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221 results on '"Sherwin, Blake~D."'

202. WISE measurement of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect.

Author

Ferrara, Simone, Sherwin, Blake D., and Spergel, David N.

Subjects
*DARK energy, *COSMIC background radiation, *GRAVITATIONAL potential, *DARK matter, *PLANCK'S constant, *FLUCTUATIONS (Physics)
Abstract

The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect measures the decay of the gravitational potential due to cosmic acceleration and is thus a direct probe of dark energy. In some of the earlier studies, the amplitude of the ISW effect was found to be in tension with the predictions of the standard Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. We measure the cross power of galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer mission with cosmic microwave background temperature data from WMAP9 in order to provide an independent measurement of the ISW amplitude. Cross-correlations with the recently released Planck lensing potential maps are used to calibrate the bias and contamination fraction of the sources, thus avoiding systematic effects that could be present when using autospectra to measure bias. We find an amplitude of the cross power of A = 1.24±0.47 from the galaxies and A = 0.88±0.74 from the AGN, fully consistent with the ΛCDM prediction of A = 1. The ISW measurement signal-to-noise ratio is 2.7 and 1.2 respectively. Comparing the amplitudes of the Galaxy and AGN cross-correlations, which arise from different redshifts, we find no evidence for redshift evolution in dark energy properties, consistent with a cosmological constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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203. Delensing the CMB with the cosmic infrared background: the impact of foregrounds.

Author

Baleato Lizancos, Antón, Challinor, Anthony, Sherwin, Blake D, and Namikawa, Toshiya

Subjects
*COSMIC background radiation, *GRAVITATIONAL lenses, *DUST, *GRAVITATIONAL waves, *STATISTICAL errors, *POWER spectra
Abstract

The most promising avenue for detecting primordial gravitational waves from cosmic inflation is through measurements of degree-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) B -mode polarization. This approach must face the challenge posed by gravitational lensing of the CMB, which obscures the signal of interest. Fortunately, the lensing effects can be partially removed by combining high-resolution E -mode measurements with an estimate of the projected matter distribution. For near-future experiments, the best estimate of the latter will arise from co-adding internal reconstructions (derived from the CMB itself) with external tracers such as the cosmic infrared background (CIB). In this work, we characterize how foregrounds impact the delensing procedure when CIB intensity, I , is used as the matter tracer. We find that higher point functions of the CIB and Galactic dust such as 〈 BEI 〉 c and 〈 EIEI 〉 c can, in principle, bias the power spectrum of delensed B -modes. To quantify these, we first estimate the dust residuals in currently available CIB maps and upcoming, foreground-cleaned Simons Observatory CMB data. Then, using non-Gaussian simulations of Galactic dust – extrapolated to the relevant frequencies, assuming the spectral index of polarized dust emission to be fixed at the value determined by Planck – we show that the bias to any primordial signal is small compared to statistical errors for ground-based experiments, but might be significant for space-based experiments probing very large angular scales. However, mitigation techniques based on multifrequency cleaning appear to be very effective. We also show, by means of an analytical model, that the bias arising from the higher point functions of the CIB itself ought to be negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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204. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: reionization kSZ trispectrum methodology and limits.

Author

MacCrann, Niall, Qu, Frank J, Namikawa, Toshiya, Bolliet, Boris, Cai, Hongbo, Calabrese, Erminia, Choi, Steve K, Coulton, William, Darwish, Omar, Ferraro, Simone, Guan, Yilun, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Kramer, Darby, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Moodley, Kavilan, Sehgal, Neelima, Sherwin, Blake D, and Sifón, Cristóbal

Subjects
*LARGE scale structure (Astronomy), *POWER spectra, *AGE of stars, *MIDDLE Ages, *PHYSICAL cosmology, *COSMIC background radiation
Abstract

Patchy reionization generates kinematic Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (kSZ) anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Large-scale velocity perturbations along the line of sight modulate the small-scale kSZ power spectrum, leading to a trispectrum (or four-point function) in the CMB that depends on the physics of reionization. We investigate the challenges in detecting this trispectrum and use tools developed for CMB lensing, such as realization-dependent bias subtraction and cross-correlation based estimators, to counter uncertainties in the instrumental noise and assumed CMB power spectrum. We also find that both lensing and extragalactic foregrounds can impart larger trispectrum contributions than the reionization kSZ signal. We present a range of mitigation methods for both of these sources of contamination, validated on microwave-sky simulations. We use ACT DR6 and Planck data to calculate an upper limit on the reionization kSZ trispectrum from a measurement dominated by foregrounds. The upper limit is about 50 times the signal predicted from recent simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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205. Messengers from the Early Universe: Cosmic Neutrinos and Other Light Relics

Author

Green, Daniel, Amin, Mustafa A., Meyers, Joel, Wallisch, Benjamin, Abazajian, Kevork N., Abidi, Muntazir, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Armstrong, Robert, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bandura, Kevin, Barron, Darcy, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baumann, Daniel, Bechtol, Keith, Bennett, Charles, Benson, Bradford, Beutler, Florian, Bischoff, Colin, Bleem, Lindsey, Richard Bond, J., Borrill, Julian, Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burgess, Cliff, Carlstrom, John E., Castorina, Emanuele, Challinor, Anthony, Chen, Xingang, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, William, Craig, Nathaniel, Crawford, Thomas, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, D Amico, Guido, Demarteau, Marcel, Doré, Olivier, Yutong, Duan, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Ellison, John, Engelen, Alexander, Escoffier, Stephanie, Essinger-Hileman, Tom, Fabbian, Giulio, Filippini, Jeffrey, Flauger, Raphael, Foreman, Simon, Fuller, George, Garcia, Marcos A. G., García-Bellido, Juan, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Gontcho A Gontcho, Satya, Górski, Krzysztof M., Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Hanany, Shaul, Handley, Will, Colin Hill, J., Hirata, Christopher M., Hložek, Renée, Holder, Gilbert, Horiuchi, Shunsaku, Huterer, Dragan, Kadota, Kenji, Kamionkowski, Marc, Keeley, Ryan E., Khatri, Rishi, Kisner, Theodore, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Knox, Lloyd, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., L Huillier, Benjamin, Lahav, Ofer, Lattanzi, Massimiliano, Lee, Hayden, Liguori, Michele, Lin, Tongyan, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Masui, Kiyoshi, Mcmahon, Jeff, Mcquinn, Matthew, Daniel Meerburg, P., Mirbabayi, Mehrdad, Motloch, Pavel, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Munõz, Julian B., Nagy, Johanna, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nomerotski, Andrei, Page, Lyman, Piacentni, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Stompor, Radek, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rose, Benjamin, Rossi, Graziano, Ruhl, John, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schubnell, Michael, Schutz, Katelin, Sehgal, Neelima, Senatore, Leonardo, Seo, Hee-Jong, Sherwin, Blake D., Simon, Sara, Slosar, Anže, Staggs, Suzanne, Albert Stebbins, Suzuki, Aritoki, Switzer, Eric R., Timbie, Peter, Tristram, Matthieu, Trodden, Mark, Tsai, Yu-Dai, Umiltà, Caterina, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Vargas-Magaña, M., Vieregg, Abigail, Watson, Scott, Weiler, Thomas, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wu, W. L. K., Xu, Weishuang, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Zaldarriaga, Matias, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zuntz, Joe, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), long-lived, gravitation: effect, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), time: reheating, relic density, new physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, photon, gravitational radiation, hep-ph, neutrino: sterile, boundary condition, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, gravitational radiation: emission, axion, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], neutrino: decoupling, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The hot dense environment of the early universe is known to have produced large numbers of baryons, photons, and neutrinos. These extreme conditions may have also produced other long-lived species, including new light particles (such as axions or sterile neutrinos) or gravitational waves. The gravitational effects of any such light relics can be observed through their unique imprint in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the large-scale structure, and the primordial light element abundances, and are important in determining the initial conditions of the universe. We argue that future cosmological observations, in particular improved maps of the CMB on small angular scales, can be orders of magnitude more sensitive for probing the thermal history of the early universe than current experiments. These observations offer a unique and broad discovery space for new physics in the dark sector and beyond, even when its effects would not be visible in terrestrial experiments or in astrophysical environments. A detection of an excess light relic abundance would be a clear indication of new physics and would provide the first direct information about the universe between the times of reheating and neutrino decoupling one second later., 5 pages + references; 1 figure; science white paper submitted to the Astro2020 decadal survey

