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495 results on '"Cavarretta Francesco"'

451. Slow Feature Analysis

Author

Wiskott, Laurenz, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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452. Resistivity, Axial

Author

Bekkers, John, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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458. NineML

Author

Davison, Andrew P., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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459. NeuroMorpho.org

Author

Parekh, Ruchi, Ascoli, Giorgio A., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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460. NeuroElectro Project

Author

Tripathy, Shreejoy J., Gerkin, Richard C., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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461. Nernst Equation

Author

Sterratt, David C., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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462. Morphoelectrotonic Transform

Author

Holmes, William R., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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463. Meta-analysis in Neuroimaging

Author

Ray, Kimberly, Laird, Angela Marie Richmond, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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464. Vestibular System: Overview

Author

Migliaccio, Americo, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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466. Somatosensory System: Overview

Author

Bensmaia, Sliman J., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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467. Phase Response Curves: Overview

Author

Canavier, Carmen C., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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468. Neuromodulation: Overview

Author

Linster, Christiane, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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469. Neuromorphic Engineering: Overview

Author

Renaud, Sylvie, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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471. Brainstem Processing: Overview

Author

Butera, Robert, Morris, Kendall, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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472. Cable Theory: Overview

Author

Holmes, William R., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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473. Brain-Scale Networks: Overview

Author

Netoff, Theoden I., Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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475. Brain Atlases

Author

Choe, Yoonsuck, Migliore, Michele, Section editor, Linster, Christiane, Section editor, Cavarretta, Francesco, Section editor, Jaeger, Dieter, editor, and Jung, Ranu, editor

Published
2022
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482. Olfactory Bulb

Author

Shepherd, Gordon M., additional, Migliore, Michele, additional, and Cavarretta, Francesco, additional

Published
2017
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493. Functional neurology of a brain system: a 3D olfactory bulb model to process natural odorants

Author

Migliore, Michele, Cavarretta, Francesco, Hines, Michael L., and Shepherd, Gordon M.

Subjects
Smell, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Models, Neurological, Odorants, Brain, Humans, Computer Simulation, Recognition, Psychology, Articles, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Olfactory Bulb, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

The network of interactions between mitral and granule cells in the olfactory bulb is a critical step in the processing of odor information underlying the neural basis of smell perception. We are building the first computational model in 3 dimensions of this network in order to analyze the rules for connectivity and function within it. The initial results indicate that this network can be modeled to simulate experimental results on the activation of the olfactory bulb by natural odorants, providing a much more powerful approach for 3D simulation of brain neurons and microcircuits.

494. The role of distributed and segregated synaptic clusters in the olfactory bulb

Author

Migliore, Michele, Cavarretta, Francesco, Addolorata Marasco, Hines, Michael L., Shepherd, Gordon M., Francesco Cavarretta, Addolorata Marasco, Michael L. Hines , Gordon M. Shepherd, Michele Migliore, Migliore, M, Cavarretta, F, Marasco, Addolorata, Hines, Ml, and Shepherd, Gm

Abstract

The specific spatial organization of olfactory bulb network elements and their synaptic connectivity has evolved in such a way to subserve special computational functions needed for odor detection and recognition, but which are still largely unknown. A particularly intriguing example of this organization is the spatially distributed and segregated synaptic clusters, experimentally observed in the olfactory bulb, that often take the form of cellular columns with preferential connectivity in a spatially restricted region below a glomerulus. Understanding the neural basis of odor processing therefore requires understanding the computational functions and role of glomerular units, and how they interact with each other to modulate the input/output (I/O) processing occurring in the olfactory bulb. To address these problems, we used a model with a realistic three dimensional (3D) representation of overlapping and interacting dendrites of mitral and granule cells. With this model, we have been able to obtain new findings that are not obtainable with experiments or simpler artificial models, and make several experimentally testable predictions. In particular, we have found that column formation is an activity-dependent process, whose main functional role is to regulate the spread of activity out of a glomerulus; that columns interact, positively or negatively, in a distancedependent manner; and that sequential odor exposure produces non-commutative processing. Finally, we introduce the concept of “odor operator”, defined as the overall interaction between mitral cells belonging to the same or different glomerular units, and show how it can be developed into a promising theoretical framework for insight into the neural basis of olfactory processing.

495. Glomerular and mitral-granule cell microcircuits coordinate temporal and spatial information processing in the olfactory bulb

Author

Francesco Cavarretta, Addolorata Marasco, Michael L Hines, Gordon M Shepherd, Michele Migliore, Cavarretta, Francesco, Marasco, Addolorata, Hines, Michael L., Shepherd, Gordon M., and Migliore, Michele

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Olfactory system, Glomerulu, Contrast enhancement, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), glomerulus, Biology, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Natural odor, medicine, mitral, Spatial analysis, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Original Research, Olfactory receptor, Periglomerular, granule, Granule cell, Olfactory Bulb, odor learning, Olfactory bulb, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Odor, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The olfactory bulb processes inputs from olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) through two levels: the glomerular layer at the site of input, and the granule cell level at the site of output to the olfactory cortex. The sequence of action of these two levels has not yet been examined. We analyze this issue using a novel computational framework that is scaled up, in three-dimensions (3D), with realistic representations of the interactions between layers, activated by simulated natural odors, and constrained by experimental and theoretical analyses. We suggest that the postulated functions of glomerular circuits have as their primary role transforming a complex and disorganized input into a contrast-enhanced and normalized representation, but cannot provide for synchronization of the distributed glomerular outputs. By contrast, at the granule cell layer, the dendrodendritic interactions mediate temporal decorrelation, which we show is dependent on the preceding contrast enhancement by the glomerular layer. The results provide the first insights into the successive operations in the olfactory bulb, and demonstrate the significance of the modular organization around glomeruli. This layered organization is especially important for natural odor inputs, because they activate many overlapping glomeruli.

Published
2016

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