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目的观察全身麻醉（全麻）复合蛛网膜下腔-硬脊膜外腔（腰硬）联合麻醉对老年直肠癌腹腔镜手术患 者预后及不良反应的影响，为临床应用提供理论指导。方法选取2015年3月至2016年3月在该院确诊为直肠癌并住 院接受腹腔镜手术的老年患者100例，随机分为对照组和试验组，每组50例。对照组给予全麻，试验组给予全麻复合腰 硬联合麻醉，两组均行手术切除肿瘤，分别检测患者手术前后的糖类抗原199(CA199)和癌胚抗原（CEA)水平并进行对 比分析，观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果术前两组患者CA199和CEA两项指标阳性例数占比比较，差异均无统计 学意义（P>0.05);术后试验组CA199和CEA阳性例数占比及不良反应发生率均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。结论全麻复合腰硬联合麻醉可改善老年直肠癌腹腔镜手术患者的预后，并能明显减少不良反应的发生。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的评估4种不同抗生素组合的四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌（Hp)的疗效及安全性。方法选取该院 2015年2月至2016年3月收治的251例H：阳性、内镜检查确诊的消化性溃疡、非溃疡性消化不良、慢性非萎缩性胃 炎、慢性非萎缩性胃炎伴糜烂、十二指肠球炎患者，运用随机数字表法分为A、B、C、D四组（A组62例，B组64例，C组 63例，D组62例），在服用埃索美拉唑+枸橼酸铋钾的基础上，A组加服阿莫西林+克拉霉素，B组加服阿莫西林+左氧氟沙 星，C组加服阿莫西林D呋喃唑酮，D组加服四环素D呋喃唑酮。每种药物均使用推荐剂量，每天2次，疗程均为10*。记录 治疗期间发生的不良反应。疗程结束4周后，应用13C-尿素呼气试验（13C-UBT)和胃镜观察H：根除情况。结果 A、B、C、 D四组患者的H:根除率分别为90.00%(54/60)、90.48%(57/63)、91.94%(57/62)、93.44%(57/61)，组间两两比较，差异均 无统计学意义（P >0.05);A、B、C、D四组患者的不良反应发生率分别为8.33%(5/60)、6.35%(4/63)、6.45%(4/62)、8.20%(5/ 61)，组间两两比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05)。结论4种方案的H：根除率接近且满意，都可作为根除H：可供选 的 治 疗 。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: HLA haploid allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation provides a chance of survival for patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies. In recent years, the research on the transplantation mode and graft selection of haploidentical transplantation is still ongoing. At present, the mixed transplantation model of non-extracorporeal T-cell removal bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells established by the Hematology Research Center of Peking University is gradually becoming popular in China, but this model requires the collection of donor bone marrow fluid, which increases the pain and risk of the donor. OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effect of infusion of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells replacing donor bone marrow cells in haploidentical peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant hematological diseases. METHODS: Fifty hematological malignancies patients who underwent haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from January 2019 to May 2022 were selected and randomly assigned to two study groups at a ratio of 2:3. Among them, 19 patients received umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and 31 patients were treated with bone marrow cells combined with peripheral blood stem cells. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital. The recipients of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were first transfused with third-party umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (1×106 /kg) on the day of transplantation, followed by peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells 6 hours later. In the bone marrow group, donor bone marrow cells were transfused +1 day after transplantation and peripheral blood stem cells were transfused +2 days after transplantation. After transplantation, rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin, cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, and a short-course methotrexate were used for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for all recipients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No adverse events occurred during the reinfusion of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. There were no significant differences between the mesenchymal stem cell group and the bone marrow group in the engraftment rate [100% (19/19) vs. 96.8%(30/31), P > 0.05], median duration for neutrophil engraftment (14 days vs.15 days, P > 0.05) and median duration for platelet engraftment (20 days vs.19 days, P > 0.05). The incidence of grade IIIV acute graft-versus-host disease in the mesenchymal stem cell group was significantly lower than in the bone marrow group [21.1% (4/19) vs. 58.1% (18/31), P = 0.01]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease [21.1% (4/19) vs. 25.8% (8/31), P > 0.05], the relapse rates [15.8% (3/19) vs. 16.1% (5/31), P > 0.05] and the incidence of early cytomegalovirus viremia [42.1% (8/19) vs. 35.5% (11/31), P > 0.05], and the 2-year overall survival rate [68.4% (10/19) vs. 70.9% (16/31), P > 0.05]. It is indicated that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells replace donor bone marrow cells in haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for malignant hematological diseases, which reduced the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease after transplantation, did not increase the incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease, recurrence rate and early cytomegalovirus viremia, and reduced the pain and risk of donor pulp extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farming practices can contribute to the soil organic carbon storage in the carbon budget of farmland ecosystems. This study aims to determine the dynamic response pattern of conservation tillage to the soil organic carbon. The density of soil organic carbon under conservation tillage was collected from the cornfield in Jilin Province, China from 2000 to 2020 at the county and grid scales. The "golden corn belt" in Jilin Province was taken as the study area, and the spring corn was selected as the research object. Remote sensing inversion was used to couple the Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) model. Firstly, the crop residue coverage was inverted using remote sensing. The input parameter of the model was selected to optimize the residue management module in the DNDC model. Secondly, the local soil properties were combined with the meteorology and farmland measure data. Regional simulation was implemented using two division units, in order to accurately depict the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution of soil organic carbon density under conservation tillage. In addition, the potential of conservation tillage was further explored to increase the soil carbon pools. The simulation was finally performed on the growth potential of soil organic carbon density under different straw return scenarios, according to the parameters of crop residue coverage in the DNDC model. The results show: 1) The DNDC model was feasible in this case. The R2 value reached 90% for the soil organic carbon under different farmland measures, and the RRMSE values were all within 10%. The relatively better performance was used to simulate the local soil organic carbon density and long-term forecasts. 