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28,514 results on '"Leslie J"'

462. Establishing the Basis for a CIS (Computer Information Systems) Undergraduate Program: On Seeking the Body of Knowledge

Author

Longenecker, Herbert E., Babb, Jeffry, Waguespack, Leslie J., Janicki, Thomas N., and Feinstein, David

Abstract

The evolution of computing education spans a spectrum from "computer science" ("CS") grounded in the theory of computing, to "information systems" ("IS"), grounded in the organizational application of data processing. This paper reports on a project focusing on a particular slice of that spectrum commonly labeled as "computer information systems" ("CIS") and reflected in undergraduate academic programs designed to prepare graduates for professions as software developers building systems in government, commercial and not-for-profit enterprises. These programs with varying titles number in the hundreds. This project is an effort to determine if a common knowledge footprint characterizes CIS. If so, an eventual goal would be to describe the proportions of those essential knowledge components and propose guidelines specifically for effective undergraduate CIS curricula. Professional computing societies (ACM, IEEE, AITP (formerly DPMA), etc.) over the past fifty years have sponsored curriculum guidelines for various slices of education that in aggregate offer a compendium of knowledge areas in computing. This paper describes a project to determine the subset of that compendium pertinent to CIS. The project began by surveying experienced academic curriculum designers self-identified with the CIS perspective. The pilot survey results reported herein indicate that many essential knowledge areas of CIS are shared with published IS curricular guidelines but, design and implementation of database systems, software development and project management are distinctive in CIS. The next project phase launches a revised survey suitable for a general audience of computing academics. The intention is to triangulate the perspectives of a widely varied population of computing academics to further crystalize the distinctiveness of CIS as a well-formed closely related discipline of IS with a core of necessary knowledge and skills--then to develop curricular guidelines for undergraduate CIS education.

Published
2015

463. Interdisciplinarity: Suffering from a Lack of Effective Marketing?

Author

Wardley, Leslie J and Bélanger, Charles H

Abstract

After a lulled period there is renewed debate in first-world institutions for increasing interdisciplinary studies and research. The literature has occasionally attempted to capture what "true interdisciplinary work" was and to lure the unbelievers with the use of metaphors, fables, and stories that has led to confusion. As a result, interdisciplinarity is not well understood and the lack of message clarity impacts it's standing within the industry and society in general. This paper purports to overcome marketing communications barriers by: a) defining and positioning the interdisciplinary movement vis-a-vis more traditional approaches; b) explaining what it is and what it is not; c) examining whether interdisciplinarity is on its way of becoming an established discipline; and d) parting with some concluding remarks.

Published
2015

464. A Design Quality Learning Unit in OO Modeling Bridging the Engineer and the Artist

Author

Waguespack, Leslie J.

Abstract

Recent IS curriculum guidelines compress software development pedagogy into smaller and smaller pockets of course syllabi. Where undergraduate IS students once may have practiced modeling in analysis, design, and implementation across six or more courses in a curriculum using a variety of languages and tools they commonly now experience modeling in four or fewer courses in at most a couple of paradigms. And in most of these courses their modeling decisions focus on acceptable syntax rather than principles representing and communicating concepts of quality in information systems. Where learning design quality may once have been an osmotic side effect of development practice it must now be a conscious goal in pedagogy if it is to be taught at all. This paper presents a learning unit that teaches design quality in object-oriented models. The focus on object-oriented models allows the learning to permeate analysis, design, and implementation enriching pedagogy across the systems development life cycle. The quality perspective presented is more expansive than that usually found in software engineering, the traditional "objective" notion of metrics, and integrates aspects of aesthetics, the more subjective phenomena of satisfaction. This learning unit is intended as an adaptable framework to be tailored to the coursework and the overall objectives of specific IS programs.

