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The use of irregular porous structures in bone tissue engineering (BTE) has attracted increasing attention. An irregular porous structure is similar to that of human bone tissue and is more suitable for bone tissue growth than a regular porous structure. In this study, we propose a top-down design method for constructing irregular porous structures based on Voronoi tessellation. The model constructed with this method was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and industrial computed tomography (CT) was used to measure the morphological characteristics; the mechanical properties were obtained by quasi-static compressive test. The experimental results showed that the samples had a porosity ranging from 50% to 85%, an average pore diameter ranging from 512 to 998 μm, an apparent elastic modulus ranging from 2.13 to 3.97 Gpa, and a compressive strength ranging from 78.99 to 130.5 Mpa and met the artificial implant requirements. Three regression equations were established between the three design parameters and the porosity, apparent elastic modulus, and compressive strength using a response surface methodology (RSM). The equations allow for better control of the irregular porous structure and the prediction of the properties. Image 1008747 • Irregular porous scaffolds were constructed and samples were obtained by SLM. • Irregular porous structure met needs of bone tissue engineering. • Relationship between structural design parameters and porosity, mechanical properties were concluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bone marrow stimulation treatment by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) released from the bone medullary cavity and differentiated into cartilage via microfracture surgery is a frequently employed technique for treating articular cartilage injuries, yet the treatment presents a main drawback of poor cartilage regeneration in the elderly. Prior research indicated that aging could decrease the stemness capacity of BMSCs, thus we made a hypothesis that increasing old BMSCs (OBMSCs) stemness might improve the results of microfracture in the elderly. First, we investigated the correlation between microfracture outcomes and BMSCs stemness using clinical data and animal experiments. The outcomes of microfracture surgery in the elderly were significantly decreased as compared with the young counterparts while the stemness capacity of OBMSCs was also significantly decreased, and they were positively correlated. To investigate the role of BMSCs stemness in microfracture, we developed microfracture-mimic cartilage regeneration organoid models. In vitro experiments identified SPI1 as a potential stemness target gene, which could enhance the stemness and chondrogenesis of OBMSCs. The implantation of cartilage regeneration organoids made by SPI1-overexpressed OBMSCs could notably enhance cartilage regeneration in the old rats as compared with the microfracture treatment alone. Furthermore, molecular docking suggested a possible interaction between SPI1 and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5Aza). The application of 5Aza could significantly improve the result of microfracture by upregulating SPI1. In summary, we identified SPI1 as a novel stemness target of OBMSCs, which was beneficial for the improvement of microfracture-stimulated cartilage regeneration in the elderly., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2025.)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the soluble Klotho (sKlotho)/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on vascular calcification in rat models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the intervention effect of Shenyuan granules., Methods: Rats with 5/6 nephrectomy and high phosphorus feeding were used to establish the vascular calcification model. The rats were given gradient doses of Shenyuan granules aqueous solution and calcitriol solution by gavage for 8 weeks, which were divided into experimental group and positive control group., Results: The 5/6 nephrectomy combined with high phosphorus feeding induced thoracic aortic calcification in rats. Shenyuan granules intervention increased the serum sKlotho level, inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of Wnt1, β-catenin, and Runx2 in the thoracic aorta, and alleviated thoracic aortic media calcification in rats., Conclusion: Shenyuan granules may partially regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via serum sKl to interfere with the expression of Runx2, thereby improving vascular calcification in CKD.

