Search

Researchers often want to evaluate whether a new medical or surgical treatment is equivalent to an existing treatment. The new treatment may be preferred if its results are equivalent to those of the existing approach in terms of complications or outcomes but it is superior in terms of ease of use, safety, or cost. However, many researchers are unaware that the equivalence of two interventions cannot be established by failing to find a statistical difference between them. This somewhat subtle detail of research design and statistical analysis has very important clinical implications. The goal of this brief paper is to explain the distinctions between the familiar difference trial (or superiority trial) study design and the often more appropriate but much less familiar equivalence study design. These designs have different underlying hypotheses, power calculations, statistical analyses, and conclusions. Claiming the equivalence of two interventions on the basis of a nonsignificant difference in the results of a difference trial and analysis, as is unfortunately common, may lead to incorrect conclusions and inappropriate changes in clinical practice1,2. Erroneous equivalence claims in the medical literature have been reviewed by Greene et al.3. The examples presented in the present paper hinge on two fundamental statistical concepts that warrant description, specifically type-I and type-II errors4. A type-I error, or false positive, is an error in which the null hypothesis is rejected when, in fact, the null hypothesis is true. For example, a type-I error has occurred if researchers declare that two treatments produce different outcomes when, in reality, no difference exists. The probability of a type-I error is denoted by α. A type-II error, or false negative, occurs when researchers fail to reject the null hypothesis when, in fact, the null hypothesis is false. For example, a type-II …

O rio Natuba é o principal afluente da margem direita do rio Tapacurá, que por sua vez é estratégico manancial hídrico para a Região Metropolitana do Recife. Dando sequência aos estudos que vem sendo desenvolvidos na bacia do Tapacurá como um todo, com desdobramentos práticos para ações governamentais e da sociedade civil, estão sendo realizados na UFPE estudos hidrológicos, de solos e de uso sustentável da terra na sub-bacia do rio Natuba. Um passo importante para esses estudos é a caracterização fisiográfica da sub-bacia. Este trabalho oferece suporte de informação sobre hidrografia, geologia, relevo, solos, clima e vegetação local, incluindo os tipos de uso da terra.

Objectives: to analysis the nursing national scientific production on the generic gadget for quality of life evaluation, SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey), using indexed brazilian periodics in Health’s Virtual Bibliotheca (BVS), since 1999. Method: this is about a literature review study which national periodics were selected among that one’s in BVS (LILACS and BDENF) in data collection period, and manual search for that one’s that could not be founded full form. Research used descriptors “quality of life” and “Nursing”, founded in DECS (Health Science Descriptors). Results: BVS online article search found six studies that showed in their titles or abstracts the tag “quality of life” and were related to SF-36. Conclusions: Results guide professionals that care patients with different diseases, and have to be highlighted in meaning to benefit their quality of life. These studies quantity’s improve is needed, so is possible realize not only quality of life evaluation, but care quality. Descriptors: quality of life; nursing; life style.RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a produção científica nacional na área de Enfermagem acerca do instrumento genérico para avaliação de qualidade de vida SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey), em periódicos brasileiros indexados na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) a partir de 1999. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura. Os periódicos nacionais foram selecionados dentre aqueles que estavam disponíveis na BVS (LILACS e BDENF) no período da coleta de dados, e aqueles estudos que não foram encontrados na íntegra, foi feita busca manual. A busca foi feita por meio da junção dos descritores “qualidade de vida” e “enfermagem”, que são disponíveis no DECS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde). Resultados: a busca online de artigos na BVS resultou em seis estudos que apresentavam em seu título ou resumo o termo qualidade de vida e retratavam sobre o instrumento genérico SF-36. Conclusão: esses resultados servem como guia para os profissionais que lidam com pacientes de diferentes enfermidades, e devem ser observados atentamente, para que se intervenha de forma a melhorar a qualidade de vida daqueles sujeitos sob cuidados. Existe a necessidade de se aumentar o número de estudos relacionados à temática, para que dessa forma seja possível não somente avaliar a qualidade de vida em si, mas também a qualidade do tratamento oferecido. Descritores: qualidade de vida; enfermagem; estilo de vida.RESUMEN Objetives: analizar la producción científica en el área de enfermería acerca del instrumento genérico para evaluar la calidad de vida SF-36 (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey) en periódicos indexados en la Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) a partir de 1999. Método: se trata de una revisión de la literatura. Las revistas nacionales fueron seleccionadas entre las que estaban disponibles en la BVS (LILACS y BDENF) en el período de colecta de datos, y los estudios que no se encuentran en su totalidad, hace feíta la búsqueda manual. La búsqueda se realizó mediante el cruce de los descriptores "calidad de vida" y "enfermería", que están disponibles en el DECS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde. Resultados: La búsqueda online de artículos en la BVS resultó en seis estudios, que apresentaban su título o resumen la palabra calidad de vida y retrataban sobre el instrumento genérico SF-36. Conclusión: esos resultados sirven como guía para los profesionales que tratan con pacientes de diferentes enfermedades, y debe ser observado cuidadosamente, para intervenir con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de vida de los pacientes. Hay una necesidad de aumentar el número de estudios relacionados con el tema, de modo que sea posible no sólo evaluar la calidad de vida, pero también la calidad del tratamiento ofrecido. Descriptores: calidad de vida; enfermería; estilo de vida.

