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The purpose of this study is to elucidate gender differences and regional differences of co-mmuting activities by inhabitants in Japanese metropolitan suburbs. I found the different parts by districts in the metropolitan suburb. Regional factors cause gender differences in commuting activities and result in regional differences: In residential areas, inhabitants who work in metropolitan centers occupy much of the population. In older built-up areas, there are many “local” persons. In rural areas, motorization is progressing because access to rail-roads has been inconvenient. These regional factors influence the behavioral characteristics of commuting by married men, married women, never married men and never married women.

Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali obstajajo razlike v kakovosti življenja in gibalni dejavnosti mestnih, primestnih in podeželskih otrok. Vzorec je obsegal 454 merjencev, od tega 233 deklic in 221 dečkov, starih od devet do enajst let. V raziskavo so bili zajeti otroci severovzhodne Slovenije. Za ugotavljanje kakovosti življenja otrok je bil uporabljen Kindlov vprašalnik Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children,. Gibalno dejavnost otrok smo ugotavljali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika Gibalna dejavnost otrok, ki so ga izpolnjevali otroci sami. Razlike v gibalni dejavnosti in v kakovosti življenja smo izračunali z analizo variance (ANOVA). Narejen je bil tudi Post-Hoc preizkus (Scheffe). Statistično značilne razlike smo ugotavljali na ravni tveganja 0,05. Rezultati kažejo, da primestni otroci namenjajo več časa športnim dejavnostim kot mestni in podeželski vrstniki, medtem ko mestni otroci namenjajo več časa organiziranim športnim dejavnostim kot njihovi vrstniki iz podeželja in primestja. Na drugi strani pa je v primestju z logističnega vidika za starše veliko bolj praktično, da otroke vključujejo v športno-interesne dejavnosti, ki se izvajajo v okviru šole. Rezultati tudi kažejo, da so primestni otroci boljšega telesnega zdravja kot mestni in podeželski. Tudi odnosi med otroki v podeželskih šolah so boljši kot v primestnih in mestnih. Iz dobljenih rezultatov lahko povzamemo, da kakovost življenja in gibalna dejavnost v veliki meri nista odvisni od bivalnega okolja, ker je okolje v Sloveniji tako homogeno in ne generira dodatnih razlik v oddaljenosti športnih objektov, v dostopnosti javnih ustanov in ostalih dobrin, potrebnih za kakovostno in zdravo življenje. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in quality of life and movement of urban, suburban and rural children. The sample consisted of 454 objects, including 233 girls and 221 boys, aged between nine and eleven years. The study included children of northeastern Slovenia. To determine the quality of life of children Kindler`s Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children was used. Physical activity of children was assessed using a questionnaire Movement of children, which was implemented by the children themselves. Differences in physical activity and quality of life were calculated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). There was also a Post-Hoc test (Scheffe) made. Statistically significant differences were determined at the 0.05 risk level. The results, obtained in the framework of our research shows, that suburban children devote more time to sports and extracurricular activities than urban and rural peers, while urban children spend more time attending organized sports activities than their peers from rural areas and suburbs. On the other hand, in the suburbs it is much more practical from a logistical point of view of parents for the children to be involved in sports and extracurricular activities that are carried out within the school. Research also shows that suburban kids are in better physical health than urban and rural. Also, the relationships in rural schools are better than in suburban and urban. We can conclude that the quality of life and physical activity are independent of the living environment to a large extent, because the environment in Slovenia is so homogeneous that it does not generate additional differences in distance sports facilities, the availability of public facilities and other assets, required for quality and healthy life.

Tomando as associações juvenis na contemporaneidade como ponto de partida, este estudo discute a cena urbana atual e as políticas públicas dirigidas aos jovens, através da dinâmica de comunicação marcada por membros da Zulu Nation Portugal (Lisboa, Portugal - fundada por brasileiros) e da Associação Posse Hausa (Sã Paulo, Brasil). Observamos as relações estabelecidas pelos membros em relação ao espaço de sociabilidade e formas de representação. Em outras palavras a forma como os membros expressam as saídas para os diversos conflitos presentes no cotidiano e, os diversos elementos que influenciam na constituição das identidades partilhadas. Taking the youth associations in the contemporary setting as a starting point, this study discusses the current urban scene and the public policies addressed to young people, through the dynamics of communication marked by members of the Zulu Nation Portugal (Lisbon, Portugal - founded by Brazilians) and Associação Posse Hausa (São Paulo, Brazil). We note the relations established by young members regarding the space of sociability and forms of representation. In other words, In other words, we are interesting in how members express the solutions to the various conflicts in everyday life and the various factors that influence the formation of shared identities.

