339 results on '"Ramirez, Guillermo"'
Search Results
302. Purification and characterization of two mammalian toxins from the venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann
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Dent, Myrna A.R., Possani, Lourival D., Ramírez, Guillermo A., and Fletcher, Paul L., Jr.
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- 1980
- Full Text
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303. Belatacept and Long-Term Outcomes in Kidney Transplantation.
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Vincenti, Flavio, Rostaing, Lionel, Grinyo, Joseph, Rice, Kim, Steinberg, Steven, Gaite, Luis, Moal, Marie-Christine, Mondragon-Ramirez, Guillermo A., Kothari, Jatin, Polinsky, Martin S., Meier-Kriesche, Herwig-Ulf, Munier, Stephane, and Larsen, Christian P.
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CHRONIC kidney failure , *COMPARATIVE studies , *CYCLOSPORINE , *GLOMERULAR filtration rate , *GRAFT versus host reaction , *IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents , *KIDNEY transplantation , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH , *EVALUATION research , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *BLIND experiment , *KAPLAN-Meier estimator , *SURGERY - Abstract
Background: In previous analyses of BENEFIT, a phase 3 study, belatacept-based immunosuppression, as compared with cyclosporine-based immunosuppression, was associated with similar patient and graft survival and significantly improved renal function in kidney-transplant recipients. Here we present the final results from this study.Methods: We randomly assigned kidney-transplant recipients to a more-intensive belatacept regimen, a less-intensive belatacept regimen, or a cyclosporine regimen. Efficacy and safety outcomes for all patients who underwent randomization and transplantation were analyzed at year 7 (month 84).Results: A total of 666 participants were randomly assigned to a study group and underwent transplantation. Of the 660 patients who were treated, 153 of the 219 patients treated with the more-intensive belatacept regimen, 163 of the 226 treated with the less-intensive belatacept regimen, and 131 of the 215 treated with the cyclosporine regimen were followed for the full 84-month period; all available data were used in the analysis. A 43% reduction in the risk of death or graft loss was observed for both the more-intensive and the less-intensive belatacept regimens as compared with the cyclosporine regimen (hazard ratio with the more-intensive regimen, 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.95; P=0.02; hazard ratio with the less-intensive regimen, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.94; P=0.02), with equal contributions from the lower rates of death and graft loss. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increased over the 7-year period with both belatacept regimens but declined with the cyclosporine regimen. The cumulative frequencies of serious adverse events at month 84 were similar across treatment groups.Conclusions: Seven years after transplantation, patient and graft survival and the mean eGFR were significantly higher with belatacept (both the more-intensive regimen and the less-intensive regimen) than with cyclosporine. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00256750.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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304. Real options and wind energy in Spain : a comparison between onshore and offshore projects
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Maia, Manuel Grais Baptista Marques and Ramirez, Guillermo
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Stochastic processes ,Spain ,Opções reais ,Renewable energy future ,Valorização ,Processos estocásticos ,Futuro energia renovável ,Espanha ,Wind energy ,Real option ,Energia eólica ,Ciências Sociais::Economia e Gestão [Domínio/Área Científica] ,Valuation - Abstract
Submitted by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2021-11-02T10:12:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 152119308_ManuelMaia_DPDFA.pdf: 1254553 bytes, checksum: eef824519341d1e60bb3affa333b7c9a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-02T10:12:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 152119308_ManuelMaia_DPDFA.pdf: 1254553 bytes, checksum: eef824519341d1e60bb3affa333b7c9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-06-28
- Published
- 2021
305. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community linkages to soil nutrient availability across contrasting agroecosystems.
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Kim, Keunbae, Neuberger, Patrick, Daly, Erin J., Gorzelak, Monika, and Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
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VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas , *FUNGAL communities , *AGRICULTURAL ecology , *SOILS , *RHIZOSPHERE , *CROP management , *SOIL composition - Abstract
Perennial grain crops have been proposed as a groundbreaking tactic to establish sustainable agroecosystems, as their growth habit and no-till management likely invoke multifunctionality such as improvement of soil structure as well as increases in nutrient retention and carbon (C) sequestration. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are multifunctional symbioses, which are ecologically important for over 80% terrestrial plants that form root associations with these fungi. Our study examined AMF diversity and community composition in annual and perennial grain crops; with and without nitrogen (N) fertilizer addition at two field sites within the Canadian prairies (Breton and Edmonton). AMF diversity and community composition were significantly different between the two study sites. This was attributed to the contrasting cropping management histories of the sites; previous long-term land use in Edmonton was annual cropping, whereas Breton was perennial forage crop. AMF community composition was not different between annual versus perennial grain cropping on both the bulk soil and rhizosphere (roots). Overall, the addition of N fertilizer did not change AMF diversity and community compositions but increased the abundance of Archaeospora. The most predominant genus in these temperate agroecosystems was Paraglomus , while Archaeospora and Claroideoglomus were observed in the roots compartment but unfrequently and specifically at the Edmonton site. Interestingly, Archaeospora and Paraglomus were significantly correlated with changes in particulate organic matter C, while Claroideoglomus had a positive correlation with ammonium concentration. Results revealed functional associations between key soil properties and certain AMF genera, which showed to be site specific. • Paraglomus was the most ubiquitous AMF genera, and it correlated with particulate organic C. • Abundance of Archaeospora in roots increased as a response to N fertilizer addition. • Claroideoglomus presence was associated with increasing soil ammonium concentration. • Contrasting cropping systems (annual vs. perennial) have significant impacts on key soil attributes. • AMF communities in soil and roots were similar between annual and perennial grain crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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306. Soil organic matter pools response to perennial grain cropping and nitrogen fertilizer.
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Kim, Keunbae, Daly, Erin J., Gorzelak, Monika, and Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
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NITROGEN fertilizers , *ROOT growth , *FERTILIZERS , *BLACK cotton soil , *SOIL profiles , *ORGANIC compounds - Abstract
Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils can play a pivotal role in the mitigation of accelerating climate change. Our research evaluated a continuum of agricultural cropping systems, including innovative perennial grain cropping, to assess which systems promote increases in and stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM). In comparison with conventional annual cropping systems, perennial grain cropping may be conducive to increased C accrual resulting from no-tillage management, longer growing seasons, and extensive root growth associated with these novel systems. Furthermore, the effects of N fertilizer addition on SOM dynamics under contrasting cropping systems were examined. We conducted physical SOM fractionation into particulate (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in samples taken over two years from two experimental sites in Central Alberta, Canada. Five contrasting cropping systems (perennial-forage, perennial-grain, fall-grain, spring-grain and fallow) both with and without N fertilizer were tested. Our findings demonstrate that perennial-grain cropping was consistently superior in sequestering SOM-C compared to annual-grain crops at the surface soil layer (0–15 cm depth, Ps < 0.05). Over the duration of this experiment, perennial-grain cropping considerably boosted C accumulation in the recalcitrant SOM pools as represented by increasing MAOM, particularly at the Edmonton site, which is characterized by a clay-rich, Black Chernozemic soil (MAOM: 41.5 and 45.3 g C kg−1 in annual and perennial crops, respectively, P < 0.05). However, recurrent N fertilizer additions diminished C sequestration by perennial-grain cropping in both POM and MAOM fractions (Ps < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that accrual and allocation of C within the soil profile was more closely related to aboveground crop biomass productivity as opposed to root growth, particularly for generating more intermediate-labile POM. Our results shed light on how to achieve greater soil C sequestration as a function of cropping system options, N fertilizer addition and underlying soil texture. [Display omitted] • Perennial grain crops enhance C accrual into labile and stable organic matter pools. • N fertilizer addition attenuates soil C sequestration in perennial grain crops. • Particulate organic matter C in surface soil is related to aboveground biomass C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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307. Carbon and water dynamics of a perennial versus an annual grain crop in temperate agroecosystems.
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Kim, Keunbae, Daly, Erin J., Flesch, Thomas K., Coates, Trevor W., and Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
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ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide , *WATER efficiency , *PERENNIALS , *RESPIRATION in plants , *RYE , *CROPS , *AGRICULTURAL ecology , *ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
• Perennial grain had greater net CO 2 uptake than annual crop: 556 vs. 89 g c m −2 yr−1. • The perennial system also retained a larger share of up-taken C than the annual system. • After removing harvest-C, perennial crop showed much greater net ecosystem C balance. • Temperature and precipitation emerged as key controls on net ecosystem exchange. • Evapotranspiration and water use-efficiency were similar between the two crops. Interest in novel perennial grain crops has increased as a sustainable alternative to conventional annual grain crops due to their improved carbon (C) sequestration and water use efficiency potentials. This study quantified carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water fluxes over contrasting cropping systems: a perennial crop (i.e., Secale cereale L. × S. montanum Guss cv. ACE-1 perennial rye) vs. an annual crop (i.e., S. cereale L. cv. Gazelle spring rye). The experiment was conducted over two growing seasons (May to October) using eddy covariance system measurements in two adjacent 4-ha fields in Breton, Alberta, Canada. Substantially greater uptake of atmospheric C was observed in the perennial crop compared to the annual crop, as shown by growing season net ecosystem CO 2 exchange of 556 g C m−2 yr−1 in the perennial crop vs. only 89 g C m−2 yr−1 in the annual crops. Net ecosystems carbon balances (NECB) of -60 and 448 g C m−2 were either C neutral or C gain in perennial crops, while NECB of -263 and -336 g C m−2 in annual crops were C losses during the two growing seasons. Overall, the ecosystem carbon use efficiency of the perennial crop was also greater than that of the annual crops. In addition to the longer growing period of the perennial crop, which enhanced the cumulative C captured via photosynthesis, the greater CO 2 sink was attributed to relatively lower ecosystem respiration, which was influenced by soil temperature sensitivity, reduced soil disturbance, and soil moisture factors. Despite the perennial crop registering higher evapotranspiration (ET) at the beginning of growing season, the overall cumulative ET and the associated ecosystems-water use efficiency were similar between the two crops. As such, the perennial crop enhanced atmospheric CO 2 sink compared to annual crop, whereas the terrestrial water balance was similar between two crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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308. Efecto de la nutrición orgánica y mineral en el cuajado de frutos en flores pistiladas inducidas de (Plukenetia volubilis L.)
