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Media is one of many ways to increase student’s interest in learning. The development of an innovative media can increase the student’s interest in learning and make the learning process more effective and fun. Furthermore, media may facilitate the teacher to presents the learning material. In this technology era, one of the technology-based learning media that can be developed is interactive multimedia. Interactive multimedia can be an interesting media in teaching because it contains many media such as picture, animation, audio, video, and text. This media takes ‘profession’ as the theme of Arabic language lesson for 2nd grade of junior high school student and it focused on listening skill. In learning Arabic as foreign language, learners have to master 4 language skills those are listening, speaking, reading and writing. Listening skill is the most important skill in learning Arabic language as the first skill in mastering other language skills. This article contains each stage of multimedia interactive design with 4 steps: (1) Preliminary research; (2) Development planning stage; (3) development stage; and (4) Product validation and revision stage. The purpose of this article is to design the interactive multimedia of learning Arabic language by using Macromedia Flash 8.

Interactive multimedia based learning containing problem solving may have been researched, however there are stigma that learning how to do problem solving conventionally particularly for colleague students is still favorable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate factors affect the student learning outcomes. The independent variable is a teaching method in the form of interactive multimedia based on problem solving (IMM-PS) and the dependent variable is students' thinking ability in physics. Specifically, this study aims to analyze the problem solving abilities of students in physics education programs after they have been exposed to interactive multimedia based problem solving methods. The research type is quasi-experiment. The sample were second year physics education students who studying wave electric magnetic subjects, as many as seventy students. The test of science process skills in the form of formal descriptions as well as reasoning tests in the form of descriptions were used as instruments for this study. The results show that the problem solving ability of students who study physics using interactive multi-media based problem solving is better than students who learn through conventional methods.

The use of media, especially in learning Arabic in Indonesia has been proven to be significant. Many studies prioritize the use of certain media in the learning process so that it can overcome the problems of learning Arabic. This descriptive qualitative study discusses the use of interactive multimedia in learning Arabic at IAIN Palangka Raya. This study aims to explore interactive multimedia used by PBA lecturers to overcome the problems of learning Arabic. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study are: first, in terms of time and place of implementation, namely IAIN Palangka Raya e-learning, Arabic online and Bahasaarab312.gnomio.com. Second, viewed from the materials being taught, multimedia PowerPoint was used which included cartoon story maker media, Arabic Online, camtasia, active presenter, e-book learning, YouTube, kine master, pollagon, Arabee. Third, seen from the needs of students, Macromedia / Adobe Flash was relevant. The Arabic learning problems that can be overcome with the use of interactive multimedia are as follows. 1) In terms of linguistics, using interactive multimedia, lecturers become easier in demonstrating teaching or learning materials to 2) in terms of practical (non-linguistic) using multimedia interactive, PBA lecturers can attract the students ‘interests and attention who lack of motivation in learning Arabic.

Currently at the elementary school level has used Curriculum 2013 (K-13) which emphasizes thematic learning by studying various fields of science simultaneously in a series of themes. But the problem is there is no learning material which is packaged in the form of interactive multimedia that is able to link K-13 thematic learning in elementary school. The aim of this research is to produce interactive multimedia products based on K-13 as a thematic learning innovation in valid primary schools. The type of this research is a research and development (R&D) by adapting the ADDIE development model. It is said to adapt because this research process stops at the development stage in terms of product validity. Product validity based on graphic design experts score 87 with valid criteria. Meanwhile, according to Sciences experts this product got a score of 86 with valid criteria, for Mathematic experts it got a score of 86, Indonesian material experts got a score of 90, and Civics material received a score of 89 with valid information. In the expert assessment of Sports education received a score of 93 with a very valid category. From the multimedia linguistic point of view, the evaluation is very valid and appropriate to cognitive development level of children with a validity value of 92. Thus the conclusion of this study is that interactive K-13 based multimedia products are said to be valid and feasible to use.