MerTK PET imaging holds potential as a promising approach for assessing tumor aggressiveness and monitoring treatment response. In this study, we synthesized a series of 18 F- and 68 Ga-labeled tracers derived from MerTK inhibitors for detection of MerTK expression. Among the synthesized agents, the dimeric compounds [ 68 Ga] 10 and [ 68 Ga] 12 demonstrated good in vivo and in vitro stability, high affinities to the MerTK receptor, and good MerTK-targeting specificity. Notably, [ 68 Ga] 10 exhibited a tumor uptake of 2.6 ± 0.2%ID/g at 1 h p. i. in B16F10 tumor-bearing mice, nearly tripling the uptake of its monomeric counterpart [ 68 Ga] 3 . A similar enhancement was observed with [ 68 Ga] 12 compared to its monomeric analog [ 68 Ga] 6 . Additionally, [ 18 F] 14 achieved a tumor uptake of 7.6 ± 0.5%ID/g at 2 h p. i., outperforming the previously reported [ 18 F] 15 . Biodistribution analysis further validated the results, highlighting their potential for clinical investigation.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising iodine adsorbents. For improved performances, it is critical and essential to fundamentally understand the underlying mechanism. Here, using the operando dark-field optical microscopy (DFM) imaging technique, the observation of an extraordinary structure shrinkage of 2D triphenylbenzene (TPB)-dimethoxyterephthaldehyde (DMTP)-COF upon the adsorption of I 2 vapor at the single-particle resolution is reported. Combining single-particle DFM imaging with other experimental and theoretical methods, it is revealed that the shrinkage mechanism of the TPB-DMTP-COF is attributed to the I 2 sorption-induced synchronous skeleton-pore interactions. The redox reaction of I 2 and TPB-DMTP-COF yields some cationic skeletons and I 3 - species, which triggers the multi-directional halogen-bonding interactions of I 2 and I 3 - as well as strong cation-π interactions between neutral and cationic skeletons, accompanying the synchronous in-plane skeleton shrinking in the xy plane and compact out-of-plane layer packing in the z-direction. This understanding of the synchronous action between the skeleton and pore breaks the perspective on the structure robustness of 2D COFs with excellent stability during the I 2 uptake, which offers pivotal guidance for the rational design and creation of advanced microporous adsorbents., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Purpose: To develop a deep learning (DL) model that can simultaneously detect lateral and medial collateral ligament injuries of the ankle, aiding in the diagnosis of chronic ankle instability (CAI), and assess its impact on clinicians' diagnostic performance., Methods: DL models were developed and externally validated on retrospectively collected ankle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between April 2016 and March 2022 respectively at 3 centers. Included patients had confirmed diagnoses of CAI through arthroscopy, as well as individuals who had undergone MRI and physical examinations that ruled out ligament injuries. DL models were constructed based on a multilabel paradigm. A transformer-based multilabel DL model (AnkleNet) was developed and compared with 4 convolution neural network (CNN) models. Subsequently, a reader study was conducted to evaluate the impact of model assistance on clinicians when diagnosing challenging cases: identifying rotational CAI (RCAI). Diagnostic performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)., Results: Our transformer-based model achieved AUCs of 0.910 and 0.892 for detecting lateral and medial collateral ligament injury, respectively, both of which were significantly higher than those of CNN-based models (all P < .001). In terms of further CAI diagnosis, there was a macro-average AUC of 0.870 and a balanced accuracy of 0.805. The reader study indicated that incorporation with our model significantly enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of clinicians (P = .042), particularly junior clinicians, and led to a reduction in diagnostic variability. The code of the model can be accessed at https://github.com/ChiariRay/AnkleNet., Conclusions: Our transformer-based model was able to detect lateral and medial collateral ligament injuries based on MRI and outperformed CNN-based models, demonstrating a promising performance in diagnosing CAI, especially patients with RCAI., Clinical Relevance: Developing such an algorithm can improve the diagnostic performance of clinicians, aiding in identifying patients who would benefit from arthroscopy, such as patients with RCAI., (Copyright © 2024 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal disease caused by ASF virus (ASFV), severely impacting the global swine industry. Though nuclear acid-based detection methods are reliable, they are laboratory-dependent. In this study, we developed a device-independent, user friendly and cost-effective quantum dots based immunochromatographic strip (QDs-ICS) with high specificity and sensitivity for the rapid and on-site detection of ASFV antigen. For the preparation of the QDs-ICS, we generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) mAb-8G8 and polyclonal antibody (pAb) against ASFV-p72 protein. The pAb was labelled with QDs to be used as the detection probe and the mAb-8G8 was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane as the test line. Our results proved that the strip displayed no cross-reactivity with other swine viruses and detection limit of the QDs-ICS was down to 1 ng/mL for the ASFV-p72 protein with great reproducibility. The strip also exhibited high stability with a storage period up to 12 months under room temperature. Twenty blind samples and one hundred clinical samples were examined by the QDs-ICS, conventional PCR and real-time PCR method, respectively. Results showed that the agreement rate between the QDs-ICS and PCR method was 100%, and the agreement rate between the strip and real-time PCR was 94%. The novel QDs-ICS developed here would be an effective tool for on-site detection of ASFV., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