206. Canonical Hubble-Tension-Resolving Early Dark Energy Cosmologies are Inconsistent with the Lyman-$\alpha$ Forest

Author

Samuel Goldstein, Colin Hill, J., Vid Iršič, and Sherwin, Blake D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Current cosmological data exhibit discordance between indirect and some direct inferences of the present-day expansion rate, $H_0$. Early dark energy (EDE), which briefly increases the cosmic expansion rate prior to recombination, is a leading scenario for resolving this "Hubble tension'' while preserving a good fit to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. However, this comes at the cost of changes in parameters that affect structure formation in the late-time universe, including the spectral index of scalar perturbations, $n_s$. Here, we present the first constraints on axion-like EDE using data from the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest, i.e., absorption lines imprinted in background quasar spectra by neutral hydrogen gas along the line of sight. We consider two independent measurements of the one-dimensional Ly$\alpha$ forest flux power spectrum, from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS eBOSS) and from the MIKE/HIRES and X-Shooter spectrographs. We combine these with a baseline dataset comprised of Planck CMB data and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements. Combining the eBOSS Ly$\alpha$ data with the CMB and BAO dataset reduces the 95\% upper bound on the maximum fractional contribution of EDE to the cosmic energy budget, $f_{\rm EDE}$, from 0.08 to 0.03 and constrains $H_0=67.9_{-0.4}^{+0.4}~{\rm km/s/Mpc}$ (68\% confidence level), with maximum a posteriori value $H_0=67.9~{\rm km/s/Mpc}$. Similar results are obtained for the MIKE/HIRES and X-Shooter Ly$\alpha$ data. Our Ly$\alpha$-based EDE constraints yield $H_0$ values that are in $>4\sigma$ tension with the SH0ES distance-ladder measurement and are driven by the preference of the Ly$\alpha$ forest data for $n_s$ values lower than those required by EDE cosmologies that fit Planck CMB data. Taken at face value, the Ly$\alpha$ forest severely constrains canonical EDE models that could resolve the Hubble tension., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures; supplemental material: 6 pages, 7 figures

207. Astro2020 Science White Paper: Primordial Non-Gaussianity

Author

Daniel Meerburg, P., Daniel Green, Muntazir Abidi, Amin, Mustafa A., Peter Adshead, Zeeshan Ahmed, David Alonso, Behzad Ansarinejad, Robert Armstrong, Santiago Ávila, Carlo Baccigalupi, Tobias Baldauf, Mario Ballardini, Kevin Bandura, Nicola Bartolo, Nicholas Battaglia, Daniel Baumann, Chetan Bavdhankar, José Luis Bernal, Florian Beutler, Matteo Biagetti, Colin Bischoff, Jonathan Blazek, Richard Bond, J., Julian Borrill, Bouchet, François R., Philip Bull, Cliff Burgess, Christian Byrnes, Erminia Calabrese, Carlstrom, John E., Emanuele Castorina, Anthony Challinor, Tzu-Ching Chang, Jonas Chaves-Montero, Xingang Chen, Christophe Yeche, Asantha Cooray, William Coulton, Thomas Crawford, Elisa Chisari, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Amico, Guido D., Paolo de Bernardis, Axel de la Macorra, Olivier Dore, Adri Duivenvoorden, Joanna Dunkley, Cora Dvorkin, Alexander Eggemeier, Stephanie Escoffier, Tom Essinger-Hileman, Matteo Fasiello, Simone Ferraro, Raphael Flauger, Andreu Font-Ribera, Simon Foreman, Oliver Friedrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Martina Gerbino, Vera Gluscevic, Garrett Goon, Gorski, Krzysztof M., Gudmundsson, Jon E., Nikhel Gupta, Shaul Hanany, Will Handley, Hawken, Adam J., Colin Hill, J., Hirata, Christopher M., Renée Hložek, Gilbert Holder, Dragan Huterer, Marc Kamionkowski, Karkare, Kirit S., Keeley, Ryan E., William Kinney, Theodore Kisner, Jean-Paul Kneib, Lloyd Knox, Koushiappas, Savvas M., Kovetz, Ely D., Kazuya Koyama, Huillier, Benjamin L., Ofer Lahav, Massimiliano Lattanzi, Hayden Lee, Michele Liguori, Marilena Loverde, Mathew Madhavacheril, Juan Maldacena, David Marsh, M. C., Kiyoshi Masui, Sabino Matarrese, Liam Mcallister, Jeff Mcmahon, Matthew Mcquinn, Joel Meyers, Mehrdad Mirbabayi, Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah, Pavel Motloch, Suvodip Mukherjee, Muñoz, Julian B., Myers, Adam D., Johanna Nagy, Pavel Naselsky, Federico Nati, Alberto Nicolis, Niemack, Michael D., Gustavo Niz, Andrei Nomerotski, Lyman Page, Enrico Pajer, Hamsa Padmanabhan, Palma, Gonzalo A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Percival, Will J., Francesco Piacentni, Pimentel, Guilherme L., Levon Pogosian, Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, Clement Pryke, Giuseppe Puglisi, Benjamin Racine, Radek Stompor, Marco Raveri, Mathieu Remazeilles, Gracca Rocha, Ross, Ashley J., Graziano Rossi, John Ruhl, Misao Sasaki, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Marcel Schmittfull, Neelima Sehgal, Leonardo Senatore, Hee-Jong Seo, Huanyuan Shan, Sarah Shandera, Sherwin, Blake D., Eva Silverstein, Sara Simon, Anže Slosar, Suzanne Staggs, Glenn Starkman, Albert Stebbins, Aritoki Suzuki, Switzer, Eric R., Peter Timbie, Tolley, Andrew J., Maurizio Tomasi, Matthieu Tristram, Mark Trodden, Yu-Dai Tsai, Cora Uhlemann, Caterina Umiltà, Alexander van Engelen, Vargas-Magaña, M., Abigail Vieregg, Benjamin Wallisch, David Wands, Benjamin Wandelt, Yi Wang, Scott Watson, Mark Wise, Wu, W. L. K., Zhong-Zhi Xianyu, Weishuang Xu, Siavash Yasini, Sam Young, Duan Yutong, Matias Zaldarriaga, Michael Zemcov, Gong-Bo Zhao, Yi Zheng, and Ningfeng Zhu

208. CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper

Author

Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme, Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bailey, Kathy, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Baxter, Eric, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Berger, Edo, Bhimani, Sanah, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly, Bonato, Matteo, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Burkhart, Blakesley, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Haan, Tijmen, Zotti, Gianfranco, Delabrouille, Jacques, Demarteau, Marcel, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adriaan, Dvorkin, Cora, Edwards, William, Eimer, Joseph, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gilchriese, Murdock, Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guarino, Victor, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Habib, Salman, Haller, Gunther, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Huffer, Michael, Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Johnson, Bradley R., Johnstone, Doug, Jones, William C., Karkare, Kirit, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kerby, James, Kernovsky, Sarah, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kurita, Nadine, Kusaka, Akito, Lahteenmaki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, Mcmahon, Jeff, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Negrello, Mattia, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nordby, Martin, Novosad, Valentine, O Connor, Paul, Obied, Georges, Padin, Stephen, P, Ey, Shivam, Partridge, Bruce, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Rahlin, Alex, Rajagopalan, Srini, Raveri, Marco, Reichanadter, Mark, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John, Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Aless, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Era, Sarah, Sheehy, Christopher, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Somerville, Rachel, Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Stompor, Radek, Story, Kyle T., Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Treu, Jesse I., Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, Engelen, Alex, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Vogelsberger, Mark, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, White, Martin, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yasini, Siavash, Yeck, James, Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Zonca, Andrea, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