Tujuan dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan produk multimedia interaktif pada mata pelajaran Fisika topik prinsip Archimedes untuk siswa kelas XI. Penggunaan multimedia sangat membantu siswa dalam memaksimalkan belajar mandiri (student centered learning) serta membantu siswa untuk memahami konsep dengan lebih baik. Metode penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (RD) dengan model ADDIE. Kelayakan multimedia interaktif topik prinsip Archimedes berbasis power point diperoleh dari hasil uji empiris pada 3 mahasiswa dengan hasil rata-rata 5.08 kategori sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kelayakan media yang telah dilaksanakan maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa multimedia interaktif topik prinsip Archimedes layak digunakan sebagai alternatif pembelajaran di luar waktu sekolah oleh siswa. Selain itu, dapat menjadi bahan belajar mandiri (student centered learning) yang mampu meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa Kata kunci: Multimedia interaktif, prinsip archimedes, student centered learning Developing interactive multimedia in Archimedes principles to optimize student-centered learning Abstract The purpose of this development research is to produce interactive multimedia products on Physics subjects on the topic of Archimedes principles for grade XI students. The use of multimedia is very helpful for students in improving independent learning (student-centered learning) and helps students to understand concepts better. The research development method used is Research and Development (RD) with the ADDIE model. The feasibility of interactive multimedia on the topic of Archimedes principles based on PowerPoint was obtained from the results of empirical tests on 3 students with an average result of 5.08 very good categories. Based on the results of a feasibility study on media that has been done it could be concluded about interactive multimedia, the principle of Archimedes used as an alternative worthy of learning outside of school time by students. Also, it can be self-learning materials that can improve student understanding Keywords: Interactive multimedia, Archimedes principles, student-centered learning

Pengembangan Multimedia interaktif menggunakan model pengembangan ADIIE Lee dan Owens dan langkahnya dari Aldoobie, mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan efektifitas multimedia interaktif terhadap mata pelajaran prinsip animasi. Tahapan Penelitian pengembangan ini terdiri dari tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Multimedia interaktif yang telah dikembangkan kemudian diuji kevalidan oleh ahli, diuji kepraktisan oleh peserta didik, dan diuji efektifitas dengan mengimplementasikan multimedia interaktif di SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. Penilaian terhadap multimedia interaktif ditujukan kepada ahli materi, ahli desain pembelajaran dan ahli media, juga peserta didik sebagai pengguna multimedia interaktif. Dari penelitian pengembangan ini didapatkan bahwa (1) multimedia interaktif teruji kevalidan dengan penilaian oleh ahli media terhadap multimedia interaktif sebesar 5 dengan kategori sangat valid, penilaian oleh ahli materi sebesar 4,45 kategori valid, dan penilaian ahli desain pembelajaran sebesar 4,52 kategori valid; (2) multimedia di uji one to one oleh 3 siswa dengan kemapuan tinggi sedang dan rendah memberikan tindak lanjut, selanjutnya multimedia interaktif teruji kepraktisannya dengan dengan penilaian Small Group menggunakan 2 kelompok yang terdiri dari 4 orang siswa memahami materi dan 4 orang siswa yang belum begitu memahami materi prinsip animasi dengan hasil efektifitas kelompok 1 nilai N-gain 0,69 kategori sedang dengan praktikalitas 4,61 kategori praktis dan kelompok 2 nilai N-gain 0,51 degan praktikalitas 4,54 kategori praktis; (3) multimedia interaktif teruji efektifitas meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dilihat dari adanya gain sebesar 0,70 yang termasuk kedalam kategori tinggi. Kata Kunci: Adventure game, multimedia interaktif, prinsip animasi DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA BASED ON ADVENTURE GAME ON ANIMATION PRINCIPLE SUBJECT Abstract Interactive Multimedia Development using the ADDIE Lee and Owens development model and steps from Aldoobie, to know validity, practicality, and effectiveness interactive multimedia on the subject matter of principal animation. This research development stage consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phase. Interactive Learning that has been developed and then tested validity by experts, tested practicality by students and tested for effectiveness by implementation interactive multimedia in SMK Negeri 5 Palembang. As for the assessment data of interactive multimedia which is addressed to subject matter experts, learning design experts and media experts, as well as the students as the interactive multimedia users. From this research development, it was found that 1.) The interactive multimedia tested with media experts on interactive multimedia of 5 with a very valid category, the assessment by material experts is 4.45 valid categories, and learning design expert judgment at 4.52 valid categories; 2.) Multimedia was tested one by one by 3 students with moderate to high and low ability to provide and then interactive multimedia proven practicality with the Small Group assessment using 2 groups consisting of 4 students understand the material and 4 students who do not really understand the principles of animation with the results of group 1 effectiveness N-gain is 0.69 in the medium category with a practicality of 4.61 in the practical category and group 2 N-gain values 0.51 with practicality of 4.54 practical categories; and 3.) Interactive multimedia has been effectiveness tested to improving students learning outcomes seen from gain of 0.70 included into high category. Keywords: Adventure game, interactive multimedia, principal of animation