Published
2015

469. The importance of low-dose CT screening to identify emphysema in asymptomatic participants with and without a prior diagnosis of COPD

Author

Henschke, Claudia I., Yankelevitz, David F., Yip, Rowena, Jirapatnakul, Artit, Flores, Raja, Wolf, Andrea, Libby, Daniel M., Smith, James P., Pasmantier, Mark, Reeves, A.P., Markowitz, Steven, Miller, Albert, Deval, Jose Cervera, Roberts, Heidi, Patsios, Demetris, Sone, Shusuke, Hanaoka, Takaomi, Zulueta, Javier, de-Torres, Juan P., Lozano, Maria D., Aye, Ralph, Manning, Kristin, Bauer, Thomas, Canitano, Stefano, Giunta, Salvatore, Cole, Enser, Klingler, Karl, Austin, John H.M., Pearson, Gregory D.N., Shaham, Dorith, Aylesworth, Cheryl, Meyers, Patrick, Andaz, Shahriyour, Vafai, Davood, Naidich, David, McGuinness, Georgeann, Sheppard, Barry, Rifkin, Matthew, Thorsen, M. Kristin, Hansen, Richard, Kopel, Samuel, Mayfield, William, Luedke, Dan, Klippenstein, Donald, Litwin, Alan, Loud, Peter A., Kohman, Leslie J., Scalzetti, Ernest M., Thurer, Richard, Villamizar, Nestor, Khan, Arfa, Shah, Rakesh, Liu, Xueguo, Herzog, Gary, Yeh, Diana, Wu, Ning, Lowry, Joseph, Salvatore, Mary, Frumiento, Carmine, Mendelson, David S., Smith, Michael V., Korst, Robert, Taylor, Jana, Ginsberg, Michelle S., Straznicka, Michaela, Widmann, Mark, Cecchi, Gary, Matalon, Terence A.S., Scheinberg, Paul, Odzer, Shari-Lynn, Olsen, David, Grannis, Fred, Rotter, Arnold, Ray, Daniel, Mullen, David, Wiernik, Peter H., Cheung, Edson H., Lim, Melissa, DeCunzo, Louis, Glassberg, Robert, Pass, Harvey, Endress, Carmen, Yoder, Mark, Shah, Palmi, Welch, Laura, Kalafer, Michael, Green, Jeremy, Walsh, James, Bertsch, David, Camacho, Elmer, Chin, Cynthia, O'Brien, James, Willey, James C., Steiger, David, and Siddiqi, M. Faisal

Published
2021
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473. Effects of Angular Momentum on Halo Profiles

Author

Lentz, Erik W., Quinn, Thomas R., and Rosenberg, Leslie J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The near universality of DM halo density profiles provided by N-body simulations has proven to be robust against changes in total mass density, power spectrum, and some forms of initial velocity dispersion. In this letter we study the effects of coherently spinning up an isolated DM-only progenitor on halo structure. Halos with spins within several standard deviations of the simulated mean ($\lambda \lesssim 0.20$) produce profiles with negligible deviations from the universal form. Only when the spin becomes quite large ($\lambda \gtrsim 0.20$) do departures become evident. The angular momentum distribution also exhibits a near universal form, which is also independent of halo spin up to $\lambda \lesssim 0.20$. A correlation between these epidemic profiles and the presence of a strong bar in the virialized halo is also observed. These bar structures bear resemblance to the radial orbit instability in the rotationless limit., Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, submitted for publication in ApJ

Published
2016
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486. Erratum: Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass.