2) Soil organic carbon storage in cornfields increased significantly over the past 20 years, from 6.08×108 to 1.22×109 t. The reason was closely related to the expansion of the cultivated land area. The soil organic carbon density varied between 4.46 and 98.09 t/hm2 at the county scale, while there was a variation between 3.34 and 139.2 t/hm² at the grid scale. The overall density of soil organic carbon showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the central region and low in the northern region. 3) Conservation tillage posed a more significant impact on the organic carbon accumulation in the surface soil. The highest growth rate of soil organic carbon density in the 0-10 cm soil layer was 0.44%, while only 0.29% was found in the 10-20 cm soil layer. 4) The huge growth potential of soil organic carbon was observed in the southwestern and central regions in the growth range from 0.24 to 0.57 t/hm², particularly with the increase of crop residue coverage. 5) The fineness of the unit division dominated the simulation. There were slightly different values of the simulation under different units. But there was no spatial distribution of the research subjects. Compared with the spatial distribution after simulation at the county level, the grid scale was indicated in much more detail. In summary, the conservation tillage significantly increased the soil organic carbon in cornfields. The farmland ecosystem shared great potential for carbon sequestration in the future. However, there are local differences in the response of soil organic carbon to the conservation tillage. Therefore, the finding can provide an important reference for the decision-making on conservation tillage tunable for local conditions and carbon budget in farmland ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of four different types of lactic acid bacteria additives on the quality and CNCPS components of millet silage were investigated. Five treatments were set up. They were the control group, Lactobacillus paracasei LP1 group, Lactobacillus plantarum LP2 group, Lactobacillus casei LC group, and Lactobacillus buchneri LB group. The fermentation quality, nutrient composition and CNCPS components of millet silage were determined. The results showed that compared with the control group, pH value and buchneri acid content significantly decreased, and lactic acid content significantly increased in Lactobacillus paracasei LP1 group (P<0.05). The NDF and ADF contents of Lactobacillus paracasei LP1 group were lower than those of the other treatments. Compared with the control group and the Lactobacillus plantarum LP2 group, the content of soluble carbohydrate significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the content of starch significantly increased in other Lactobacillus additive treatment groups (P<0.05). The PB2 content in the Lactobacillus buchneri LB group was significantly higher than that in other treatment groups, the PB3 content was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the contents of PB3 and NSC in the Lactobacillus buchneri LB group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). The results showed that all the four Lactobacillus additives could improve the fermentation quality and nutritional value of millet silage, among which Lactobacillus paracasei could significantly improve the fermentation quality of the millet silage, and Lactobacillus buchneri had the most significant effect on the rapid degradation of the protein components and carbohydrate components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】Excessive use of fertilizers, low utilization rates of crop straw/livestock/poultry manure resources, and environmental pollution caused by agricultural and forestry waste restrict the development of agriculture. The scientific fertilization method of organic substitution + reduced fertilization was studied to provide technical support for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and soil fertility in banana production areas of the the Pearl River Delta.【Method】Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of organic substitution combined with reduced fertilization on banana growth, yield, quality and soil nutrients. The main purpose was to taking conventional fertilization as the control, four fertilizer managements were set up, including 10% reduction of fertilizer amount (10% reduction of nitrogen)+organic fertilizer (T1), 20% reduction of fertilizer amount (20% reduction of nitrogen)+organic fertilizer (T2), 10% reduction of fertilizer amount (10% reduction of nitrogen)+biochar-based-organic fertilizer (T3), and 20% reduction of fertilizer amount (20% reduction of nitrogen)+biocharbased-organic fertilizer (T4), then their effects on the banana growth, yield, and soil nutrients and physical and chemical properties were investigated.