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Ochantes Flores, Ruben and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Sacha Inchi ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Pistiladas - Abstract
La investigación se llevó a cabo en el predio rural de propiedad del señor Julio Huamán Tapullima, ubicado en la jurisdicción del caserío de Bellavista, distrito de Pinto Recodo y provincia de Lamas, con el objeto de evaluar el efecto de abonos orgánico-mineral y variables edafoclimáticas sobre el cuajado, peso y uniformidad de frutos en flores pistiladas inducidas del cultivo de “Sacha Inchi” (Plukenetia volubilis L.). Se utilizó el diseño estadístico de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA), cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, la densidad de siembra fue de 1333 plantas.ha-1, a un distanciamiento de siembra de 3 x 2.5 m, el área experimental fue de 1,997.5 m² conformada por 4 bloques empleando un total de 192 plantas. Los tratamientos fueron: 3 l.ha-1 Folcisteína, 300 g.planta-1 (400 kg.ha-1) Carbonatita y 3 l.ha-1 CaB-Zinc.ha-1, la información obtenida fue procesada a través del sofware estadístico de Excel 2013, en la tabla de cálculo, a un nivel de confianza del 95% y los promedios de tratamientos fueron sometidos a la Prueba de Rangos Múltiples de Duncan (α=0.05). Los indicadores evaluados fueron: número de flores pistiladas, número de frutos cuajados, tamaño de frutos secos, peso de frutos secos, peso de granos por fruto, rendimiento kg.ha-1 y análisis económico. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el T2 (400 kg.ha-1 de Carbonatita), tuvo diferencias estadísticas significativas, logrando resultados superiores en el número de inflorescencias por rama, número de frutos cuajados, peso de frutos secos, peso de granos por fruto, rendimiento y beneficio económico con valores promedios de 7.75, 5.75, 16.05, 5.7, 4 678.83 kg.ha-1 año-1 y 57.47%, respectivamente. Mas no para el tamaño de frutos secos, donde el T1 (3 l.ha-1 Folcisteína), tuvo mejore resultado con 5.65 cm. The following investigation was carried out in the rural property owned by Julio Huamán Tapullima, located in the jurisdiction of the hamlet of Bellavista, district of Pinto Recodo and Lamas province, in order to evaluate the effect of organic-mineral fertilizers and variable edaphoclimatics on fruit set, weight and uniformity in pistillate flowers induced by the cultivation of "Sacha Inchi" (Plukenetia volubilis L.). We used the statistical design of completely random blocks (DBCA), four treatments and four repetitions, the planting density was 1333 plants.ha-1, at a planting distance of 3 x 2.5 m, the experimental area was 1,997.5 m² conformed by 4 blocks employing a total of 192 plants. The treatments were: 3 l.ha-1 Folcisteína, 300 g.planta-1 (400 kg.ha-1) Carbonatita and 3 l.ha-1 CaB-Zinc.ha-1, the information obtained was processed through the Statistical software of Excel 2013, in the calculation table, at a confidence level of 95% and the averages of treatments were subjected to the Duncan Multiple Range Test (α = 0.05). The indicators evaluated were: number of pistillate flowers, number of fruits set, size of nuts, weight of nuts, and weight of grains per fruit, yield kg.ha-1 and economic analysis. The obtained results indicate that the T2 (400 kg.ha-1 of Carbonatite), had significant statistical differences, achieving superior results in the number of inflorescences per branch, number of fruits set, weight of nuts, weight of grains per fruit, yield and economic benefit with average values of 7.75, 5.75, 16.05, 5.7, 4 678.83 kg.ha-1 year-1 and 57.47%, respectively. But not for the size of nuts, where the T1 (3 l.ha-1 Folcisteína), had better result with 5.65 cm.
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- 2019
309. How could simulated dewatering of slurry mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from fall and spring injections? – A modelling study in a Chernozem soil in Western Canada.
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Lin, Sisi, Mezbahuddin, Symon, Grant, Robert, and Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
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- 2021
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310. Efecto de tres bioestimulantes orgánicos en el crecimiento y desarrollo de plantones de café (Coffea arabica), variedad catimor, bajo condiciones de vivero distrito de Shunté, provincia de Tocache
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Torres Lopez, Jaime Rafael and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Plantones de café ,Aplicación foliar ,Biomasa fresca ,Bioestimulante orgánico ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
El trabajo de investigación tuvo como hipótesis principal que los bioestimulantes foliares orgánicos tienen influencia que favorecen el crecimiento y desarrollo de los plantones de café (Coffea arabica), variedad Catimor bajo condiciones de vivero en el distrito de Shunte, provincia de Tocache. También tuvo como objetivo general de evaluar la eficiencia de los bioestimulantes orgánicos foliar en el crecimiento y desarrollo de plantones de café (Coffea arabica) variedad Catimor bajo condiciones de vivero en el distrito de shunte, provincia de Tocache. La investigación fue realizada en el Fundo “Metal”, de propiedad del señor Clemente Ávila Melgarino, ubicado en el sector Caserío Metal, distrito de Shunté - Tocache, región - San Martín, Sector - Aeropuerto de Tananta. Ubicación geográfica: Latitud: 8° 11’ 20’’, Longitud: 76° 30’ 57’’, Altitud: 2300 m.s.n.m.m y Zona de vida: Bosque húmedo tropical (bh-T). Se utilizó el diseño estadístico de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con cuatro bloques, cinco tratamientos y con 20 unidades experimentales. Las dosis empleadas fueron: T0 (testigo), T1 (Aminofol 500 ml/cilindro 200 L), T2 (Aminosil 500 ml/cilindro 200 L), T3 (Orgabiol 500 ml/cilindro 200 L). y concluye de la siguiente manera: con las aplicaciones foliares de Aminosil a una dosis 500 ml/cilindro 200 L (T2), Aminofol a una dosis de 500 ml/cilindro 200 L (T1) y Orgabiol a una 500 ml/cilindro 200 L (T3) aplicadas cada 15 días y en cuatro oportunidades se obtuvieron promedios superiores estadísticamente al Tratamiento T0 (testigo) en la altura de planta entre 44,1% y 38,4%; pares de hojas verdaderas entre 23,5% y 20,4%; longitud de la hoja entre 40,4% y 33,3%; longitud de raíces entre 29,8% y 22,9%. The main hypothesis of the research work was that organic leaf biostimulants have an influence that favor the growth and development of coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica), Catimor variety under nursery conditions in Shunte district, Tocache province. The general objective was also to evaluate the efficiency of foliar organic biostimulants in the growth and development of coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica) Catimor variety under nursery conditions in the district of Shunte, Tocache province. The investigation was carried out in the Fundo "Metal", owned by Mr. Clemente Ávila Melgarino, located in the hamlet Metal, district of Shunté - Tocache, region - San Martín, Sector - Tananta Airport. Geographic location: Latitude: 8 ° 11 '20' ', Longitude: 76 ° 30' 57 '', Altitude: 2300 m.s.n.m. and Living area: Tropical humid forest (bh-T). The completely randomized block statistical design (DBCA) was used with four blocks, five treatments and 20 experimental units. The doses used were: T0 (control), T1 (Aminofol 500 ml / cylinder 200 L), T2 (Aminosil 500 ml / cylinder 200 L), T3 (Orgabiol 500 ml / cylinder 200 L). and concludes as follows: with the foliar applications of Aminosil at a dose 500 ml / cylinder 200 L (T2), Aminofol at a dose of 500 ml / cylinder 200 L (T1) and Orgabiol at 500 ml / cylinder 200 L (T3) applied every 15 days and on four occasions statistically higher averages were obtained for the T0 Treatment (control) in the plant height between 44.1% and 38.4%; true leaf pairs between 23.5% and 20.4%; leaf length between 40.4% and 33.3%; root length between 29.8% and 22.9%.
- Published
- 2018
311. Control biológico de Burkholderia glumae en el cultivo de arroz variedad INIA 509 La Esperanza E.E.A – INIA, San Martín
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Leon Garcia, Henry Cristian and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Arroz ,Control ,Determinar ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Incidencia ,Burkholderia glumae ,Tratamientos - Abstract
El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la combinación de aplicación más efectiva en el control biológico de Burkholderia glumae en el cultivo de arroz variedad INIA 509 La Esperanza, para la evaluación se contó con 9 combinaciones de aplicación (Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma harzianum y Bacillus subtilis) en los diferentes estadios fenológicos del cultivo de arroz en la Estación Experimental Agraria “EL PORVENIR” – INIA – Provincia de San Martín, se hizo uso del número de panojas efectivas a los 120 DDT, número de panojas no efectivas a los 120 DDT, rendimiento en kg.ha-1 y con un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) para las variables altura de planta y número de macollos a los 120 DDT. Para determinar la variancia se utilizó niveles de confianza de 1% y 5% y para la Prueba de Rangos Múltiples de Duncan un nivel de confianza de 5%. Es así que los mejores resultados a nivel de efectividad en el control biológico de Burkholderia glumae en el cultivo de arroz, fueron obtenidos por la aplicación del tratamiento T8, seguido de los tratamientos T4 con 0,17% y 0,18% respectivamente. Por otro lado, los productos a base de controladores biológicos (Tricox, Biosplent) logra un buen control de la bacteria Burkholderia glumae a la dosis de 1Kg/ha en desinfección de suelo, semilla, almácigo según los resultados obtenidos con los tratamientos T1 y T2 donde se obtuvieron los mejores promedios en la incidencia de Burkholderia glumae con 0,11%, 0,14% y 0,15%. El producto de acción bactericida Green Star previene y controla muy bien a Burkholderia glumae por su carga de nutrientes que posee y a los metabolitos secundarios como ingrediente activo bactericida. Tomando de referencia los promedios obtenidos en el Testigo absoluto (T9), los bajos valores de la incidencia de Burkholderia glumae no han permitido resultados respuesta de relevancia en el número de panojas efectivas a los 120 DDT, Rendimiento en kg.ha-1, altura de planta y número de macollos a los 120 DDT. En el análisis económico se concluye que el beneficio/costo de la producción resulta mayor en el tratamiento T1 con 1,34 frente a los demás tratamientos. The research work aimed to determine the most effective application combination in the biological control of Burkholderia glumae in the rice crop variety INIA 509 La Esperanza, for the evaluation there were 9 application combinations (Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis) in the different phenological stages of rice cultivation at the Agricultural Experiment Station "EL PORVENIR" - INIA - Province of San Martín, the number of effective panicles was used at 120 DDT, number of panicles not effective at 120 DDT , yield in kg.ha-1 and with a completely random design (DCA) for the variables height of plant and number of tillers at 120 DDT. To determine the variance, confidence levels of 1% and 5% were used and for the Duncan Multiple Range Test a confidence level of 5%. Thus, the best results at the level of effectiveness in the biological control of Burkholderia glumae in rice cultivation were obtained by the application of the T8 treatment, followed by the T4 treatments with 0.17% and 0.18% respectively. On the other hand, products based on biological controllers (Tricox, Biosplent) achieve good control of the Burkholderia glumae bacteria at a dose of 1Kg / ha in soil, seed, seedling disinfection according to the results obtained with treatments T1 and T2 where the best averages in the incidence of Burkholderia glumae were obtained with 0.11%, 0.14% and 0.15%. The Green Star bactericidal action product prevents and controls Burkholderia glumae very well because of its nutrient load and secondary metabolites as a bactericidal active ingredient. Taking as reference the averages obtained in the Absolute Witness (T9), the low values of the incidence of Burkholderia glumae have not allowed relevant response results in the number of effective panicles at 120 DDT, Yield in kg.ha-1, height of plant and number of tillers at 120 DDT. The economic analysis concludes that the benefit / cost of production is greater in the T1 treatment with 1.34 compared to the other treatments.
- Published
- 2018
312. Evaluación de registros fenológicos Plukenetia polyadenia (Müller. arg., 1865) en condiciones ex situ, en el fundo pucayacu del IIAP sector Bello Horizonte - Banda de Shilcayo-provincia de San Martín-Perú
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Sandoval Cachique, Livis Janeth and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Evaluación ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
Este estudio se realizó en la Región San Martín – Bello horizonte, donde se ubica el Centro Experimental “Pucayacu” del IIAP-Tarapoto. En la cual se desarrollan acciones orientadas en la búsqueda de alternativas tecnológicas de diferentes cultivos, entre ellos el cultivo de sacha inchi. Bajo este enfoque, en el presente trabajo de investigación se elaboró el registro fenológico de Plukenetia polyadenia (Müller.Arg,1865), de plantones obtenidas a través de propagacion por estacas listos para el campo definitivo, para realizar los respectivos registros fenológicos empesando desde el día del trasplante a campo definitivo.Empleando el tipo de investigacion descriptiva, evaluandoce directamente del campo experimental las características fenotípicas y las fases fenológicas de Plukenetia polyadenia (Müller.Arg,1865),a partir de casos individuales (muestra) y en su ambiente natural(Leady, 1985), considerandoce como estadígrafos de atencion al promedio como medida de tendencia central , la desviacion estandar (Sx) y al coeficinte de variabilidad (C.V).