Lietuvos miestų priemiesčiai nėra susilaukę didelio mokslininkų dėmesio. Daugiausia tyrinėjami senamiesčiai, naujamiesčiai ir kiti vertingų architektūrinių savybių turintys rajonai. Tuo tarpu miestų pakraščiai užmirštami. Žemieji Šančiai yra nagrinėti istoriniu požiūriu, taip pat kaip Kauno tvirtovės dalis, tačiau apie urbanistinę raidą ir medinio užstatymo ypatybes, informacijos beveik nėra. Žemieji Šančiai pasižymi savitu urbanistiniu tinklu, kuris nuo XIX a. pab. klostėsi savaimingai. Nors Pirmosios Lietuvos Respublikos metu buvo bandymų priemiestį perplanuoti, tačiau dėl tankaus rajono užstatymo, to padaryti nepavyko. Žemuosiuose Šančiuose dominuoja medinis užstatymas. Pagrindiniai pastatų tipai: sodybiniai ir nuomojami namai. Vietomis yra išlikęs ir miestiečio namo tipas. Juozapavičiaus prospekte stovi išlikę carinės Rusijos laikotarpiu statyti puskarininkių ir geležinkeliečių namai. Daugelis namų praradę savo autentiškumą, renovuoti panaudojant šiuolaikines, ne itin tinkamas statybines medžiagas. Kai kurie namai turi keletą savininkų, kurie namų fasadus remontuoja padrikai, nederindami vienas su kitu. Todėl kartais namai atrodo neestetiškai, primena ,,kregždžių lizdus“. Žemųjų Šančių istorinės, urbanistinės ir architektūrinės savybės nulėmė tam tikrus gyvensenos ypatumus. Tankus užstatymas suformavo glaudžius santykius su kaimynais, skurdesnio ir žemesnio socialinio sluoksnio gyvenamos vietos įvaizdis nulėmė savitą vietinių gyventojų mentalitetą, prie namų esantys... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] Suburbs of Lithuanian cities did not gain scientists’ considerable attention. Old towns, new towns and districts with other valuable architectural features are the most explored. Meanwhile, fringes of cities are forgotten. Žemieji Šanciai were researched in accordance with historical approach, as well as part of the Kaunas fortress, but there is almost no information about urban development and peculiarities of wooden building. Žemieji Šanciai has a distinctive urban network, which since the end of nineteenth century has developed self-contained. Although during First Republic of Lithuania it has been trying to redesign the suburbs, but due to dense built-up area, it was failed. Wooden buildings are dominated in Žemieji Šanciai. The main building types are homestead and rented houses. Townsman house type also remained in some places. In Juozapavičiaus avenue houses of non-commissioned officers and railway workers are standing remained and they were built during Tsarist Russia. Many houses have lost their authenticity and were renovated using modern, not very suitable for building materials. Some houses have several owners, which repair their house facades disconnectedly, do not combine one with another. So sometimes houses look non-aesthetic, remind „nests of swallows”. Historical, urban and architectural features of Žemieji Šanciai have determined certain lifestyle peculiarities. Dense building formed close relationship with the neighbors, residence image of poorer and... [to full text]

Le basket « made in USA » est aujourd’hui la norme de référence pour de nombreux jeunes basketteurs de banlieue parisienne. Certains d’entre eux se réapproprient les codes du « hip-hop ball » pour se forger une forme d’identité hybride, où les attributs culturels provenant de cette culture afro-américaine sont adaptés dans leur environnement social. À la suite d’une enquête ethnographique menée durant cinq ans au cœur du basket francilien, l’objectif est donc de saisir les enjeux culturels et identitaires qui existent et déterminent les nouvelles modalités de cette identité de banlieue. Finalement, comment et pourquoi cette population jeune des milieux populaires est-elle si tournée vers les États-Unis ? The basketball “made in USA” is the standard of reference for a large number of young basketball players in today’s Parisian suburbs. Some of these youngsters re-appropriate the codes of the “hip-hop ball” to build for themselves a form of hybrid identity with cultural attributes inspired by Afro-American culture but appropriated to their social environment. The research is based on a five year ethnographic study in the heartlands of basketball in Île-de-France. It aims to capture the cultural and identity issues which create and determine the new modalities of this suburban identity. In conclusion, how and why these young people from working-class areas are so much turned towards the United States of America?

