, J. D. Hrubes, Helmuth Spieler, J. P. Dudley, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Erik Shirokoff, Elizabeth George, T. Plagge, G. P. Holder, C. Pryke, M. Lueker, A. Clocchiatti, A. A. Stark, E. M. Leitch, S. Hoover, John E. Carlstrom, F. W. High, D. Gettings, Chihway Chang, A. T. Crites, S. Desai, Lindsey Bleem, Alexey Vikhlinin, Bayliss, M. B., Ashby, M. L. N., Ruel, J., Brodwin, M., Aird, K. A., Bautz, M. W., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., De Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mawatari, K., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Miller, E. D., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Stalder, B., Šuhada, R., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Stubbs, C. W., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Vikhlinin, A., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), distances and redshift [galaxies], galaxies: clusters: individual (SPT-CL J2040-4451), galaxies: distances and redshifts, galaxies: evolution, large-scale structure of universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, clusters: individual (SPT-CL J2040-4451) [galaxies], Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: SPT-CLJ2040-4451 -- spectroscopically confirmed at z = 1.478 -- is the highest redshift galaxy cluster yet discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. SPT-CLJ2040-4451 was a candidate galaxy cluster identified in the first 720 deg^2 of the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey, and confirmed in follow-up imaging and spectroscopy. From multi-object spectroscopy with Magellan-I/Baade+IMACS we measure spectroscopic redshifts for 15 cluster member galaxies, all of which have strong [O II] 3727 emission. SPT-CLJ2040-4451 has an SZ-measured mass of M_500,SZ = 3.2 +/- 0.8 X 10^14 M_Sun/h_70, corresponding to M_200,SZ = 5.8 +/- 1.4 X 10^14 M_Sun/h_70. The velocity dispersion measured entirely from blue star forming members is sigma_v = 1500 +/- 520 km/s. The prevalence of star forming cluster members (galaxies with > 1.5 M_Sun/yr) implies that this massive, high-redshift cluster is experiencing a phase of active star formation, and supports recent results showing a marked increase in star formation occurring in galaxy clusters at z >1.4. We also compute the probability of finding a cluster as rare as this in the SPT-SZ survey to be >99%, indicating that its discovery is not in tension with the concordance Lambda-CDM cosmological model., 14 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, Accepted to ApJ
Published: 2014
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318. THE GROWTH OF COOL CORES AND EVOLUTION OF COOLING PROPERTIES IN A SAMPLE OF 83 GALAXY CLUSTERS AT 0.3 <z< 1.2 SELECTED FROM THE SPT-SZ SURVEY