Interactive learning media that were used in schools, in general, were still less innovative, only use the media available in the school environment, and do not utilize technology. The aim of this study developed interactive multimedia using Lectora Inspire application in learning Arabic Language class VII at Islamic Junior High School Thawalib Tanjung Limau. The goal to be achieved was to produce interactive multimedia using the Lectora Inspire application that was valid, practical, and effective. The researcher used Research and Development model. The results showed that interactive multimedia using the Lectora Inspire application in Arabic learning that was developed had met valid criteria with the characteristics of media content in accordance with the curriculum, design and layout that was clear, ease of operation of the media. The results of observations and questionnaires show that learning media were already practical with characteristics that have precise contents and goals. In addition, the developed media has also in increasing student activity and learning outcomes, with 85.8% mastery learning. Keywords: Lectora Inspire, Interactive Multimedia, Arabic

People are able to order food using a variety of computer devices, such as desktops, laptops, and mobile phones. Even in restaurants, patrons can place orders on computer screens. Can the interface that consumers use affect their choice of food? The authors focus on the "direct-touch" aspect of touch interfaces, whereby users can touch the screen in an interactive manner. In a series of five studies, they show that a touch interface, such as that provided by an iPad, compared with a nontouch interface, such as that of a desktop computer with a mouse, facilitates the choice of an affect-laden alternative over a cognitively superior one--what the authors call the "directtouch effect." The studies provide some mediational support that the directtouch effect is driven by the enhancedmental simulation of product interaction with themore affective choice alternative on touch interfaces. The authors also test the moderator of this effect. Using multiple product pairs as stimuli, the authors obtain consistent results, which have rich theoretical and managerial implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For video art, the coupling of digital technology and postmodernist thinking has brought not only technical progress and formal transformation but also a new mode of thinking and way of living around visual experience and even a change in the whole world view. The digitalization of the image not only lies in the change of the surface form, but also it has evolved into a supermedium, connecting the real world and the virtual world, becoming a new way and means for us to grasp the world, which can be considered a huge transformation. However, while digitalization has brought great development to video art, it has also confused many issues that need to be further explored, especially the inevitable transformation in creation. This paper takes digital video art as the main object of study and explores the crisis of representation and the problem of transformation that has arisen in it, with reference to "technology," "form," "concept," and even "social and cultural life." We also analyze, summarize, and conclude the transformation of video art and its creation rules in the digital context and propose corresponding creation strategies, taking "technology," "form," "concept," and even "social and cultural life" as the starting point. For the detection of a small area, a star structure can be used to achieve a flexible arrangement of each sensor while satisfying the real-time performance. For the collection of information in a large monitoring area, if a star structure is used, the nodes are overloaded with low reliability and low utilization of communication lines. The wireless data acquisition system uses the relatively scalable UCB telosb hardware platform, while the hardware platform uses an operating system with good portability, which can give full play to the hardware performance of the platform and effectively reduce the power consumption of the system. Based on the current art trend, this paper discusses the transformation of video art in the digital background from the perspective of "technology" and "concept" and proposes corresponding creation strategies to provide theoretical to practical support for digital video art creation practice and bring some inspiration to creators. It will also bring some inspiration to the creators. Cluster analysis is used to effectively improve the introduced algorithm, and the simulation results show that the improved algorithm can reasonably plan each sensor node in the region while reducing the number of sensors, so that the effectiveness of each sensor node can be well utilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores Actor-Network Theory (ANT) as a framework for understanding interactive documentary. It examines Adrian Miles's work in this area, where he uses ANT as a way of conceptualising interactive documentary as socio-technical media assemblages and consequently to question the relationship between human and non-human agency as understood within the field. After introducing ANT and reviewing Miles's position, the paper engages in a detailed discussion of ANT's key concepts in the context of specific interactive documentaries showing how these concepts operate and examining the insights they provide. This discussion supports and extends Miles's position while also broadening and deepening interactive documentary's engagement with ANT through a more detailed and systematic engagement with its concepts than has been attempted previously. The paper concludes by raising issues concerning the adaption of