- Published
- 2017
313. Influencia del ácido -3- indol butírico y tipo de sustrato en el enraizamiento de plukenetia carolís- vegae en la provincia de San Martín-Perú
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Paredes Del Aguila, Patricia and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Butírico ,Influencia ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
This reseªrch ªims specificªJJy tº determine the highest ªºº best effect .of rooting Plukenetia carolis-vegae (Bussmann et al., 2013), through four doses of acid indole- 3-butyric and two types of substrates chªmbers sub irrigªtiQn in th~ proving3 Qf ~n Martin. This research was conducted at the premises of the Research lnstitute of the Peruvian Amazon llAP ,. S~m f\,11artin, 19_c~t~
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- 2016
314. Influencia del ácido -3- indol butírico y tipo de sustrato en el enraizamiento de plukenetia huayllabambana en cámaras de sub irrigación en la provincia de San Martín
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Angulo Rios, Gianfraco and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Butírico ,Influencia ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
This research has the specific purpose of determining the highest and best answer rooting Plukenetia huayl/abambana (Bussmann et al., 2009), through four doses of acid indole-3-butyric and two types of substrates cameras sub irrigation in the province of San Martín. This research was conducted at the premises of the Research lnstitute of the Peruvian Amazon llAP - San Martin, located in the district of Morales, province and department of San Martín; UTM coordinates of which they are N 9283654 and 0347742 E and at an altitude of 332 m.s.n.m.m. For the implementation of this research design was completely randomized factorial arrangement 4 x 2 (4 doses of AIB and 2 types of substrate) with 3 replications and 12 cuttings per experimental unit. The results obtained in the field were processed using the statistical program insfostat. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and subjected to the Tukey test with a significance level (p
- Published
- 2016
315. Evaluación del comportamiento fenológico y de producción del sacha inchi, especie Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), en el fundo Pucayacu del IIAP – Bello Horizonte San Martín - Perú
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Santa Cruz Rodas, Eldin and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Rendimiento ,Plukenetia loretensis ,Propagadas vegetativamente ,Sacha inchi ,Comportamiento fenológico ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Producción ,Ecotipos - Abstract
Informe de tesis titulado: Evaluación del comportamiento fenológico y de producción del sacha inchi, especie Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), en el fundo Pucayacu del IIAP – Bello Horizonte San Martín – Perú, tuvo como objetivo de evaluar y determinar el comportamiento agronómico y su incidencia en la producción de la especie Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), frente a las cinco accesiones de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) conocidas en la región San Martín, los componentes estudiados fue la Especie de sacha inchi (Plukenetia loretensis) y el Ecotipos de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.), las variables estudiadas fueron Inicio de floración, Inicio de fructificación, Inicio de cosecha, Número de cápsulas cosechadas por planta, Peso de cápsulas cosechadas por planta (g), Peso de 100 semillas (g), Rendimiento de almendras por planta (Kg) llegando a la conclusión que bajo condiciones de bosque seco tropical Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), tiende a producir periodos tardíos en las variables del inicio de la floración, inicio de la fructificación e inicio de la cosecha, quienes obtuvieron valores promedios de 120, 150 y 181 días después del trasplante, respectivamente, en relación a los cinco ecotipos de Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) propagadas vegetativamente y dentro del rango de plantas propagadas botánicamente. Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), reportó mayor número de cápsulas cosechadas por planta con 451 en un tiempo de seis meses y un día, en comparación a los cinco ecotipos de Sacha Inchi, que obtuvieron 170 cápsulas cosechadas por planta (CCP) para Mishquiyacu, seguido de los ecotipos Pinto Recodo, Shica, Chazuta y Sauces con 133, 145, 115 y 116 CCP, respectivamente. Thesis report entitled: Evaluation of the phenological and production behavior of the sacha inchi, species Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), in the Pucayacu farm of the IIAP - Bello Horizonte San Martín - Peru, had as objective to evaluate and determine the agronomic behavior and its incidence in the production of the species Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), compared to the five accessions of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) known in the San Martín region, the components studied were the species of sacha inchi (Plukenetia loretensis) and the Ecotypes of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.), the variables studied were Beginning of flowering, Beginning of fruiting, Beginning of harvest, Number of capsules harvested per plant, Weight of capsules harvested per plant (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g ), Yield of almonds per plant (Kg) reaching the conclusion that under conditions of tropical dry forest Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), tends to produce late periods in l The variables of the beginning of flowering, beginning of fruiting and beginning of harvest, who obtained average values of 120, 150 and 181 days after transplantation, respectively, in relation to the five ecotypes of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) vegetatively propagated and within the range of botanically propagated plants. Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), reported a greater number of capsules harvested per plant with 451 in a time of six months and one day, compared to the five ecotypes of Sacha Inchi, which obtained 170 capsules harvested per plant (CCP) for Mishquiyacu, followed by the Pinto Recodo, Shica, Chazuta and Sauces ecotypes with 133, 145, 115 and 116 CCP, respectively.
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- 2015
316. Dosis de ácido -3- indolbutirico y tipo de estaquilla en el enraizamiento de plukeneita brachybotrya (Muller. Arg., 1865) en la provincia de San Martín
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Amasifuen Ramirez, Miguel Angel and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Ácido ,Indolbutirico ,Dosis ,Enraizamiento ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
In order to evaluate the rooting juvenile cuttings of Plukenetia brachybotrya (Müller. Arg., 1865 ), under the effect of four doses of acid indole -3 - butyric acid (O%, 0.2 %, 0.4 %, O, 6%), and three types of cuttings (basal • middle and apicaJ ) using propagators sub irrigation. The experimental nursery of the Research lnstitute of Peruvian Amazon (llAP) - San Martín was the trial site; using a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement 4A x 38, with three replicates and twelve cuttings per experimental unit. Rooting percentages AIB at a dose of 0.2% with 91% obtained at the end of the trial (30 days to settle in the propagator). In addition, that the type of basal, middle and apical cuttings showed no statisticaJ difference in their development, overall species can be easily rooted for the work of clonal propagation. Keywords: Plukenetia brachybotrya, vegetative propagation, rooting juvenile cuttings, cutting length, leaf area, sub chamber irrigation. Con el objetivo de evaluar el enraizamiento de estacas juveniles de Plukenetía brachybotrya (Müller. Arg., 1865), bajo el efecto de cuatro dosis de ácido-3-indol butírico (O%, 0,2 %, 0,4 %, 0,6 %), y tres tipos de estaquilla (basal, intermedia y apical) utilizando propagadores de sub irrigación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana (llAP)- San Martín; empleando un diseño completamente al azar con un arreglo factorial de 4A x 38, con tres repeticiones, y doce estacas por unidad experimental. Al término del ensayo (30 días de haberse establecidos en el propagador), se obtuvo porcentajes de enraizamiento a una dosis de AIB al 0,2 % con un 91 %; además que el tipo de estaquilla basal, intermedia y apical, no presentaron diferencia estadística en su desarrollo, en general la especie puede ser enraizada fácilmente para los trabajos de propagación clonal. Palabras claves: Plukenetía brachybotrya, propagación vegetativa, enraizamiento, estacas juveniles, longitud de estaca, área foliar, cámara de sub irrigación.
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- 2015
317. Efecto del ácido indolbutírico y tipo de estaquilla en el enraizamiento de plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), en la provincia de San Martín-Perú
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Ayvar Macedo, Juan Carlos and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Efecto ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Indolbutírico - Abstract
The test was carried out in the experimental nursery garden of the Research lnstitute of the Peruvian Amazon (llAP) - San Martín; using a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of 4 x 3, with three replicates per experimental and twelve stakes attached. Cuttings for juvenile wild relativa of wild relativas bank Plukenetia llAP Gender were u sed. The work was to evaluate the rooting juvenile cuttings of Plukenetia loretensis (Ule • 1908), in the province of San Martin, under the effect of tour doses of acid -3 - índole butyric acid (O % , 0.2 %, O , 4% , 0.6 %) , and three types of juvenile cuttings (basal, intermediate and apical) using propagators sub irrigation. At the end of the test (30 days after established in the propagator), rooting percentages AIB at a dose of 0.2% with a 82.65 % and type of juvenile cuttings (middle) was obtained in overall, the species can be easily rooted for the work of clonal propagation. Keywords: Plukenetia /oretensis, Plukenetia, vegetativa propagation, rooting juvenile cuttings, middle, chamber sub irrigation. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (llAP) - San Martín; empleando un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial de 4 x 3, con tres repeticiones, y doce estacas por unida experimental. Para se utilizó el estacas juveniles del pariente silvestre del banco de parientes silvestre del Genero Plukenetia del llAP El trabajo consistió en evaluar el enraizamiento de estacas juveniles de Plukenetia loretensis (Ule, 1908), en la provincia de San Martin, bajo el efecto de cuatro dosis de ácido-3-indol butírico (O %, 0,2 %, 0,4 %, 0,6 %), y tres tipos de estacas juveniles (Basal, Intermedia y Apical) utilizando propagadores de sub irrigación. Al término del ensayo (30 días) de haberse establecidos en el propagador), se obtuvo porcentajes de enraizamiento a una dosis de AIB al 0,2 o/o con un 82.65 o/o y con la estaquilla intermedia, la especie puede ser enraizada fácilmente para los trabajos de propagación clonal. Palabras claves: Plukenetia loretensis, propagación vegetativa, enraizamiento, estacas juveniles, intermedia, cámara de sub irrigación, acido 3 indul butírico.
- Published
- 2015
318. Influencia de longitud de estacas y niveles de área foliar en el enraizamiento de Plukenetia brachybotrya (Mûller. Arg., 1865) en cámaras de sub irrigación en Tarapoto
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Freitas Chisquipama, Warren, Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo, and Cachique Huansi, Danter
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Area foliar ,Enraizamiento ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Plukenetia brachybotrya ,Estacas - Abstract
Influencia de longitud de estacas juveniles y niveles de área foliar en el enraizamiento de Plukenetia brachybotrya (Mùll. Arg., 1865) en cámaras de sub irrigación en Tarapoto Las semillas de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), conocido comúnmente como ‘maní de los incas’, poseen altos niveles de proteínas y ácidos grasos insaturados por lo que su demanda en el mercado mundial es cada vez mayor. En ese sentido se viene impulsando los trabajos de mejoramiento genético y parte de los trabajos son el estudio de sus parientes silvestres como es el caso de Plukenetia brachybotrya como parte del proceso de domesticación. El presente estudio, se determinó un protocolo de propagación vegetativa para Plukenetia brachybotrya empleando un diseño bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial de 3A x 4B evaluando tres longitudes de estacas juveniles (4, 8 y 12 cm) y cuatro áreas foliares (0, 25, 50 y 100 cm2), empleando una concentración de 2000 ppm de ácido indol butírico para todos los tratamientos. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza y las medias fueron comparadas mediante la prueba de Tukey (P < 0.05). Los resultados mostraron que el uso de cámaras de sub irrigación, empelando estacas de 12 cm de longitud con 50 cm2 de área foliar, y 2000 ppm de AIB inducen altos porcentajes de enraizamiento (93.3 %) ocasionando un mayor desarrollo radicular en la propagación vegetativa de este pariente silvestre. Influence of length of juvenile cuttings and levels of leaf área on the rooting of de Plukenetia brachybotrya (Mùll. Arg., 1865) in sub irrigated chambers in Tarapoto The seeds of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), commonly known as peanut of the incas, have high levels of protein and unsaturated fatty acids, which is why their demand in the world market is increasing. In this sense, genetic improvement work has been promoted and part of the work is the study of its wild relatives, such as Plukenetia brachybotrya as part of the domestication process. In the present study, a vegetative propagation protocol for Plukenetia brachybotrya was determined using a randomized complete block design with a 3A x 4B factorial arrangement, evaluating three lengths of juvenile cuttings (4, 8 and 12 cm) and four leaf areas (0, 25. 50 and 100 cm2), using a concentration of 2000 ppm of indole butyric acid for all treatments. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared using Tuke`s test (P < 0.05). The results showed that the use of sub-irrigation chambers, using 12 cm long stakes with 50 cm2 leaf area, and 2000 ppm of AIB induce high rooting percentages (93.3%), causing greater root development in the vegetative propagation of wild relative.