We provide an overview of the science case, instrument configuration and project plan for the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4, for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey., Comment: Project White Paper submitted to the 2020 Decadal Survey, 10 pages plus references. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473

209. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Peter Adshead, Zeeshan Ahmed, Allen, Steven W., David Alonso, Arnold, Kam S., Carlo Baccigalupi, Bartlett, James G., Nicholas Battaglia, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Julian Borrill, Victor Buza, Erminia Calabrese, Robert Caldwell, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Francesco De Bernardis, Tijmen de Haan, Sperello di Serego Alighieri, Joanna Dunkley, Cora Dvorkin, Josquin Errard, Giulio Fabbian, Stephen Feeney, Simone Ferraro, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Raphael Flauger, Fuller, George M., Vera Gluscevic, Daniel Green, Daniel Grin, Evan Grohs, Henning, Jason W., Colin Hill, J., Renee Hlozek, Gilbert Holder, William Holzapfel, Wayne Hu, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Reijo Keskitalo, Lloyd Knox, Arthur Kosowsky, John Kovac, Kovetz, Ely D., Chao-Lin Kuo, Akito Kusaka, Maude Le Jeune, Lee, Adrian T., Marc Lilley, Marilena Loverde, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Adam Mantz, Marsh, David J. E., Jeffrey McMahon, Pieter Meerburg, Joel Meyers, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Ho Nam Nguyen, Niemack, Michael D., Marco Peloso, Julien Peloton, Levon Pogosian, Clement Pryke, Marco Raveri, Reichardt, Christian L., Graca Rocha, Aditya Rotti, Emmanuel Schaan, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Douglas Scott, Neelima Sehgal, Sarah Shandera, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Lorenzo Sorbo, Starkman, Glenn D., Story, Kyle T., Alexander van Engelen, Vieira, Joaquin D., Scott Watson, Nathan Whitehorn, and Kimmy Wu, W. L.

Subjects
Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, QB
Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

210. The Herschel-SPIRE Legacy Survey (HSLS): the scientific goals of a shallow and wide submillimeter imaging survey with SPIRE