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama Klaipėdos miesto ir jo priemiesčių zonų teritorinė kaita 2005–2013 metais bei gyventojų skaičiaus kitimas. Miestai per pastaruosius dešimtmečius patyrė nemažai pokyčių, nes juos paveikė prieš tai sukurti miesto modeliai. Todėl, kaip ir prieš kelis dešimtmečius, aktualus klausimas lieka miesto ateitis, jo vystymasis, plėtra bei metamorfozės. Straipsnio autorės atliko Klaipėdos miesto ir jo priemiesčių zonų gyvenviečių plėtros ir gyventojų skaičiaus analizę. Remiantis gautais Klaipėdos miesto ir jo priemiesčių zonų kaitos bei gyventojų skaičiaus kitimo rezultatais per aštuonerius metus, pateiktos gyventojų skaičiaus ir gyvenamųjų teritorijų dydžio kitimo prognozės Klaipėdos mieste bei jo priemiesčių zonose iki 2020 metų. Article examines Klaipėda city and its suburban areas territorial change, as well as population change during the year 2005–2013. During these decades, cities experienced major changes because of previously created city models. Because of this, on these days it is still important to predict city’s future development, expansion and metamorphosis. Today it is very important to predict and make future prognoses of city development in case to avoid spatial planning failure, rising from social and demographical economical problems. Even today cities are facing sub-urbanization which leads to city emptiness. Therefore, article’s main aim is Klaipėda city and its suburban zones together with population future analysis and development. According to received Klaipėda city, city suburban areas and population change results during these eight years, the most important thing was to create and understand future of the city, suburban areas and population development in this area till the nearest 2020 year.

Eavan Boland, one of the most prominent contemporary Irish poets, very often uses autobiographical details in her poetry. This is especially significant for her 1982 collection, Night Feed, in which Boland largely identifies with lyric subjects who are almost always suburban mothers/wives/housewives. Things and details by which Boland’s women are surrounded within domestic space (baby’s bottles, nappies, toys, dirty laundry, dishes, remnants of food, etc.), very ordinary and mundane at first sight, provide the poet with a rich material for writing poetry. The imagery which is traditionally considered rather trivial and not poetic enough enters her poems conveying stories of the totally neglected life of many contemporary (Irish) women. This paper focuses on the ways in which Boland conveys domestic interiors, and its aim is to demonstrate how in her poetry interior space turns into a poetic world with its own significance that is not less important than the outside urban or rural spaces inscribed in the poetry of other poets.

This article is devoted to the results of an archaeological survey carried out in 2008 on the site of the former faubourg (suburb) of Sviyazhsk town. The survey obtained and analysed useful information about the nature and contents of the cultural layer being revealed by the eroding banks of the Kuibyshev reservoir. The survey represented the first archaeological research carried out in the Sviyazhsk faubourg, and yielded much information on its layout. The remains of approximately 40 wooden constructions (buildings, fences, pavements, etc.) from the second half of the 16th-beginning of the 20th century were uncovered during the excavation. The residential character of the excavated buildings was determined by the presence of furnace remains found on the excavation site. The unified orientation of the household buildings from various layers of the excavation site, dating from the mid-16th up to the 20th century, indicates the street plan of the faubourg, which was more or less maintained throughout its existence. More than half the studied constructions were damaged by fire which accordingly gave rise to the development of the Sviyazhsk faubourg. The finds - 5,374 items in total - included 2,863 ceramic fragments (of which 334 were of traditional Bulgar style); 2,391 leather items (shoes, mittens, quivers, etc.); textiles (wool, homespun linen, felt, willow fibre) and iron goods (knives, scissors, nails, etc.). The numerous finds that emerged from the excavation site reflect the life, craft, farming and trading activities of the population of this medieval town and concurred with other known sources illustrating the life of Sviyazhsk residents as the town waxed and waned in its political importance as a trading post and economic centre of the region.

This short thesis starts as a comparison between the history and fate of two quite different suburbs in Södertälje, Sweden; it continues into an investigation of the mechanincs behind one of them; it ends with ideas on the nature of the "single family home". I detta examensarbetebörjar jag med att berätta historien om två ganska olika villaförorter iSödertälje. Fortsätter leder in bakom kulisserna på ett av dem. I avslutning presenterarjag mina funderingar kring vad och för vem en villa skulle kunna vara.

