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A comparative study of antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice was conducted on six mammalian species. Pancreatic juice collections were conducted as acute (rabbit, guinea pig, rat) and chronic (pig, sheep, cattle) experiments, in the former before and after stimulation [cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin] and in the latter under basal conditions alone. Antibacterial activity was tested on Micrococcus pyogenes and compared with that of neomycin. The samples were tested under normal conditions and after heating and dilution. The pancreatic juice of rat showed no activity against Micrococcus pyogenes. The antibacterial activity of rabbit and guinea pig pancreatic juice under basal conditions was similar within the group but significantly higher than that of pig, sheep and cattle which also did not differ significantly within the group. On stimulation with CCK and secretin, no significant change could be observed in the potency of antimicrobial activity of pancreatic juice in the rabbit and guinea pig. The antibacterial activity remained unchanged after heating to 65 degrees C and upon dilution to 1:10.

On the basis of own material, the authors discuss the epidemiology, clinical picture, and results of treatment of newborns with polycythaemia. An analysis shows that the blood hyperviscosity syndrome is an underestimated cause of many pathological signs in newborns.

Antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice in the pig (n = 8) was investigated during early postnatal development and in cattle (n = 6) receiving a different feeding regimen. For pancreatic juice collection, a catheter was surgically implanted in the pancreatic duct. Reintroduction of pancreatic juice was achieved through a T-shaped cannula in the duodenum. Pancreatic juice was collected for 30 min in all cases. In piglets, collections were carried out at 2, 5-6, and 7-10 wk of age, and in cattle, after a standard meal, 48 h starvation, and following 24 h intraduodenal glucose infusion. Antibacterial activity was tested on Micrococcus Pyogenes strain ATTC 6538P by disc agar diffusion technique using nonactivated pancreatic juice, before and after heat treatment for 15 min at 65 and 100 degrees C, respectively. Piglets showed a significant rise in antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice after weaning. In cattle, 48 h of starvation resulted in a marked suppression of antibacterial activity. This activity was found to be normal after a standard meal and comparable to that after 24-h intraduodenal glucose infusion. Heating of pancreatic juice to 65 degrees C caused a 35% increase in the antibacterial potency, whereas heating to 100 degrees C completely abolished it. Additionally, dilution of pancreatic juice to 1:10 did not affect antibacterial potency.

Modern views on the pathological mechanism, clinical symptoms and therapeutic management of neonatal myasthenia gravis are reviewed on the basis of literature reports and own experiences. Particular attention is given to intensive medical care in this condition.

By employing the rosette technique the peripheral T and B lymphocytes were determined in 24 patients with terminal renal failure treated by diet and 17 subjects treated by program of repeated hemodialysis. The decreased percentage of B-cells was found in both groups of patients in comparison with the control group. The more distinct decrease of B-cells was observed in patients treated by hemodialysis in comparison with undialized patients but the difference was statistically nonsignificant. The degree of immunity disturbance in chronic renal failure does not depend on dialysis but on the duration of the renal insufficiency.

T and B lymphocytes were determined quantitatively in anesthesiologic personnel by the rosette technique. Percentages of T lymphocytes were diminished, while the lymphatic system of the peripheral blood showed signs of stimulation. The drop in percentages of T lymphocytes was greater in physicians compared with anesthesiologic nurses.