In this study, we successfully developed a nanobody-based double antibody sandwich ELISA kit for the detection of clinical serum C-reactive protein (CRP) by using two novel CRP specific nanobodies. The developed method exhibited a linear detection range of approximately 6-200 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 1 ng/mL. Furthermore, the method demonstrated excellent specificity, as there was no cross-reactivity with interfering substances such as total bilirubin and hemoglobin and so on. To assess reproducibility, independent measurements of the samples were conducted under experimental conditions, resulting in intra- and inter-batch coefficients of variation below 10% and a recovery rate of 93%-102%. These results indicate robust reproducibility of the method. To evaluate the performance of the developed kit, we collected 90 clinical samples for correlation analysis with commercial kits. The results showed a high correlation coefficient value (R2) of 0.98, indicating accurate concordance between the developed and commercial kits. In conclusion, our study successfully developed a nanobody-based double antibody sandwich ELISA kit to detect clinical serum CRP. The utilization of nanobodies represents a significant advancement in the field of CRP immunoassay development. The developed kit demonstrates excellent performance characteristics and holds promise for clinical applications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors report no declarations of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Glycosylation plays a pivotal role in the intricate landscape of human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), actively participating in key pathophysiological processes driving tumor progression. Among the various glycosylation modifications, O -linked β- N -acetyl-glucosamine modification ( O -GlcNAcylation) emerges as a dynamic regulator influencing diverse tumor-associated biological activities. In this study, we employed a state-of-the-art chemical proteomic approach to analyze intact glycopeptides, unveiling the critical role of O -GlcNAcylation in orchestrating Keratin 18 (K18) and its interplay with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, specifically isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs), to propel CCA progression. Our findings shed light on the mechanistic intricacies of O -GlcNAcylation, revealing that site-specific modification of K18 on Ser 30 serves as a stabilizing factor, amplifying the expression of cell cycle checkpoints. This molecular event intricately fosters cell cycle progression and augments cellular growth in CCA. Notably, the interaction between O -GlcNAcylated K18 and IDHs orchestrates metabolic reprogramming by down-regulating citrate and isocitrate levels while elevating α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). These metabolic shifts further contribute to the overall tumorigenic potential of CCA. Our study thus expands the current understanding of protein O -GlcNAcylation and introduces a new layer of complexity to post-translational control over metabolism and tumorigenesis., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)

Echinococcus granulosus (Eg) and Echinococcus multilocularis (Em) are the two most widely prevalent types of echinococcosis. Several diagnostic methods have been developed for detecting Eg and Em. However, some limitations, such as being time-consuming, needing expensive instruments, or exhibiting low sensitivity, make these methods unsuitable for on-site detection. In this study, a dual-RPA assay was established to detect and differentiate Eg and Em. The primer concentration ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature of the dual-RPA were optimized. The result showed that the primer concentration ratio of Eg:Em was 400 nM:400 nM, and the best amplification efficiency was obtained by reacting at 38 °C for 20 min. The sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability of the assay were also tested. The assay's detection limit for both Eg and Em was 10 copies/μL. The assay showed reasonable specificity by testing ten parasitic nucleic acids. The assay's intra- and inter-batch coefficients of variation were below 10%, which indicates robust reproducibility of the assay. Finally, to validate the performance of the dual-RPA assay, it was compared with real-time PCR by using 86 clinical nucleic acid samples. The coincidence rate of Eg between dual-RPA and TaqMan real-time PCR was 96.51%, and the coincidence rate of Em between dual-RPA and TaqMan real-time PCR was 98.84%, indicating its potential for accurate clinical diagnosis. Therefore, this study established a rapid and sensitive dual-RPA assay that can rapidly detect and differentiate Eg and Em in one reaction tube and provided a new assay for the detection of echinococcosis in the field., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, contact infectious disease caused by the small ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV), and its morbidity in goats and sheep can be up to 100% with significant mortality. Nanobody generated from camelid animals such as alpaca has attracted wide attention because of its unique advantages compared with conventional antibodies. The main objective of this study was to produce specific nanobodies against SRMV and identify its characteristics. To obtain the coding gene of SRMV-specific nanobodies, we first constructed an immune phage-displayed library from the VHH repertoire of alpaca that was immunized with SRMV-F and -H proteins. By using phage display technology, the target antigen-specific VHHs can be obtained after four consecutive rounds of biopanning. Results showed that the size of this VHH library was 2.26 × 10 10 CFU/mL and the SRMV-F and -H specific phage particles were greatly enriched after four rounds of biopanning. The positive phage clones were selected and sequenced, and total of five independent different sequences of SRMV-specific nanobodies were identified. Subsequently, the DNA fragments of the five nanobodies were cloned into E. coli BL21(DE3), respectively, and three of them were successfully expressed and purified. Specificity and affinity towards inactivated SRMV of these purified nanobodies were then evaluated using the ELISA method. Results demonstrated that NbSRMV-1-1, NbSRMV-2-10, and NbSRMV-1-21 showed no cross-reactivity with other antigens, such as inactivated BTV, inactivated FMDV, His-tag labeled protein, and BSA. The ELISA titer of these three nanobodies against inactivated SRMV was up to 1:1000. However, only NbSRMV-1-21 displayed SRMV neutralizing activity at a maximum dilution of 1:4. The results indicate that the nanobodies against SRMV generated in this study could be useful in future applications. This study provided a novel antibody tool and laid a foundation for the treatment and detection of SRMV., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) is a classical chemical approach to perturb, profile and perceive glycans in physiological systems, but probes upon bioorthogonal reaction require accessibility and the background signal readout makes it challenging to achieve glycan quantification. Here we develop SeMOE, a selenium-based metabolic oligosaccharide engineering strategy that concisely combines elemental analysis and MOE,enabling the mass spectrometric imaging of glycome. We also demonstrate that the new-to-nature SeMOE probes allow for detection, quantitative measurement and visualization of glycans in diverse biological contexts. We also show that chemical reporters on conventional MOE can be integrated into a bifunctional SeMOE probe to provide multimodality signal readouts. SeMOE thus provides a convenient and simplified method to explore the glyco-world., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

The construction of polymer-based mimicry on cell surface to manipulate cell behaviors and functions offers promising prospects in the field of biotechnology and cell therapy. However, precise control of polymer grafting sites is essential to successful implementation of biomimicry and functional modulation, which has been overlooked by most current research. Herein, we report a biological site-selected, in situ controlled radical polymerization platform for living cell surface engineering. The method utilizes metabolic labeling techniques to confine the growth sites of polymers and designs a Fenton-RAFT polymerization technique with cytocompatibility. Polymers grown at different sites (glycans, proteins, lipids) have different membrane retention time and exhibit differential effects on the recognition behaviors of cellular glycans. Of particular importance is the achievement of in situ copolymerization of glycomonomers on the outermost natural glycan sites of cell membrane, building a biomimetic glycocalyx with distinct recognition properties., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Recently, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has shown great potential in advanced manufacturing. However, the rapid melting and re-solidification of the molten pool in LPBF leads to the distortion of parts, especially thin-walled parts. The traditional geometric compensation method, which is used to overcome this problem, is simply based on mapping compensation, with the general effect of distortion reduction. In this study, we used a genetic algorithm (GA) and backpropagation (BP) network to optimize the geometric compensation of Ti6Al4V thin-walled parts fabricated by LPBF. The GA-BP network method can generate free-form thin-walled structures with enhanced geometric freedom for compensation. For the GA-BP network training, an arc thin-walled structure was designed and printed by LBPF and measured via optical scanning measurements. The final distortion of the compensated arc thin-walled part based on GA-BP was reduced by 87.9% compared with PSO-BP and mapping method. The effectiveness of this GA-BP compensation method is further evaluated in an application case using new data points, and the result shows that the final distortion of the oral maxillary stent was reduced by 71%. In summary, the GA-BP-based geometric compensation proposed in this study can better reduce the distortion of thin-walled parts with higher time and cost efficiencies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds prepared by three-dimensional (3D) printing have wide application prospects owing to personalized structural design and excellent biocompatibility. However, the lack of antimicrobial properties limits its widespread use. In this study, a porous ceramic scaffold was fabricated by digital light processing (DLP) method. The multilayer chitosan/alginate composite coatings prepared by layer-by-layer method were applied to scaffolds and Zn 2+ was doped into coatings in the form of ion crosslinking. The chemical composition and morphology of coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis demonstrated that Zn 2+ was uniformly distributed in the coating. Besides, the compressive strength of coated scaffolds (11.52 ± 0.3 MPa) was slightly improved compared with that of bare scaffolds (10.42 ± 0.56 MPa). The result of soaking experiment indicated that coated scaffolds exhibited delayed degradation. In vitr o experiments demonstrated that within the limits of concentration, a higher Zn content in the coating has a stronger capacity to promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Although excessive release of Zn 2+ led to cytotoxicity, it presented a stronger antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli (99.4%) and Staphylococcus aureus (93%)., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright: © 2023 Author(s).)