Resumo Nos últimos anos têm ocorrido mudanças no sistema obstétrico brasileiro, em função da distância entre o cenário nacional e recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e da atuação de movimentos sociais. Isso evidencia a necessidade de considerar tanto o contexto nacional como o internacional. A fim de compreender a influência da transnacionalização no parto normal no Brasil, conduziu-se uma pesquisa documental para rastrear a evolução do sistema obstétrico no país. Como resultado, observou-se que a trajetória histórica do parto normal não se restringiu às fronteiras nacionais, tendo padrões e recomendações transnacionais impactado localmente, direcionando a criação de novas regulamentações. Abstract In recent years, changes have taken place in Brazilian obstetrics in response to the distance between the national scenario and World Health Organization recommendations and the work of organized civil society. This indicates the need for the national and international contexts to be considered. As such, the aim here is to understand the influence of transnationalism on normal childbirth in Brazil. Documental research was conducted to trace out the development of obstetrics in the country. It was found that the historical trajectory of normal childbirth in Brazil has not necessarily been restricted to national borders, but has been influenced by transnational recommendations and standards, orienting the creation of new regulations.

The pavement recycling allows to reuse reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) or other waste materials in new asphalt mixtures for road construction or rehabilitation, thus re-ducing the use of virgin materials (aggregates and bitumen). Thus, the main aim of this study is to minimize the use of natural resources through the reuse of three waste materials: HDPE, mo-tor oil and RAP. Different amounts of waste motor oil and HDPE were added to an asphalt binder with 50% aged bitumen. The best solutions to produce the modified binders (4.5 to 5.0% HDPE and 10 % waste motor oil) performed as well as a conventional bitumen although they only used 35 % of virgin bitumen. Asphalt mixtures with 50 % RAP were produced with the selected modified binders, improving some characteristics in comparison with conventional asphalt mixtures. In conclusion, these wastes can revive in new asphalt mixtures., RDF funds through the Operational Compe titiveness Program – COMPETE and the National funds by FCT – Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology in the scope of PLASTIROADS Project FCOMP - 01 - 0124 - FEDER - 020335 (PTDC/ECM/119179/20)

BACKGROUND: Machado-Joseph Disease (MJD), a form of dominantly inherited ataxia belonging to the group of polyQ expansion neurodegenerative disorders, occurs when a threshold value for the number of glutamines in Ataxin-3 (Atx3) polyglutamine region is exceeded. As a result of its modular multidomain architecture, Atx3 is known to engage in multiple macromolecular interactions, which might be unbalanced when the polyQ tract is expanded, culminating in the aggregation and formation of intracellular inclusions, a unifying fingerprint of this group of neurodegenerative disorders. Since aggregation is specific to certain brain regions, localization-dependent posttranslational modifications that differentially affect Atx3 might also contribute for MJD. METHODS: We combined in vitro and cellular approaches to address SUMOylation in the brain-predominant Atx3 isoform and assessed the impact of this posttranslational modification on Atx3 self-assembly and interaction with its native partner, p97. RESULTS: We demonstrate that Atx3 is SUMOylated at K356 both in vitro and in cells, which contributes for decreased formation of amyloid fibrils and for increased affinity towards p97. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: These findings highlight the role of SUMOylation as a regulator of Atx3 function, with implications on Atx3 protein interaction network and self-assembly, with potential impact for further understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MJD pathogenesis. This work was funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through grants PTDC/BIA-PRO/100059/2008 and PTDC/SAU-NMC/110602/2009 (EU-FEDER funding through COMPETEFCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-009031 and FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-015860, respectively), and by QREN — Quadro de Referência Estratégica Nacional through Programa Operacional Regional do Norte ON. 2 (Neurodegenerative Disorders — NORTE-01-0124-FEDER-000001). C.M., S.F., I.A.A. and B.A. acknowledge the financial support from FCT through fellowships SFRH/BD/47160/2008, SFRH/BPD/77009/2011, Ciência 2008 Programme, and SFRH/BPD/70783/2010, respectively.