ANT's concepts to the field, including the question of whether they offer a complete theoretical framework for understanding interactive documentary and by suggesting future lines of enquiry to address these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interactive documentary theory has oversimplified concepts of narrative in order to accentuate the contrast between traditional documentary and interactive documentary. In doing so, there is a risk of imagining the interactive documentary as an impermeable and incomprehensible artefact, resistant to hermeneutic examination. This paper will show that by approaching the question of narrative coherence as a phenomenological proposition, a theory of narrative can be developed which is able to account for interactive documentary traits which are not shared with traditional documentaries. In order to reimagine the role of narrative in interactive documentary, the philosophical approach of Paul Ricoeur will be adapted and extended. Ricoeur's combination of phenomenology and hermeneutics encourages a nuanced and philosophically rigorous approach to narrative, which helps us expand on the role of narrative in interactive documentary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the hierarchy of influences model, we explored journalists' understanding and perceptions about media convergence in Pakistan's media industry and its influence on journalistic practices and routines. In-depth interviews with Pakistani news practitioners revealed several challenges hindering the successful implementation of media convergence in Pakistan. These challenges included the lack of resources for incorporating digital technologies, the lack of financial incentives, and stringent journalistic work routines, we found that technology-induced routines have severely affected both the personal and the professional lives of media practitioners. The adoption of convergence in Pakistan has been largely based on economic and commercial concerns rather than attempts to improve the quality of media content. Overall, the work contributes to the media convergence literature by providing insights from an emerging non-Western media system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transmedia Stories are becoming an increasingly important technique for the tourism industry. They are successful tools to engage, inspire and gather audiences online and offline. In this article, we describe the design, implementation and evaluation of Fragments of Laura, a bespoke Transmedia Storytelling (TS) experience designed to involve visitors in developing knowledge and awareness about the cultural and natural heritage of Madeira Island. Fragments of Laura (FoL) is composed of two interconnected components: a Location-Aware Multimedia Story, and a Hypermedia Platform populated with locally collected testimonies and interviews. Results from the extensive evaluation of Fragments of Laura, highlights the potential of interactive multimedia, TS in particular, in engaging tourists with the destination values and community. Our contribution is twofold, on one hand we extend on the state of the art of multimedia interactive storytelling, with the description of the Fragments of Laura TS artifact. On the other hand, results from FoL evaluation highlight how the artifact impacts on the tourism experience its implications for the design of future tourism driven TS experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Teaching evidence-based medicine (EBM) is not an easy task. The role of the electronic book (e-book) is a useful supplement to traditional methods for improving skills. Our aim is to use an interactive e-book or PowerPoint to evaluate instructors' teaching effects on EBM. Methods: Our study group was introduced to learning EBM using an interactive e-book available on the Internet, while the control group used a PowerPoint presentation. We adopted the Modified Fresno test to assess EBM skills both before and after their learning. EBM teaching sessions via e-book or PowerPoint were 20–30 min long, followed by students' feedback. We adopted Student's t-test to compare teachers' evaluation of their EBM skills prior to the class and the students' assessment of the teachers' instruction. We also adopted repeated measures ANCOVA to compare teachers' evaluation of their EBM skills using the Fresno test both before and after the class. Results: We observed no difference regarding EBM skills between the two groups prior to their experimental learning, which was assessed by the Modified Fresno test. After learning, physicians in the study group ranked higher in choosing a case to explain which kind of research design was used for the study type of the question and explaining their choice (P = 0.024) as assessed by the post-test to pre-test Fresno test. Teaching effect was better in the e-book group than in the control group for the items, "I am satisfied with this lesson," "The teaching was of high quality," "This was a good teaching method," and "It aroused my interest in EBM." However, no differences were observed between the two groups in physicians who had more than 10 years' experience. Conclusions: The use of interactive e-books in clinical teaching can enhance a teacher's EBM skills, though not in more senior physicians. This may suggest that teaching methodology and activities differ for teachers' varying years of experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of social media has given rise to digital social reading, an activity characterized by interactivity and social presence. Drawing upon the literature on interactivity and the Theory of Interactive Media Effects, this study developed a conceptual model to better understand the effect of interactivity on users' reading satisfaction through the mediating effect of social presence. An online survey was used to collect data, and