- Published
- 2014
319. Influencia de cepas de trichoderma sp endofito en el crecimiento, nutrición y resistencia foliar a phytophthora palmivora en plantones de cacao (theobroma cacao L.) en San Martín
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Pichis Garcia, Roger Aban Hader and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Nutrición ,Resistencia ,Influencia ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Crecimiento - Abstract
This research has developed in the field of plant pathology at the lnstitute of Tropical Crops - Tarapoto (ICT - T) located in Shilcayo district, province and region of San Martin - Peru. This study aimed to determine the influence of strains of Trichoderma sp endophyte on growth, foliar nutrition and resistance to Phytophthora palmivora in cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) in the greenhouse, using cocoa IMC- 67 clone. 14 treatments were considerad, of which four of them used individual strains of Trichoderma Nº. 17, 22, 91 and 126, is also conducted strain combinations in dual form in six treatments was conducted also a combination of all strains (Treatment 11) and used three controls (Treatments 12, 13 and 14). In this research, we conducted three inoculations with strains of Trichoderma sp via drench, the first day of planting, the second at 45 days after sowing (dds), and the third was at 90 dds, using a suspension of 1x106 cfu/g soil. To obtain the results were evaluated, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, total biomass, nutrient content and leaf resistance to Phytophthora palmivora, which was used discs leaves inoculated with drops containing zoosporas density 2x105 mr1 . The results of this study show that Treatment 4 (TE -126), obtained better results, being a biological alternativa for the control of Phytophthora palmivora, making this study, a large contribution to organic agricultura. Keywords: Trichoderma, inoculation, strains, Phytophthora, leaf resistance. Este trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en el área de fitopatología del Instituto de Cultivos Tropicales - Tarapoto (ICT - T), ubicado en el distrito de la Banda de Shilcayo, provincia y región San Martín - Perú. Se tuvo como objetivo, determinar la influencia de cepas de Trichoderma sp endófito en el crecimiento, nutrición y resistencia foliar a Phytophthorapalmivora en plantones de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) en invernadero, usando el clon de cacao IMC-67. Se consideró 14 tratamientos, de los cuales, en cuatro de ellos se usó de forma individual las cepas de Trichoderma Nº 17, 22, 91 y 126; se realizó además combinaciones de cepas en forma dual en seis tratamientos, se realizó también una combinación de todas las cepas (Tratamiento 11) y se usó tres controles (Tratamientos 12, 13 y 14 ). En la investigación, se realizaron tres inoculaciones con cepas de Trichoderma sp vía drench, la primera el día de la siembra, la segunda a los 45 días después de la siembra (dds), y la tercera fue a los 90 dds, usando una suspensión de 1x106 ufc/g de suelo. Para la obtención de nuestros resultados se evaluó; altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, número de hojas; área foliar, longitud radicular, biomasa total, contenido nutricional y resistencia foliar a Phytophthora pa/mivora, en la cual se usó discos de hojas, inoculadas con gotas que contenían una densidad de zoosporas de 2x105mr1 . Los resultados de este estudio muestran que el Tratamiento 4 (T.E.-126), obtuvo mejores resultados, siendo una alternativa biológica, para el control de Phytophthorapalmivora; haciendo de este estudio, un gran aporte en la agricultura orgánica. Palabras clave: Trichoderma, inoculación, cepas, Phytophthora, resistencia foliar.
- Published
- 2013
320. Estudio de compatibilidad de cinco ecotipos promisorios de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis L.) en la región San Martín-Perú
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Noriega Valera, Hector and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Estudio ,Compatibilidad ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
This research seeks to determine a method of controlled pollination and get hybrids (F1), using controlled pollination in five of promising ecotypes inchi sacha (P/ukenetia volubilis L.)., San Martín Region in Peru. "The experiments were realized in the experimental areas of the lnstitute of lnvestigatión of Peruvian Amazon (UAP) - Experiment center "Pucayacu", located to Bello Horizonte 7 km from the city of Tarapoto, in the Banda de Shilcayo district, San Martín Province and Region. The statistical design used was a completely randomized (DCA) with 12 treatments (reciproca! crosses), consisting of five (05) repetitions. The results showed that the 12 treatments (reciproca! crosses) are compatible to oneself, emphasizing the treatment Ta (Q o B x C) with better results in the capsule of 0 (47,51 mm), 0 seeds (20.06 mm) , capsule weight (8,37 g), shell weight (3,74 g), seed weight (4,80 g) and 100 seed weight (109,33 g), respectively, compared with treatments T1 (Ax C o Q ) in the capsule of 0 (34,80 mm), 0 seeds (14,04 mm) of husk weight (2,47 g), and treatment T10 (A x E o Sj?), referred to the weight of capsule (4, 55g), seed weight (2,09 g) and 100 seed weight (52,47 g) respectively. For controlled pollination metods was determined that the metod is the most efficient straw that got the highest number of fruits fertilized with an average of 9,07 fruits I pollinated flowers ten, achieving a 90,70% fertilization compared with the technique of the brush that was an average of 5,52 fruits fertilized I ten pollinated flowers, with a 55,20% fertilization. El presente trabajo de investigación busca determinar un método de polinización controlada y obtener híbridos (F1 ), mediante polinización controlada en cinco ecotipos promisorios de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.); en la región San Martín -Perú". Los experimentos se realizaron en los campos experimentales del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana (llAP) - Centro Experimental "Pucayacu", ubicado en el sector Bello Horizonte a 7 Km. de la ciudad de Tarapoto, distrito de La Banda de Shilcayo, Provincia y Región de San Martín. El diseño estadístico empleado fue un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) con 12 tratamientos (cruces reciprocas), constituido por cinco (05) repeticiones. Los resultados demostraron que los 12 tratamientos (cruces recíprocas) son compatibles entre sí, destacando el tratamiento T8 (Sj2 B x C O') con mejores resultados en el 0 de capsula (47,51 mm), 0 semilla (20,06 mm), peso de capsula (8,37g), peso de cáscara (3,74g)., peso de semilla (4,80g) y peso de 100 semillas (109,33g) respectivamente, comparando con los tratamientos T7 (Sj2 A x C O') en el 0 de capsula (34,80 mm), 0 semiHa (14,04 mm) peso de cáscara (2,47g), y el tratamiento T1o (Sj2 A x E 3), referido al peso de capsula (4,55g), peso de semilla{2,09g) y peso de 100 semillas (52,47g) respectivamente. Para los métodos de polinización controlada se determino que la técnica del sorbete es la mas eficiente por que obtuvo el mayor Número de frutos fecundados con un promedio de 9.,07 frutos/ cada 1 O flores polinizadas, logrando un 90,70% de fecundación, comparada con la técnica del pincel que obtuvo un promedio de 5,52 de frutos fecundados/ cada 1 O flores polinizadas, obteniendo un 55,20% de fecundación.
- Published
- 2011
321. Evaluación del crecimiento de especies forestales en plantaciones para recuperación de áreas degradadas en la Región San Martín 2009
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Sanchez Angulo, Jose Isaias and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Reforestación ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.07.00 [https] ,Especies forestales - Abstract
This research paper presents information obtained during the months of January to December 2009, conducted with the aim of raising awareness of the importance of carrying out assessments of forest growth in the region of San Martin, so better decisions are taken management of forest plantations, as this investigation we will acknowledge that forest species are adapted quickly to different climates, soils, etc. to recover degraded areas. Assessments made after growth of forest species in the study areas, we can state that must perform maintenance and management of plantations evaluated and used in reforestation programs forest species Teak (Tectona grandis) for its good growth all areas assessed. We can see that the diameter and height of 20 plants of each tree species tested, better growth was obtained and an increase in forest species of Teak (Tectona grandis) with DBH of 9.49 cm and a height of 6.85m, and increased DBH of 0.64 cm and a height of 0.32 m Bolaina (Guazuma crinita) with DBH of 9.87 cm and a height of 6.86 m, and DAP increased from 0.55 cm and a height of 0.36 m, in the Province of Lamas - Alliance , The diameter and height of 20 plants of each tree species tested, better growth was obtained in the pink cedar forest species (Agrocarpus flaxinifolius) with DBH of 8.46 cm and a height of 6.39 m, and the species best increase had been the Shaina (Colubrina glandulosa) with DBH of 1.04 cm and a height of 0.62 m, in the province of San Martin - Tarapoto, the diameter and height of 20 plants of each forest species evaluated, better growth was obtained in the forest species Teak (Tectona grandis) with DBH of 4.23 cm and a height of 3.46 m, and DAP increased 0.27 cm and a height of 0.15 m in the province of Rioja, the diameter and height of 20 plants of the forest Teak (Tectona grandis) evaluated, showed a growth of DAP, 7.68 cm and a height of 6.17 m, and DAP increased 0.22 cm and a height of 0.15 m. In the province of Mariscal Cáceres (Juanjui) diameter and height of 20 plants of the forest species Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) evaluated, showed a growth of DBH of 9.15 cm and a height of 5.84 m. and DAP increased 0.10 cm and a height of 0.06 m. In the province of Huallaga (Saposoa). El presente trabajo de investigación, presenta información obtenidas durante los meses de Enero a Diciembre del 2009, realizado con el propósito de dar a conocer la importancia de realizar evaluaciones de crecimiento de especies forestales en la Región San Martín, de esta manera se tomaran mejores decisiones para el manejo de plantaciones forestales, ya que este trabajo de investigación nos dará a conocer que especies forestales se adecuan rápidamente a los diferentes climas, suelos, etc. para poder recuperar áreas degradadas. Luego de realizada las evaluaciones de crecimiento de especies forestales en las áreas de estudios, podemos indicar que se debe realizar el mantenimiento y manejo de las plantaciones evaluadas y utilizar en los programas de reforestación la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) por su buen crecimiento en todas las áreas evaluadas. Podemos ver que el diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento e incremento en las especies forestales de Teca (Tectona grandis) con un DAP de 9.49 cm y una altura de 6.85m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.64 cm y una altura de 0.32 m y Bolaina (Guazuma crinita) con un DAP de 9.87 cm y una altura de 6.86 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.55 cm y una altura de 0.36 m; en la Provincia de Lamas – Alianza; El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento en la especie forestal Cedro Rosado (Agrocarpus flaxinifolius) con un DAP de 8.46 cm y una altura de 6.39 m; y la especie que mejor incremento tuvo fue la Shaina (Colubrina glandulosa) con un DAP de 1.04 cm y una altura de 0.62 m; en la Provincia de San Martín – Tarapoto; el diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento en la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) con un DAP de 4.23 cm y una altura de 3.46 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.27 cm y una altura de 0.15 m en la Provincia de Rioja; El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) evaluada; presentó un crecimiento de DAP de 7.68 cm y una altura de 6.17 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.22 cm y un altura de 0.15 m. En la Provincia de Mariscal Cáceres (Juanjui); El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de la especie forestal Caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) evaluada; presentó un crecimiento de DAP de 9.15 cm y una altura de 5.84 m. y un incremento de DAP de 0.10 cm y un altura de 0.06 m. En la Provincia de Huallaga (Saposoa). Tesis
- Published
- 2010
322. Evaluación del crecimiento de especies forestales en plantaciones para recuperación de áreas degradadas en la región San Martín
- Author
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Sanchez Angulo, Jose Isaias and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Evaluación ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.07.00 [https] ,Martín ,Forestales ,Especies ,Recuperación ,Crecimiento ,Degradadas ,Región ,Áreas ,Plantaciones - Abstract
This research paper presents information obtained during the months of January to December 2009, conducted with the aim of raising awareness of the importance of carrying out assessments of forest growth in the region of San Martín, so better decisions are taken management of forest plantations, as this investigation we will acknowledge that forest species are adapted quickly to different climates, soils, etc. to recover degraded areas. Assessments made after growth of forest species in the study areas, we can state that must perform maintenance and management of plantations evaluated and used in reforestation programs forest species Teak (Tectona grandis) for its good growth all areas assessed. We can see that the diameter and height of 20 plants of each tree species tested, better growth was obtained andan increase in forest species ofTeak (Tectona grandis) with DBH of9.49 cm and a height of 6.85m, and increased DBH of 0.64 cm and a height of 0.32 m Bolaina (Guazuma crinita) with DBH of 9.87 cm and a height of 6.86 m, and DAP increased from 0.55 cm anda height of 0.36 m, in the Province of Lamas- Alliance, The diameter and height of 20 plants of each tree species tested, better growth was obtained in the pink cedar forest species (Agrocarpus flaxinifolius) with DBH of 8.46 cm anda height of 6.39 m, and the species best increase had been the Shaina (Colubrina glandulosa) with DBH of 1.04 cm and a height of 0.62 m, in the province of San Martin - Tarapoto, the diameter and height of 20 plants of each forest species evaluated, better growth was obtained in the forest species Teak (Tectona grandis) with DBH of 4.23 cm anda height of 3.46 m, and DAP increased 0.27 cm and a height of 0.15 m in the province of Rioja, the diameter and height of 20 plants of the forest Teak (Tectona grandis) evaluated, showed a growth of DAP, 7.68 cm and a height of 6.17 m, and DAP increased 0.22 cm and a height of 0.15 m. In the province of Mariscal Cáceres (Juanjui) diameter and height of 20 plants of the forest species Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) evaluated, showed a growth ofDBH of9.15 cm anda height of 5.84 m. and DAP increased 0.10 cm anda height of 0.06 m. In the province of Huallaga (Saposoa). El presente trabajo de investigación, presenta información obtenidas durante los meses de Enero a Diciembre del2009, realizado con el propósito de dar a conocer la importancia de realizar evaluaciones de crecimiento de especies forestales en la Región San Martín, de esta manera se tomaran mejores decisiones para el manejo de plantaciones forestales, ya que este trabajo de investigación nos dará a conocer que especies forestales se adecuan rápidamente a los diferentes climas, suelos, etc. para poder recuperar áreas degradadas. Luego de realizada las evaluaciones de crecimiento de especies forestales en las áreas de estudios, podemos indicar que se debe realizar el mantenimiento y manejo de las plantaciones evaluadas y utilizar en los programas de reforestación la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) por su buen crecimiento en todas las áreas evaluadas. Podemos ver que el diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento e incremento en las especies forestales de Teca (Tectona grandis) con un DAP de 9.49 cm y una altura de 6.85m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.64 cm y una altura de 0.32 m y Bolaina (Guazuma crinita) con un DAP de 9.87 cm y una altura de 6.86 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.55 cm y una altura de 0.36 m; en la Provincia de Lamas - Alianza; El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento en la especie forestal Cedro Rosado (Agrocarpus jlaxinifolius) ·con un DAP de 8.46 cm y una altura de 6.39 m; y la especie que mejor incremento tuvo fue la Shaina (Colubrina glandulosa) con un DAP de 1.04 cm y una altura de 0.62 m; en la Provincia de San Martín- Tarapoto; el diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de cada especie forestal evaluadas; se obtuvo mejor crecimiento en la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) con un DAP de 4.23 cm y una altura de 3.46 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.27 cm y una altura de 0.15 m en la Provincia de Rioja; El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de la especie forestal Teca (Tectona grandis) evaluada; presentó un crecimiento de DAP de 7.68 cm y una altura de 6.17 m; y un incremento de DAP de 0.22 cm y un altura de 0.15 m. En la Provincia de Mariscal Cáceres (Juanjui); El diámetro y la altura de 20 plantas de la especie forestal Caoba (Swietenia macrophylla) evaluada; presentó un crecimiento de DAP de 9.15 cm y una altura de 5.84 m. y un incremento de DAP de 0.10 cm y un altura de 0.06 m. En la Provincia de Huallaga (Saposoa).
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- 2010
323. Evaluación del índice de calidad del agua en el área de influencia del botadero municipal de Tarapoto sector Yacucatina San Martin – Perú
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Vasquez Vasquez, Fernando, Vásquez Ramírez, Guillermo, and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Aguas residuales ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.08 [https] ,Residuos sólidos ,Coliformes termotolerantes - Abstract
Her lateral dominion coats capital his sensory development's the space motive and crushes importance in arder to 5 little boy to 7 years to be of the scheme it links up narrowly with the reading's learning and he notarizes it. Pérez (1986 ), he recommends taking into account human space a bidirectional space is presents for example in the writing, of the writing and of the reading. Sorne children present the left-handed side's predominance Toward the 4 years, than in the course of time tend to be told to (García Núñez, 1983 ). Other ones manifest the right-hand side's predominance, than also he will go away affirming at the merey of the mediate educational influence. Kephart ( 1960 ), he maintains that when driving abilities become general they must be well-established to be the foundation of the little boy in the organization perceptual and conceptual worldly; Therefore, join the driving coordination's deficiency he originates an intellectual disorder. The investigation. attempted like diagnosis in the initial lnstitution N 288 understanding the in need achievements in her development useful lateral dominion of the boys and girls as a salid point of reference in the prevention problems learning along the little boy's all the formative development. Being based on her theory Lateral dominion, once was based for Rigal ( 2006 ) we established understanding parameters of his development's process departting from the symmetric studio of the body definite .human systemicly step by step anatomic equals and symmetric, but in the course of time one gets to establish itself functional lateral dominion. We could be able to also establishing a basic differeñce existent among lateral dominion and develop lateral, beca use the first . corresponds to process for midway of which the little boy gets .J o prefer a segment on his symmetric pair, and seconds her dominion of a cerebral hemisphere on the other has to do with her. Our objective was to describe the development level of her !lateral dominion in her boys and girls LE.I N° 288 of Rioja's district in the year 2010, than completely they counted on 5 years elderly in 23 members'snumber of the valid population in arder to told institution. The investigation was adjusted to a descriptive desigr\ simple, having as support an observation chip in arder to the data's verification, the one that applied itself for two consecutive times. Data-processing limited to a simple indictment of the frequencies heeded in all of the indicators to value itself, turnning to arithmetical mean's calculation to assume the test of the hypothesis wherewith turned out well demonstrating existent a high level development level of her lateral dominion in the 5- yea.rs boys and girls elderly of her l. E.l N° 288 of Rioja's district in the year 201 O. Done that he configures one status optimal in the notion's development the . space as fundamental predecessor of the subsequent learnings · becoming manifest with to be in a world dominated precisely for people deft absolute predominance of the right-hand side as coincidence. · One of the most serious problems related to solid waste management in Peru is their final disposition. The solid waste management is summarized in a cycle that begins with the generation and accumulation time, continuing its collection, transport and transfer and ends with the final accumulation of them. The solid waste generated in the city of Tarapoto have the final disposal dump located in the sector "Yacucatina" approximately kilometer 25 of the cart Fernando Belaunde-South, which are deposited in an arbitrary manner, without application of any technical or monitoring method causing a serious environmental problem. By having direct contact with soil, contaminated waste to it, threatening groundwater, wetlands located near the dump site and thus, damaging the soil, subsoil, surface water quality and groundwater. That is why in this paper, we investigate the pollution caused by leachate from the measurement of water quality by taking some physical, chemical and bacteriological comparison with existing norms. The methodology of analysis took place according to the parameter to be analyzed according to international standards for the characterization of water quality (APHA-AWWA-WPCF, 1992) which are included in so-called "Standard Methods for the Examination of Waters and wastewater (Standard Methods For The Examination of Water and Wastewaster) and Water Quality Standards (ECA) established the Water Resources Act and standards INDECOPI Peruvian referred to water quality. With the results showed that all the sampled points are total coliform contamination and thermotolerant coliforms exceeding water quality standards. There is also contaminated with chromium and nickel in the leachate, which exceed the limits set in the DS N º 08-2009-MINAM, referring to the effluents of landfills or disposal facilities for solid waste. In the fifth sampling point there is presence of traces of nickel and mercury, which are within the limits set by the Water Quality Standards We also found that the physical and chemical and bacteriological occurring with greater intensity in leachate with respect to other sources in the area are: COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, hardness, nitrogen, chloride, chromium, nickel, mercury and total coliforms. Tracking contaminants in different bodies of water in the catchment area of the dump, set the trend in the contamination plume is in the direction of runoff of leachate to be generated starting from the very base of the dump. The assessment is one of the main elements of the study, after it is proposed the following measures and treatment of leachate for the proper management of solid waste generated in the city of Tarapoto. Tesis
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- 2010
324. Efecto de técnicas y sistemas de protección en la injertación de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis l.), bajo condiciones de vivero en San Martín
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Hidalgo Ganoza, Leonardo Miles Davis and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
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Plukenetia volubilis ,Propagación vegetativa ,Injerto ,Sistema de protección ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Técnica de injerto - Abstract
In the present experiment the effects of three techniques of grafting and three security systems on the ignition and growth of the graft in Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). The trial was conducted in the nursery of the Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana in San Martin; design using a randomized complete block with 3x3 factorial arrangement formed by nine treatments, four repetitions and experimental units of ten grafted plants. At the end of 45 days was a percentage of ignition of 100%, with barbed central, double tongue and splice protected with moist chamber. The technique of grafting is not influenced significantly, but showed better performances in central stinger. We conclude that it is possible graft sacha inchi using the technique of plectrum and the central system for protecting plastic bag under nursery conditions. En el presente trabajo se evaluó los efectos de tres técnicas de injertación y tres sistemas de protección sobre el prendimiento y crecimiento del injerto en Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). El ensayo se realizó en el vivero del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), San Martín; empleando un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3x3 conformado por nueve tratamientos, cuatro repeticiones y unidades experimentales de diez plantas injertadas. Al término de 45 días se obtuvo un porcentaje de prendim iento de 100%, con púa central, doble lengüeta y empalme protegido con “Bolsa Plástica”. Las técnicas de injertación no influyeron significativamente, no observando variabilidad en el comportamiento respecto a las variables evaluadas. Se concluye que es posible injertar sacha inchi empleando cualquiera de las tres técnicas de injertación púa central, empalme o doble lengüeta (dando preferencia a la técnica púa central o empalme por la facilidad en los cortes y amarre) con el sistema de protección bolsa plástica bajo condiciones de vivero.