The starting point of the project was threat that commercial forces pose to the identity of today’s suburban centers. The value of a square or a non-commercial space to meet seems somehow forgotten since shopping malls and internet are our new meeting spaces. In the anonymous suburb Barkarby northwest of Stockholm the project aims to question the barrier often dividing commuter railway suburbs. The project realizes the urban values that the train inhabits and embraces the very artery that supplies the city with people. It is a first step towards a dense development enhancing the identity and status of the suburb, not trying to imitate the inner city core. Instead it competes with big scale commercial activities by suggesting qualities extracted from the suburb itself. An amphitheatre which questions the space between the highway and train, an activity path with more or less spontaneous activities and an multihall under the train tracks altogether enriches each other and through visual guidance attracts people on a piece of ground otherwise difficult to exploit. Utgångspunkten för projektet är det hot som kommersiella krafter utgör mot dagens förortscentrum. Vikten av ett torg eller annan icke kommersiell plats att mötas på glöms bort då gallerior och internet fungerar som våra nya mötesplatser. I den anonyma förorten Barkarby, belägen nordväst om Stockholm, strävar projektet efter att ifrågasätta den barriär som så ofta delar av området kring pendeltågsstationer. Projektet anammar de urbana kvaliteerna som tåget representerar och omfamnar själva anledningen till områdets befolkande. Det är ett första steg mot en tät stadsväv utanför stadskärnan, vilken också förstärker den lokala identiteten. Utan att härma innerstadens typlogi så förstärker projektet platsens status. Istället konkurrerar projektet med storskaliga kommersiella aktiviteter genom att erbjuda ett extract av förortens redan inneboende kvaliteter. En amfiteater som ifrågasätter utrymmet mellan motorvägen och tågspåren, ett aktivitetsstråk med mer eller mindre spontana aktiviteter och en multihall under tågspåren berikar varandra och genom visuell ledning attraherar folk på en plats som annars aldrig skulle utnyttjats.

Images of the urban fringes of French cities often tend either to condemn their ugliness or to revel in a strange fascination for these geometric spaces. Here, Laurent Devisme comments upon Jean-Christophe Bardot’s photographs, and shows how they give a visible form to the imagined perceptions of these urban spaces., Les images des périphéries urbaines oscillent souvent entre la dénonciation de la laideur et la fascination pour ces espaces géométriques. Commentant les photographies de Jean-Christophe Bardot, Laurent Devisme montre comment elles rendent visibles l’imaginaire des territoires urbains.

Remember the Future is a typological addition to the renowned Stockholm suburb of Fittja, an area built during the Million Programme in the early 70’s, and the project tries to weave itself into this unfashionable urban fabric. Fittja’s different building types share a strong common language, they remind us of a family, a group of siblings, all of the same generation. Our project enacts the return of a lost sibling, raised under very different circumstances, but unmistakably of the same blood, and its return changes the family dynamic forever. Remember the Future är ett typologiskt tillägg till den ontalade Stockholmsförorten Fittja, byggd under Miljonprogrammet på tidigt 70-tal, och projektet försöker tråckla sig in i denna otidsenliga stadsväv. Fittjas olika byggnadstyper delar ett utpräglat gemensamt språk, de påminner om en familj, en syskonskara, alla från samma generation. Projektet iscensätter återkomsten av ett förlorat syskon, uppväxt under helt andra förutsättningar men tveklöst av samma blod, och dess återkomst förändrar familjedynamiken för alltid.

Remember the Future is a typological addition to the renowned Stockholm suburb of Fittja, an area built during the Million Programme in the early 70’s, and the project tries to weave itself into this unfashionable urban fabric. Fittja’s different building types share a strong common language, they remind us of a family, a group of siblings, all of the same generation. Our project enacts the return of a lost sibling, raised under very different circumstances, but unmistakably of the same blood, and its return changes the family dynamic forever. Remember the Future är ett typologiskt tillägg till den ontalade Stockholmsförorten Fittja, byggd under Miljonprogrammet på tidigt 70-tal, och projektet försöker tråckla sig in i denna otidsenliga stadsväv. Fittjas olika byggnadstyper delar ett utpräglat gemensamt språk, de påminner om en familj, en syskonskara, alla från samma generation. Projektet iscensätter återkomsten av ett förlorat syskon, uppväxt under helt andra förutsättningar men tveklöst av samma blod, och dess återkomst förändrar familjedynamiken för alltid.

International audience; How do households belonging to the middle classes decide to come live in a `poor' city in the Parisian suburbs? What makes them stay? What are the judgements and strategies that have been brought to bear both individually in their daily lives and as a social group in terms of their collective involvement and their relationships with other social groups? What does this kind of `social mix' imply in terms of social practices, local and social belonging? This article shows that attitudes towards social mixing have to be considered in terms of their sociological dimensions. This analysis thus takes into account middle-class diversity in socio-residential terms, in terms of trajectories, values and attachment to a particular area. The article also emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between different dimensions of attitudes towards social mixing: depending on the issues at stake, people can accept and sometimes promote a form of cohabitation, or, quite to the contrary, reject it. Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of local contexts and their temporality: for someone belonging to the middle classes, living in a poor city may also mean holding a relatively higher position than elsewhere.

Since 2000, new women's movements emerge like Ni putes ni soumises (NPNS) who give a new approach to activism: not the one on feminists in the classi- cal sense of the term with the connotations it carries, but women carrying claims in the media and through the media on the living conditions of the residents of the suburbs. So, many media will take part in the mediatization of NPNS and its dis-courses, and will serve in some way as a place of “factory” for the public opinion.