Author

Zillikens, M Carola, Demissie, Serkalem, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Chou, Wen-Chi, Stolk, Lisette, Livshits, Gregory, Broer, Linda, Johnson, Toby, Koller, Daniel L, Kutalik, Zoltán, Luan, Jian'an, Malkin, Ida, Ried, Janina S, Smith, Albert V, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Hua Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Weihua, Aghdassi, Ali, Åkesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Baier, Leslie J, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Biffar, Rainer, Bochud, Murielle, Boehnke, Michael, Borecki, Ingrid B, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos Obanda, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Cederberg, Henna, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Jin Choi, Hyung, Claussnitzer, Melina, Collins, Francis, Cummings, Steven R, De Jager, Philip L, Demuth, Ilja, Dhonukshe-Rutten, Rosalie AM, Diatchenko, Luda, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Erdos, Mike, Eriksson, Johan G, Eriksson, Joel, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Garcia, Melissa, Gieger, Christian, Girke, Thomas, Glazer, Nicole L, Grallert, Harald, Grewal, Jagvir, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hanson, Robert L, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Hoffman, Eric P, Homuth, Georg, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Hubal, Monica J, Hubbard, Alan, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Launer, Lenore J, Lee, Jong-Young, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, and Liu, Yongmei

Subjects
Epidemiology, Biological Sciences, Health Sciences, Genetics
Abstract

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this article.

Published
2017

487. The Association of Estrogen Receptor-β Gene Variation With Salt-Sensitive Blood Pressure

Author

Manosroi, Worapaka, Tan, Jia Wei, Rariy, Chevon M, Sun, Bei, Goodarzi, Mark O, Saxena, Aditi R, Williams, Jonathan S, Pojoga, Luminita H, Lasky-Su, Jessica, Cui, Jinrui, Guo, Xiuqing, Taylor, Kent D, Chen, Yii-Der I, Xiang, Anny H, Hsueh, Willa A, Raffel, Leslie J, Buchanan, Thomas A, Rotter, Jerome I, Williams, Gordon H, and Seely, Ellen W

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Hypertension, Aging, Cardiovascular, Genetics, Clinical Research, Contraception/Reproduction, Estrogen, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Blood Pressure, Estrogen Receptor beta, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sodium Chloride, Dietary, Young Adult, Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ContextHypertension in young women is uncommon compared with young men and older women. Estrogen appears to protect most women against hypertension, with incidence increasing after menopause. Because some premenopausal women develop hypertension, estrogen may play a different role in these women. Genetic variations in the estrogen receptor (ER) are associated with cardiovascular disease. ER-β, encoded by ESR2, is the ER predominantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle.ObjectiveTo determine an association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in ESR2 with salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) and estrogen status in women.MethodsCandidate gene association study with ESR2 and SSBP conducted in normotensive and hypertensive women and men in two cohorts: International Hypertensive Pathotype (HyperPATH) (n = 584) (discovery) and Mexican American Hypertension-Insulin Resistance Study (n = 662) (validation). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ESR1 (ER-α) were also analyzed. Analysis conducted in younger (

Published
2017

488. Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass.

Author

Zillikens, M Carola, Demissie, Serkalem, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Chou, Wen-Chi, Stolk, Lisette, Livshits, Gregory, Broer, Linda, Johnson, Toby, Koller, Daniel L, Kutalik, Zoltán, Luan, Jian'an, Malkin, Ida, Ried, Janina S, Smith, Albert V, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Hua Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Weihua, Aghdassi, Ali, Åkesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Baier, Leslie J, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Biffar, Rainer, Bochud, Murielle, Boehnke, Michael, Borecki, Ingrid B, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos Obanda, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Cederberg, Henna, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Jin Choi, Hyung, Claussnitzer, Melina, Collins, Francis, Cummings, Steven R, De Jager, Philip L, Demuth, Ilja, Dhonukshe-Rutten, Rosalie AM, Diatchenko, Luda, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Erdos, Mike, Eriksson, Johan G, Eriksson, Joel, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Garcia, Melissa, Gieger, Christian, Girke, Thomas, Glazer, Nicole L, Grallert, Harald, Grewal, Jagvir, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hanson, Robert L, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Hoffman, Eric P, Homuth, Georg, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Hubal, Monica J, Hubbard, Alan, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koistinen, Heikki A, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Launer, Lenore J, Lee, Jong-Young, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, and Liu, Yongmei