structural equation modeling was adopted to assess the fitness of the model and investigate the hypothesized relationships. The findings basically support our hypotheses. Specifically, human-to-human interactivity was found to be affected by human-to-text interactivity, and both types of interactivity significantly predicted social presence. Social presence fully mediated the relationship between human-to-human interactivity and satisfaction, whereas it partially mediated the relationship between human-to-text interactivity and satisfaction. The study fills a gap in the literature on digital social reading, specifically on the influence of interactivity upon user experience, as well as its underlying working mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper assumes that the particle jumps randomly (Guassian jumps) from one point to another along one of the imaginary lines inside the interactive medium. Since this study was done in the space, we consider that the position of the particle at any time t has a multivariate distribution. The random waiting time of the particle for each Gaussian jump depends on its length. An identical set of programed nanosensors (with unit speed) were used to track this particle. Each line has a sensor that starts the tracking process from the origin. The existence of the necessary conditions which give the optimal search plan and the minimum expected value of the particle detection has been proven. This study is supported by a numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to present three girls' visual annotations and digital responses that restory a scene in the picturebook I'm New Here. The authors focus on how children use multimodal tools to reflect their critical knowledge of the world by illuminating how this group of girls responded to and incorporated broader social issues. Design/methodology/approach: This study takes place in a third-grade classroom. Using qualitative methods that build on critical multimodal literacy, the authors documented and analyzed children's visual and digital interpretations. Data were generated from classroom sessions that incorporated interactive readalouds, as well as students' annotated visual images, sketches, video and digital responses. The collaborative analytic process involved multiple passes to interpret visual, textual and multimodal elements. Findings: The analyses revealed how Aliyah, Tiana and Carissa used multimodal tools to engage in the process of restorying. Through their multimodal composition, they designed images that illuminated their solidarity with the young female character wearing the hijab; their desire to disrupt xenophobic bullying; and their hope for a respectful and inclusive climate in their own classroom. Originality/value: In this paper, the authors examine how three girls in a third-grade classroom restory using critical multimodal literacy methods. These girls' multimodal responses reflected how they disrupted dominant storylines of exclusionary practices. Their authentic acts of visual advocacy give us hope for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to investigate the use of mobile applications to teach word reading to three students with hearing impairments aged 9-12. Instruction was conducted using four mobile applications (Chalkboard, Expeditions, Phonto, and Words Seller) that combined interactive multimedia features such as text, images, videos, and interactive content. A multiple probe design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the applications in teaching reading skills. Results indicated that the use of these mobile applications was effective on the acquisition of the reading skills. Results also showed that all students performed at or above criterion on maintenance probe sessions. Additionally, students were able to generalize the acquired reading skills to read new words. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the popularity of three-dimensional (3D) animation techniques, the style of 2D cel animation is seeing increased use in games and interactive applications. However, conventional 3D toon shading frequently requires manual editing to clean up undesired shadows or add stylistic details based on art direction. This editing is impractical for the frame-by-frame editing in cartoon feature film post-production. For interactive stylised media and games, post-production is unavailable due to real-time constraints, so art-direction must be preserved automatically. For these reasons, artists often resort to mesh and texture edits to mitigate undesired shadows typical of toon shaders. Such edits allow real-time rendering but are limited in resolution, animation quality and lack detail control for stylised shadow design. In our framework, artists build a "shading rig," a collection of these edits, that allows artists to animate toon shading. Artists pre-animate the shading rig under changing lighting, to dynamically preserve artistic intent in a live application, without manual intervention. We show our method preserves continuous motion and shape interpolation, with fewer keyframes than previous work. Our shading shape interpolation is computationally cheaper than state-of-the-art image interpolation techniques. We achieve these improvements while preserving vector quality rendering, without resorting either to high texture resolution or mesh density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Academy is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arte, Individuo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of BRAC: Barcelona, Research, Art, Creation is the property of BRAC: Barcelona, Research, Art, Creation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2019, Dolby Atmos Music launched on Tidal HiFi and Amazon Prime Music HD, integrating 3D sound with music streaming services for the first time. This is one of several recent incursions by popular music into immersive and interactive mediums, which also includes technologies such as virtual reality and 360-degree video. As immersive productions become more normal in popular music, they are increasingly critical to examine. How are aesthetic features of pop compositions altered or maintained in these productions? And how do these different spatial mediums affect compositional design, subject positioning, artists' performativity, and staging? This article aims to address these questions by presenting a model for 3D music analysis that relates various notions of music technology and production to musicological concepts on performance environment, staging, and subject position. This model is then demonstrated in a hermeneutic close reading of the song 'Blinding Lights' by R&B superstar The Weeknd, which was released in both stereo and Dolby Atmos mediums in 2019. The goal of the analysis is to demonstrate some of the ways different mediums impinge on various interpretive stances and the relationship between the performer and listener in immersive popular music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Computer games as an interactive media play a significant role in the cognitive and behavioral health of the players. Computer games have either positive or negative effects on cognitive indices among players. They also directly influence the lifestyle and quality of life of children, adolescents, and young adults. The present study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of the brain teaser game on players. Methods: Among 45 male volunteers, 40 subjects with an average age of 20 years were recruited and divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. All required tests were conducted before and after the intervention (playing the game) on the experimental group. Also, the same tests were performed on the control group, in which the participants were not allowed to play the game. All participants completed a questionnaire comprised demographic characteristics and specific information regarding the game (e.g., game style and hours spent on playing the game). The saliva samples were collected to measure levels of cortisol and α-amylase. The salivary α-amylase (sAA) and cortisol levels were analyzed using the relevant ELISA kits. The cognitive tests were performed using PASAT software before and after the game to assess the perceptual-cognitive abilities of the players. The brain waveforms were acquired by a 14-channel Emotiv brain signal recording device before and after the game. Data analysis was conducted in R and MATLAB software. Results: PASAT test suggested that mental health and sustained attention were significantly improved after the intervention. In addition, the sAA and salivary cortisol levels were significantly higher before the intervention. The results of the brainwave analysis revealed that stress index and attention were significantly higher before the intervention. Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that brain teaser games positively influence the central nervous system and activate stress path, leading to changes in brain signals and subsequently improved cognitive elements, such as attention among players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to design an appropriate interactive multimedia to support teaching vocabulary of recount texts to tenth-grade students of MAN 2 Pontianak using Lectora Inspire. The interactive multimedia was designed based on the teacher’s interview, analysis of the current syllabus, and the English textbooks. The writer applied ADDIE as the research model. However, the writer only implemented four phases which were analyzing, designing, developing, and evaluation (ADDE). The product was designed by using Lectora Inspire and some supporting software. The contents of the interactive multimedia were focused on historical recount texts and it was adopted from “Buku Bahasa Inggris Kelas X” Version 2017 that linked to syllabus and learning objectives. The interactive multimedia was completed with some interactive features like feedbacks, navigation buttons, and dictionary. The writer used expert validation to evaluate the product based on the content aspects and the design aspects. It revealed that the product validation ranged from good to very good. Therefore, the interactive multimedia was usable to support teaching and learning processes in MAN 2 Pontianak.

INTRODUCTION: Emerging interactive multimedia applications such as VR have some key requirements that communication medium must full fill in order to have a smooth interactive experience. These requirements include higher uplink and downlink throughput requirement, low latency, and consistent throughput even at the cell edge. Present day 4G/5G Network faces a lack of resource availability for highly sophisticated applications like interactive multimedia. While 4G/5G networks do have a QoS mechanism to handle multiple varieties of traffic requirements, they are passive. At best, initial negotiated QoS are changed on a reactive basis.OBJECTIVES: This work proposes a dynamic QoS management scheme so that the overall necessary resource allocation for interactive multimedia and non-interactive applications can occur.METHODS: The scheme uses mobile agents which can efficiently predict possible disruption in QoS and helpboth server and users to adapt to changing network situation. This way user can be notified of an expected or estimated service quality change in advance, timely adaptation is possible. use this information to for efficient QoS negotiation and re-negotiation.RESULTS: The developed scheme has been tested with different sizes of the 4G/5G networks with several virtual reality users along with other background loads of applications.CONCLUSION: Results are quite encouraging and the system is practically implementable.