Paul Ricoeur sustains in Soi-même comme un autre that the tragical conflict in Sophocle’s Antigone is only ethical. Antigone and Creon confront each other because they both have limited and partial views of good life. The aim of this brief paper is to show that Antigone's tragedy must be situated in the religions domain. Only Greek theology - the belief in a ‘cruel’ and ‘satanic’ God - gives us the ‘tools’ to understand Sophocles' complex imaginary.

Submitted by Patrícia Paula Ferreira (patricia.arriaga@iscte.pt) on 2013-06-16T00:15:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Fernandes_Arriaga_Dor_Pediatrica.pdf: 408733 bytes, checksum: c5c224a846e3f64ca63b5989ad2cfe04 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Patrícia Paula Ferreira(patricia.arriaga@iscte.pt) on 2013-06-16T00:15:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Fernandes_Arriaga_Dor_Pediatrica.pdf: 408733 bytes, checksum: c5c224a846e3f64ca63b5989ad2cfe04 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-17T11:49:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Fernandes_Arriaga_Dor_Pediatrica.pdf: 408733 bytes, checksum: c5c224a846e3f64ca63b5989ad2cfe04 (MD5) Bolsa de Doutoramento à 1º autora, financiada pela FCT com a referência SFRH/BD/61041/2009

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:45:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 The present work had the goal of screening a batch of 20 fungal strains, isolated from sugar cane plantation soil, in order to identify those capable of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are known to have a large and effective application in clinical microbiology. Four strains were found to be capable of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesised nanoparticles were characterised by UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, EDX, and XRD. They were found to have an average size of 30–100 nm, a regular round shape, and potential antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antimicrobial activity was found to be directly related to the nanoparticles concentration. Mycogenic synthesis of nanoparticles is a green biogenic process preferable to other alternatives. Because fungi are great producers of extracellular enzymes this process makes scaling-up an easier task with high importance for clinical microbiology on the fight against microbial resistance, as well as for other industrial applications. Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/no Biology Department Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Lancashire Richmond Pharmacology Ltd St George’s University London Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial Instituto de Pesquisa Tecnológica do Estado de São Paulo Departamento de Química Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio, Coroado I, 6200 Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University-UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/no

Road pavements are very important infrastructures for the Society, but they can cause serious environmental impacts during construction, operation and rehabilitation phases. Thus, it is essential to develop surface paving solutions that promote not only the durability but also a comfortable and safe use. In fact, this work aims to study the properties of new opengraded mixtures for surface layers produced with plastic wastes. First, HDPE and EVA wastes were used as bitumen modifiers, and then another plastic waste (PEX) replaced part of the aggregates. After studying the modified binders, the open-graded mixtures were designed, and then they were tested concerning their particle loss, rutting resistance, surface texture and damping effect. It was concluded that both ways of using the plastic wastes can improve the mechanical and functional properties of the open-graded mixtures related to the pavement performance., ERDF funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program – COMPETE and the National funds by FCT – Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology in the scope of PLASTIROADS Project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-020335 (PTDC/ECM/119179/2010) .