Author: L. M. Mocanu, Armin Rest, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Daniel P. Marrone, William R. Forman, M. L. N. Ashby, Jeff McMahon, S. A. Stanford, J. Song, K. Vanderlinde, K. T. Story, Lindsey Bleem, T. Plagge, S. S. Meyer, Z. Staniszewski, Ryan J. Foley, R. Suhada, W. L. Holzapfel, Michael D. Gladders, A. van Engelen, Antony A. Stark, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Jiayi Liu, J. E. Ruhl, Joseph J. Mohr, F. W. High, Erik Shirokoff, Alexey Vikhlinin, Matthew B. Bayliss, A. Saro, Sebastian Bocquet, R. Williamson, M. A. Dobbs, Joaquin Vieira, D. Gettings, H. M. Cho, J. Mehl, M. Brodwin, Elizabeth George, J. T. Sayre, B. Stalder, John E. Carlstrom, Adam Mantz, Henry W. Lin, Eric D. Miller, Christian L. Reichardt, Jonathan Ruel, Daniel M. Luong-Van, Bradford Benson, A. T. Crites, C. Pryke, Ryan Keisler, M. Lueker, A. Clocchiatti, T. E. Montroy, Helmuth Spieler, D. Nurgaliev, S. Desai, S. Hoover, E. M. Leitch, C. L. Chang, Marshall W. Bautz, K. K. Schaffer, Stephen Padin, O. Zahn, Marshall Joy, S. S. Murray, T. de Haan, K. A. Aird, Mike McDonald, J. P. Dudley, T. M. Crawford, J. D. Hrubes, Anthony H. Gonzalez, N. W. Halverson, Alfredo Zenteno, C. Jones, Mcdonald, M., Benson, B. A., Vikhlinin, A., Stalder, B., Bleem, L. E., De Haan, T., Lin, H. W., Aird, K. A., Ashby, M. L. N., Bautz, M. W., Bayliss, M., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Cho, H. M., Clocchiatti, A., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., Desai, S., Dobbs, M. A., Dudley, J. P., Foley, R. J., Forman, W. R., George, E. M., Gettings, D., Gladders, M. D., Gonzalez, A. H., Halverson, N. W., High, F. W., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hoover, S., Hrubes, J. D., Jones, C., Joy, M., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E. M., Liu, J., Lueker, M., Luong-Van, D., Mantz, A., Marrone, D. P., Mcmahon, J. J., Mehl, J., Meyer, S. S., Miller, E. D., Mocanu, L., Mohr, J. J., Montroy, T. E., Murray, S. S., Nurgaliev, D., Padin, S., Plagge, T., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Rest, A., Ruel, J., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Shirokoff, E., Song, J., Šuhada, R., Spieler, H. G., Stanford, S. A., Staniszewski, Z., Stark, A. A., Story, K., Van Engelen, A., Vanderlinde, K., Vieira, J. D., Williamson, R., Zahn, O., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, early universe, galaxies: clusters: general, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Sample (material), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Cooling flow, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, galaxies: cluster [X-rays], Amplitude, clusters: intracluster medium [galaxies], 13. Climate action, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present first results on the cooling properties derived from Chandra X-ray observations of 83 high-redshift (0.3 < z < 1.2) massive galaxy clusters selected by their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signature in the South Pole Telescope data. We measure each cluster's central cooling time, central entropy, and mass deposition rate, and compare to local cluster samples. We find no significant evolution from z~0 to z~1 in the distribution of these properties, suggesting that cooling in cluster cores is stable over long periods of time. We also find that the average cool core entropy profile in the inner ~100 kpc has not changed dramatically since z ~ 1, implying that feedback must be providing nearly constant energy injection to maintain the observed "entropy floor" at ~10 keV cm^2. While the cooling properties appear roughly constant over long periods of time, we observe strong evolution in the gas density profile, with the normalized central density (rho_0/rho_crit) increasing by an order of magnitude from z ~ 1 to z ~ 0. When using metrics defined by the inner surface brightness profile of clusters, we find an apparent lack of classical, cuspy, cool-core clusters at z > 0.75, consistent with earlier reports for clusters at z > 0.5 using similar definitions. Our measurements indicate that cool cores have been steadily growing over the 8 Gyr spanned by our sample, consistent with a constant, ~150 Msun/yr cooling flow that is unable to cool below entropies of 10 keV cm^2 and, instead, accumulates in the cluster center. We estimate that cool cores began to assemble in these massive systems at z ~ 1, which represents the first constraints on the onset of cooling in galaxy cluster cores. We investigate several potential biases which could conspire to mimic this cool core evolution and are unable to find a bias that has a similar redshift dependence and a substantial amplitude., Comment: 17 pages with 15 figures, plus appendix. Published in ApJ
Published: 2013
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319. First Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization Using the Non-Gaussianity of the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect from the South Pole Telescope and Herschel-SPIRE Observations.