【Result】Compared with the control, Organic fertilizer substitution and reduction treatments (T1-T4) could increase the pH and organic matter content of the treated soil. Among them, pH had a more significant effect in ripening stage, increasing by 0.38-0.77. While the soil organic matter content increased more significantly in budding stage, increasing by 6.62%-56.09% compared to the control. Moreover, the soil organic matter content of soil increased with the increasing of organic material application amount. The content of large elements, Calcium and Magnesium in the treated soil during the ripening stage was generally higher than that during the budding stage, but the difference between treatments was not significant. T1-T4 treatment had positive effects on banana growth, yield, quality and leaf nutrient elements, among which the effect of T3 and T4 treatment with carbon-based organic fertilizer was better, and banana yield increased by 14.44% and 13.43% respectively. Soluble solid, soluble sugar, vitamin C content increased 13.09%-21.99%, 3.98%-17.32%, 28.09%- 41.57%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis of banana growth and soil physical/chemical properties, the organic fertilizer substitution combined with reduced fertilization treatment is suitable for the fertilizer reduction and efficient utilization of newly-planted bananas in the pearl river delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-point source phosphorus (P) loss from farmland is one of the most serious causes of agricultural non-point source pollution. It is very necessary to identify the critical source areas and influence factors for the risk of P loss from farmland in a watershed, in order to prevent non-point source pollution. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of P loss from farmland in China from 2000 to 2020. P index model was also used. Among them, the soil available P content and fertilizer-P application rate were selected as the source factors. The soil-erosion modulus, annual runoff depth, and the normalized differential distance index between farmland and river network were used as the transport factors. Additionally, the GIS technology was then combined to identify the critical source areas of P loss from farmland. Random Forest (RF) was utilized to derive the critical influencing factors on the P loss from farmland in China. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was constructed to explore the relationship between the P index and influencing factors. The results show that: 1) The low, medium, high, and very high-risk areas of P loss from 2000 to 2020 accounted for 43.8%, 40.5%, 13.4%, and 2.4% of the total area of farmland, respectively. 2) The annual average percentage of the total area at high and very high risk of P loss from farmland in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 was ranked in the descending order: the Huaihe River Basin, Yangtze River Basin, Pearl River Basin, Southeast River Basin, Songhua and Liaohe River Basin, Southwest River Basin, Yellow River Basin, Continental River Basin, and Haihe River Basin. 3) The RF results showed that the available P content and normalized differential distance index were the critical influencing factors of the P index, whose importance eigenvalues were 129.53 and 65.12, respectively. The available P content was the critical influencing factor of the P loss from the farmland. 4) SEM images showed that the P index was extremely significantly positively correlated with the source and transport factor indexes. The P index of the 14 selected index factors amounted to 0.62, in which the contribution rates of the source factor and the migration factor to the P index were 0.77 and 0.19, respectively (P<0.001). In conclusion, the findings can provide scientific references for the evaluation of non-point source pollution in farmland. It is of great significance for the decision-making on the prevention and control of agricultural surface pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the experiment of oily solid waste treatment with complex functional bacteria, the degradation mechanism of complex functional bacteria on petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) was studied by analyzing the degradation of octadecane. The microbial community structure and community evolution of oily solid waste before and after degradation were analyzed by illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the degradation rate of PHs by complex functional bacteria was 81.30%, and the PHs were oxidized to the corresponding primary alcohols by terminal oxidation pathway under the action of alkane monooxygenase, and the primary alcohols were further oxidized to generate acids and then carried out β-oxidation, each time two carbons were removed to generate acetyl-CoA into the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the alkanes were gradually completely decomposed into CO2 and H2O. During the degradation process, some fastitutogenic aerobic bacteria gradually replaced obligate aerobic bacteria as dominant bacteria. The functional microbial communities contained abundant metabolic pathways, and these rich metabolic pathways made the microbial communities had efficient degradation effects on various complex organics. This study provides theoretical basis and support for the application of complex functional bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Castanopsis eyrei is the main characteristic and dominant species of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in China, which has important ecological value. Its fruits are edible, and the wood can be used for timber. Therefore, it is of great significance to grasp its communities ecological characteristics. The analysis of community ecology was carried out on 5 typical Castanopsis eyrei communities in the Luoxiao Range-Lianyun Mountain, Jinggang Mountain, Taoyuandong Nature Reserve, Bamian Mountain, and Wuzhifeng Mountain. The results showed that: (1) There were 56 species of vascular plants in 49 genera in 34 families, 102 species in 62 genera in 39 families, 154 species in 96 genera in 59 families, 143 species in 86 genera in 54 families, 98 species in 62 genera in 38 families in 5 Castanopsis eyrei communities respectively. Castanopsis eyrei was the dominant species in each community, and its important value was the highest. (2) The geographical composition of Castanopsis eyrei communities was affected by latitude and altitude. The communities in Jinggang Mountain, Taoyuandong