Subjects
Humans, Thinness, 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases, Aldehyde Oxidoreductases, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Body Composition, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional, Versicans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins, ADAMTS Proteins, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO, Human Genome, Genetics, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning
Abstract

Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p

Published
2017

489. Type 2 Diabetes Variants Disrupt Function of SLC16A11 through Two Distinct Mechanisms

Author

Rusu, Victor, Hoch, Eitan, Mercader, Josep M, Tenen, Danielle E, Gymrek, Melissa, Hartigan, Christina R, DeRan, Michael, von Grotthuss, Marcin, Fontanillas, Pierre, Spooner, Alexandra, Guzman, Gaelen, Deik, Amy A, Pierce, Kerry A, Dennis, Courtney, Clish, Clary B, Carr, Steven A, Wagner, Bridget K, Schenone, Monica, Ng, Maggie CY, Chen, Brian H, Consortium, MEDIA, Shriner, Daniel, Li, Jiang, Chen, Wei-Min, Guo, Xiuqing, Liu, Jiankang, Bielinski, Suzette J, Yanek, Lisa R, Nalls, Michael A, Comeau, Mary E, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Jensen, Richard A, Evans, Daniel S, Sun, Yan V, An, Ping, Patel, Sanjay R, Lu, Yingchang, Long, Jirong, Armstrong, Loren L, Wagenknecht, Lynne, Yang, Lingyao, Snively, Beverly M, Palmer, Nicholette D, Mudgal, Poorva, Langefeld, Carl D, Keene, Keith L, Freedman, Barry I, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Nayak, Uma, Raffel, Leslie J, Goodarzi, Mark O, Chen, Y-D Ida, Taylor, Herman A, Correa, Adolfo, Sims, Mario, Couper, David, Pankow, James S, Boerwinkle, Eric, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Doumatey, Ayo, Chen, Guanjie, Mathias, Rasika A, Vaidya, Dhananjay, Singleton, Andrew B, Zonderman, Alan B, Igo, Robert P, Sedor, John R, Consortium, the FIND, Kabagambe, Edmond K, Siscovick, David S, McKnight, Barbara, Rice, Kenneth, Liu, Yongmei, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Zhao, Wei, Bielak, Lawrence F, Kraja, Aldi, Province, Michael A, Bottinger, Erwin P, Gottesman, Omri, Cai, Qiuyin, Zheng, Wei, Blot, William J, Lowe, William L, Pacheco, Jennifer A, Crawford, Dana C, Consortium, the eMERGE, Consortium, the DIAGRAM, Grundberg, Elin, Consortium, the MuTHER, Rich, Stephen S, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Loos, Ruth JF, Borecki, Ingrid B, Peyser, Patricia A, Cummings, Steven R, and Psaty, Bruce M

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Clinical Research, Diabetes, Digestive Diseases, Liver Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Basigin, Cell Membrane, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Haplotypes, Hepatocytes, Heterozygote, Histone Code, Humans, Liver, Models, Molecular, Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters, MEDIA Consortium, SIGMA T2D Consortium, MCT11, SLC16A11, disease mechanism, fatty acid metabolism, genetics, lipid metabolism, monocarboxylates, precision medicine, solute carrier, type 2 diabetes, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects Latinos at twice the rate seen in populations of European descent. We recently identified a risk haplotype spanning SLC16A11 that explains ∼20% of the increased T2D prevalence in Mexico. Here, through genetic fine-mapping, we define a set of tightly linked variants likely to contain the causal allele(s). We show that variants on the T2D-associated haplotype have two distinct effects: (1) decreasing SLC16A11 expression in liver and (2) disrupting a key interaction with basigin, thereby reducing cell-surface localization. Both independent mechanisms reduce SLC16A11 function and suggest SLC16A11 is the causal gene at this locus. To gain insight into how SLC16A11 disruption impacts T2D risk, we demonstrate that SLC16A11 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter and that genetic perturbation of SLC16A11 induces changes in fatty acid and lipid metabolism that are associated with increased T2D risk. Our findings suggest that increasing SLC16A11 function could be therapeutically beneficial for T2D. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