Orientador: Prof. Dr. João Marcelo Crubellate Dissertação (mestrado em Administração) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 2020 RESUMO: O principal desafio de gestão das organizações cooperativas respalda na conciliação entre os padrões sociais advindos da doutrina do cooperativismo e os padrões competitivos exigidos para atuação em um mercado globalizado. A abertura comercial e o pacote de modernização da agricultura incentivado pelo Estado na década de 70 aqueceu o mercado agrícola brasileiro, sendo assim, as cooperativas agrícolas assumiram o papel de dependência financeira e tornaram-se as principais intermediárias desses subsídios fornecidos pelo Estado com o intuito de promover mudanças tecnológicas por meio do cultivo de lavouras modernas principalmente a soja. Esse contexto de mudança é propício para o aparecimento de novas lógicas institucionais denominadas de lógicas emergentes. Quando em um ambiente institucional operam mais de uma lógica com prescrições compatíveis ou não temos um ambiente composto por múltiplas lógicas institucionais das quais advém à complexidade institucional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo dessa dissertação é entender como lógicas institucionais que emergiram de mudanças tecnológicas e legais ocorridas a partir de 1980 no campo do cooperativismo agrícola brasileiro, foram legitimadas na Coamo Agroindustrial Cooperativa. Essa cooperativa foi escolhida visto que a mesma despontou em meio a uma conjuntura econômica de recessão que o país enfrentava. Teoricamente esta pesquisa está fundamentada na abordagem da teoria institucional. N o que tange aos procedimentos metodológicos, foi realizado um estudo de caso utilizando-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que o ambiente da Coamo é permeado por diversas lógicas institucionais emergentes: a estatal, a comercial e a financista, porém, o surgimento dessas lógicas institucionais emergentes promoveu somente o enfraquecimento dos aspectos constituintes da lógica cooperativista, mas não a eliminou. A dinâmica de legitimação das lógicas institucionais da Coamo é intrínseca à legislação do cooperativismo. A cooperativa desde sua constituição mantém uma cultura de coletividade, honestidade, valores e princípios muito fortes. Em suma, essas lógicas emergentes no campo do cooperativismo da Coamo propiciou o primeiro passo para a dualidade da estrutura da Cooperativa e a gestão da Coamo no seu processo de institucionalização/legitimação conseguiu absorver essa pluralidade institucional. ABSTRACT: The main management challenge of cooperative organizations rests on the reconciliation between social standards arising from the doctrine of cooperativism and the competitive standards required to operate in a globalized market. The commercial opening and the agricultural modernization package encouraged by the State in the 1970s heated up the Brazilian agricultural market, thus, agricultural cooperatives assumed the role of financial dependence and became the main intermediaries of these subsidies provided by the State with the intention of to promote technological changes through the cultivation of modern crops mainly soy. This context of change is conducive to the emergence of new institutional logics it operates called emerging logics. When in an institutional environment they operate more than one logic with compatible prescriptions or we do not have an environment composed of multiple institutional logics from which comes the institutional complexity. In this context, the objective of this dissertation is to understand how institutional logics that emerged from technological and legal changes that occurred since 1980 in the field of Brazilian agricultural cooperativism were legitimized in the Coamo Agroindustrial Cooperative. This cooperative was chosen because it emerged amid an economic recession that the country was facing. Theoretically this research is based on the approach of institutional theory, with regard to methodological procedures, a case study was carried out using the technique of content analysis. The results showed that the Coamo environment is permeated by several emerging institutional logics: the state, commercial and financial ones, however, the emergence of these emerging institutional logics only promoted the weakening of the constituent aspects of the cooperative logic, but it did not eliminate it. The dynamics of legitimation of Coamo institutional logic is intrinsic to the legislation of cooperativism, the cooperative since its constitution maintains a culture of collectivity, honesty, values and very strong principles. In short, these emerging logics in the field of Coamo cooperativism provided the first step towards the duality of the Cooperative's structure. And Coamo management in its institutionalization/legitimation process has managed to absorb institutional plurality. 115 f. : il. color., figs., tabs.

As características morfológicas e anatômicas foliares de espécies vegetais são importantes indicadores de sua ecologia e de seus hábitats. Objetivou-se caracterizar a plasticidade fenotípica de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi em diferentes condições de saturação hídrica. As mudas foram produzidas em tubetes plásticos, permanecendo em estufa por quatro meses, sendo irrigadas normalmente. Em seguida foram submetidas aos tratamentos: T1- testemunha, T2- alagamento parcial e T3- alagamento total. Após três semanas sob alagamento, foram realizadas descrições anatômicas foliares comparativas e avaliadas as características morfológicas área foliar, área específica foliar, espessura foliar, teor de água e densidade estomática. Durante 10 semanas foram observadas as modificações fenotípicas adaptativas. Foi observado aumento da espessura da base do caule, clorose e abscisão foliar, surgimento de lenticelas e raízes adventícias. Após três semanas de alagamento, não foram verificadas grandes modificações na morfologia das folhas, principalmente para a AF e AEF. Em T3, o teor de água foi maior e a espessura foliar menor. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos para DE. Quanto aos aspectos anatômicos, observou-se uma redução na espessura do mesofilo e das nervuras, assim como a produção de compostos fenólicos por alguns tipos celulares. Os espaços intercelulares são progressivamente mais amplos nas plantas submetidas ao alagamento Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-01T00:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011IvarFLORESTAMorfoanatomia.pdf: 1301902 bytes, checksum: 2725ec22b9c591e1f540de4f7861990f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-03

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion