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Breast cancer is the second leading cancer type among females. In this regard, it is found that microRNAs play an important role by regulating the gene expressions at the post-transcriptional phase. However, identification of the most influencing miRNAs in breast cancer subtypes is a challenging task, while the recent advancement in Next Generation Sequencing techniques allows analyzing high throughput expression data of miRNAs. Thus, we have conducted this research with the help of NGS data of breast cancer in order to identify the most significant miRNA biomarkers. The selected miRNA biomarkers are highly associated with the multiple breast cancer subtypes. For this purpose, a two-phase technique, called Machine Learning Integrated Ensemble of Feature Selection Methods, followed by survival analysis, is proposed. In the first phase, we have selected the best among seven machine learning techniques based on classification accuracy using the entire set of features (in this case miRNAs). Subsequently, eight different feature selection methods are used separately in order to rank the features and validate each set of top features using the selected machine learning technique by considering a multi-class classification task of the breast cancer subtypes. In the second phase, based on the classification accuracy values, the top features from each feature selection method are considered to make an ensemble to provide further categorization of the miRNAs as 8*, 7* up to 1*. The 8* miRNAs provide the highest average classification accuracy of 86% after 10-fold cross-validation. Thereafter, 27 miRNAs are identified from the list that is confined within 8* to 4* miRNAs based on their importance in survival for breast cancer subtypes using Cox regression based survival analysis. Moreover, expression analysis, regulatory network analysis, protein-protein interaction analysis, KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analysis are performed in order to validate biological significance of the proposed solution. Additionally, we have prepared a miRNA-protein-drug interaction network to identify possible drug for the selected miRNAs. Thus, our findings may be considered during a clinical trial for the treatment of breast cancer patients., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Metal-ligand coordination interactions are usually much stronger than weak intermolecular interactions. Nevertheless, here, we show experimental evidence and theoretical confirmation of a very rare example where metal-ligand bonds dissociate in an irreversible way, helped by a large number of weak intermolecular interactions that surpass the energy of the metal-ligand bond. Thus, we describe the design and synthesis of trinuclear Mn 2 Fe complex {[Mn(L)(H 2 O)] 2 Fe(CN) 6 }, 2- starting from a mononuclear Mn(III)-Schiff base complex: [Mn(L)(H 2 O)Cl] ( 1 ) and [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4- anions. This reaction implies the dissociation of Mn(III)-Cl coordination bonds and the formation of Mn(III)-NC bonds with the help of several intermolecular interactions. Here, we present the synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic characterization of the monomeric Mn(III) complex [Mn(L)(H 2 O)Cl] ( 1 ) and of compound (H 3 O)[Mn(L)(H 2 O) 2 ]{[Mn(L)(H 2 O)] 2 Fe(CN) 6 } · 4H 2 O ( 2 ) (H 2 L = 2,2'-((1 E ,1' E )-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))bis(4-methoxyphenol)). Complex 1 is a monomer where the Schiff base ligand (L) is coordinated to the four equatorial positions of the Mn(III) center with a H 2 O molecule and a Cl - ion at the axial sites and the monomeric units are assembled by π-π and hydrogen-bonding interactions to build supramolecular dimers. The combination of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4- with complex 1 leads to the formation of linear Mn-NC-Fe-CN-Mn trimers where two trans cyano groups of the [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4- anion replace the labile chloride from the coordination sphere of two [Mn(L)(H 2 O)Cl] complexes, giving rise to the linear anionic {[Mn(L)(H 2 O)] 2 Fe(CN) 6 } 2- trimer. This Mn 2 Fe trimer crystallizes with an oxonium cation and a mononuclear [Mn(L)(H 2 O) 2 ] + cation, closely related to the precursor neutral complex [Mn(L)(H 2 O)Cl]. In compound 2 , the Mn 2 Fe trimers are assembled by several hydrogen-bonding and π-π interactions to frame an extended structure similar to that of complex 1 . Density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations at the PBE1PBE-D3/def2-TZVP level show that the bond dissociation energy (-29.3 kcal/mol) for the Mn(III)-Cl bond is smaller than the summation of all the weak intermolecular interactions (-30.1 kcal/mol). Variable-temperature magnetic studies imply the existence of weak intermolecular antiferromagnetic couplings in both compounds, which can be can cancelled with a critical field of ca. 2.0 and 2.5 T at 2 K for compounds 1 and 2 , respectively. The magnetic properties of compound 1 have been fit with a simple S = 2 monomer with g = 1.959, a weak zero-field splitting (| D | = 1.23 cm -1 ), and a very weak intermolecular interaction ( zJ = -0.03 cm -1 ). For compound 2 , we have used a model with an S = 2 monomer with ZFS plus an S = 2 antiferromagnetically coupled dimer with g = 2.009, | D | = 1.21 cm -1 , and J = -0.42 cm -1 . The metamagnetic behavior of both compounds is attributed to the weak intermolecular π-π and hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Objective: To evaluate the visualization of gallbladder stones on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI)., Materials and Methods: Imaging data from 47 patients who underwent clinically indicated cholecystectomy was reviewed. Breath-hold SWI was added to the magnetic resonance imaging protocol and magnitude and phase data was reviewed for gall-stones visualization. Phase signature, that is, diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or mixed, was also noted in the stones. Magnetic susceptibility value of surgically extracted gallstones were imaged ex vivo (n = 37)., Results: In 45 of 47 cases, gallstones were surgically confirmed. In 43 cases, gallstones were visualized in the SWI. In 1 case, although routine imaging failed, stones were visualized on SWI. In 29 diamagnetic, 7 paramagnetic and 9 cases mixed phase were seen. In an ex vivo study, magnetic susceptibility of stones was found ranging between -0.102 and -0.916 ppm for diamagnetic and 0.203 and 486 ppm for paramagnetic stones., Conclusions: Gallbladder stones can be visualized with SWI and may be added to the routine magnetic resonance imaging protocol for its evaluation.

A case of ascariasis of the common bile duct in the postoperative period of cholecystectomy and choledocholithotomy with T-tube drainage is reported. The living adult wandering ascaris came out through the T-tube tract immediately after removal of the T-tube. No such previous report has been found in the available literature.

A 61-year-old male presented with recurrent bouts of haematemesis and melaena for last 10 days. On examination, he was found anaemic and had jaundice and a mass felt in the right hypochondrium. He required multiple blood transfusions. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopic (OGD) evaluation demonstrated no lesion, no fresh bleeding noticed from ampulla of Vater. Ultrasonographic evaluation demonstrated a heterogeneous mass within the gall bladder lumen with a chink of free lumen between the mass and gall bladder wall and also dilated biliary tract. Laparotomy confirmed mass within the gall bladder lumen without any lymph node involvement at porta or any liver metastasis, and had dilated common bile duct. Cholecystectomy was carried out. The cut section of the gall bladder showed a polypoid mass (5.5 cm x 4 cm) projecting inside lumen having a haemorrhagic spot on irregular surface and which was attached with fundus of the gall bladder through a small stalk. Choledochotomy showed only blood clots within the duct-choledochoduodenostomy was also done. Histopathological examination showed adenomatous polyp with foci of carcinoma in-situ or ly without any evidence of local metastasis. Follow-up was uneventful till after 11 months.