Contagious ecthyma is a highly contagious viral disease with zoonotic significance caused by orf virus (ORFV) that affects domestic, ruminants and humans. Live attenuated virus and attenuated tissue culture vaccines are widely used in the fight against ORFV, however, the conventional attenuated vaccine strains have many drawbacks. The aim of this project was to construct a promising contagious ecthyma vaccine strain with safety, high protection efficacy and accessibility by genetic manipulation to against the disease. Using a natural ORFV-GS14 strain as the parental virus, recombinant virus, rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF, with double deletions in the genes encoding the chemokine binding protein (CBP) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor inhibitory factor (GIF) was generated and characterized in vitro and in vivo . Results showed that the growth kinetics curve of rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF and parental virus was consistent, both reaching plateau phase at 48 h post infection, which indicated that the double deletion of cbp and gif genes had little impact on the replication properties of the recombinant virus in primary goat testis (PGT) cell cultures compared with the parental virus. The safety of the double gene-deleted virus was evaluated in lambs. The lambs were monitored for 21 days post infection of the recombinant virus and no ORFV associated symptoms were observed in 21 days post-infection except for slight fever and anorexia in 5 days post-infection, and all lambs inoculated with either recombinant virus or PBS exhibited no clinical signs. To assess the protection efficacy of the rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF, groups of four lambs each were inoculated with rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF, rGS14-ΔCBP, rGS14-ΔGIF or PBS and challenged by a wild type virulent ORFV strain that was isolated from proliferative scabby lesions tissues of infected goat at 21-day post-inoculation. During 14 days post-challenging, lambs inoculated with rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF all remained healthy with unimmunized group all infected, while the single gene-deleted viruses only protected 40% to 50% animals. These results indicated that the double gene-deleted recombinant virus could provide complete protection against virulent ORFV challenging. In conclusion, the double gene-deleted recombinant virus strain, rGS14-ΔCBP-ΔGIF, would be a promising candidate vaccine strains with safety, high protection efficacy and availability., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Zhu, Qu, Du, Wang, Chen, Shen, Zhou, Yin and Chen.)

In unicompartmental replacement surgery, there are a wide variety of commercially available unicompartmental prostheses, and the consistency of the contact surface between the common liner and the femoral prosthesis could impact the stress distribution in the knee after replacement in different ways. Medial tibial plateau fracture and liner dislocation are two common forms of failure after unicompartmental replacement. One of the reasons is the mismatch in the mounting position of the unicompartmental prosthesis in the knee joint, which may lead to failure. Therefore, this paper focuses on the influence of the shape of the contact surface between the liner and the femoral prosthesis and the mounting position of the unicompartmental prosthesis on the stress distribution in the knee joint after replacement. Firstly, a finite element model of the normal human knee joint was established, and the validity of the model was verified by both stress and displacement. Secondly, two different shapes of padded knee prosthesis models (type A and type B) were developed to simulate and analyze the stress distribution in the knee joint under single-leg stance with five internal or external rotation mounting positions of the two pads. The results showed that under a 1 kN axial load, the peak contact pressure of the liner, the peak ACL equivalent force, and the peak contact pressure of the lateral meniscus were smaller for type A than for type B. The liner displacement, peak contact pressure of the liner, peak tibial equivalent force, and peak ACL equivalent force were the smallest for type A at 3° of internal rotation in all five internal or external rotation mounting positions. For unicompartmental replacement, it is recommended that the choice of type A or type B liner for prosthetic internal rotation up to 6° should be combined with other factors of the patient for comprehensive analysis. In conclusion, the results of this paper may reduce the risk of liner dislocation and medial tibial plateau fracture after unicompartmental replacement, providing a biomechanical reference for unicompartmental prosthesis design.

Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibacterial drug, and its therapeutic drug monitoring and individualized treatment have been challenged since its approval. With the in-depth clinical research of linezolid, we have changed our attitude toward its therapeutic drug monitoring and our view of individualized treatment. On the basis of summarizing the existing clinical studies, and based on the practical experience of each expert in their respective professional fields, we have formed this expert consensus. Our team of specialists is a multidisciplinary team that includes pharmacotherapists, clinical pharmacology specialists, critical care medicine specialists, respiratory specialists, infectious disease specialists, emergency medicine specialists and more. We are committed to the safe and effective use of linezolid in patients in need, and the promotion of its therapeutic drug monitoring., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Lin, Hu, Xu, Xu, Chen, He, Zhou, Chen, Zhang, Yu, Fang, Zhu, Ji, Lin, Cao, Dai, Lu, Shi, Li, Wang, Li, Fang, Miao, Zhu, Lin, Zhan, Lv, Zhu, Cai, Ying, Chen, Xu, Zhang, Xu, Federico, Jiang and Dai.)

The purpose of this study was to reveal the clinical diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-768-3p in HBV-related HCC and to investigate its effect on the biological function of HCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of miR-768-3p in subjects' serum. The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) evaluated the diagnostic value of miR-768-3p in patients. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between miR-768-3p and clinical data of patients. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis assessed the prognostic value of miR-768-3p in HCC. Finally, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to demonstrate the effect of miR-768-3p on HBV-related HCC function. Serum miR-768-3p was significantly lower in HCC patients than in healthy controls and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. ROC curve suggested that serum miR-768-3p has an important diagnostic value for HBV-related HCC and can significantly differentiate HCC patients from healthy controls, and it can also diagnose HCC patients from CHB patients. Cox analysis confirmed that miR-768-3p was an independent risk factor. Low expression of miR-768-3p was associated with Tumor, Node, Metastasis stage, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Finally, cell function experiments confirmed that high expression of miR-768-3p could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. All experiments confirmed that miR-768-3p can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HBV-related HCC cells, and the low expression of miR-768-3p can be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HBV-related HCC.

Objective: To summarize the research progress of peripheral nerve surgery assisted by Da Vinci robotic system., Methods: The recent domestic and international articles about peripheral nerve surgery assisted by Da Vinci robotic system were reviewed and summarized., Results: Compared with conventional microsurgery, peripheral nerve surgery assisted by Da Vinci robotic system has distinctive advantages, such as elimination of physiological tremors and three-dimensional high-resolution vision. It is possible to perform robot assisted limb nerve surgery using either the traditional brachial plexus approach or the mini-invasive approach., Conclusion: The development of Da Vinci robotic system has revealed new perspectives in peripheral nerve surgery. But it has still been at the initial stage, more basic and clinical researches are still needed.

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of sitagliptin on metabolic parameters as well as the expression levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was established by a combination of a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin. Rats were divided into three groups: normal control group, diabetes group, and diabetes + sitagliptin group. Body weight, glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, fasting insulin (FINS) and serum RBP4 levels were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks of therapy. Western blotting was used to detect the tissue RBP4 and GLUT4 expression levels. After treatment for 6 weeks, the diabetes + sitagliptin group displayed significantly improve levels of blood sugar, blood grease, and insulin sensitizing functions (P < 0.05) than the diabetes group. Sitagliptin markedly down regulated RBP4 expression levels and up-regulated GLUT4 expression levels in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. The results indicate that sitagliptin can modulate the RBP4-GLUT4 system in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Modulation of the RBP4-GLUT4 system may be one of the mechanisms by which sitagliptin ameliorates the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A 56-year-old man suffered from severe diabetic ketoacidosis which was complicated by acute renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. Before admission the patient had had flu-like symptoms for 5 days and had developed polyuria and polydipsia. The clinical examination on admission showed his plasma glucose level was 80.65 mmol/L while the HbA1c was 7.4%. His amylase concentration was high without any signs of pancreatitis. The islet-associated autoantibodies (GAD antibody, islet cell antibody) were absent. These data were compatible with the diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes. A continuous intravenous insulin infusion therapy was given during the acute phase to control hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. This patient remained dependent on continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVHF) for 5 days, followed by regular kidney dialysis for three times, before his renal function was finally recovered. To conclude, this is a rare case of abrupt onset fulminant type 1 diabetes with the onset of acute renal failure. Hence, early detection, quick diagnosis and immediate treatment are very important. In particular, prompt CVVHF and kidney dialysis are required and useful for rescuing the renal function.