The process of commuting characteristic stages of suburbanization; expert survey of heads of municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region, revealed the social contradictions of the process associated with the problem of registration of individual housing structures and thus the formation of the local budget, which reduces the possibility of local authorities to provide decent living conditions for the population of the suburbs. Рассматриваются процессы маятниковой миграции, характерные для этапа субурбанизации. Экспертный опрос глав муниципальных образований Свердловской области выявил социальные противоречия этого процесса, связанные с проблемой регистрации индивидуальных жилищных строений и тем самым формирования местного бюджета, что сужает возможности местной администрации обеспечить достойные условия жизнедеятельности населения пригородов.

The purpose of this study was to find out what some young adults who have grown up in Husby themselves for perception of the area, what do they think they brought with them of their childhood there, and find out what they think others do not live in Husby has view of the area. In our study we also tried to find out what the young adults raised in Husby think about the media's influence on public perception of the area Husby, and what they think about the neighborhood's future. The main results that we believe we have come up with is that the media seems to have a big role in the creation of our beliefs. The respondents indicate that they think the media portrays an unfair picture of the suburb and its inhabitants. We believe it is very important that people meet to avoid the categories "us" and "them" to be formed. We have also seen that the boys stamp as suburban guys have both advantages and disadvantage depending on context. Several of the guys expressing a frustration that they sometimes needs to take responsibility for the actions of others just because of their appearance or the area they live in. They also tell that they mostly have negative reactions when they say that they come from Husby. Sometimes they feel that they are not beeing seen for the person they are. Some positive things they have brought with them from their childhood in Husby is the multicultural mix and they have learned to meet people from different cultures. Other benefits they have brought with them is the love and the community that childhood was marked by. There are different opinions about Husby's future in our interviews. Everyone likes the area but many of the interviewees say that they do not want to live there in the future when they start families. because they want their children to grow up in a more integrated setting than what they think Husby is today.

In this study we examine five selected media organisations with different forms of production platforms that all appear in Stockholm's southern and western suburbs, which are part of the million-construction project. Their stated ambition is to present an alternative image of the suburbs than that found in mainstream media. They want to portray themselves instead of constantly being described by others. The purpose of the study is to gain a better understanding of the reason for the emergence of these media, their visions according to the media producers themselves, and how they relate to mainstream media. The study is based on a theoretical framework that focuses on diverse approaches of alternative media and the journalists' role in a democratic society. The wide data analysis from qualitative informant interviews, with small observations as a complement, showed results indicating criticism against the misrepresentation of Stockholm suburbs in mainstream media. Furthermore the results show that the overall dissatisfaction of this misrepresentation is one of the main reasons why the different media, which are both represented by citizens and journalists, were founded. The founders saw their work either as a reaction to this misrepresentation or as a way to fill a gap in their community. The local papers we visited embraced the notion of citizen journalism, which proved to be a part of filling the mentioned gap, while other organisations expressed political goals. In summary, there were similarities between the media organisations in terms of problem definition as well as differences in how they approached these problems. Furthermore the analysis confirmed the democratic shortage that is experienced in these areas, and that these media therefore are trying to oppose. They provide the local community they operate in with news, information and opinion, but they also aim to be a platform for participation and discussion.

Le projet de « territoire de la culture et de la création » porté par la communauté d’agglomération Plaine Commune dans le cadre du Grand Paris constitue une déclinaison tout à fait originale du concept de « ville créative » dans le cadre d’une banlieue pauvre. En assimilant la marginalité sociale à la créativité, ses concepteurs nous interrogent sur la place que pourraient à l’avenir occuper ces quartiers populaires dans le cadre d’une économie culturelle et créative. En démêlant ce qui relève du politique, du marketing territorial et du fonctionnement socio-économique du territoire, nous tenterons d’examiner quelle peut être la portée d’une telle proposition. The community of Plaine Commune is implementing a project of a « territory of culture and creation » within the Grand Paris. It is a completely original version of the concept of a creative city, set in a deprived suburb. Indeed, its designers liken social fringe to creativity and in doing so they question the place that these poorer districts could hold within a cultural and creative economy in the future. We'll draw distinctions between what is political, what is territorial marketing, and what is the socio-economic functioning of the territory and we will study what impact such a proposal can have.