Published
2017

490. Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Average Blood Pressure in East Asians

Author

Li, Changwei, Kim, Yun Kyoung, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Li, Huaixing, Lee, I-Te, Cheng, Ching-Yu, He, Meian, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Guo, Xiuqing, Ganesh, Santhi K, He, Jiang, Lee, Juyoung, Liu, Jianjun, Hu, Yao, Rao, Dabeeru C, Tsai, Fuu-Jen, Koh, Jia Yu, Hu, Hua, Liang, Kae-Woei, Palmas, Walter, Hixson, James E, Han, Sohee, Teo, Yik-Ying, Wang, Yiqin, Chen, Jing, Lu, Chieh Hsiang, Zheng, Yingfeng, Gui, Lixuan, Lee, Wen-Jane, Yao, Jie, Gu, Dongfeng, Han, Bok-Ghee, Sim, Xueling, Sun, Liang, Zhao, Jinying, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Kumari, Neelam, He, Yunfeng, Taylor, Kent D, Raffel, Leslie J, Moon, Sanghoon, Rotter, Jerome I, Ida Chen, Yii-der, Wu, Tangchun, Wong, Tien Yin, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Lin, Xu, Tai, E-Shyong, Kim, Bong-Jo, and Kelly, Tanika N

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Biotechnology, Genetics, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Cardiovascular, Asian People, Blood Pressure, Asia, Eastern, Female, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, arterial pressure, blood pressure, epidemiology, genome-wide association study, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundGenome-wide single marker and gene-based meta-analyses of long-term average (LTA) blood pressure (BP) phenotypes may reveal novel findings for BP.Methods and resultsWe conducted genome-wide analysis among 18 422 East Asian participants (stage 1) followed by replication study of ≤46 629 participants of European ancestry (stage 2). Significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes were determined by a P

Published
2017

491. Dexamethasone-suppressed Salivary Cortisol and Pain Sensitivity in Female Twins

Author

Godfrey, Kathryn M, Herbert, Matthew, Strachan, Eric, Mostoufi, Sheeva, Crofford, Leslie J, Buchwald, Dedra, Poeschla, Brian, Succop, Annemarie, and Afari, Niloofar

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Chronic Pain, Pain Research, Neurosciences, Adult, Analgesics, Cold Temperature, Dexamethasone, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pain Measurement, Pain Perception, Pain Threshold, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Pressure, Registries, Saliva, Stress, Psychological, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic, Water, Anesthesiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectivesHypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation is associated with chronic pain. Studying pain sensitivity and the HPA axis could elucidate the role of stress in chronic pain development, which might be influenced by familial factors, including genes.MethodsAssociations between pain sensitivity and salivary cortisol and familial confounding in these associations were examined in 88 female, community-based twin pairs (75% monozygotic, mean age 29 y). Cortisol was assessed after 0.25 mg dexamethasone (DEX), recovery from 0.25 mg DEX, and after 0.5 mg DEX. Cold pressor task (CPT) pain ratings were obtained at threshold and at tolerance. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) was examined using thermal heat as the testing stimulus and hot water as the conditioning stimulus. Generalized estimating equation models were used and adjusted for baseline pain rating, age, and other relevant covariates.ResultsAfter controlling for baseline cortisol, greater cortisol suppression following DEX administration and lower recovery cortisol levels were associated with higher pain ratings at tolerance during the CPT (Bs=-2.42 to -17.82; Ps=0.031 to

Published
2017

492. Non-ASD outcomes at 36 months in siblings at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A baby siblings research consortium (BSRC) study.