Author: Raghunathan S, Ade PAR, Anderson AJ, Ansarinejad B, Archipley M, Austermann JE, Balkenhol L, Beall JA, Benabed K, Bender AN, Benson BA, Bianchini F, Bleem LE, Bock J, Bouchet FR, Bryant L, Camphuis E, Carlstrom JE, Cecil TW, Chang CL, Chaubal P, Chiang HC, Chichura PM, Chou TL, Citron R, Coerver A, Crawford TM, Crites AT, Cukierman A, Daley C, Dibert KR, Dobbs MA, Doussot A, Dutcher D, Everett W, Feng C, Ferguson KR, Fichman K, Foster A, Galli S, Gallicchio J, Gambrel AE, Gardner RW, Ge F, George EM, Goeckner-Wald N, Gualtieri R, Guidi F, Guns S, Gupta N, de Haan T, Halverson NW, Hivon E, Holder GP, Holzapfel WL, Hood JC, Hrubes JD, Hryciuk A, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin KD, Kéruzoré F, Khalife AR, Knox L, Korman M, Kornoelje K, Kuo CL, Lee AT, Levy K, Li D, Lowitz AE, Lu C, Maniyar A, Martsen ES, McMahon JJ, Menanteau F, Millea M, Montgomery J, Corbett Moran C, Nakato Y, Natoli T, Nibarger JP, Noble GI, Novosad V, Omori Y, Padin S, Pan Z, Paschos P, Patil S, Phadke KA, Prabhu K, Pryke C, Quan W, Rahimi M, Rahlin A, Reichardt CL, Rouble M, Ruhl JE, Saliwanchik BR, Schaffer KK, Schiappucci E, Sievers C, Smecher G, Sobrin JA, Stark AA, Stephen J, Suzuki A, Tandoi C, Thompson KL, Thorne B, Trendafilova C, Tucker C, Umilta C, Veach T, Vieira JD, Viero MP, Wan Y, Wang G, Whitehorn N, Wu WLK, Yefremenko V, Young MR, Zebrowski JA, and Zemcov M
Abstract: We report results from an analysis aimed at detecting the trispectrum of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect by combining data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and Herschel-SPIRE experiments over a 100 deg^{2} field. The SPT observations combine data from the previous and current surveys, namely SPTpol and SPT-3G, to achieve depths of 4.5, 3, and 16 μK-arcmin in bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. For SPIRE, we include data from the 600 and 857 GHz bands. We reconstruct the velocity-induced large-scale correlation of the small-scale kSZ signal with a quadratic estimator that uses two cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps, constructed by optimally combining data from all the frequency bands. We reject the null hypothesis of a zero trispectrum at 10.3σ level. However, the measured trispectrum contains contributions from both the kSZ and other undesired components, such as CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds, with kSZ being sub-dominant. We use the agora simulations to estimate the expected signal from CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds. After accounting for the contributions from CMB lensing and foreground signals, we do not detect an excess kSZ-only trispectrum and use this nondetection to set constraints on reionization. By applying a prior based on observations of the Gunn-Peterson trough, we obtain an upper limit on the duration of reionization of Δz_{re,50}<4.5 (95% confidence level). We find these constraints are fairly robust to foregrounds assumptions. This trispectrum measurement is independent of, but consistent with, Planck's optical depth measurement. This result is the first constraint on the epoch of reionization using the non-Gaussian nature of the kSZ signal.
Published: 2024
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320. Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol.

Author: Raghunathan S, Patil S, Baxter E, Benson BA, Bleem LE, Crawford TM, Holder GP, McClintock T, Reichardt CL, Varga TN, Whitehorn N, Ade PAR, Allam S, Anderson AJ, Austermann JE, Avila S, Avva JS, Bacon D, Beall JA, Bender AN, Bianchini F, Bocquet S, Brooks D, Burke DL, Carlstrom JE, Carretero J, Castander FJ, Chang CL, Chiang HC, Citron R, Costanzi M, Crites AT, da Costa LN, Desai S, Diehl HT, Dietrich JP, Dobbs MA, Doel P, Everett S, Evrard AE, Feng C, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, Gallicchio J, García-Bellido J, Gaztanaga E, George EM, Giannantonio T, Gilbert A, Gruendl RA, Gschwend J, Gupta N, Gutierrez G, de Haan T, Halverson NW, Harrington N, Henning JW, Hilton GC, Hollowood DL, Holzapfel WL, Honscheid K, Hrubes JD, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin KD, Jeltema T, Kind MC, Knox L, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Lee AT, Li D, Lima M, Lowitz A, Maia MAG, Marshall JL, McMahon JJ, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Meyer SS, Miquel R, Mocanu LM, Mohr JJ, Montgomery J, Moran CC, Nadolski A, Natoli T, Nibarger JP, Noble G, Novosad V, Ogando RLC, Padin S, Plazas AA, Pryke C, Rapetti D, Romer AK, Roodman A, Rosell AC, Rozo E, Ruhl JE, Rykoff ES, Saliwanchik BR, Sanchez E, Sayre JT, Scarpine V, Schaffer KK, Schubnell M, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Sievers C, Smecher G, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Stark AA, Story KT, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Veach T, De Vicente J, Vieira JD, Vikram V, Wang G, Wu WLK, Yefremenko V, and Zhang Y
Abstract: We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes QU map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500 deg^{2} survey at the locations of roughly 18 000 clusters with richness λ≥10 from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at 4.8σ. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be (1.43±0.40)×10^{14}M_{⊙} which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements.
Published: 2019
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321. Evaluating testosterone as a phenotypic integrator: From tissues to individuals to species.