Nature Reserve, Bamian Mountain, and Wuzhifeng had strong subtropical properties, while the tropical composition in Lianyun mountain community decreased with the increase of latitude and altitude, showing a transition from mid-subtropical to temperate. (3) The community similarity analysis showed that the similarity coefficient of Jinggangshan, Taoyuandong, Bamianshan and wuzhifeng communities was about 0.5, and that of Lianyun mountain at higher latitude and higher altitude was less than 0.4. (4) The community diversity index showed that Jinggangshan, Taoyuandong, Bamianshan and wuzhifeng communities had high species diversity and evenly distributed. With the increase of latitude, the species diversity and evenness of Lianyun mountain community decreased. (5) Analysis of the community diameter class structure showed that the Castanopsis eyrei population in Lianyunshan, Taoyuandong, and Wuzhifeng communities showed a declining trend, while Jinggangshan and Bamianshan communities were stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioma is a brain malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. MiR-34a is found abundant in the brain, and its position in the field of brain tumors is gradually improved. MiR-34a can regulate the expression of glioma related genes, participate in glioma formation, clarify the mechanism of miR-34a in glioma, and find new drug therapeutic targets, which is very important for glioma treatment. By introducing the physiological characteristics, signal pathway, temozolomide chemoresistance and chemotherapeutic delivery vector of miR-34a, this paper summarizes the new research progress of miR-34a in the mechanism of chemoresistance of glioma, and looks forward to the future research direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the common garden shrub species in Beijing, Jasminum nudiflorum is very popular among citizens for its unique ornamental properties in early spring. Copper(Cu)pollution is one of the most serious heavy metal pollution types in Beijing. To explore the remediation effect of J. nudiflorum on urban copper pollution. By simulating the soil and atmospheric copper pollution conditions in Beijing, pot experiments were conducted to set up nine different concentrations of soil and atmosphere Cu treatments to verify the Cu enrichment ability and physiological growth characteristics of J. nudiflorum. The results were as follows:(1)Soil treatment and atmospheric deposition treatment and were able to significantly increase Cu content in root, stem and leaf of J. nudiflorum, among them, the contribution of soil ranged from 63.48% to 96.99%. The Cu content in each treatment showed the order of root>stem>leaf.(2)Under atmospheric treatment, photochemical conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm)and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value)were increased, initial fluorescence(F0)was decreased, and photosynthetic capacity was promoted. The photosynthesis of J. nudiflorum was inhibited by soil treatment and co-treatment with soil and atmosphere.(3)Compared with atmospheric single factor treatment, soil single factor treatment and co-treatment with soil and atmosphere resulted in increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), increased membrane lipid peroxidation, increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and proline(PRO)content, and finally led to damage of the biofilm system.(4)The low-concentration Cu treatment promoted the growth of J. nudiflorum, while the high-concentration copper treatments(SHAL, SHAH)inhibited the growth of J. nudiflorum. The minimum value of the root tolerance index(TI)of J. nudiflorum was 69.19%, which indicated that J. nudiflorum belonged to a highly tolerant plant. In conclusion, under the simulated treatment of soil and atmosphere Cu pollution in Beijing, J. nudiflorum can effectively absorb and enrich Cu in soil and atmosphere while maintaining its own normal physiological and growth activities. This conclusion provides a certain theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Cu pollution and the maintenance and restoration of the ecological environment in Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To investigate the impact of complications on the prognosis and lung injury of patients with tuberculosis. Methods·A retrospective cohort study was used for analysis, to select a total of 450 smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) patients, 323 males (71.8%) and 127 females (28.2%), from January to December 2018 at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, which were divided into non-complication group and complication group (diabetes, hypertension, liver diseases, kidney diseases and gallbladder diseases). Overall treatment outcomes and lung injuries in TB patients with and without complications were analyzed by using χ2 test. Stratified analysis of the impact of each comorbidity on the prognosis and lung injury of TB patients was performed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the temporal correlation between complications and tuberculosis prognosis. Results·Four hundred and fifty patients with a median age of 33 years were included, 173 of whom had complications: diabetes in 49 cases, hypertension in 23 cases, liver diseases in 83 cases, kidney diseases in 35 cases, and gallbladder diseases in 17 cases. The cure rate of TB patients without complications was 80.5%, which was significantly higher than that of the group with complications (P<0.05); the significantly lower cure rate of TB patients with diabetes, hypertension and kidney diseases at diagnosis was the key cause of anti-tuberculosis treatment failure; TB patients with diabetes and liver diseases had higher lung bacterial load and larger areas of lung damage, and TB patients with diabetes and kidney diseases had higher incidence of pulmonary cavity. Conclusion·Diabetes, hypertension and kidney diseases exacerbate lung damage and lead to lower TB cure rates. Early interventions by clinicians at the time of diagnosis can improve cure rates, shorten treatment time, and reduce medical costs for TB patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the application of new drugs such as monoclonal antibodies, small molecule targeted drugs and immunotherapy has significantly improved the short-term efficacy and long-term survival of patients with malignant lymphoma, but autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation still plays an important role in the overall treatment of malignant lymphoma. Preconditioning is a very important step in the whole process of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but there is no standard preconditioning program at present. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of Bendamustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine (Melphalan) BeEAM as preconditioning in autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for patients with lymphomas. METHODS: From July 5, 2021 to May 31, 2022, 11 patients with lymphoma who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with BeEAM preconditioning regimen in Department of Hematology of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital were enrolled in the study. The clinical characteristics, pretreatingrelated non-hematologic toxicity, and hematopoietic reconstitution of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The non-hematological toxicity of BeEAM pretreatment regimen mainly included oral mucositis, diarrhea and fever at granulosa stage, with the incidence of 72.7%, 63.6%, 90.9%, respectively. (2) The median time of neutrophil implantation was 9(8-11) days, and that of platelet implantation was 10(7-16) days. (3) BeEAM pretreatment regimen for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of lymphoma has controllable nonhematologic toxicity and rapid hematopoietic reconstruction, with transplant-related mortality of 0% at 100 days and transplant-related mortality of 0% at the end of follow-up period, showing good efficacy and safety. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: identifier No. ChiCTR2100048295. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 To reveal the relationship between the growth state of Phallus dongsun and its bacterial and fungal community structure in overlaying soil, the physicochemical properties, soil microbial community structure, diversity and other characteristic changes of P.dongsun in overlaying soil were investigated, which also provided theoretical basis for high-efficiency cultivation for P.dongsun.【Method】 In this study, the P.dongsun in different soil environments (forest loam, cultivated land, cultivated sandy soil) was used as the material, then the total DNA was extracted, and the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform was used for high-throughput sequencing to analyze the species diversity and community composition of bacteria and fungi in different soil environments. Correlation analysis was carried out with soil nutrient indicators to explore changes in soil microbial diversity. 【Result】 During the growth period of mycelium, button and fruiting bodies of P.dongsun, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolysed nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and organic matter in soil increased significantly, and pH showed a continuous decreasing trend. The bacterial diversity of different soil environments was higher than that of fungi, and the bacterial diversity of forest loam was lower than that of cultivated land, while the fungal diversity was not significant. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. The dominant bacterial genera in forest loam were Acidothermus, Archaeorhizomyces and Bradyrhizobium, while Vicinamibacterales were the dominant bacteria in cultivated loam and cultivated sandy soils. Total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium were positively correlated with the abundance of Phallus species, but were not significant. 【Conclusion】 Total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium in overlaying soil of P.dongsun are positively correlated with the abundance of Phallus, while the pH shows a downward trend during the growing period. Acidothermus, Archaeorhizomyces and Bradyrhizobium are the dominant genera in forest loam, which are related to soil nutrient components and contents. Fusarium is the dominant genus in sandy soil, which is related to continuous cropping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is one of the most crucial aspects of autonomous navigation in mobile robots. The core components of the SLAM system can be depth perception and pose tracking. However, the existing unsupervised learning visual odometry framework cannot fully meet the actual requirements of the visual odometry information, particularly on the scale uncertainty in visual odometry estimation. It is still lacking in the geometric constraints during the autonomous operation of greenhouse mobile robots. In this study, an unsupervised optical flow-based visual odometry was presented. An optical flow estimation network was trained in an unsupervised manner using image warping. The optical flow between stereo images (disparity) was used to calculate the absolute depth of scenes. The optical flow between adjacent frames of left images was combined with the scene depth, in order to solve the frame-to-frame pose transformation matrix using Perspective-n-Point (PnP) algorithm. The reliable correspondences were selected in the solving process using forward and backward flow consistency checking to recover the absolute pose. A compact deep neural network was built with the convolutional modules to serve as the backbone of the flow model. This improved network was designed, according to the well-established principles: pyramidal processing, warping, and the use of a cost volume. At the same time, the cost volume normalization in the network was estimated with high values to alleviate the feature