Research on the rehabilitation of a district of the suburbs of the historic Italian city of Agrigento, from reinterpreting historical frame in a new key to space utilization invites reflection on the concept of urban regeneration in historic areas medium cities of Euro-Mediterranean context, at a time when the growth of cities seems to enter a phase of stagnation in which the tourism component of these areas reveals a possibility of urban transformation. The article proposes a methodology for analysis and intervention Rabato district in which energy efficiency, implementation of smart technologies and citizen participation are complemented by the incorporation of economic, cultural and social values, to build an expanded concept of smart city. In addition, we propose the creation of a mapping system and visualization of urban data, which may constitute a network of historic smart cities, which serve to transfer and share knowledge and intervention methodologies. La investigación sobre la rehabilitación de un barrio de los arrabales de la ciudad histórica italiana de Agrigento a partir de la reinterpretación de su trama histórica en una nueva clave de aprovechamiento del espacio, invita a reflexionar sobre el concepto de regeneración urbana en áreas históricas de ciudades medias del contexto euro mediterráneo, en un momento en el que el crecimiento de las ciudades parece entrar en una fase de estancamiento y en el que la componente turística de estos ámbitos se revela como una posibilidad de transformación urbana. El artículo propone una metodología sobre el análisis y la intervención en el barrio del Rabato en el que la eficiencia energética, la implementación de tecnologías smart y la participación ciudadana, se complementan con la incorporación de los valores patrimoniales, culturales y sociales para construir un concepto expandido de ciudad inteligente. Además, se propone la creación de un sistema de mapeo y visibilización de datos urbanos, que pudieran constituir una red de ciudades históricas smart, que sirviese para transferir y compartir conocimiento y metodologías de intervención.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur ungdomars identitetsskapande påverkas ur ett stigmatiserat bostadsområde. Vi har därför utrett hur ungdomar upplever den mediala framställningen av bostadsområdet, därtill hur det kan inverka på deras identitetsskapande. Metoden baserades på en kvalitativ ansats där sex ungdomar har intervjuats från Stockholms förort Husby. Teorier som har tillämpats i vår analys var Goffmans stigma teori, Ristilammis förortsdiskurs samt en teoretisering av ”vi” och ”dem”. Med dessa tillämpningar kunde vi identifiera hur ett stigmatiserat bostadsområde upprätthåller och konstruerar ungdomars identitetskapande.Sammanfattningsvis tydde resultatet på att våra respondenter i förorten Husby var medvetna om den stigmatiserande bilden som deras förort beskrivs som. Dock skildes deras egen uppfattning av området i jämförelse med den tillskrivna. Ungdomarna var medvetna om det negativa anseendet av sin ort, men vi uppmärksammade att gemenskapen överväger denna negativitet. The purpose of this study was to examine how youth identity formation can be influenced by a stigmatized neighborhood. Therefore, we investigated how young people experience the medial representation of the residential area, and how it may affect their identity formation. The method was based on a qualitative approach where six young people were interviewed from the suburb Husby near Stockholm.Theories that have been applied in our analysis were Goffman's stigma theory, Ristilammis suburb discourse and a theory of “us and “them”. With these applications, we were able to identify how a stigmatized residential maintains and constructs youth identity formation.In summary, the results indicated that our respondents in the suburb of Husby were aware of the stigmatized image of their suburban is described. However differenced theirs own perception of the area in comparison with the assigned. The young people were concerned about the negative reputation of their location (suburb), but we noticed that the affinity outweighs this negativity.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka Pantrarna genom att se på vad för typ av social rörelse Pantrarna är. Sociala faktorer som låg bakom bildandet, deras förebilder, metoderna de använde, hur de organiserade sig och vad de ville uppnå undersöktes. Bakgrunden till bildandet av en social rörelse som Pantrarna var komplex och flera teorier och begrepp fick därför användas för att försöka förklara kontext såväl som Pantrarna som social rörelse. Uppsatsen är gjord genom en kvalitativ metod bestående av intervjuer, innehållsanalys på filmen om dem, observation vid deras festival, netnografisk studie av rörelsen där Facebook,Youtube och deras hemsida studerats. De viktigaste resultatet som hittades var att Pantrarna är en social rörelse som bygger på ett konfliktperspektiv där de använder metoder som att storma politikers möten och genom demonstrationer. De anordnar även föreläsningar och en årlig musikfestival som är gratis. Medlemmarna upplever ett utanförskap och upplever att de inte har möjligheter att uppnå sina mål och drömmar som boende i andra områden utanför förorten. Men möjligen är det så att deär fast i sin egen upplevelse av alienation mot det omgivande samhället och snarare bidrar till den än att, som de vill, motverka den.Nyckelord: Social rörelse, Förorten, Alienation The purpose of this paper was to investigate Pantrarna by looking at what kind of social movement Pantrarna are. Social factors behind the founding, the rolemodels, methods used, how they were organized and what they wanted to achieve was studied. The background ofthe founding of the social movement like Pantrarna was complex and therefore several theories and concepts were used to try to understand the context as well as Pantrarna as a social movement. Qualitative method consisting of interviews, content analysis of the movie about them, observation at their festival, a netnographic study of the movement through Facebook, Youtube and on their website.The most important findings was that Pantrarna is a social movement that rests on a conflictperspective where they use methods like storming politicians meetings and through demonstrations. They also arrange lectures and a yearly music festival that’s free. The members experience an exclusion and they feel that they don’t have the same possibilities to achieve their goals and dreams like the residents in other areas outside the suburbs. But maybe they are stuck in their own experience of alienation towards the surrounding society and rather contribute to it, as oppose to doing what they want, counteract it.Keywords: Social movement, Suburb, Alienation.