Author: Lipshutz SE, George EM, Bentz AB, and Rosvall KA
Subjects: Animals, Humans, Male, Organ Specificity physiology, Species Specificity, Endocrine System metabolism, Receptors, Androgen metabolism, Signal Transduction physiology, Testosterone metabolism
Abstract: Hormones have the potential to bring about rapid phenotypic change; however, they are highly conserved over millions of years of evolution. Here, we examine the evolution of hormone-mediated phenotypes, and the extent to which regulation is achieved via independence or integration of the many components of endocrine systems. We focus on the sex steroid testosterone (T), its cognate receptor (androgen receptor) and related endocrine components. We pose predictions about the mechanisms underlying phenotypic integration, including coordinated sensitivity to T within and among tissues and along the HPG axis. We then assess these predictions with case studies from wild birds, asking whether gene expression related to androgenic signaling naturally co-varies among individuals in ways that would promote phenotypic integration. Finally, we review how mechanisms of integration and independence vary over developmental or evolutionary time, and we find limited support for integration., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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322. Etiology of Above-knee Amputations in the United States: Is Periprosthetic Joint Infection an Emerging Cause?

Author: George J, Navale SM, Nageeb EM, Curtis GL, Klika AK, Barsoum WK, Mont MA, and Higuera CA
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases surgery, Databases, Factual, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms surgery, Prosthesis-Related Infections diagnosis, Prosthesis-Related Infections microbiology, Reoperation, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Time Factors, United States epidemiology, Wounds and Injuries epidemiology, Wounds and Injuries surgery, Young Adult, Amputation, Surgical trends, Arthroplasty, Replacement adverse effects, Arthroplasty, Replacement instrumentation, Joint Prosthesis adverse effects, Prosthesis-Related Infections epidemiology, Prosthesis-Related Infections surgery
Abstract: Background: Above-knee amputation (AKA) is a morbid procedure and is performed for a number of conditions. Although AKA is usually performed for dysvascular disease, trauma, and malignancy, AKA is also considered in patients who have failed multiple salvage attempts at treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of TKA. Although aggressive measures are being taken to treat PJI, the huge volume of TKAs might result in a large number of AKAs being performed for PJI in the United States. However, the national trends in the incidence of AKAs from different etiologies and the relative contribution of different etiologies to AKA are yet to be studied., Questions/purposes: (1) What are the temporal trends in the incidence of AKAs (from all causes) in the US population from 1998 to 2013? (2) What are the temporal trends in the incidence of AKAs by etiology (dysvascular disease, trauma, malignancy, and PJI)? (3) What are the temporal trends in the relative contribution of different etiologies to AKA?, Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 1998 to 2013, AKAs were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 9 Revision (ICD-9) procedure code 84.17. The NIS database is the largest all-payer database in the United States containing information on approximately 20% of all the hospital admissions in the country. As a result of its sampling design, it allows for estimation of procedural volumes at the national level. All AKAs were grouped into one of the following five etiologies in a sequential manner using ICD-9 diagnosis codes: malignancy, PJI, trauma, dysvascular disease (peripheral vascular disease, diabetic, or a combination), and others. All of the numbers were converted to national estimates using sampling weights provided by the NIS, and the national incidence of AKAs resulting from various etiologies was calculated using the US population as the denominator. Poisson and linear regression analyses were used to analyze the annual trends., Results: From 1998 to 2013, the incidence of AKAs decreased by 47% from 174 to 92 AKAs per 1 million adults (incidence rate ratio [IRR]; change in the number of AKAs per 1 million adults per year; 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96-0.96; p < 0.001). The incidence of AKAs resulting from PJI increased by 263% (IRR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06-1.07; p < 0.001). An increase was also observed for AKAs from malignancy (IRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; p = 0.007), although to a smaller extent. AKAs from dysvascular causes (IRR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.96; p < 0.001) and other etiologies (IRR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.97; p < 0.001) decreased. There was no change in the incidence of AKAs related to trauma (IRR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99-1.00; p = 0.088). The proportion of AKAs resulting from PJI increased by 589% from 1998 to 2013 (coefficient = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.15-0.22; p < 0.001). The proportion of AKAs resulting from dysvascular causes decreased (coefficient = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.15-0.22; p < 0.001), whereas that resulting from malignancy (coefficient = 0.04; 95% CI, 0.03-0.05; p < 0.001) and trauma (coefficient = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.09-0.18; p < 0.001) increased., Conclusions: The incidence of AKAs has decreased in the United States. AKAs related to dysvascular disease and other etiologies such as trauma and malignancy have either substantially decreased or remained fairly constant, whereas that resulting from PJI more than tripled. Given the increased resource utilization associated with limb loss, the results of this study suggest that national efforts to reduce disability should prioritize PJI. Further studies are required to evaluate the risk factors for AKA from PJI and to formulate better strategies to manage PJI., Level of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study.
Published: 2018
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323. Measurement and validation of frailty as a predictor of outcomes in women undergoing major gynaecological surgery.