Author

Cooray, Asantha, Eales, Steve, Chapman, Scott, Clements, David L., Dore, Olivier, Farrah, Duncan, Jarvis, Matt J., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Negrello, Mattia, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Peiris, Hiranya, Pope, Alexandra, Santos, Mario G., Serjeant, Stephen, Thompson, Mark, White, Glenn, Amblard, Alexandre, Banerji, Manda, Corasaniti, Pier-Stefano, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzalez, Joaquin, Khostovan, Ali Ahmad, Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron, Serra, Paolo, Song, Yong-Seon, Vieira, Joaquin, Wang, Lingyu, Zemcov, Michael, Abdalla, Filipe, Afonso, Jose, Aghanim, Nabila, Andreani, Paola, Aretxaga, Itziar, Auld, Robbie, Baes, Maarten, Baker, Andrew, Barkats, Denis, Belen Barreiro, R., Bartolo, Nicola, Barton, Elizabeth, Barway, Sudhanshu, Stefano Battistelli, Elia, Baugh, Carlton, Beelen, Alexander, Benabed, Karim, Blain, Andrew, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bock, James~J., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Borys, Colin, Boselli, Alessandro, Bouchet, Francois R., Bridge, Carrie, Brighenti, Fabrizio, Buat, Veronique, Buote, David, Burgarella, Denis, Bussmann, Robert, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Carlberg, Raymond, Sofia Carvalho, Carla, Casey, Caitlin, Cava, Antonio, Cepa, Jordi, Chapin, Edward, Chary, Ranga Ram, Chen, Xuelei, Colafrancesco, Sergio, Cole, Shaun, Coles, Peter, Conley, Alexander, Conversi, Luca, Cooke, Jeff, Crawford, Steven, Cress, Catherine, da Cunha, Elisabete, Dalton, Gavin, Danese, Luigi, Dannerbauer, Helmut, Davies, Jonathan, de Bernardis, Paolo, de Putter, Roland, Devlin, Mark, Diego, Jose M., Dole, Herve, Douspis, Marian, Dunkley, Joanna, Dunlop, James, Dunne, Loretta, Dunner, Rolando, Dye, Simon, Efstathiou, George, Egami, Eiichi, Fang, Taotao, Ferrero, Patrizia, Franceschini, Alberto, Frazer, Christopher C., Frayer, David, Frenk, Carlos, Ganga, Ken, Gavazzi, Raphael, Glenn, Jason, Gong, Yan, Gonzalez-Solares, Eduardo, Griffin, Matt, Guo, Qi, Gurwell, Mark, Hajian, Amir, Halpern, Mark, Hanson, Duncan, Hardcastle, Martin, Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia, Heavens, Alan, Heinis, Sebastien, Herranz, Diego, Hilton, Matt, Ho, Shirley, Holwerda, Benne W., Hopwood, Rosalind, Horner, Jonathan, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, David H., Hughes, John P., Ibar, Edo, Ivison, Rob, Jackson, Neal, Jaffe, Andrew, Jenness, Timothy, Joncas, Gilles, Joudaki, Shahab, Kaviraj, Sugata, Kim, Sam, King, Lindsay, Kisner, Theodore, Knapen, Johan, Kniazev, Alexei, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Koopmans, Leon, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lacey, Cedric, Lahav, Ofer, Lasenby, Anthony N., Lawrence, Andy, Lee, Myung Gyoon, Leeuw, Lerothodi L., Levenson, Louis R., Lewis, Geraint, Loaring, Nicola, Lopez-Caniego, Marcos, Maddox, Steve, Marriage, Tobias, Marsden, Gaelen, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matarrese, Sabino, Mathews, William G., Matsuura, Shuji, McMahon, Richard, Mellier, Yannick, Menanteau, Felipe, Michalowski, Michal~J., Millea, Marius, Mobasher, Bahram, Mohanty, Subhanjoy, Montier, Ludovic, Moodley, Kavilan, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Mortier, Angela, Munshi, Dipak, Murphy, Eric, Nandra, Kirpal, Natoli, Paolo, Nguyen, Hien, Oliver, Seb, Omont, Alain, Page, Lyman, Page, Mathew, Paladini, Roberta, Pandolfi, Stefania, Pascale, Enzo, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peacock, John, Pearson, Chris, Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Gonz, Pablo G., Piacentini, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pohlen, Michael, Pointecouteau, Etienne, Polenta, Gianluca, Rawlings, Jason, Reese, Erik~D., Rigby, Emma, Rodighiero, Giulia, Romero-Colmenero, Encarni, Roseboom, Isaac, Rowan-Robinson, Michael, Sanchez-Portal, Miguel, Schmidt, Fabian, Schneider, Michael, Schulz, Bernhard, Scott, Douglas, Sedgwick, Chris, Sehgal, Neelima, Seymour, Nick, Sherwin, Blake~D., Short, Jo, Shupe, David, Sievers, Jonathan, Skibba, Ramin, Smidt, Joseph, Smith, Anthony, Smith, Daniel J. B., Smith, Matthew W. L., Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Stevens, Jason, Switzer, Eric, Takagi, Toshinobu, Takeuchi, Tsutomu, Temi, Pasquale, Trichas, Markos, Trigilio, Corrado, Tugwell, Katherine, Umana, Grazia, Vacca, William, Vaccari, Mattia, Vaisanen, Petri, Valtchanov, Ivan, van der Heyden, Kurt, van der Werf, Paul P., van Kampen, Eelco, van Waerbeke, Ludovic, Vegetti, Simona, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Verma, Aprajita, Vielva, Patricio, Viero, Marco P., Vila Vilaro, Baltasar, Wardlow, Julie, Wilson, Grant, Wright, Edward L., Xu, C. Kevin, Yun, Min S., Cooray, Asantha, Eales, Steve, Chapman, Scott, Clements, David L., Dore, Olivier, Farrah, Duncan, Jarvis, Matt J., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Negrello, Mattia, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Peiris, Hiranya, Pope, Alexandra, Santos, Mario G., Serjeant, Stephen, Thompson, Mark, White, Glenn, Amblard, Alexandre, Banerji, Manda, Corasaniti, Pier-Stefano, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzalez, Joaquin, Khostovan, Ali Ahmad, Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron, Serra, Paolo, Song, Yong-Seon, Vieira, Joaquin, Wang, Lingyu, Zemcov, Michael, Abdalla, Filipe, Afonso, Jose, Aghanim, Nabila, Andreani, Paola, Aretxaga, Itziar, Auld, Robbie, Baes, Maarten, Baker, Andrew, Barkats, Denis, Belen Barreiro, R., Bartolo, Nicola, Barton, Elizabeth, Barway, Sudhanshu, Stefano Battistelli, Elia, Baugh, Carlton, Beelen, Alexander, Benabed, Karim, Blain, Andrew, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bock, James~J., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Borys, Colin, Boselli, Alessandro, Bouchet, Francois R., Bridge, Carrie, Brighenti, Fabrizio, Buat, Veronique, Buote, David, Burgarella, Denis, Bussmann, Robert, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Carlberg, Raymond, Sofia Carvalho, Carla, Casey, Caitlin, Cava, Antonio, Cepa, Jordi, Chapin, Edward, Chary, Ranga Ram, Chen, Xuelei, Colafrancesco, Sergio, Cole, Shaun, Coles, Peter, Conley, Alexander, Conversi, Luca, Cooke, Jeff, Crawford, Steven, Cress, Catherine, da Cunha, Elisabete, Dalton, Gavin, Danese, Luigi, Dannerbauer, Helmut, Davies, Jonathan, de Bernardis, Paolo, de Putter, Roland, Devlin, Mark, Diego, Jose M., Dole, Herve, Douspis, Marian, Dunkley, Joanna, Dunlop, James, Dunne, Loretta, Dunner, Rolando, Dye, Simon, Efstathiou, George, Egami, Eiichi, Fang, Taotao, Ferrero, Patrizia, Franceschini, Alberto, Frazer, Christopher C., Frayer, David, Frenk, Carlos, Ganga, Ken, Gavazzi, Raphael, Glenn, Jason, Gong, Yan, Gonzalez-Solares, Eduardo, Griffin, Matt, Guo, Qi, Gurwell, Mark, Hajian, Amir, Halpern, Mark, Hanson, Duncan, Hardcastle, Martin, Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia, Heavens, Alan, Heinis, Sebastien, Herranz, Diego, Hilton, Matt, Ho, Shirley, Holwerda, Benne W., Hopwood, Rosalind, Horner, Jonathan, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, David H., Hughes, John P., Ibar, Edo, Ivison, Rob, Jackson, Neal, Jaffe, Andrew, Jenness, Timothy, Joncas, Gilles, Joudaki, Shahab, Kaviraj, Sugata, Kim, Sam, King, Lindsay, Kisner, Theodore, Knapen, Johan, Kniazev, Alexei, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Koopmans, Leon, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lacey, Cedric, Lahav, Ofer, Lasenby, Anthony N., Lawrence, Andy, Lee, Myung Gyoon, Leeuw, Lerothodi L., Levenson, Louis R., Lewis, Geraint, Loaring, Nicola, Lopez-Caniego, Marcos, Maddox, Steve, Marriage, Tobias, Marsden, Gaelen, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matarrese, Sabino, Mathews, William G., Matsuura, Shuji, McMahon, Richard, Mellier, Yannick, Menanteau, Felipe, Michalowski, Michal~J., Millea, Marius, Mobasher, Bahram, Mohanty, Subhanjoy, Montier, Ludovic, Moodley, Kavilan, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Mortier, Angela, Munshi, Dipak, Murphy, Eric, Nandra, Kirpal, Natoli, Paolo, Nguyen, Hien, Oliver, Seb, Omont, Alain, Page, Lyman, Page, Mathew, Paladini, Roberta, Pandolfi, Stefania, Pascale, Enzo, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peacock, John, Pearson, Chris, Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Gonz, Pablo G., Piacentini, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pohlen, Michael, Pointecouteau, Etienne, Polenta, Gianluca, Rawlings, Jason, Reese, Erik~D., Rigby, Emma, Rodighiero, Giulia, Romero-Colmenero, Encarni, Roseboom, Isaac, Rowan-Robinson, Michael, Sanchez-Portal, Miguel, Schmidt, Fabian, Schneider, Michael, Schulz, Bernhard, Scott, Douglas, Sedgwick, Chris, Sehgal, Neelima, Seymour, Nick, Sherwin, Blake~D., Short, Jo, Shupe, David, Sievers, Jonathan, Skibba, Ramin, Smidt, Joseph, Smith, Anthony, Smith, Daniel J. B., Smith, Matthew W. L., Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Stevens, Jason, Switzer, Eric, Takagi, Toshinobu, Takeuchi, Tsutomu, Temi, Pasquale, Trichas, Markos, Trigilio, Corrado, Tugwell, Katherine, Umana, Grazia, Vacca, William, Vaccari, Mattia, Vaisanen, Petri, Valtchanov, Ivan, van der Heyden, Kurt, van der Werf, Paul P., van Kampen, Eelco, van Waerbeke, Ludovic, Vegetti, Simona, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Verma, Aprajita, Vielva, Patricio, Viero, Marco P., Vila Vilaro, Baltasar, Wardlow, Julie, Wilson, Grant, Wright, Edward L., Xu, C. Kevin, and Yun, Min S.

Abstract

A large sub-mm survey with Herschel will enable many exciting science opportunities, especially in an era of wide-field optical and radio surveys and high resolution cosmic microwave background experiments. The Herschel-SPIRE Legacy Survey (HSLS), will lead to imaging data over 4000 sq. degrees at 250, 350, and 500 micron. Major Goals of HSLS are: (a) produce a catalog of 2.5 to 3 million galaxies down to 26, 27 and 33 mJy (50% completeness; 5 sigma confusion noise) at 250, 350 and 500 micron, respectively, in the southern hemisphere (3000 sq. degrees) and in an equatorial strip (1000 sq. degrees), areas which have extensive multi-wavelength coverage and are easily accessible from ALMA. Two thirds of the of the sources are expected to be at z > 1, one third at z > 2 and about a 1000 at z > 5. (b) Remove point source confusion in secondary anisotropy studies with Planck and ground-based CMB data. (c) Find at least 1200 strongly lensed bright sub-mm sources leading to a 2% test of general relativity. (d) Identify 200 proto-cluster regions at z of 2 and perform an unbiased study of the environmental dependence of star formation. (e) Perform an unbiased survey for star formation and dust at high Galactic latitude and make a census of debris disks and dust around AGB stars and white dwarfs.

211. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, Kimmy Wu, W.L., Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, and Kimmy Wu, W.L.

Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

212. CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition

Author

Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, Kimmy Wu, W.L., Abazajian, Kevork N., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Arnold, Kam S., Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bartlett, James G., Battaglia, Nicholas, Benson, Bradford A., Bischoff, Colin A., Borrill, Julian, Buza, Victor, Calabrese, Erminia, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Thomas M., Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, De Bernardis, Francesco, De Haan,, Tijmen, Sperello di, Serego Alighieri, Dunkley, Joanna, Dvorkin, Cora, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Fuller, George M., Gluscevic, Vera, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Henning, Jason W., Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renee, Holder, Gilbert, Holzapfel, William, Hu, Wayne, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Keskitalo, Reijo, Knox, Lloyd, Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Lilley, Marc, Loverde, Marilena, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marsh, David J. E., McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, Pieter Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber D., Munoz, Julian B., Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael D., Peloso, Marco, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clement, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Rocha, Graca, Rotti, Aditya, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Smith, Tristan L., Sorbo, Lorenzo, Starkman,, Glenn D., Story,, Kyle T., van Engelen,, Alexander, Vieira,, Joaquin D., Watson, Scott, Whitehorn,, Nathan, and Kimmy Wu, W.L.

Abstract

This book lays out the scientific goals to be addressed by the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, CMB-S4, envisioned to consist of dedicated telescopes at the South Pole, the high Chilean Atacama plateau and possibly a northern hemisphere site, all equipped with new superconducting cameras. CMB-S4 will dramatically advance cosmological studies by crossing critical thresholds in the search for the B-mode polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves, in the determination of the number and masses of the neutrinos, in the search for evidence of new light relics, in constraining the nature of dark energy, and in testing general relativity on large scales.

213. The Herschel-SPIRE Legacy Survey (HSLS): the scientific goals of a shallow and wide submillimeter imaging survey with SPIRE

Author

Cooray, Asantha, Eales, Steve, Chapman, Scott, Clements, David L., Dore, Olivier, Farrah, Duncan, Jarvis, Matt J., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Negrello, Mattia, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Peiris, Hiranya, Pope, Alexandra, Santos, Mario G., Serjeant, Stephen, Thompson, Mark, White, Glenn, Amblard, Alexandre, Banerji, Manda, Corasaniti, Pier-Stefano, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzalez, Joaquin, Khostovan, Ali Ahmad, Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron, Serra, Paolo, Song, Yong-Seon, Vieira, Joaquin, Wang, Lingyu, Zemcov, Michael, Abdalla, Filipe, Afonso, Jose, Aghanim, Nabila, Andreani, Paola, Aretxaga, Itziar, Auld, Robbie, Baes, Maarten, Baker, Andrew, Barkats, Denis, Belen Barreiro, R., Bartolo, Nicola, Barton, Elizabeth, Barway, Sudhanshu, Stefano Battistelli, Elia, Baugh, Carlton, Beelen, Alexander, Benabed, Karim, Blain, Andrew, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bock, James~J., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Borys, Colin, Boselli, Alessandro, Bouchet, Francois R., Bridge, Carrie, Brighenti, Fabrizio, Buat, Veronique, Buote, David, Burgarella, Denis, Bussmann, Robert, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Carlberg, Raymond, Sofia Carvalho, Carla, Casey, Caitlin, Cava, Antonio, Cepa, Jordi, Chapin, Edward, Chary, Ranga Ram, Chen, Xuelei, Colafrancesco, Sergio, Cole, Shaun, Coles, Peter, Conley, Alexander, Conversi, Luca, Cooke, Jeff, Crawford, Steven, Cress, Catherine, da Cunha, Elisabete, Dalton, Gavin, Danese, Luigi, Dannerbauer, Helmut, Davies, Jonathan, de Bernardis, Paolo, de Putter, Roland, Devlin, Mark, Diego, Jose M., Dole, Herve, Douspis, Marian, Dunkley, Joanna, Dunlop, James, Dunne, Loretta, Dunner, Rolando, Dye, Simon, Efstathiou, George, Egami, Eiichi, Fang, Taotao, Ferrero, Patrizia, Franceschini, Alberto, Frazer, Christopher C., Frayer, David, Frenk, Carlos, Ganga, Ken, Gavazzi, Raphael, Glenn, Jason, Gong, Yan, Gonzalez-Solares, Eduardo, Griffin, Matt, Guo, Qi, Gurwell, Mark, Hajian, Amir, Halpern, Mark, Hanson, Duncan, Hardcastle, Martin, Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia, Heavens, Alan, Heinis, Sebastien, Herranz, Diego, Hilton, Matt, Ho, Shirley, Holwerda, Benne W., Hopwood, Rosalind, Horner, Jonathan, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, David H., Hughes, John P., Ibar, Edo, Ivison, Rob, Jackson, Neal, Jaffe, Andrew, Jenness, Timothy, Joncas, Gilles, Joudaki, Shahab, Kaviraj, Sugata, Kim, Sam, King, Lindsay, Kisner, Theodore, Knapen, Johan, Kniazev, Alexei, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Koopmans, Leon, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lacey, Cedric, Lahav, Ofer, Lasenby, Anthony N., Lawrence, Andy, Lee, Myung Gyoon, Leeuw, Lerothodi L., Levenson, Louis R., Lewis, Geraint, Loaring, Nicola, Lopez-Caniego, Marcos, Maddox, Steve, Marriage, Tobias, Marsden, Gaelen, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matarrese, Sabino, Mathews, William G., Matsuura, Shuji, McMahon, Richard, Mellier, Yannick, Menanteau, Felipe, Michalowski, Michal~J., Millea, Marius, Mobasher, Bahram, Mohanty, Subhanjoy, Montier, Ludovic, Moodley, Kavilan, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Mortier, Angela, Munshi, Dipak, Murphy, Eric, Nandra, Kirpal, Natoli, Paolo, Nguyen, Hien, Oliver, Seb, Omont, Alain, Page, Lyman, Page, Mathew, Paladini, Roberta, Pandolfi, Stefania, Pascale, Enzo, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peacock, John, Pearson, Chris, Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Gonz, Pablo G., Piacentini, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pohlen, Michael, Pointecouteau, Etienne, Polenta, Gianluca, Rawlings, Jason, Reese, Erik~D., Rigby, Emma, Rodighiero, Giulia, Romero-Colmenero, Encarni, Roseboom, Isaac, Rowan-Robinson, Michael, Sanchez-Portal, Miguel, Schmidt, Fabian, Schneider, Michael, Schulz, Bernhard, Scott, Douglas, Sedgwick, Chris, Sehgal, Neelima, Seymour, Nick, Sherwin, Blake~D., Short, Jo, Shupe, David, Sievers, Jonathan, Skibba, Ramin, Smidt, Joseph, Smith, Anthony, Smith, Daniel J. B., Smith, Matthew W. L., Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Stevens, Jason, Switzer, Eric, Takagi, Toshinobu, Takeuchi, Tsutomu, Temi, Pasquale, Trichas, Markos, Trigilio, Corrado, Tugwell, Katherine, Umana, Grazia, Vacca, William, Vaccari, Mattia, Vaisanen, Petri, Valtchanov, Ivan, van der Heyden, Kurt, van der Werf, Paul P., van Kampen, Eelco, van Waerbeke, Ludovic, Vegetti, Simona, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Verma, Aprajita, Vielva, Patricio, Viero, Marco P., Vila Vilaro, Baltasar, Wardlow, Julie, Wilson, Grant, Wright, Edward L., Xu, C. Kevin, Yun, Min S., Cooray, Asantha, Eales, Steve, Chapman, Scott, Clements, David L., Dore, Olivier, Farrah, Duncan, Jarvis, Matt J., Kaplinghat, Manoj, Negrello, Mattia, Melchiorri, Alessandro, Peiris, Hiranya, Pope, Alexandra, Santos, Mario G., Serjeant, Stephen, Thompson, Mark, White, Glenn, Amblard, Alexandre, Banerji, Manda, Corasaniti, Pier-Stefano, Das, Sudeep, de Bernardis, Francesco, de Zotti, Gianfranco, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzalez, Joaquin, Khostovan, Ali Ahmad, Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron, Serra, Paolo, Song, Yong-Seon, Vieira, Joaquin, Wang, Lingyu, Zemcov, Michael, Abdalla, Filipe, Afonso, Jose, Aghanim, Nabila, Andreani, Paola, Aretxaga, Itziar, Auld, Robbie, Baes, Maarten, Baker, Andrew, Barkats, Denis, Belen Barreiro, R., Bartolo, Nicola, Barton, Elizabeth, Barway, Sudhanshu, Stefano Battistelli, Elia, Baugh, Carlton, Beelen, Alexander, Benabed, Karim, Blain, Andrew, Bland-Hawthorn, Joss, Bock, James~J., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Borys, Colin, Boselli, Alessandro, Bouchet, Francois R., Bridge, Carrie, Brighenti, Fabrizio, Buat, Veronique, Buote, David, Burgarella, Denis, Bussmann, Robert, Calabrese, Erminia, Cantalupo, Christopher, Carlberg, Raymond, Sofia Carvalho, Carla, Casey, Caitlin, Cava, Antonio, Cepa, Jordi, Chapin, Edward, Chary, Ranga Ram, Chen, Xuelei, Colafrancesco, Sergio, Cole, Shaun, Coles, Peter, Conley, Alexander, Conversi, Luca, Cooke, Jeff, Crawford, Steven, Cress, Catherine, da Cunha, Elisabete, Dalton, Gavin, Danese, Luigi, Dannerbauer, Helmut, Davies, Jonathan, de Bernardis, Paolo, de Putter, Roland, Devlin, Mark, Diego, Jose M., Dole, Herve, Douspis, Marian, Dunkley, Joanna, Dunlop, James, Dunne, Loretta, Dunner, Rolando, Dye, Simon, Efstathiou, George, Egami, Eiichi, Fang, Taotao, Ferrero, Patrizia, Franceschini, Alberto, Frazer, Christopher C., Frayer, David, Frenk, Carlos, Ganga, Ken, Gavazzi, Raphael, Glenn, Jason, Gong, Yan, Gonzalez-Solares, Eduardo, Griffin, Matt, Guo, Qi, Gurwell, Mark, Hajian, Amir, Halpern, Mark, Hanson, Duncan, Hardcastle, Martin, Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia, Heavens, Alan, Heinis, Sebastien, Herranz, Diego, Hilton, Matt, Ho, Shirley, Holwerda, Benne W., Hopwood, Rosalind, Horner, Jonathan, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, David H., Hughes, John P., Ibar, Edo, Ivison, Rob, Jackson, Neal, Jaffe, Andrew, Jenness, Timothy, Joncas, Gilles, Joudaki, Shahab, Kaviraj, Sugata, Kim, Sam, King, Lindsay, Kisner, Theodore, Knapen, Johan, Kniazev, Alexei, Komatsu, Eiichiro, Koopmans, Leon, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lacey, Cedric, Lahav, Ofer, Lasenby, Anthony N., Lawrence, Andy, Lee, Myung Gyoon, Leeuw, Lerothodi L., Levenson, Louis R., Lewis, Geraint, Loaring, Nicola, Lopez-Caniego, Marcos, Maddox, Steve, Marriage, Tobias, Marsden, Gaelen, Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique, Masi, Silvia, Matarrese, Sabino, Mathews, William G., Matsuura, Shuji, McMahon, Richard, Mellier, Yannick, Menanteau, Felipe, Michalowski, Michal~J., Millea, Marius, Mobasher, Bahram, Mohanty, Subhanjoy, Montier, Ludovic, Moodley, Kavilan, Moriarty-Schieven, Gerald H., Mortier, Angela, Munshi, Dipak, Murphy, Eric, Nandra, Kirpal, Natoli, Paolo, Nguyen, Hien, Oliver, Seb, Omont, Alain, Page, Lyman, Page, Mathew, Paladini, Roberta, Pandolfi, Stefania, Pascale, Enzo, Patanchon, Guillaume, Peacock, John, Pearson, Chris, Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Gonz, Pablo G., Piacentini, Francesco, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pohlen, Michael, Pointecouteau, Etienne, Polenta, Gianluca, Rawlings, Jason, Reese, Erik~D., Rigby, Emma, Rodighiero, Giulia, Romero-Colmenero, Encarni, Roseboom, Isaac, Rowan-Robinson, Michael, Sanchez-Portal, Miguel, Schmidt, Fabian, Schneider, Michael, Schulz, Bernhard, Scott, Douglas, Sedgwick, Chris, Sehgal, Neelima, Seymour, Nick, Sherwin, Blake~D., Short, Jo, Shupe, David, Sievers, Jonathan, Skibba, Ramin, Smidt, Joseph, Smith, Anthony, Smith, Daniel J. B., Smith, Matthew W. L., Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Stevens, Jason, Switzer, Eric, Takagi, Toshinobu, Takeuchi, Tsutomu, Temi, Pasquale, Trichas, Markos, Trigilio, Corrado, Tugwell, Katherine, Umana, Grazia, Vacca, William, Vaccari, Mattia, Vaisanen, Petri, Valtchanov, Ivan, van der Heyden, Kurt, van der Werf, Paul P., van Kampen, Eelco, van Waerbeke, Ludovic, Vegetti, Simona, Veneziani, Marcella, Verde, Licia, Verma, Aprajita, Vielva, Patricio, Viero, Marco P., Vila Vilaro, Baltasar, Wardlow, Julie, Wilson, Grant, Wright, Edward L., Xu, C. Kevin, and Yun, Min S.