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- 2009
325. Estudio de la variabilidad genética en poblaciones naturales de sacha inchi plukenetia volubilis L. (Euphorbiaceae) de la región San Martín
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Corazon Guivin, Mike Anderson, Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo, and Garcia Davila, Carmen Rosa
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Variabilidad genética del sacha inchi ,Importancia económica ,Información a nivel genético ,Polinización cruzada ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
In the Amazon area, the Euphorbiacea family is constituted by species of great economic importance such as sacha inchi Plukenetia volubilis L. (Linnaeus, 1753) Currently this species has been investigated concerning culture, but there is little about its genetic information, especially in natural populations. In this regard the present investigation tries to contribute to the knowledge of the genetic variability of sacha inchi in natural populations of the San Martín region. These populations were evaluated by means of the molecular technique DALP. A total of 83 samples collected in the localities of Havana (21), Shica (20), Cerro Alto (21) and Tununtunumba (21) was analyzed with the technique DALP “Direct Amplification of Length of Polymorphism”. From eight DALP markers used, three turned out to be informative (DALP221, DALP233 y DALP242), showing differences at an intra and inter-population level. The results of the AFC, index of fixation (average of Fst = 0.82) and genetic distance (average of D = 2.56) show that the four populations form independent genetic organizations. This could be attributed to the mixed pollinization system (autogamy and allogamy) present in this species. That would be acting preferably only between the individuals of each population, but not between different populations. At an intrapopulation level the population of Shica has the greatest genetic diversity (15 genotypes) of the four studied populations, which would be related to the great size and population density. This would favor the cross- fertilization, having as a consequence a greater genetic diversity. The high genetic diversity between the four populations of this species could be due to the absence of direct pollinizer insects as well as the presence of natural barriers and the geographic distance between them, which would be restricting the gene flow between the populations. En la Amazonía, la familia Euphorbiacea está constituida por especies de gran importancia económica como lo es el sacha inchi Plukenetia volubilis L. Actualmente esta especie viene siendo ampliamente investigada a nivel de cultivo, pero existe una reducida información a nivel genético, especialmente en poblaciones naturales. En este sentido, el presente estudio pretende contribuir al conocimiento de la variabilidad genética del sacha inchi en poblaciones naturales de la región San Martín, evaluadas mediante la técnica molecular DALP. Para lo cual, un total de 83 muestras fueron colectadas en las localidades de Habana (21), Shica (20), Cerro Alto (21) y Tununtunumba (21). El estudio fue basado en el análisis de ocho marcadores DALP; de los cuales, tres (DALP221, DALP233 y DALP242) resultaron ser informativos para esta especie, mostrando diferencias a nivel intra e interpoblacional. Los resultados del Análisis Factorial de Correspondencia (AFC), Índice de fijación (promedio de Fst = 0.83) y distancia genética (promedio de D = 2.56) muestran que las cuatro poblaciones estudiadas forman entidades genéticas independientes. Esto, podría ser atribuido al sistema mixto de polinización (autógamo y alógamo) presente en esta especie, que estaría actuando preferentemente dentro de cada población y no entre las poblaciones. A nivel intrapoblaciona, la población Shica presento la mayor diversidad genética (15 genotipos) entre las cuatro poblaciones estudiadas, lo cual estaría relacionado con el mayor tamaño y densidad poblacional, que favorecería la polinización cruzada, trayendo como consecuencia una mayor diversidad genética. La alta divergencia (diferenciación) genética encontrada entre las cuatro poblaciones evaluadas, podría ser causada por la ausencia de insectos polinizadores directos, así como por la presencia de barreras naturales y por la distancia geográfica entre ellas, que estaría restringiendo el flujo de genes entre las poblaciones.
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- 2009
326. Dosis de ácido-3-Indol butírico en el enraizamiento de estacas de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis l.) en diferentes sustratos
- Author
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Bartra Ramirez, Javier and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Propagación Vegetativa ,Plukenetia volubilis ,Estacas juveniles ,Cámara de sub irrigación ,Área foliar ,Enraizamiento ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
An alternative to meet the market demand with sacha inchi is the establishment of plantations with select product characteristics to achieve higher genetic gains in the shortest possible time increasing the quality and productivity of the plantations, however is a problem of breakdown of seed of genetic quality and quantity for the oil industry, this makes the vegetative propagation acquires great importance. The objective was to assess environmental conditions (relative humidity, air temperature, substrate temperature and solar radiation) and the rooting of cuttings of basal sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), under the effect of two types of substrates (sand and half fine gravel) and four doses of acid-3-indole butyric acid (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%), using propagators sub irrigation. The research was conducted at the experimental nursery of the Research Institute of the Peruvian Amazon (IIAP), San Martín, using a split plot design in randomized complete block with four replicates and twelve cuttings per experimental unit. At the end of the trial (after 30 days in the propagator), rooting percentages were obtained on substrates of sand averaged 65.83% and 62.50% of fine gravel. The best rooting percentage was achieved with a sand substrate with half dose of AIB andalusia 0.2%, in general, the species can be easily rooted in sand, using shadows to permit the passage of 20% of light, thus achieving optimal average irradiation (74.46 lux), relative humidity (77.86%) air temperatures (27.66 ° C) and substrate (27.84 ° C) in the propag ators. Keywords: Plukenetia volubilis, vegetative propagation, rooting, juvenile stakes, pole length, leaf area, sub chamber irrigation. Una alternativa para satisfacer la demanda del mercado con el sacha inchi es el establecimiento de plantaciones con características productivas selectas para alcanzar mayores ganancias genéticas en el menor tiempo posible incrementando la calidad y la productividad de las plantaciones, sin embargo existe el problema del desabastecimiento de semilla de calidad genética y cantidad deseada para la industria aceitera; esto hace que la propagación vegetativa adquiera gran importancia. El objetivo fue evaluar condiciones ambientales (Humedad relativa, Temperatura del aire, Temperatura del sustrato, y radiación solar), asi como el enraizamiento de estacas basales de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), bajo el efecto de dos tipos de sustratos (arena media y grava fina) y cuatro dosis de ácido-3-indol butírico(0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%), utilizando propagadores de sub irrigación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), San Martín; empleando un diseño de parcelas divididas en bloques completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones, y doce estacas por unida experimental. Al término del ensayo (30 días de haberse establecidos en el propagador), se obtuvo porcentajes de enraizamiento en sustratos de arena media del 65.83% y grava fina del 62.50%. El mejor porcentaje de enraizamiento se logro con el sustrato de arena media con dosis de AIB al 0.2%, en general, la especie puede ser enraizada fácilmente en arena, utilizándose sombra que permita el paso de 20% de luz, obteniéndose así promedios óptimos de irradiación (74,46 lux), humedad relativa (77,86%) temperaturas aéreas (27,66 °C) y del sustrato (27,8 4 °C) dentro de los propagadores. Palabras claves: Plukenetia volubilis, propagación vegetativa, enraizamiento, estacas juveniles, longitud de estaca, área foliar, cámara de sub irrigación.
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- 2009
327. Efecto de tres niveles de área foliar y cuatro dosis de ácido indolbutírico en el enraizamiento de amahua (plukenetia polyadenia muell.arg.), en San Martín
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Diaz Estela, Gonzalo and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Efecto ,Foliar ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
In the present work, the effects of three levels of leaf area and four doses of acid-3-indole-butyric (AIB) on the rooting capacity of juvenile cuttings of amahua (Plukenetia polyadenia Muell Arg.) Were evaluated using chambers of subirrigation. The trial was carried out in the nursery of the Institute of Investigations of the Peruvian Amazon in San Martín (llAP); Using a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement consisting of twelve treatments, three replicates and four stakes per experimental unit. At the end of 20 days a 100% rooting was obtained on cuttings with 26 cm2 of leaf area and 0.6% of IBA. It is necessary, the use of shade on propagators to reduce irradiation, air temperatures and relative humidity En el presente trabajo se evaluó los efectos de tres niveles de área foliar y cuatro dosis de ácido-3-indolbutírico (AIB) sobre la capacidad de enraizamiento de estacas juveniles de amahua (Plukenetia polyadenia Muell Arg.), utilizando cámaras de subirrigación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero del instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana en San Martín (llAP); empleando un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial conformado por doce tratamientos, tres repeticiones y cuatro estaquillas por unidad experimental. Al término de 20 días se obtuvo un 100% de enraizamiento en estacas con 26 cm2 de área foliar y 0.6% de AIB. Es necesario, la utilización de sombra sobre los propagadores para reducir la irradiación, las temperaturas aéreas y de la humedad relativa
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- 2009
328. Efectos de niveles de área foliar y dosis de ácido indolbutírico en el enraizamiento de Caoba (Swietenia macrophylla G. King) en cámaras de subirrigación
- Author
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Gronerth Valdivieso, Carlos and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Swietenia macrophylla ,Propagación vegetativa ,Estacas juveniles ,Área foliar ,Enraizamiento ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of three levels of area leaf and four doses of indole-3-acid (AIB) on the ability rooting of cuttings of young mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla K.), using cameras subirrigation. The trial was conducted in Nursery Research Institute of the Peruvian Amazon in San Martin (IIAP), using a completely randomized design with factorial treatments consisting of twelve, eight and eight repetitions cuttings per experimental unit. After 60 days there was a 62,50% rooting of cuttings with 1 leaflet (180 cm2) and 0,4% of AIB. It is necessary, the use of shadow on the propagators for reduce the radiation and air temperatures within the substrate the propagators, as well as to maintain high relative humidity. En el presente trabajo se evaluó los efectos de tres niveles de área foliar y cuatro dosis de ácido-3-indolbutírico (AIB) sobre la capacidad de enraizamiento de estacas juveniles del caoba (Swietenia macrophylla K.), utilizando cámaras de subirrigación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero del instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana en San Martín (IIAP); empleando un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial conformado por doce tratamientos, ocho repeticiones y ocho estaquillas por unidad experimental. Al término de 60 días se obtuvo un 62,50% de enraizamiento con estacas de 1 foliolo (18 cm2) y 0,4% de AIB. Es necesario, la utilización de sombra sobre los propagadores para reducir la irradiación, las temperaturas aéreas y del sustrato dentro de los propagadores, así como para mantener la alta humedad relativa.
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- 2009
329. Evaluación de la floración de tres clones trinitarios de cacao a nivel de cojín floral, bajo las condiciones climáticas del distrito de Cacatachi – San Martín
- Author
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Marrero Sanchez, Mery Elizabeth and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Theobroma cacao L ,Cojín floral ,Polinización ,Temperatura ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Precipitación - Abstract
With the object to evaluate the behavior the opening and pollination of flowers in three (03) clones of cacao, under the incidence of the humidity and soil temperature, and also determine the behavior of flowering according to the influence of climatic factors as temperature ambient average, precipitation and relative humidity. To realized a study in open-pollinated seedbed of cocoa, located in the District-Cacatachi belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University National of San Martín, put to the test using a stratified systematic design three clones of cocoa ( ICS-1 ICS-95 and CCN - 51), whose evaluation was to determine the number of floral cushions, number of flowers pollinated and the influence of climatic factors on the flowering of a meter branch located in the middle of each branch per plant. The studies reported that the soil temperature for the clones (ICS-1 ICS-95 and CCN-51) above 24 degrees C, decreasing the opening of pollination and floral cushions, and also the effect of soil humidity in the cushions and open pollinated flowers are not so directly linked with each other. On the other hand, considering the rainfall between the 228.40 mm, clones ICS-1 ICS-95 and CCN-51 opening for better pollination and floral cushions, taking risks when the rain fell to 21,90 mm. Con el propósito de evaluar el comportamiento de la apertura y polinización de cojines florales en tres (03) clones de cacao, bajo la incidencia de la humedad y la temperatura del suelo, así mismo determinar el comportamiento de la floración de acuerdo a la influencia de factores climáticos como temperatura ambiental media, precipitación y humedad relativa. Se realizó un estudio en el semillero interclonal de polinización abierta de cacao, ubicado en el Distrito de Cacatachi-perteneciente a la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de San Martín, poniéndose a prueba mediante un diseño experimental sistemático estratificado tres clones de cacao (ICS-1, ICS-95 y CCN – 51), cuya evaluación consistió en determinar el número de cojines florales, número de flores polinizadas y la influencia de factores climáticos en la floración en un metro de rama ubicada en la parte media de cada rama por planta. Los estudios reportaron que la temperatura del suelo para los clones (ICS-1; ICS-95 y CCN-51) por encima de los 24ºC, disminuye la apertura y polinización de cojines florales; así mismo, el efecto de la humedad del suelo en la apertura y polinización de cojines florales no está directamente ligado entre sí. Por otro lado las precipitaciones consideradas entre los 228,40 mm, en clones ICS-1, ICS-95 y CCN-51 favorecen una mejor apertura y polinización de cojines florales, teniéndose riesgos cuando las precipitaciones decaen a 21,90 mm.