activations at higher levels than before. Furthermore, the local geometric consistency constraints were designed for the objective function of flow models. Meanwhile, a pyramid distilling loss was introduced to provide the supervision for the intermediate optical flows via distilling the finest final flow field as pseudo labels. A series of experiments were conducted using a wheeled mobile robot in a tomato greenhouse. The results showed that the better performance was achieved in the improved model. The local geometric consistency constraints improved the optical flow estimation accuracy. The endpoint error (EPE) of inter-frame and stereo optical flow was reduced by 8.89% and 8.96%, respectively. The pyramid distillation loss significantly reduced the optical flow estimation error of the flow model, in which the EPEs of the inter-frame and stereo optical flow decreased by 11.76% and 11.45%, respectively. The EPEs of the inter-frame and stereo optical flow were reduced by 12.50% and 7.25%, respectively, after cost volume normalization. Particularly, the price decreased by 1.28% for the calculation speed of the optical flow network. This improved model showed a 9.52% and 9.80% decrease in the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of relative translation error (RTE), respectively, compared with an existing unsupervised flow model. The decrease was 43.0% and 43.21%, respectively, compared with the Monodepth2. The pose tracking accuracy of this improved model was lower than that of ORB-SLAM3. The pure multi-view geometry shared the predicting dense depth maps of a scene. The relative error of depth estimation was 5.28% higher accuracy than the existing state-of-the-art self-supervised joint depth-pose learning. The accuracy of pose tracking depended mainly on the motion speed of robots. The performance of pose tracking at 0.2 m/s low speed and 0.8 m/s fast speed was significantly lower than that at 0.4-0.6 m/s. The resolution of the input image greatly impacted the pose tracking accuracy, with the errors decreasing gradually as the resolution increased. The MAE of RTE was not higher than 3.6 cm with the input image resolution of 832×512 pixels and the motion scope of 1 m, whereas, the MAE of relative rotation error (RRE) was not higher than 1.3º. These findings can provide technical support to design the vision system of greenhouse mobile robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Due to the inevitability of skin aging, the increasing attention paid to skin aging induced by the improvement of living standard. These have brought strong market demand and research demand in the field of anti-aging. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of skin aging and the application of stem cells to skin anti-aging, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application and research of stem cells-related skin anti-aging. METHODS: The articles about skin aging and skin anti-aging related to stem cells published from November 2016 to November 2021 were retrieved on PubMed and CNKI. Old and repetitive views were excluded and the retrieved articles were organized. A total of 91 articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The manifestations of skin aging were summarized, such as wrinkles, decreased elasticity, and thinning of epidermis. We summarized the factors of skin aging including endogenous and exogenous factors, as well as the mechanisms of skin aging including the change of proliferation and differentiation balance of epidermal stem cells, oxidative stress. We focused on the changes of epidermal stem cells in aging skin, including intracellular DNA damage and increased reactive oxygen species; proliferation and differentiation decreased, asymmetry and symmetrical division balance changed; changes in the ecological microenvironment; stem cell-immune cell signaling abnormalities. (2) The research and application of mesenchymal stem cells and stem cell derivatives in skin anti-aging are introduced, for example, subcutaneous injection of stem cells or their derivatives in animal experiments indicates the role of stem cells and their derivatives in skin anti-aging by observing the thickness of dermis, oxidative stress and elastic fibers. (3) The above studies have proven the effectiveness of stem cell-related skin anti-aging, with the specific mechanisms including: increasing cell proliferation, reducing reactive oxygen species level, and regulating gene expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] A large amount of tobacco stems produced in China’s tobacco production is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. We prepared biochar by treatment with pyrolysis carbonization technology, and characterized its physicochemical properties to explore its adsorption properties of heavy metal Cd2+, with a view to providing a pathway and data support for the demand of resource utilization of tobacco stems. [Method] Tobacco stems were used as raw materials for the preparation of biochar and pyrolyzed at five temperatures of 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and 700 ℃. The effects of pyrolysis temperatures and structural properties on Cd2+ adsorption were investigated by various characterization means, indoor batch adsorption tests and adsorption kinetics tests. [Result] There were significant differences in the properties and Cd2+ adsorption characteristics of tobacco stem biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures. The pH increased from 9.05 to 11.54 when the pyrolysis temperature was increased from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃ . The H, O and N contents and the atomic ratios of H/C, O/C and (O+N)/C also decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature, showing that the aromatic structure of hightemperature pyrolyzed biochar was more complex and stable; the specific surface area of low-temperature tobacco stem biochar was relatively large, however, the surface pore structure was more developed at high temperature. The quasi-second kinetic equation and intra-particle diffusion equation could well fit the adsorption process of Cd2+ by different temperatures of the straw biochar, indicating that the adsorption is heterogeneous chemisorption; the high temperature pyrolysis of stems had a strong adsorption capacity for Cd2+, and the rich pore structure of its surface enhances the adsorption of Cd2+, therefore, the removal rate of Cd2+ by T700 was as high as 99.01%; with Langmuir- Freundlich fitting, the maximum adsorption amounts (Qm) ranged from 54.40 to 106.16 mg/g, with the largest Qm values for 700 ℃ biochar, which were also much higher than those for rice straw, wheat and other crop straw biochar. [Conclusion] The biochar of tobacco stem prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures has a strong adsorption capacity for Cd2+ and has the potential to be applied for remediation of environmental Cd2+ pollution in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 观察麻醉诱导前静注及术中持续泵入艾司氯胺酮的腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者炎性指标及术后早 期疼痛情况. 方法 择期行腹腔镜下全子宫切除手术的女性患者80例, 随机分入对照组和实验组, 每组40例. 患 者均采用静脉快速诱导方式进行麻醉诱导及气管内插管. 实验组在麻醉诱导前静注0. 5 mg/kg的艾司氯胺酮负荷 量, 术中持续泵入0. 1 mg/ (kg‧h) 的艾司氯胺酮至术毕. 对照组以同样的方式输注同等剂量的生理盐水. 观察两组 患者麻醉诱导前 (T0 ), 气管插管后即刻 (T1 ), 手术结束 (T2 ), 术后1 h (T3 ), 术后3 h (T4 ) 五个时点的血流动力学指标和 炎性指标, 血流动力学指标包括平均动脉压 (MAP) 和心率 (HR), 炎性指标包括血清白介素-6 (IL-6) 及肿瘤坏死因 子-α (TNF-α). 观察 T3, T4 的 VAS疼痛评分. 观察患者丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼的用药总量, 记录手术时间, 麻醉时间以 及气管拔管时间, 以及术后3 h内的围术期并发症发生情况. 结果 与T0时相比, 两组患者T1时的MAP及HR均降 低 (P均<0. 05)；与对照组相比, 实验组T1, T2, T3时的MAP及HR均降低 (P均<0. 05) . 与T0时相比, 两组患者T1, T2, T3, T4时的血清IL-6和TNF-α水平均升高 (P均<0. 05); 与对照组相比, 实验组T1, T2, T3, T4 时的血清IL-6和TNF-α水 平均降低 (P均<0. 05). 实验组T3, T4时的VAS评分均低于对照组 (P均<0. 05). 实验组的丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼用量均 低于对照组 (P均<0. 05). 两组手术时间, 麻醉时间以及气管拔管时间相比, P均>0. 05. 两组患者术后均未出现明 显的恶心, 呕吐, 认知功能障碍等围术期并发症. 结论 麻醉诱导前静注及术中持续泵入艾司氯胺酮, 有利于腹腔 镜下全子宫切除术患者的血流动力学稳定, 还可抑制炎性反应, 减轻术后早期疼痛. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The regimen of cyclosporin combined with four times of short-range methotrexate is still recognized as the classic prevention regimen for acute graft-versus-host disease. Previous studies have shown that whether day 11 methotrexate is used in sibling transplantation has no effect on the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease. However, the effect of reducing day 11 methotrexate on the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease in haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of the omission of day 11 methotrexate in the regimen for the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease in haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: The clinical data of 63 patients with malignant hematologic diseases who received haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from January 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The graft-versus-host disease prevention regimen was cyclosporine combined with methotrexate 15 mg/m² on day 1, 10 mg/m² on day 3, day 6 and day 11. In the observation group (n=19), oral mucositis was grade III-IV at day 11, and day 11 methotrexate was cancelled. In the control group (n=44), oral mucositis was grade 0-II at day 11, and day 11 methotrexate was applied. The implantation situation, incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease, overall survival rate, and recurrence rate of the two groups were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The median follow-up time was 30(3-54) months and all neutrophils were successfully implanted in both groups. The median implantation time was 12(9-29) days and 12(8-25) days, respectively, showing no significant difference (P=0.682). There was one patient with poor platelet implantation in the observation group, and four patients with poor platelet implantation in the control group. The median time of platelet implantation was 12(9-18) days and 13(9-31) days in the two groups, respectively, (P=0.71), showing no statistical difference. (2) The overall incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease was 44.4%, and grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 28.6%. The incidence of II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease in the observation group and control group was 31.5% and 27.3%, respectively, (P=0.728), and there was no statistical difference between the two groups. (3) The results showed that for haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the omission of day 11 methotrexate did not increase the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease compared with the standard methotrexate regimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To analyze suicidal methods under consideration and reasons for suicide among Weibo "Tree Hole" high suicide risk users.Methods:Based on the pre-determined criteria,an artificial intelligence robot automatically identified 1,474 high-suicide risk messages（indicating plans to commit suicide）from 943 Weibo users（260 males,683 females） on Weibo " Zoufan Tree Hole".Then the suicidal methods mentioned and reasons for suicide in these high suicide risk users were analyzed using content analysis.Results:Their most anticipated suicide methods included jumping off a building（31.4%）,cutting wrists（22.8%）,charcoal burning（14.4%）,and jumping into a river（3.8%）.Suicidal ideation of high suicide risk users was stated as being due to mental illness（27.9%）,having a meaningless or tiring life（8.2%）,relational problems（7.3%）,family issues（7.0%）,and feelings of sadness,pain or desperation（6.0%）.Conclusion:It suggests that high suicide risk users tend to choose a variety of suicide methods,and high suicide risk users’ suicide ideation may be related to many reasons. Objective:To analyze suicidal methods under consideration and reasons for suicide among Weibo "Tree Hole" high suicide risk users.Methods:Based on the pre-determined criteria,an artificial intelligence