Abstract

A large sub-mm survey with Herschel will enable many exciting science opportunities, especially in an era of wide-field optical and radio surveys and high resolution cosmic microwave background experiments. The Herschel-SPIRE Legacy Survey (HSLS), will lead to imaging data over 4000 sq. degrees at 250, 350, and 500 micron. Major Goals of HSLS are: (a) produce a catalog of 2.5 to 3 million galaxies down to 26, 27 and 33 mJy (50% completeness; 5 sigma confusion noise) at 250, 350 and 500 micron, respectively, in the southern hemisphere (3000 sq. degrees) and in an equatorial strip (1000 sq. degrees), areas which have extensive multi-wavelength coverage and are easily accessible from ALMA. Two thirds of the of the sources are expected to be at z > 1, one third at z > 2 and about a 1000 at z > 5. (b) Remove point source confusion in secondary anisotropy studies with Planck and ground-based CMB data. (c) Find at least 1200 strongly lensed bright sub-mm sources leading to a 2% test of general relativity. (d) Identify 200 proto-cluster regions at z of 2 and perform an unbiased study of the environmental dependence of star formation. (e) Perform an unbiased survey for star formation and dust at high Galactic latitude and make a census of debris disks and dust around AGB stars and white dwarfs.

214. Constraining reionization with the first measurement of the cross-correlation between the CMB optical-depth fluctuations and the Compton y-map.

Author

Toshiya Namikawa, Roy, Anirban, Sherwin, Blake D., Battaglia, Nicholas, and Spergel, David N.

Subjects
*COSMIC background radiation, *ELECTRON density, *ELECTRONIC probes, *POWER spectra, *SIGNAL-to-noise ratio, *AUGER effect, *ELECTRON distribution
Abstract

We propose a new reionization probe that uses cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations; the cross-correlation between fluctuations in the CMB optical depth which probes the integrated electron density, δτ, and the Compton y-map which probes the integrated electron pressure. This cross-correlation is much less contaminated than the y-map power spectrum by late-time cluster contributions. In addition, this cross-correlation can constrain the temperature of ionized bubbles while the optical-depth fluctuations and kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dvich effect can not. We measure this new observable using a Planck y-map as well as a map of optical-depth fluctuations that we reconstruct from Planck CMB temperature data. We use our measurements to derive a first CMB only upper limit on the temperature inside ionized bubbles, Tb≲7.0×105 K (2σ). We also present future forecasts, assuming a fiducial model with characteristic reionization bubble size Rb=5 Mpc and Tb=5×104 K. The signal-to-noise ratio of the fiducial cross-correlation using a signal dominated y-map from the Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (PICO) becomes ≃7 with CMB-S4 δτ and ≃13 with CMB-HD δτ. For the fiducial model, we predict that the CMB-HD--PICO cross-correlation should achieve an accurate measurement of the reionization parameters; Tb≃49800-5100+4500 K and Rb≃5.09-0.79+0.66 Mpc. Since the power spectrum of the electron density fluctuations is constrained by the δτ autospectrum, the temperature constraints should be only weakly model dependent on the details of the electron distributions and should be statistically representative of the temperature in ionized bubbles during reionization. This cross-correlation could, therefore, become an important observable for future CMB experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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215. Multitracer CMB delensing maps from Planck and WISE data.