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- 2009
330. Propagación vegetativa por injertos en plukenetia volubilis l. empleando patrones interespecifico e intergenericos (Euphorbiaceae) en la provincia de San Martín
- Author
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Garcia Sanchez, Marco Antonio and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Técnicas de injertación ,Injerto en sacha inchi - Abstract
In order to determine the effect of two techniques of grafting (stinger central and splicing) and four patterns (Plukenetia sp (Amazonas), Caryodendron orinocense, Jatropha curcas and Ricinus communis) on the ignition and growth in sacha grafts inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) under conditions of nursery, this experiment was conducted at the Research Institute of the Peruvian Amazon, located in the district of Morales, province and region of San Martin, during the period from June to October 2008. Used a design of randomized blocks in a split plot comprised of eight treatments, four repetitions and experimental units of ten grafted plants. The results show that there is no significant effect on the techniques of grafting on the percentage of ignition, rate of survival, number of outbreaks, number of leaves, length and diameter of the outbreak of the outbreak of the graft, but a significant effect on rates patterns in all variables. The largest percentage of ignition and sobrevinvencia shows the pattern of Plukenetia sp. (Amazonas) with values of 96.25% and 97.25% respectively. Also this pattern will be statistically distinguished from other types of patterns especially in the growth of graft in Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). We conclude that it is possible graft sacha inchi using the techniques and barbed central junction used as a pattern Plukenetia sp. (Amazonas) under greenhouse conditions. Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de dos técnicas de injertación (púa central y empalme) y cuatros patrones (Plukenetia sp (Amazonas), Caryodendron orinocense, Jatropha curcas y Ricinus communis) sobre el prendimiento y crecimiento del injerto en sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) bajo condiciones de vivero, se realizó el presente experimento en las instalaciones del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, ubicado en el distrito de Morales, provincia y región de San Martín, durante el periodo de junio a octubre del 2008. Se empleó un diseño de Bloques Completamente al Azar en Parcelas Divididas conformado por ocho tratamientos, cuatro repeticiones y unidades experimentales de diez plantas injertadas. Los resultados demuestran que no existe un efecto significativo en las técnicas de injertación sobre el porcentaje de prendimiento, porcentaje de sobrevivencia, número de brotes, número de hojas, longitud del brote y diámetro del brote del injerto; pero sí un efecto significativo en los tipos de patrones en todas las variables evaluadas. Los mayores porcentaje de prendimiento y sobrevivencia lo muestra el patrón de Plukenetia sp. (Amazonas) con valores de 96,25% y 97,25% respectivamente. Así mismo este patrón se diferenció estadísticamente de los demás tipos de patrones sobresaliendo en el crecimiento del injerto en Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). Se concluye que es posible injertar sacha inchi empleando las técnicas púa central y empalme utilizando como patrón a Plukenetia sp, bajo condiciones de vivero.
- Published
- 2008
331. Efecto de longitudes de estacas y niveles de área foliar en el enraizamiento de sacha inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis l.) en cámaras de subirrigación
- Author
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Vallejos Torres, Geomar and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Cámara de subirrigación ,Plukenetia volubilis ,Propagación vegetativa ,Estacas juveniles ,Longitud de estaca ,Área foliar ,Enraizamiento ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
An alternative to meet the market demand with Sacha inchi is the establishment of plantations with selected productive features; however, there is the problem of lack seed of high genetic quality and enough quantity required for the oil industry, which makes that vegetative propagation acquires great importance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the rooting ability of juvenile cuttings of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), using three length cuttings (4, 6 and 8cm) and four levels of leaf area (0, 25, 50 and 100 cm2), set to root in subirrigation propagators. The test was performed at the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP) experimental nursery, San Martín, using a completely randomized block design with bifactorial comprised of 12 treatments, three replications and nine cuttings per experimental unit. At the end of the experiment (20 days from being established in the propagator), rooting percentages of 100% were obtained. The best rooting percentages were achieved with 8 cm long cuttings and leaf area of 50 to 100 cm2. In general, the species can be easily rooted in sand, using shade to allow 20% of light, which provides optimal average irradiation (74.46 lux), relative humidity (77.86%) and air and substrate temperatures (27.66 °C and 27.84 °C respectively) within the propagators. Una alternativa para satisfacer la demanda del mercado con el sacha inchi es el establecimiento de plantaciones con características productivas selectas, sin embargo existe el problema del desabastecimiento de semilla de calidad genética y cantidad deseada para la industria aceitera; esto hace que la propagación vegetativa adquiera gran importancia. El objetivo fue evaluar el enraizamiento de estacas juveniles de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), bajo el efecto de tres longitudes de estacas (4, 6 y 8cm) y cuatro niveles de área foliar (0, 25, 50 y 100 cm2), utilizando propagadores de subirrigación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), San Martín; empleando un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo bifactorial conformado por 12 tratamientos, tres repeticiones y nueve estacas por unidad experimental. Al término del ensayo (20 días de haberse establecidos en el propagador), se obtuvo porcentajes de enraizamiento del 100%. Los mejores porcentajes de enraizamiento se lograron con estacas de 8 cm de longitud y áreas foliares de 50 y 100 cm2; en general, la especie puede ser enraizada fácilmente en arena, utilizándose sombra que permita el paso de 20% de luz, obteniéndose así promedios óptimos de irradiación (74,46 lux), humedad relativa (77,86%) temperaturas aéreas (27,66 °C) y del sustrato (27,84 °C) dentro de los propagadores. Palabras claves: Plukenetia volubilis, propagación vegetativa, enraizamiento, estacas juveniles, longitud de estaca, área foliar, cámara de subirrigación.
- Published
- 2008
332. Monitoreo de la deforestación en las provincias de Moyobamba y Rioja de la región San Martin
- Author
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Ysuiza Perez, Alfredo and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Sistemas de Percepción Remota ,Sistemas de Información Geográfica ,Monitoreo de la Deforestación ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] - Abstract
Teniendo en cuenta que los bosques constituyen uno de los ecosistemas más valiosos del mundo, pero el hombre en su afán de mejorar sus condiciones de vida realiza actividades que inevitablemente perjudican a este recurso natural con el tan conocido problema de la deforestación. En tal sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación denominado •Monitoreo de la Deforestación en las Provincias de Moyobamba y Rioja en la Región san Martín", se realizó con la finalidad de contar con una herramienta base que ayude a plantear propuestas de desarrollo sostenible, compatibles con las características físicas naturales y actuales de dichas provincias. Cabe indicar que en el estudio se priorizo el análisis de imágenes de satélite LANDSAT 5 (TM del año 1986) y LANDSAT 7 (ETM+ del año 1999), los mismos que fueron procesados empleando los Sistemas de Percepción Remota y los Sistemas de Información Geográfica, utilizando los Software's EROAS IMAGINE, ARC/INFO y ARCVIEW, además del archivo de extensión DBF compatible a FOXPRO. En la Provincia de Moyobamba, existe un incremento de la deforestación de 3 065.25 ha/año, que representa una tasa de deforestación de 1.105 %; de continuar estos sucesos, se pronostica que a 54 años aproximadamente se habrá consumido con toda el área de la cobertura vegetal. 110 En la Provincia de Rioja, el incremento de la deforestación es de 1 379.33 ha/año, que representa una tasa de deforestación de 0.75%; de permanecer estos eventos, se proyecta que a 70 años aproximadamente se habrá consumido toda et área del bosque. Taking into account that the forests are one of the most voluble ecosystem of the Wor1d but the man, in his desire to improve his life conditions, carries out the activities bringing inevitable damage to this natural recourse with the famous problem of deforest. In this case, the present investigation worl< is denominated as ·Monitor of Oeforest in Moyobamba and Rioja Province in San Martin Region·, with the purpose of relying on the base instrument to help in making proposals of . supported development, compatible with natural and actual characteristics of the mentioned above provinces. lt's necessary to indicate that the analysis of the images of satellite Lansat 5 (TM 1986 year) end Landsat 7 (ETM + 1 999 year) were made first atthe study, the same made first at the study, the same satellites were processed spending the Systems of Remote Perception and the Systems of Geographical lnformation, using Software's ERDAS IMAGINE, ARC/1NFO end ARCVIEW, furthermore extension file of DBF which is oompetible with FOXPRO. In Moyobamba Provlnce, there is a deforest increase cf 3 065.25 ha per year which represents deforest rate of 1.105%, if we continued to use this, it will forecast that all vegetal area will be consumed in 54 years. 112 In Rioja Provinoe, defon:tst rate of 0.75%, depends on reaming these events, ifs projected that ali forest area will be consumed in 70 years.
- Published
- 2004
333. Monitoreo de la deforestación en las provincias de moyobamba y rioja de la región de San Martín
- Author
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Ysuiza Perez, Alfredo and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Monitoreoforestación ,Moyobamba ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Provincias - Abstract
Taking into account that the forests are one of the most voluble ecosystem of the World but the man, in his desire to improve his life conditions, carries out the activities bringing inevitable damage to this natural recourse with the famous problem of deforest. In this case, the present investigation work is denominated as "Monitor of Deforest in Moyobamba and Rioja Province in San Martin Region", with the purpose of relying on the base instrument to help in making proposals of supported development, compatible with natural and actual characteristics of the mentioned above provinces. lt's necessary to indicate that the analysis of the images of satellite Lansat 5 (TM 1986 year) and Landsat 7 (ETM + 1 999 year) were made first at the study, the same made first at the study, the same satellites were processed spending the Systems of Remote Perception and the Systems of Geographical lnformation, using Software's ERDAS IMAGINE, ARCJINFO and ARCVIEW, furthermore extension file of DBF which is compatible with FOXPRO. In Moyobamba Province, there is a deforest increase cf 3 065.25 ha per year . which represents deforest rate of 1.105%, if we continued to use this, it will forecast that ali vegetal area will be consumed in 54 years. In Rioja Province, deforest rate of 0.75%, depends on reaming these events, it's projected that all forest area will be consumad in 70 years. Teniendo en cuenta que los bosques constituyen uno de los ecosistemas más valiosos del mundo, pero el hombre en su afán de mejorar sus condiciones de vida realiza actividades que inevitablemente perjudican a este recurso natural con el tan conocido problema de la deforestación. En tal sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación denominado "Monitoreo de la Deforestación en las Provincias de Moyobamba y Rioja en la Región San Martín", se realizó con la finalidad de contar con una herramienta base que ayude a plantear propuestas de desarrollo sostenible, compatibles con las características físicas naturales y actuales de dichas provincias. Cabe indicar que en el estudio se priorizo el análisis de imágenes de satelite LANDSAT 5 (TM del año 1986) y LANDSAT 7 (ETM+ del año 1999), los mismos que fueron procesados empleando los Sistemas de Percepción Remota y los Sistemas de Información Geográfica, utilizando los Software's ERDAS IMAGINE, ARC/INFO y ARCVIEW, además del archivo de extensión DBF compatible a FOXPRO. En la Provincia de Moyobamba, existe un incremento de la deforestación de 3 065. 25 ha/año, que representa una tasa de deforestación de 1. 105 %; de continuar estos sucesos, se pronostica que a 54 años aproximadamente se habrá consumido con toda el área de la cobertura vegetal. En la Provincia de Rioja, el incremento de la deforestación es de 1 379.33 ha/año, que representa una tasa de deforestación de O. 75%; de permanecer estos eventos, se proyecta que a 70 años aproximadamente se habrá consumido toda el área del bosque.
