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West Nile Virus is one of the most frequently reported etiologies of viral encephalitis in the USA. West Nile Virus infections among hospitalized patients manifests most commonly as neuro-invasive disease. West Nile Virus has also been reported to cause myocarditis. Arrhythmia is not an uncommon occurrence in viral myocarditis. As cases of West Nile Virus increase, it is important that the index of suspicion also increase for this uncommon complication. Physicians who are caring for West Nile Virus-infected patients need to be aware of the possibility of West Nile Virus -related myocarditis. The question arises whether a patient with an established diagnosis of West Nile Virus -meningoencephalitis should be under continuous cardiac monitoring, bearing in mind the rare, but fatal, complication of cardiac arrhythmia secondary to viral myocarditis. We present a case report of a 65-year-old man who initially presented with fever, blurry vision, and decreased oral intake who subsequently suffered a fatal arrhythmia; further laboratory tests and autopsy findings revealed the patient likely had developed encephalitis and myocarditis secondary to West Nile Virus infection.

We investigate the angular dependence of the triple fragmentation of CO3+ 2, formed by the absorption of linearly polarized 200 eV photons. Complete momentum mapping of all fragment ions (C+, O+, O+) enables us to determine the plane of fragmentation and its orientation w.r.t. the polarization axis. While the C+ ions are found to be preferentially ejected perpendicular to the polarization axis, the plane spanned by the velocity vectors of the three fragments is found to contain the polarization axis. The distribution of the angles between the velocity vectors is mapped to the O = C = O bond angle of the precursor under the Coulomb explosion model. The mapping shows that the triple ionization at this energy proceeds from the normal state of CO2. In the light of this we are led to the surprising conclusion that non-resonant photo-triple-ionization preferentially occurs in those CO2 molecules whose C2v symmetry axis is nearly perpendicular to the polarization axis. � 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Emission bands of the (C-X) and (D-X) systems of HgX (X=Cl,Br,I) radicals and atomic mercury lines during transitions from various excited levels to lower levels have been observed due to collisions of N+ and N2 + ions and HgX2 molecules. Emission cross-sections have been determined at different laboratory kinetic energies of the projectile ions by using the integrated intensity of emission, the HgX2 vapor densities, charged particle densities and the interaction length between the charged particles and the mercury halide vapors.

Fragmentation of $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}_{6}{}^{3+}$, formed from $\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{F}}_{6}$ by absorption of soft x-ray photons, has been investigated using a momentum imaging time-of-flight spectrometer. We observe triple ion coincidences between two ${\mathrm{F}}^{+}$ ions and $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}_{m}{}^{+}$ where $m=0,\dots{},3$. Strong correlation between the momentum distributions of the two ${\mathrm{F}}^{+}$ ions is observed across all dissociation channels involving triple ion coincidences. We present a method of estimating the contribution of the neutral fragments to the kinematics of ion ejection based on the scalar triple product of the ion momentum vectors. The noncoplanarity of the three ion ejecta inferred in this manner allows us to discern the fragmentation sequence of $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}_{6}{}^{3+}$. The proposed sequence is loss of a neutral F followed by violent ejection of two ${\mathrm{F}}^{+}$ ions and gentle removal of remaining F atoms from $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{F}_{3}{}^{+}$.

Fragmentation of S F6 3+, formed from S F6 by absorption of soft x-ray photons, has been investigated using a momentum imaging time-of-flight spectrometer. We observe triple ion coincidences between two F+ ions and S Fm+ where m=0,...,3. Strong correlation between the momentum distributions of the two F+ ions is observed across all dissociation channels involving triple ion coincidences. We present a method of estimating the contribution of the neutral fragments to the kinematics of ion ejection based on the scalar triple product of the ion momentum vectors. The noncoplanarity of the three ion ejecta inferred in this manner allows us to discern the fragmentation sequence of S F6 3+. The proposed sequence is loss of a neutral F followed by violent ejection of two F+ ions and gentle removal of remaining F atoms from S F3+. � 2008 The American Physical Society.

Emission bands of the (B-X) system of HgI-radicals and mercury atomic lines during transitions from various excited levels to lower levels have been observed due to collisions of N+ and N+ 2 ions and HgI2 molecules. By using the integrated intensity of these emissions, HgI2 vapor density and the charge particle density, emission cross-sections have been measured at different laboratory kinetic energies of the projectile ions.

Emission spectra of the (B-X), (C-X) and (D-X) band systems of HgCl-radical and mercury atomic lines from highly excited levels to various lower levels have been observed during collisions of N+ and N+ 2 ions and HgCl2/Hg2Cl2 molecules at different laboratory kinetic energies of the projectile ions. Emission cross-sections of the most intense mercury atomic lines and the (C-X) band system of the HgCl-radicals, have been measured in the laboratory kinetic energy range of 100–900 eV.

Molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) in carbonyl sulfide at selected photon energies above the sulfur 1s ionization threshold have been measured using a recently developed vector-correlation experimental setup and theoretically calculated using the time-dependent DFT method. For this linear molecule, the selection of the fragmentation channel CO+ + S+ is an effective method to fix the molecular frame. The experimental results are found in good agreement with the calculated MFPADs.

We have studied the laser performance of Nd: KGW and Nd: YAG rods by monitoring the 1.06 μm laser emission at 78.5 K and 300 K. Our observations indicate that the laser efficiency from Nd: KGW is much higher than from Nd: YAG at these two temperatures. The laser threshold in Nd: KGW is lower at 78.5 K than at 300 K but it is always lower than that in Nd:YAG.

A set of quasi-Continuous-Wave (CW) diode lasers has been used to pump Nd:KGW and to generate 1.35µm laser radiation at room temperature. The optical-to-optical and slope efficiencies have been measured and compared with those of Nd:YAG at identical experimental conditions.

Continuous Wave (CW) laser action has been observed from a Ho:Tm:LuAG rod at 2.1 μm pumped by a diode laser at 785 nm in the temperature range of 77–200 K. The maximum power observed was 1.38 W at an incident power of 4 W at a crystal temperature of 77 K. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency was observed to be 35.6% at a threshold power of 0.2 W with a 95% output coupling mirror.

Fiber-coupled laser diodes were used to pump a Nd-doped SGGM slab (Nd: 4at.%) in the Continous Wave (CW) and Quasi-CW (Q-CW) modes of operation. The optical-to-optical and slope efficiencies were determined in both cases.

A close-coupled scheme has been developed to end-pump the Nd:YAG rod using diode lasers tuned to 808 nm. By using a single diode laser, an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of about 40% has been demonstrated in the multimode operation at 1064 nm.

The effect of Nd concentration on the laser performance at 1064 nm from Nd:KGW has been studied in a single flash-lamp cavity. The Nd concentrations used were 3, 5, and 6 at.% in 6 mm diameter and 80 mm long KGW rods. The 5 at % Nd-doped KGW rod was found to have the highest laser extraction efficiency as compared to the 3 at.% and 6 at.% rods.

Laser emission at 1.06 μm has been observed from Nd: doped YAG, KGW and SGGM crystals pumped by a linear Xe-gas filled flashlamp in the input energy range of 1–25 J. The intrinsic slope efficiency has been determined to be 8.84%, 2.25% and 1.25% from Nd: KGW (Nd: 3% atomic), Nd: YAG (Nd: 1.0% atomic) and Nd: SGGM (Nd: 4% atomic), respectively.

A single Xe gas filled flash lamp has been used to pump a Nd-doped SGGM rod 5 mm in diameter and 80 mm in length. Laser emission has been observed at 1.06 μm in the free running mode of operation in the input energy range of 1–25 J. The laser performance has been evaluated using two different diffuse/filter combinations to block the ultraviolet radiation from the Xe lamp and the results have been compared. The intrinsic slope efficiency was determined to be approximately 1.5% with an 80% output coupler and a spectralon diffuser.

The aim of this paper is to give a practical view of meshfree methods based on the element free Galerkin (EFG) method, to students and beginners on the meshfree methods. The methodology has been presented in very easy and lucid form to bring clarity and understanding without getting into the mesh of mathematical derivation and various words used to represent similar terms in the research environment. The EFG method was selected for the purpose, being easy to implement and versatile. The tapered bar subjected to point load is considered as an example, as it gives the blend of simplicity and complexity along with the easier derivation of the exact solution, which can be compared to the obtained meshfree solution. The MATLAB code has been used to find the nodal displacement and stresses, and their plots along with exact solution and finite element method. The code shall be made available to enthusiastic beginners and is expected to collaborate the findings.

Emission bands of the CHO, CH, and OH radicals, together with atomic hydrogen transitions, have been observed due to collisions of CHO+ ions and CH4 molecules. Cross sections of the most intense band of the CH radical have been determined at different laboratory kinetic energies of the CHO+ ions in the range 100 to 900 eV.

In the title compound, C20H18N2O2S2, the dihedral angles between the 2-furoic acid group and the two benzyl groups are 72.4 (9) and 75.8 (8)°, while the angle between the mean planes of the two benzyl groups is 48.9 (2)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions between the extended O atom of a 2-furoic acid group and H atoms from nearby benzyl and 2-furoic acid groups in the unit cell, linking the mol­ecules into chains in a zigzag pattern, diagonally across the ac plane containing the 2-fuoric acid rings. Additional inter­molecular inter­actions occur between the π orbitals of one benzyl ring and H atoms from a nearby benzyl ring at the opposite end of the mol­ecule. Additional intra­molecular inter­actions between the hydrazide H atom and both an O atom from a nearby furoic acid group and an S atom from a close sulfanyl group provide added stability to the molecule.

S1s photoionization in carbonyl sulfide (OCS), followed by multiple Auger decay is investigated both experimentally and theoretically, by means of photoelectron-ion coincidences. A strong influence ...