Author: George EM, Burke WM, Hou JY, Tergas AI, Chen L, Neugut AI, Ananth CV, Hershman DL, and Wright JD
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Frail Elderly, Humans, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome, Hysterectomy, Postoperative Complications epidemiology
Abstract: Objective: Frailty is the loss of physical or mental reserve that impairs function, often in the absence of a defined comorbidity. Our aim was to determine whether a modified frailty index (mFI) correlates with morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hysterectomy., Design: Retrospective cohort study., Setting: Hospitals across the USA participating in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP)., Sample: Patients who underwent hysterectomy from 2008 to 2012., Methods: An mFI was calculated using 11 variables in NSQIP. The associations between mFI and morbidity and mortality were assessed. Model fit statistics (c-statistics) were utilised to evaluate the ability of mFI to distinguish outcomes., Main Outcome Measure: Wound infection, severe complications and mortality., Results: A total of 66 105 patients were identified. Wound complications increased from 2.4% in patients with an mFI of zero to 4.8% in those with mFI ≥ 0.5 (P < 0.0001). Similarly, severe complications increased from 0.98% to 7.3% (P < 0.0001), overall complications rose from 3.7% to 14.5% (P < 0.0001) and mortality increased from 0.06% to 3.2% (P < 0.0001) for patients with a frailty index of zero compared with those with an index of ≥ 0.5. Versus chance, the goodness-of-fit c-statistics suggested that mFI increases the ability to detect wound complications by 11.4%, severe complications by 22.0% and overall complications by 11.0%., Conclusions: The mFI is easily reproducible from routinely collected clinical data and predictive of outcomes in patients undergoing hysterectomy. Frailty may be useful in the preoperative risk assessment of women undergoing gynaecological surgery., Tweetable Abstract: Frailty may be useful in the preoperative risk assessment of women undergoing gynaecological surgery., (© 2015 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.)
Published: 2016
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324. Repair of a Cystotomy During a Robot-Assisted Right Ureterolysis and Upper Vaginectomy: Review of Anatomy and Surgical Technique.

Author: George EM, Goldman NA, and Burke WM
Published: 2015
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325. Detection of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background with data from the South Pole Telescope.

Author: Hanson D, Hoover S, Crites A, Ade PA, Aird KA, Austermann JE, Beall JA, Bender AN, Benson BA, Bleem LE, Bock JJ, Carlstrom JE, Chang CL, Chiang HC, Cho HM, Conley A, Crawford TM, de Haan T, Dobbs MA, Everett W, Gallicchio J, Gao J, George EM, Halverson NW, Harrington N, Henning JW, Hilton GC, Holder GP, Holzapfel WL, Hrubes JD, Huang N, Hubmayr J, Irwin KD, Keisler R, Knox L, Lee AT, Leitch E, Li D, Liang C, Luong-Van D, Marsden G, McMahon JJ, Mehl J, Meyer SS, Mocanu L, Montroy TE, Natoli T, Nibarger JP, Novosad V, Padin S, Pryke C, Reichardt CL, Ruhl JE, Saliwanchik BR, Sayre JT, Schaffer KK, Schulz B, Smecher G, Stark AA, Story KT, Tucker C, Vanderlinde K, Vieira JD, Viero MP, Wang G, Yefremenko V, Zahn O, and Zemcov M
Abstract: Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background generates a curl pattern in the observed polarization. This "B-mode" signal provides a measure of the projected mass distribution over the entire observable Universe and also acts as a contaminant for the measurement of primordial gravity-wave signals. In this Letter we present the first detection of gravitational lensing B modes, using first-season data from the polarization-sensitive receiver on the South Pole Telescope (SPTpol). We construct a template for the lensing B-mode signal by combining E-mode polarization measured by SPTpol with estimates of the lensing potential from a Herschel-SPIRE map of the cosmic infrared background. We compare this template to the B modes measured directly by SPTpol, finding a nonzero correlation at 7.7σ significance. The correlation has an amplitude and scale dependence consistent with theoretical expectations, is robust with respect to analysis choices, and constitutes the first measurement of a powerful cosmological observable.
Published: 2013
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326. Recombinant interferon-tau regulates secretion of two bovine endometrial proteins.