Author

Byeonghee Yu, Hill, J. Colin, and Sherwin, Blake D.

Subjects
*COSMIC background radiation, *GRAVITATIONAL lenses, *GRAVITATIONAL waves
Abstract

Delensing, the removal of the limiting lensing B-mode background, is crucial for the success of future cosmic microwave background (CMB) surveys in constraining inflationary gravitational waves (IGWs). In recent work, delensing with large-scale structure tracers has emerged as a promising method both for improving constraints on IGWs and for testing delensing methods for future use. However, the delensing fractions (i.e., the fraction of the lensing-B mode power removed) achieved by recent efforts have been only 20%-30%. In this work, we provide a detailed characterization of a full-sky, dust-cleaned cosmic infrared background (CIB) map for delensing and construct a further-improved delensing template by adding additional tracers to increase delensing performance. In particular, we build a multitracer delensing template by combining the dust-cleaned Planck CIB map with a reconstructed CMB lensing map from Planck and a galaxy number density map from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) satellite. For this combination, we calculate the relevant weightings by fitting smooth templates to measurements of all the cross-spectra and autospectra of these maps. On a large fraction of the sky (fsky=0.43), we demonstrate that our maps are capable of providing a delensing factor of 43±1%; using a more restrictive mask (fsky=0.11), the delensing factor reaches 48±1%. For low-noise surveys, our delensing maps, which cover much of the sky, can thus improve constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio (r) by nearly a factor of 2. The delensing tracer maps are made publicly available, and we encourage their use in ongoing and upcoming B-mode surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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216. CMB lensing beyond the power spectrum: Cosmological constraints from the one-point probability distribution function and peak counts.

Author

Jia Liu, Hill, J. Colin, Sherwin, Blake D., Petri, Andrea, Böhm, Vanessa, and Haiman, Zoltán

Subjects
*COSMIC background radiation, *POWER spectra, *DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory)
Abstract

Unprecedentedly precise cosmic microwave background (CMB) data are expected from ongoing and near-future CMB stage III and IV surveys, which will yield reconstructed CMB lensing maps with effective resolution approaching several arcminutes. The small-scale CMB lensing fluctuations receive non-negligible contributions from nonlinear structure in the late-time density field. These fluctuations are not fully characterized by traditional two-point statistics, such as the power spectrum. Here, we use N-body ray-tracing simulations of CMB lensing maps to examine two higher-order statistics: the lensing convergence one-point probability distribution function (PDF) and peak counts. We show that these statistics contain significant information not captured by the two-point function and provide specific forecasts for the ongoing stage III Advanced Atacama Cosmology Telescope (AdvACT) experiment. Considering only the temperature-based reconstruction estimator, we forecast 9σ (PDF) and 6σ (peaks) detections of these statistics with AdvACT. Our simulation pipeline fully accounts for the non-Gaussianity of the lensing reconstruction noise, which is significant and cannot be neglected. Combining the power spectrum, PDF, and peak counts for AdvACT will tighten cosmological constraints in the Ωm-σ8 plane by ≈30%, compared to using the power spectrum alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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217. Evidence for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and velocity reconstruction from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author

Simone Aiola, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Matthew Hasselfield, Neelima Sehgal, J. Colin Hill, Loïc Maurin, Kent D. Irwin, Suzanne T. Staggs, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, M. Lungu, Michael D. Niemack, Bruce Partridge, Laura Newburgh, J. Richard Bond, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Jonathan Sievers, Dale Li, Francesco De Bernardis, Hsiao-Mei Cho, David N. Spergel, Sigurd Naess, Thibaut Louis, Adam D. Hincks, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Arthur Kosowsky, Shawn W. Henderson, Christine G. Pappas, Erminia Calabrese, Lyman A. Page, John P. Hughes, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Simone Ferraro, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Nicholas Battaglia, Federico Nati, Shirley Ho, Blake D. Sherwin, Joanna Dunkley, Alexander van Engelen, Renée Hlozek, Kendrick M. Smith, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Vargas-Magaña, M, Smith Kendrick, M, Ho, S, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bond J., R, De Bernardis, F, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Devlin Mark, J, Dunkley, J, Gallardo Patricio, A, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill J., C, Hincks Adam, D, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes John, P, Irwin Kent, D, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon Jeffrey, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack Michael, D, Page Lyman, A, Pappas Christine, G, Partridge, B, Schmitt Benjamin, L, Sehgal, N, Sherwin Blake, D, Sievers Jonathan, L, Spergel David, N, Staggs Suzanne, T, Van Engelen, A, and Wollack Edward, J

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Dark matter, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Galaxy groups and clusters, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Redshift, Galaxy, Baryon, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Author(s): Schaan, E; Ferraro, S; Vargas-Magana, M; Smith, KM; Ho, S; Aiola, S; Battaglia, N; Bond, JR; De Bernardis, F; Calabrese, E; Cho, HM; Devlin, MJ; Dunkley, J; Gallardo, PA; Hasselfield, M; Henderson, S; Hill, JC; Hincks, AD; Hlozek, R; Hubmayr, J; Hughes, JP; Irwin, KD; Koopman, B; Kosowsky, A; Li, D; Louis, T; Lungu, M; Madhavacheril, M; Maurin, L; McMahon, JJ; Moodley, K; Naess, S; Nati, F; Newburgh, L; Niemack, MD; Page, LA; Pappas, CG; Partridge, B; Schmitt, BL; Sehgal, N; Sherwin, BD; Sievers, JL; Spergel, DN; Staggs, ST; Van Engelen, A; Wollack, EJ | Abstract: We use microwave temperature maps from two seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at 146 GHz, together with the "Constant Mass" CMASS galaxy sample from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey to measure the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect over the redshift range z=0.4-0.7. We use galaxy positions and the continuity equation to obtain a reconstruction of the line-of-sight velocity field. We stack the microwave temperature at the location of each halo, weighted by the corresponding reconstructed velocity. We vary the size of the aperture photometry filter used, thus probing the free electron profile of these halos from within the virial radius out to three virial radii, on the scales relevant for investigating the missing baryons problem. The resulting best fit kSZ model is preferred over the no-kSZ hypothesis at 3.3 and 2.9σ for two independent velocity reconstruction methods, using 25,537 galaxies over 660 square degrees. The data suggest that the baryon profile is shallower than the dark matter in the inner regions of the halos probed here, potentially due to energy injection from active galactic nucleus or supernovae. Thus, by constraining the gas profile on a wide range of scales, this technique will be useful for understanding the role of feedback in galaxy groups and clusters. The effect of foregrounds that are uncorrelated with the galaxy velocities is expected to be well below our signal, and residual thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination is controlled by masking the most massive clusters. Finally, we discuss the systematics involved in converting our measurement of the kSZ amplitude into the mean free electron fraction of the halos in our sample.