robot automatically identified 1,474 high-suicide risk messages（indicating plans to commit suicide）from 943 Weibo users（260 males,683 females） on Weibo " Zoufan Tree Hole".Then the suicidal methods mentioned and reasons for suicide in these high suicide risk users were analyzed using content analysis.Results:Their most anticipated suicide methods included jumping off a building（31.4%）,cutting wrists（22.8%）,charcoal burning（14.4%）,and jumping into a river（3.8%）.Suicidal ideation of high suicide risk users was stated as being due to mental illness（27.9%）,having a meaningless or tiring life（8.2%）,relational problems（7.3%）,family issues（7.0%）,and feelings of sadness,pain or desperation（6.0%）.Conclusion:It suggests that high suicide risk users tend to choose a variety of suicide methods,and high suicide risk users’ suicide ideation may be related to many reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The distribution of nine blast resistance genes Pi1, Pib, Pi2, Pi5, Pi9, Pita, Pigm, Pik, Pik-m in rice materials was identified, and the resistance levels of different genotypes to blast in the field was analyzed.【Method】In this study, three identification bases of rice blast resistance were selected, namely Ganning town in Wanzhou district, Baiguo township in Enshi city and Xinglong town in Meitan county. By investigating the natural incidence of leaf blast and panicle blast in rice fields, 87 materials with moderate resistance and above were screened out. Taking Baiguo township base as the sampling point, the flag leaves of the tested materials were selected, DNA was extracted, and the distribution of 9 blast resistance genes in 87 rice materials was detected by PARMS SNP typing principle.【Result】The incidence of leaf blast in the rice materials from the three test sites was relatively mild, only 27.59% of the materials in Meitan site showed moderate susceptibility, and the rest of the materials showed moderate resistance and above; The incidence of panicle blast was relatively serious, among which Meitan site was the most serious, all of which were moderate susceptibility and above, and some even lost their resistance, followed by Lichuan site, 21.84% of which were moderate susceptibility, and Wanzhou site was the least serious, all of which were moderate resistance and above. The distribution of 9 blast resistance genes was as follows: 4 materials containing Pi1 gene; 53 materials containing Pib gene, including 5 materials with heterozygous gene; 47 materials containing Pi2 gene, including 9 materials with heterozygous gene; 72 materials containing Pi5 gene, including 5 materials with heterozygous gene; 0 material containing Pi9 and Pik genes; 36 materials containing Pita gene, including 8 materials with heterozygous gene; 14 materials containing Pigm gene, including 3 materials with heterozygous gene; And 21 materials containing Pik-m gene. Among the 9 blast resistance genes tested, only ten rice materials have single gene distribution, most materials have at least two polymerized gene distributions, at most five polymerized genes, and these genes are not detected in two materials.【Conclusion】Based on the results of field resistance identification and gene detection of rice blast resistance, it is clear that the resistance of single rice blast resistance gene and polymerized genes is weakening. Therefore, mining new genes and materials with strong resistance to rice blast is an effective way to select new varieties resistant to rice blast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measuring and calculating the verticality and parallelism of the lock flat gate’s oil cylinders under different working conditions are helpful to analyze synchronous running state and performance of the oil cylinders and ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic mechanical equipment of the lock gate. Taking the oil cylinders on both sides of the lifting gate and sinking gate of No. 2 and No. 3 lock of a large hydroelectric power plant as the research object, the verticality of oil cylinders under different gate opening conditions without water and with water was measured, then the parallelism on both sides of the oil cylinders was calculated based on the line-to-line parallelism evaluation model. The influence of the verticality and parallelism changes of the oil cylinders on the synchronous operation performance of the gate was analyzed. The results show that the change rules of verticality and parallelism of the oil cylinders on both sides of the lock are different with different types of lock flat gate. Compared with the case with water, the parallelism of oil cylinders on both sides of the lifting gate is smaller in the case without water, and the synchronous operation of the gate is more stable. The synchronous operation performance of the sinking gate with water is better than that without water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the randomness of photovoltaic system output power, this paper proposed the forecasting model of PV power generation based on Spiking neural network. It is a model that uses coding method with computing capability and accurate pulse time, which is closer to the real biological nerve system. Considering the main influencing factors such as weather types, sunshine intensity, temperature etc., the paper adopted the approximate Euclidean distance to select similar days, and the historical generation data and meteorological data of the practical PV system to test and evaluate three forecasting models, including Spiking neural network, BP neural network and support vector machine. The results of the comparison between the forecast and the actual measured values reveal that Spiking neural network model, compared with BP neural network model and support vector machine model, has relatively high forecast accuracy and robust applicability, and can provide an effective and feasible way to forecast the PV system power generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]