The different meanings attached to the word "suburb" (when used in French) lead to confusion. The term was first used in a legal and then administrative sense, but it represents primarily a field of study for the social sciences. The media show considerable interest in this area, but the producers of relate images show little understanding of the processes which lie behind their existence. The problem districts of the suburbs have also become the implicit focus of government urban policy, arising out of a concern which has long existed to provide social housing. The notion of suburb has a peculiar sense in France, developed in relation to a capital city which has a symbolic importance unknown elsewhere, and integrated into national policy-making from the 1970s. It has become outdated to reflect in terms of a centre and a periphery, taking no account of other spatial configurations and to view suburbs as organisms which inevitably develop disorders requiring remedial action., La confusion qui règne entre les significations du mot banlieue entretient une obscurité préjudiciable à la clarté des débats dont elle est le sujet central. Née d'une réalité juridique devenue administrative, la banlieue est d'abord un terrain pour les sciences sociales, qui l'érigent en terrain d'investigation. Les images de la banlieue occupent aujourd'hui les médias, sans que les producteurs de ces représentations aient une claire conscience de la sédimentation des codes anti-urbains à partir desquels ils opèrent. Les quartiers de banlieue sont enfin l'objet masqué de la politique de la ville, issue des inquiétudes anciennes du mouvement du logement social. La question des banlieues est une étrange spécificité française, apparue autour d'une capitale dont le poids symbolique est sans égal ailleurs, et nationalisée à partir des années 1970. Réfléchir en termes de rapport centre/périphérie est un archaïsme qui ne permet pas de penser les configurations nouvelles, et le diagnostic sur les quartiers en crise n'est que le dernier avatar du vieil organicisme., Fourcaut Annie. Pour en finir avec la banlieue. / Ending the use of the term "suburb".. In: Géocarrefour, vol. 75, n°2, 2000. Questions de banlieues. pp. 101-105.

The detailed study of two working-class housing estates in the suburbs of Lyon and St. Etienne, today deserted by the industries which were at their origin, questions the way the media almost systematically present 'problem' suburbs as zones of poverty- Analysing both individual strategies of house purchase and appropriation of buildings as they are rehabilitated shows the resistance of residents to such generalization about the areas in which they live. A link can be seen with a tradition of sociability, generated through working together, which still exists despite the closure of factories. Given that these two estates are structured and integrated areas with an industrial heritage, it is inappropriate to consider their present situation merely in terms of their urban location and the current restructuring of market economies. Thus the term "problem suburb", in the sense that it is used by the media and scientific communities loses much of its sense if the phenomenon of desindustrialisation is not taken into account., L'étude approfondie de deux cités ouvrières aujourd'hui désertées par leur "entreprise mère", dans les banlieues lyonnaise et stéphanoise, interroge la quasi-naturalisation de la paupérisation opérée par les médias lorsqu'il est question de "banlieue". L'analyse des stratégies individuelles de rachat des maisons pour l'une, des processus d'appropriation lors des réhabilitations de ses immeubles pour l'autre, montre une résistance de leurs habitants à la banalisation de ces espaces périphériques. On peut y voir le fruit de sociabilités héritées du travail ensemble, et toujours opérantes, malgré la fermeture des sites de production. Parce qu'il s'agit d'espaces cohérents et intégrés produits par le travail, il ne peut être ici question d'euphémiser les liens existant entre une situation urbaine et la restructuration économique libérale en cours. Ainsi le terme de "banlieue", tel que relayé par la doxa médiatico- scientifique, paraît bien vite pauvre lorsqu'il est vidé des phénomènes de désindus- trialisation qui travaillent ces territoires., Duchêne François, Morel Journel Christelle. Cités ouvrières et banlieue : la filiation oubliée. / Working class estates and suburbs : a forgotten link.. In: Géocarrefour, vol. 75, n°2, 2000. Questions de banlieues. pp. 155-164.

The SICOVAL is an association of different municipalities. It was created in 1975 to plan an activity park in the south-eastern suburbs of Toulouse and in 1996 was tranformed into a 'community of towns'. Even if this was not the initial purpose, it represents an original attempt to create a new form of citizenship with respects both high technology and agriculture in urban and rural r settings., Tomas François. Produire de la ville en périphérie urbaine : le cas du SICOVAL / Creating a town in the urban periphery : the case of SICOVAL. In: Revue de géographie de Lyon, vol. 72, n°2, 1997. Une nouvelle culture de l'aménagement des villes. pp. 143-151.