Author: Ruéda BR, Naivar KA, George EM, Austin KJ, Francis H, and Hansen TR
Subjects: Animals, Cattle, Culture Techniques, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Molecular Weight, Pregnancy, Endometrium metabolism, Interferon Type I, Interferon-gamma pharmacology, Pregnancy Proteins metabolism, Recombinant Proteins pharmacology
Abstract: Conceptus-derived interferon-tau (IFN-tau) has been implicated in the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy in the bovine. This type I IFN interacts with a uterine receptor complex to elicit secondary maternal responses, one of which is secretion of uterine proteins. We investigated the effects of pregnancy and recombinant (r) bovine (bo) IFN-tau (10(7) antiviral units/mg) on secreted proteins by cultured bovine endometrial explants. Explants were cultured for 24 h with [3H]leucine and dialyzed medium analyzed by one- and two-dimensional SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and fluorography. In one-dimensional PAGE experiments, endometrium representing early pregnancy (days 16-21) and the estrous cycle (days 16-19) was cultured in the presence of 5 nM rboIFN-tau and showed an increase (two- to five-fold) in secretion of 12- and 28-kD proteins. Further examination of these proteins by using two-dimensional PAGE indicated that the 12-kD protein was basic (pI > or = 7.5), whereas the 28-kD protein was acidic (pI approximately 5.0). Isoelectric focusing in the acidic range revealed that the 28-kD protein was composed of several isoelectric variants (pI 4.5-5.5). Although the functions of these secretory proteins are currently unknown, they serve as useful markers for IFN action and may act as secondary signals to protect the early developing conceptus.
Published: 1993
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327. Tryptophan exposure in various conformational isomers of bovine prothrombin fragment 1. An acrylamide quenching study.

Author: Marsh HC, George EM, Koehler KA, and Hiskey RG
Subjects: Acrylamides, Animals, Calcium, Cattle, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Isomerism, Kinetics, Magnesium, Protein Conformation, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Peptide Fragments, Protein Precursors, Prothrombin, Tryptophan
Abstract: In order to assess the importance of a variety of environmental factors on the structure of bovine prothrombin fragment 1, we have examined acrylamide quenching of fragment 1 intrinsic fluorescence. Tryptophan exposure, determined from Stern-Volmer plots, is heterogeneous with one or more of the three fragment 1 tryptophans being exposed to solvent. In the presence of Ca2+ or Mg2+ even the most accessible tryptophan(s) are relatively buried. Only small differences in tryptophan exposure may exist between fragment 1-Ca2+ and fragment 1-Mg2+ complexes. Lowering pH, on the other hand, results in increased tryptophan exposure. Finally, structural isomers of fragment 1 which exist in the absence of metal ions have identical tryptophan exposure as determined by acrylamide quenching and fluorescence intensity.
Published: 1981
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328. An appraisal of current methods of treating cerebral palsy. III. Treatment of cerebral palsy away from medical center.

Author: GEORGE EM
Subjects: Humans, United States, Cerebral Palsy therapy, Hospitals, Hospitals, Military
Published: 1954

329. Massive fat embolism following fracture of the femur; report of four fatal cases with necropsy findings.

Author: GEORGE EM and BLUMGREN JE
Subjects: Humans, Embolism, Fat, Femoral Fractures, Femur, Fractures, Bone
Published: 1946

330. Phosphatase activity in blood serum, bone and soft tissues following fracture in the cat.

Author: GEORGE EM
Subjects: Animals, Cats, Bone and Bones, Felis, Fractures, Bone, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Serum
Published: 1948
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331. A rehabilitation study: cerebral vascular accidents and head injuries.