Published
2016

218. THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: LENSING OF CMB TEMPERATURE AND POLARIZATION DERIVED FROM COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND CROSS-CORRELATION

Author

Alexander van Engelen, Blake D. Sherwin, Neelima Sehgal, Graeme E. Addison, Rupert Allison, Nick Battaglia, Francesco de Bernardis, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Kevin Coughlin, Devin Crichton, Rahul Datta, Mark J. Devlin, Joanna Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Patricio Gallardo, Emily Grace, Megan Gralla, Amir Hajian, Matthew Hasselfield, Shawn Henderson, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Mathew Madhavacheril, Loïc Maurin, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Charles Munson, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, Lyman A. Page, Christine Pappas, Bruce Partridge, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Jonathan L. Sievers, Sara Simon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Eric R. Switzer, Jonathan T. Ward, Edward J. Wollack, Engelen Alexander, V, Sherwin Blake, D, Sehgal, N, Addison Graeme, E, Allison, R, Battaglia, N, Bernardis Francesco, D, Bond J., R, Calabrese, E, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Datta, R, Devlin Mark, J, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, P, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Hajian, A, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill J., C, Hilton, M, Hincks Adam, D, Hlozek, R, Huffenberger Kevin, M, Hughes John, P, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack Michael, D, Nolta Michael, R, Page Lyman, A, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Schmitt Benjamin, L, Sievers Jonathan, L, Simon, S, Spergel David, N, Staggs Suzanne, T, Switzer Eric, R, Ward Jonathan, T, and Wollack Edward, J

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, symbols.namesake, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Cosmic infrared background, Planck, cosmology: observations, infrared: diffuse background, large-scale structure of universe, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, cosmology: observation, Cross-correlation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Amplitude, Gravitational lens, 13. Climate action, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a measurement of the gravitational lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization fields obtained by cross-correlating the reconstructed convergence signal from the first season of ACTPol data at 146 GHz with Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) fluctuations measured using the Planck satellite. Using an overlap area of 206 square degrees, we detect gravitational lensing of the CMB polarization by large-scale structure at a statistical significance of 4.5 sigma. Combining both CMB temperature and polarization data gives a lensing detection at 9.1 sigma significance. A B-mode polarization lensing signal is present with a significance of 3.2 sigma. We also present the first measurement of CMB lensing--CIB correlation at small scales corresponding to l > 2000. Null tests and systematic checks show that our results are not significantly biased by astrophysical or instrumental systematic effects, including Galactic dust. Fitting our measurements to the best-fit lensing-CIB cross power spectrum measured in Planck data, scaled by an amplitude A, gives A=1.02 +0.12/-0.18 (stat.) +/-0.06(syst.), consistent with the Planck results., Submitted to ApJ

Published
2015

219. Evidence of lensing of the cosmic microwave background by dark matter halos

Author

Rolando Dünner, Edward J. Wollack, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Adam D. Hincks, Nick Battaglia, Kavilan Moodley, Rahul Datta, Benjamin L. Schmitt, J. Colin Hill, Devin Crichton, Lyman A. Page, Mark J. Devlin, M. Lungu, Robert Thornton, Suzanne T. Staggs, Blake D. Sherwin, Matthew Hasselfield, Arthur Kosowsky, Erminia Calabrese, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Jonathan T. Ward, Bruce Partridge, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, J. Richard Bond, Jerod Caligiuri, Jeff McMahon, Kevin Coughlin, Charles Munson, David N. Spergel, Rupert Allison, Neelima Sehgal, Amir Hajian, Matt Hilton, Alexander van Engelen, Emily Grace, Thibaut Louis, John P. Hughes, Joanna Dunkley, Jon Sievers, Kevin Fogarty, Renée Hlozek, Madhavacheril, M, Sehgal, N, Allison, R, Battaglia, N, Bond J., R, Calabrese, E, Caligiuri, J, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Datta, R, Devlin Mark, J, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Fogarty, K, Grace, E, Hajian, A, Hasselfield, M, Hill J., C, Hilton, M, Hincks Adam, D, Hlozek, R, Hughes John, P, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack Michael, D, Page Lyman, A, Partridge, B, Schmitt, B, Sherwin Blake, D, Sievers, J, Spergel David, N, Staggs Suzanne, T, Thornton, R, Van Engelen, A, Ward Jonathan, T, and Wollack Edward, J

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Hot dark matter, Strong gravitational lensing, Cosmic microwave background, Dark matter, Scalar field dark matter, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Dark matter halo, Physics and Astronomy (all), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Dark fluid, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present evidence of the gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background by $10^{13}$ solar mass dark matter halos. Lensing convergence maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) are stacked at the positions of around 12,000 optically-selected CMASS galaxies from the SDSS-III/BOSS survey. The mean lensing signal is consistent with simulated dark matter halo profiles, and is favored over a null signal at 3.2 sigma significance. This result demonstrates the potential of microwave background lensing to probe the dark matter distribution in galaxy group and galaxy cluster halos., 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted by PRL, author list corrected

Published
2015

220. Canonical Hubble-Tension-Resolving Early Dark Energy Cosmologies Are Inconsistent with the Lyman-α Forest.

Author

Goldstein S, Hill JC, Iršič V, and Sherwin BD

Abstract

Current cosmological data exhibit discordance between indirect and some direct inferences of the present-day expansion rate H_{0}. Early dark energy (EDE), which briefly increases the cosmic expansion rate prior to recombination, is a leading scenario for resolving this "Hubble tension" while preserving a good fit to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. However, this comes at the cost of changes in parameters that affect structure formation in the late-time universe, including the spectral index of scalar perturbations n_{s}. Here, we present the first constraints on axionlike EDE using data from the Lyman-α forest, i.e., absorption lines imprinted in background quasar spectra by neutral hydrogen gas along the line of sight. We consider two independent measurements of the one-dimensional Lyα forest flux power spectrum from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS eBOSS) and from the MIKE/HIRES and X-Shooter spectrographs. We combine these with a baseline dataset comprised of Planck CMB data and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements. Combining the eBOSS Lyα data with the CMB and BAO dataset reduces the 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper bound on the maximum fractional contribution of EDE to the cosmic energy budget f_{EDE} from 0.07 to 0.03 and constrains H_{0}=67.9_{-0.4}^{+0.4}  km/s/Mpc (68% C.L.), with maximum a posteriori value H_{0}=67.9  km/s/Mpc. Similar results are obtained for the MIKE/HIRES and X-Shooter Lyα data. Our Lyα-based EDE constraints yield H_{0} values that are in >4σ tension with the SH0ES distance-ladder measurement and are driven by the preference of the Lyα forest data for n_{s} values lower than those required by EDE cosmologies that fit Planck CMB data. Taken at face value, the Lyα forest severely constrains canonical EDE models that could resolve the Hubble tension.

Published
2023
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221. Evidence of lensing of the cosmic microwave background by dark matter halos.

Author

Madhavacheril M, Sehgal N, Allison R, Battaglia N, Bond JR, Calabrese E, Caligiuri J, Coughlin K, Crichton D, Datta R, Devlin MJ, Dunkley J, Dünner R, Fogarty K, Grace E, Hajian A, Hasselfield M, Hill JC, Hilton M, Hincks AD, Hlozek R, Hughes JP, Kosowsky A, Louis T, Lungu M, McMahon J, Moodley K, Munson C, Naess S, Nati F, Newburgh L, Niemack MD, Page LA, Partridge B, Schmitt B, Sherwin BD, Sievers J, Spergel DN, Staggs ST, Thornton R, Van Engelen A, Ward JT, and Wollack EJ

Abstract

We present evidence of the gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background by 10(13) solar mass dark matter halos. Lensing convergence maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) are stacked at the positions of around 12 000 optically selected CMASS galaxies from the SDSS-III/BOSS survey. The mean lensing signal is consistent with simulated dark matter halo profiles and is favored over a null signal at 3.2σ significance. This result demonstrates the potential of microwave background lensing to probe the dark matter distribution in galaxy group and galaxy cluster halos.

Published
2015
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