La vivienda protegida de promoción pública construida en España durante la autarquía constituye una tipología edificatoria extendida en las ciudades contemporáneas. En la actualidad, presenta un alto grado de obsolescencia tanto desde el punto de vista constructivo como tipológico y, en algunos casos, una total falta de integración en el entorno urbano. En Zaragoza, se ha puesto en marcha una política de rehabilitación pública concebida para operaciones integrales en barrios de estas características que estudiaremos mediante el caso concreto del Grupo "El Picarral"., Public housing developed in Spain during the autarchy period has become a widespread building type in contemporary cities. Nowadays, it presents a high degree of obsolescence from both the structural and typological perspectives and, in some cases, a complete lack of integration within the urban environment. In Saragossa, it has been launched a public restoration policy designed for integrated interventions in neighborhoods affected by these problems. We will study this strategy through the specific case of the area called "El Picarral"., Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Historia del Arte, Agradecemos el apoyo económico recibido por la Universidad de Zaragoza y el Banco Santander, proyecto UZ2012-TEC-03.

The idea of a PhD on the close vicinity, the ‘periurban’ area of a city, stems from an observation: most of the studies done on the urban phenomenon in the Middle Ages, whether cities monographs or archeological studies, focus mainly on the intramural space and topography. To the contrary, the current work aims to study a city in a broader whole, through the review of the close vicinity of the precinct, and ignoring, for once, which is inside the walls. In this regard, it studies the composition, the geographical organization and the topographic evolution of the ‘periurban’ area of the city, during a period from the end of the Middle Ages to the modern era. Its questioning focuses on the relationship between the city and its ‘periurban’, how it uses it, and how it needs it. In order to prevent the too common risk for monographs of addressing an ‘exception’, this research draws a comparison between three cities, Reims, Metz and Strasbourg, similar in that they all are Episcopal cities, of roman origin and counting more than 10.000 inhabitants during the period studied., L’idée d’une thèse s’intéressant aux environs proches, au périurbain d’une ville vient d’une constatation : la plupart des études réalisées sur le phénomène urbain au Moyen Âge, que ce soient des monographies de villes, des études archéologiques…, traitent principalement de l’espace, de la topographie intra-muros. Ce travail a donc pour but d’étudier une ville dans un ensemble plus large, en examinant ce qui se trouve dans les environs proches de l’enceinte et en laissant de côté, pour une fois, l’intérieur des remparts. Dans cette optique, il étudie la composition, l’organisation géographique, et l’évolution topographique du périurbain de la ville durant une période allant de la fin du Moyen Âge à l’époque moderne. Il s’agit de se poser la question des rapports entre la ville et son périurbain, en voyant comment elle l’utilise et en quoi il lui est nécessaire. Afin de contourner l’écueil de la monographie, trop facilement susceptible de traiter d’un cas « exception », cette recherche met en comparaison trois villes de même nature, Reims, Metz et Strasbourg, toutes trois villes épiscopales, d’origine romaine et de plus de 10.000 habitants au cours de la période étudiée.

[Abstract fehlt], Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften, Vol 6 (1965): Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften 06 (1965)

Le quartier du Mīdān est sans aucun doute le faubourg de Damas le plus représentatif de l’histoire de l’expansion de la ville hors de ses murailles. Toutefois, plusieurs édifices de ce secteur demeurent non identifiés. Ces monuments viennent cependant nous renseigner sur l’histoire de la ville et sur les personnages qui sont à l’origine de l’urbanisation des espaces extra-muros. Le but de cet article est de fournir des données nouvelles contribuant à identifier, à travers quatre monuments, les acteurs du processus ayant conduit au développement de ce quartier à l’époque mamelouke. The Mīdān neighborhood is clearly the most representative element of the historical expansion of the city outside the walls. Although this historical suburb is comparatively well documented, there still are a few unidentified buildings remaining. Through examination of four of these buildings, this article provides new data that allows us to identify actors involved in the process of urban development of Damascus in the Mamluk period. These buildings thus give information on the history of the city as well as the people who played a role in the urban development of this area during the mamluk period. لا شك أن حي الميدان ضاحية مدينة دمشق التي تلخص أفضل تلخيص تاريخ توسع دمشق خارج أسوارها. ولكن ما زال عدد من المباني في هذا القطاع مجهول الهوية. ومع ذلك تزودنا هذه المباني بالمعلومات عن تاريخ المدينة وعن الذين عملوا على توسعها خارج أسوارها.فهدف هذه الدراسة هو تقديم معطيات جديدة تساهم بالتعرف على محركي سير العملية التي أدّت لتطور الحيّ في العصر المملوكي و ذلك عبر الكشف عن هوية أربعة من المباني.