Author

Charman, Tony, Young, Gregory S, Brian, Jessica, Carter, Alice, Carver, Leslie J, Chawarska, Katarzyna, Curtin, Suzanne, Dobkins, Karen, Elsabbagh, Mayada, Georgiades, Stelios, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hutman, Ted, Iverson, Jana M, Jones, Emily J, Landa, Rebecca, Macari, Suzanne, Messinger, Daniel S, Nelson, Charles A, Ozonoff, Sally, Saulnier, Celine, Stone, Wendy L, Tager-Flusberg, Helen, Webb, Sara Jane, Yirmiya, Nurit, and Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie

Subjects
Humans, Risk, Siblings, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Autism Spectrum Disorder, adaptive functioning, autism spectrum disorder, broader autism phenotype, developmental outcomes, high risk siblings, Child, Preschool, Developmental & Child Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology
Abstract

We characterized developmental outcomes of a large sample of siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who themselves did not have ASD (n = 859), and low-risk controls with no family history of ASD (n = 473). We report outcomes at age 3 years using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and adaptive functioning on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Around 11% of high-risk siblings had mild-to-moderate levels of developmental delay, a rate higher than the low-risk controls. The groups did not differ in the proportion of toddlers with mild-to-moderate language delay. Thirty percent of high-risk siblings had elevated scores on the ADOS, double the rate seen in the low-risk controls. High-risk siblings also had higher parent reported levels of ASD symptoms on the ADI-R and lower adaptive functioning on the Vineland. Males were more likely to show higher levels of ASD symptoms and lower levels of developmental ability and adaptive behavior than females across most measures but not mild-to-moderate language delay. Lower maternal education was associated with lower developmental and adaptive behavior outcomes. These findings are evidence for early emerging characteristics related to the "broader autism phenotype" (BAP) previously described in older family members of individuals with ASD. There is a need for ongoing clinical monitoring of high-risk siblings who do not have an ASD by age 3 years, as well as continued follow-up into school age to determine their developmental and behavioral outcomes. Autism Res 2017, 10: 169-178. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2017

493. Isocyanide Substituent Influences Reductive Elimination versus Migratory Insertion in Reaction with an [Fe2(μ-H)2]2+Complex

Author

John, Titto Sunil, Dobrzycki, Łukasz, Catalano, Vincent J., and Murray, Leslie J.

Abstract

Iron hydrides are proposed reactive intermediates for N2and CO conversion in industrial and biological processes. Here, we report a reactivity study of a low-coordinate di(μ-hydrido)diiron(II) complex, Fe2(μ-H)2L, where L2–is a bis(β-diketiminate) cyclophane, with isocyanides, which have electronic structures related to N2and CO. The reaction outcome is influenced by the isocyanide substituent, with 2,6-xylyl isocyanide leading to H2loss, to form a bis(μ-1,1-isocyanide)diiron(I) complex, whereas all of the other tested isocyanides insert into the Fe–H bond to give (μ-1,2-iminoformyl) complexes. Steric bulk of the isocyanide substituent determines the extent of insertion (i.e., into one or both Fe–H–Fe units) with tert-butyl isocyanide reacting to yield the mono-(μ-1,2-iminoformyl)diiron(II) complex, exclusively, and isopropyl- and methyl isocyanides affording the bis(μ-1,2-iminoformyl)diiron(II) products. Treatment of Fe2(μ-1,2-CHNtBu)(μ-H)Lwith 2,6-xylyl isocyanide (or XylNC) yields Fe2(μ-XylNC)2Land tert-butylaldimine as one of the organic products.

Published
2024
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494. Tear neuropeptide Y as a non-invasive marker of peripheral microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes

Author

Britten-Jones, Alexis Ceecee, Wu, Mengliang, Roberts, Leslie J., MacIsaac, Richard J., Jiao, Haihan, Craig, Jennifer P., Chinnery, Holly R., and Downie, Laura E.

Abstract

To investigate tear neuropeptide Y (NPY) and substance P concentrations in individuals with type 1 diabetes, comparing those with and without both diabetic retinopathy (DR) and peripheral neuropathy.

Published
2024
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