- Published
- 2004
334. Estudio de factores economicos y sociales que influyen en la generación de ingresos monetarios en las familias rurales en la cuenca alta y media del rio Cumbaza. San Martín
- Author
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Grandez Escudero, Liliana and Vasquez Ramirez, Guillermo
- Subjects
Factores ,Generación ,Estudio ,Monetarios ,Economicos ,purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.06 [https] ,Sociales - Abstract
In order to determine and to analyze the economic and social factors that influence in the generation of monetary revenues in the rural families, for the conditions of the High Cumbaza; he/she \.·vas carried out the present thesis the months of January to December of 1 999 in the County of you Lick, District of San Asleep of Cumbaza (Aviacion, Chiricyacu, and San Roque of Cumbaza) and San Martin's County, District of San Antonio of Cumbaza with 500- 1200 m.s.n.m, and with a temperature monthly average of 26ºC anda precipitation I average yearly of 1400 mm. The selection of the sample was stratified and at random, to determine the number of farmers for experimental area he/she was considered in proportional form, San Antonio (10), San Roque (10), Chiricyacu(10), Aviación(10). It was considered integral evaluation of the property (general characteristics of the cultivations, agronomic handling for community and cultivations, yield for cultivations, etc)¡ economic evaluation (revenues for annual, permanent and forest cultivations, relationship benefit-cost); social evaluation (population and migration, systems of he/she worked, I use, etc). According to the variable production costs, it was calculated in an associate way only for annual cuitivations, considering the best in them, and in an individual way for installation and maintenance of forest species. The results indicated first: for the economic factor, the community of San Antonio of Cumbaza presents so much bigger revenues in annua!, permanent and forest cultivations (although this last one is marketed by a single farmer); and second: for the social factor, San Antonio's communities and San Roque of Cumbaza they present a leve! of superior Education to the communities of Aviacion and Chiricyacu, to have a bigger community development. Con el objeto de determinar y analizar los factores económicos y sociales que influyen en la generación de ingresos monetarios en las fami"Jiac r• •r~rec n~ra 'as rnnrlic1·,..nec del A!+-o C11mb~.,.a · ce re~1 1·.,.0• la r 1 ..,. r w1 ~r w:1 f-'~' 11 ""W"' ?Wtl ""' ,......,w- "" " i:..rr t w.:. ¡ W'':W wr "- presente tesis los meses de Enero a Diciembre de 1 999 en la Provincia de Lamas, Distrito de San Roque de Cumbaza (Aviación, Chiricyacu, y San Roque de Cumbaza) y la Provincia de San Martín, Distrito de San Antonio de Cumbaza con 500-1200 m.s.n.m, y con una temperatura promedio mensual de 26ºC y una precipitación promedio anual de 1400 mm. La selección de la muestra fue estratificada y al azar, para determinar el número de agricultores por área experimental se estimó en forma proporcional, San Antonio (10), San Roque (10), Chirkyacu (10), Aviación (10). Se consideró evaluación integral del predio (características generales de los cultivos, manejo agronómico por comunidad y cultivos, rendimiento por cultivos, etc); evaluación económica (ingresos para cultivos anuales, permanentes y forestales, relación beneficio-costo); evaluación social (población y migración, sistemas de trabajó, empleo, etc). De acuerdo a la variable costos de producción, se calculó de forma asociada sólo para cultivos anuales, considerando los mejores de ellos y de forma individual para instalación y mantenimiento de especies forestales. Los resultados indicaron primero: por el factor económico, la comunidad de San Antonio de Cumbaza presenta ingresos mayores tanto en cultivos anuales, permanentes y forestales (aunque este último es comercializado por un solo agricultor); y segundo: por el factor social, las comunidades de San Antonio y San Roque de Cumbaza presentan un nivel de Educación superior a las comunidades de Aviación y Chiricyacu, por tener un mayor desarrollo de comunidad.
- Published
- 2000
335. Measurements of Soil Water Potential and Conductivity based on a Simple Evaporation Experiment using a Hydraulic Property Analyzer.
- Author
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Marchesan AJ, Guenette K, Fausak LK, and Hernandez Ramirez G
- Subjects
- Soil chemistry, Water chemistry
- Abstract
The measurement of soil hydraulic properties is critical in understanding the physical components of soil health as well as integrated knowledge of soil systems under various management practices. Collecting reliable data is imperative for informing decisions that affect agriculture and the environment. The simple evaporation experiment described here uses instrumentation in a laboratory setting to analyze soil samples collected in the field. The soil water tension of the sample is measured by the instrument, and tension data is modeled by software to return soil hydraulic properties. This method can be utilized to measure soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity and give insight into differences in treatments or environmental dynamics over time. Initial establishment requires a user, but data acquisition is automated with the instrument. Soil hydraulic properties are not easily measured with traditional experiments, and this protocol offers a simple and optimal alternative. Interpretation of results and options for extending the data range are discussed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
336. Genome-wide association analysis provides insights into the genetic basis of photosynthetic responses to low-temperature stress in spring barley.
- Author
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Elakhdar A, Slaski JJ, Kubo T, Hamwieh A, Hernandez Ramirez G, Beattie AD, and Capo-Chichi LJA
- Abstract
Low-temperature stress (LTS) is among the major abiotic stresses affecting the geographical distribution and productivity of the most important crops. Understanding the genetic basis of photosynthetic variation under cold stress is necessary for developing more climate-resilient barley cultivars. To that end, we investigated the ability of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F
V FM, and FV F0 ) to respond to changes in the maximum quantum yield of Photosystem II photochemistry as an indicator of photosynthetic energy. A panel of 96 barley spring cultivars from different breeding zones of Canada was evaluated for chlorophyll fluorescence-related traits under cold acclimation and freeze shock stresses at different times. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using a mixed linear model (MLM). We identified three major and putative genomic regions harboring 52 significant quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) on chromosomes 1H, 3H, and 6H for low-temperature tolerance. Functional annotation indicated several QTNs were either within the known or close to genes that play important roles in the photosynthetic metabolites such as abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, hydrolase activity, protein kinase, and transduction of environmental signal transduction at the posttranslational modification levels. These outcomes revealed that barley plants modified their gene expression profile in response to decreasing temperatures resulting in physiological and biochemical modifications. Cold tolerance could influence a long-term adaption of barley in many parts of the world. Since the degree and frequency of LTS vary considerably among production sites. Hence, these results could shed light on potential approaches for improving barley productivity under low-temperature stress., Competing Interests: JS is employed by InnoTech Alberta Inc., Vegreville, Canada. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Elakhdar, Slaski, Kubo, Hamwieh, Hernandez Ramirez, Beattie and Capo-chichi.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
337. Genetic diversity and population structure assessment of Western Canadian barley cooperative trials.
- Author
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Capo-Chichi LJA, Elakhdar A, Kubo T, Nyachiro J, Juskiw P, Capettini F, Slaski JJ, Ramirez GH, and Beattie AD
- Abstract
Studying the population structure and genetic diversity of historical datasets is a proposed use for association analysis. This is particularly important when the dataset contains traits that are time-consuming or costly to measure. A set of 96 elite barley genotypes, developed from eight breeding programs of the Western Canadian Cooperative Trials were used in the current study. Genetic diversity, allelic variation, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) were investigated using 5063 high-quality SNP markers via the Illumina 9K Barley Infinium iSelect SNP assay. The distribution of SNPs markers across the barley genome ranged from 449 markers on chromosome 1H to 1111 markers on chromosome 5H. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) per locus was 0.275 and ranged from 0.094 to 0.375. Bayesian clustering in STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analysis revealed that the populations are differentiated primarily due to the different breeding program origins and ear-row type into five subpopulations. Analysis of molecular variance based on PhiPT values suggested that high values of genetic diversity were observed within populations and accounted for 90% of the total variance. Subpopulation 5 exhibited the most diversity with the highest values of the diversity indices, which represent the breeding program gene pool of AFC, AAFRD, AU, and BARI. With increasing genetic distance, the LD values, expressed as r
2 , declined to below the critical r2 = 0.18 after 3.91 cM, and the same pattern was observed on each chromosome. Our results identified an important pattern of genetic diversity among the Canadian barley panel that was proposed to be representative of target breeding programs and may have important implications for association mapping in the future. This highlight, that efforts to identify novel variability underlying this diversity may present practical breeding opportunities to develop new barley genotypes., Competing Interests: JS is employed by InnoTech Alberta Inc., Vegreville, Canada. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Capo-chichi, Elakhdar, Kubo, Nyachiro, Juskiw, Capettini, Slaski, Ramirez and Beattie.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
338. Passive transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with platelet transfusions.
- Author
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Ramirez GA, Gautam-Goyal P, Shariatmadar S, Khatri A, McCann-Pineo M, Rasul R, Karkenny G, Chang T, Sfakianos M, Cassiere H, and Epstein M
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Viral, Humans, Platelet Transfusion, Retrospective Studies, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, COVID-19 therapy, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Background: Although over 5000 platelet transfusions occur daily in the United States, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in platelet units is not commonly evaluated for. The effects of platelet transfusions with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remain largely unknown. We evaluated single-donor (apheresis) platelet units for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and determined if platelet transfusions passively transferred antibodies to seronegative recipients., Study Design and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis as part of a quality assurance initiative during February to March 2021 at a tertiary referral academic center in suburban New York. Platelet units and platelet recipients were evaluated for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using the DiaSorin LIASON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG assay. There were 47 platelet recipients eligible for study inclusion. The primary outcome was the presence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibodies in the recipient's blood after platelet transfusion., Results: Twenty-three patients received platelets with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibodies; 13 recipients had detection of SARS-COV-2 antibodies (56.5%), and 10 recipients did not. The median antibody titer in the platelet units given to the group with passive antibodies detected was significantly higher compared to the median antibody titer in the platelet units given to the group without antibodies detected (median [interquartile range]: 306 AU/ml [132, 400] vs. 96.1 AU/ml [30.6, 186], p = .027)., Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a significant rate of passive transfer of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibodies through platelet transfusions. Considering the volume of daily platelet transfusions, this is something all clinicians should be aware of., (© 2022 AABB.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
339. Modeling isotropic organs using beam models for the haptic simulation of blunt dissections.
- Author
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Dalmiya V, Ramirez G, and Devarajan V
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Humans, Stress, Mechanical, United States, Computer Simulation, Dissection methods, Models, Anatomic
- Abstract
Haptic modeling of organs using existing approaches is still not realistic or real time. We propose and develop the mathematical foundation of a new approach to modeling organs using beams. Beams are well known entities in Civil and Structural engineering. We develop their mathematical properties in the context of organ simulation. The real time advantage arises from the fact that a single beam implementation eliminates hundreds, if not thousands of mass springs from the traditional mass spring models and, thousands of polygons from the finite element method. Even more importantly, our derivation is valid for large deformation. Most previous work has developed equations only for small deflections. Large deformation is important because we set out to simulate blunt cutting which requires models for large deflections. Our new model, when simulated and compared with an FEM model provides comparable accuracy.
- Published
- 2007
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