301. Benzophenone-3 increases metastasis potential in lung cancer cells via epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
- Author
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Phiboonchaiyanan PP, Busaranon K, Ninsontia C, and Chanvorachote P
- Subjects
- A549 Cells, Anoikis drug effects, Caveolin 1 metabolism, Cell Line, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Movement drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases metabolism, Humans, Lung, Lung Neoplasms metabolism, Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects, Up-Regulation drug effects, Benzophenones adverse effects, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition drug effects, Lung Neoplasms chemically induced, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Neoplasm Metastasis pathology
- Abstract
Exposure to compounds with cancer-potentiating effects can contribute to the progression of cancer. Herein we have discovered for the first time that benzophenone-3 (BP-3), a chemical used as sunscreen in various cosmetic products, enhances the ability of lung cancer cells to undergo metastasis. The exposure of the lung cancer cells to BP-3 at non-toxic concentrations significantly increased the number of anoikis resistant cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, BP-3 increased the growth rate as well as the number of colonies accessed by anchorage-independent growth assay. We found that the underlying mechanisms of such behaviors were the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of cancer cells, and the increase in caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expression. As both mechanistic events mediated anoikis resistance via augmentation of cellular survival signals, our results further revealed that the BP-3 treatment significantly up-regulated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Also, such compounds increased the cellular levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins. As the presence of a substantial level of BP-3 in plasma of the consumers has been reported, this finding may facilitate further investigations that lead to better understanding and evidence concerning the safety of use in cancer patients.
- Published
- 2017
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