Author: HAYES H, ROTHENBERGER M, BOLAND JL, and GEORGE EM
Subjects: Humans, Accidents, Cerebrovascular Disorders rehabilitation, Craniocerebral Trauma, Medicine, Stroke
Published: 1962

332. Communications therapy program in a veterans administration hospital.

Author: GEORGE EM, BOLAND JL Jr, and KEVIN EM
Subjects: Humans, United States, Communication, Medicine, Speech Disorders rehabilitation, Speech Therapy, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Voice Training
Published: 1960

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332 results on '"GEORGE, E. M."'

301. SPT-GMOS: A Gemini/GMOS-South Spectroscopic Survey of Galaxy Clusters in the SPT-SZ Survey

302. Measurement of galaxy cluster integrated comptonization and mass scaling relations with the South Pole Telescope

303. A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Galaxy Clusters Using Data from the South Pole Telescope

304. Mass Calibration and Cosmological Analysis of the SPT-SZ Galaxy Cluster Sample Using Velocity Dispersion σ v and X-Ray Y X Measurements

305. The Redshift Evolution of the Mean Temperature, Pressure, and Entropy Profiles in 80 SPT-Selected Galaxy Clusters

306. Analysis of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Mass-Observable Relations using South Pole Telescope Observations of an X-ray Selected Sample of Low Mass Galaxy Clusters and Groups

307. Constraints on the CMB temperature evolution using multiband measurements of the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect with the South Pole Telescope

308. Optical spectroscopy and velocity dispersions of galaxy clusters from the SPT-SZ survey

309. Cosmological constraints from sunyaev-zel'dovich-selected clusters with X-ray observations in the first 178 deg 2 of the south pole telescope survey

310. SPT-CL J0205-5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved Massive Galaxy Cluster in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey

311. High-redshift Cool-core Galaxy Clusters Detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the South Pole Telescope Survey

312. Galaxy clusters discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the first 720 square degrees of the South Pole Telescope survey

313. Redshifts, sample purity, and BCG positions for the galaxy cluster catalog from the first 720 square degrees of the south pole telescope survey

314. Weak-Lensing Mass Measurements of Five Galaxy Clusters in the South Pole Telescope Survey Using Magellan/Megacam

315. Discovery and Cosmological Implications of SPT-CL J2106-5844, the Most Massive Known Cluster at z>1

316. GALAXY CLUSTERS DISCOVERED VIA THE SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT IN THE 2500-SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY

317. SPT-CL J2040–4451: AN SZ-SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTER ATz= 1.478 WITH SIGNIFICANT ONGOING STAR FORMATION

318. THE GROWTH OF COOL CORES AND EVOLUTION OF COOLING PROPERTIES IN A SAMPLE OF 83 GALAXY CLUSTERS AT 0.3 <z< 1.2 SELECTED FROM THE SPT-SZ SURVEY

319. First Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization Using the Non-Gaussianity of the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect from the South Pole Telescope and Herschel-SPIRE Observations.

320. Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol.

321. Evaluating testosterone as a phenotypic integrator: From tissues to individuals to species.

322. Etiology of Above-knee Amputations in the United States: Is Periprosthetic Joint Infection an Emerging Cause?

323. Measurement and validation of frailty as a predictor of outcomes in women undergoing major gynaecological surgery.

324. Repair of a Cystotomy During a Robot-Assisted Right Ureterolysis and Upper Vaginectomy: Review of Anatomy and Surgical Technique.

325. Detection of B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background with data from the South Pole Telescope.

326. Recombinant interferon-tau regulates secretion of two bovine endometrial proteins.

327. Tryptophan exposure in various conformational isomers of bovine prothrombin fragment 1. An acrylamide quenching study.

328. An appraisal of current methods of treating cerebral palsy. III. Treatment of cerebral palsy away from medical center.

329. Massive fat embolism following fracture of the femur; report of four fatal cases with necropsy findings.

330. Phosphatase activity in blood serum, bone and soft tissues following fracture in the cat.

331. A rehabilitation study: cerebral vascular accidents and head injuries.

332. Communications therapy program in a veterans administration hospital.

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