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A photosensor element suitable for incorporation into charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging arrays in which the charge injected into the CCD is proportional to the logarithm of incident light intensity is presented. The photosensor element consists of a photodiode directly coupled to a two-stage MOSFET common source amplifier. This element occupies an area of 25 × 100 μm and is arranged so that it could be incorporated into a linear CCD imaging array having a period of 25 μm. A logarithmic response is measured over a 68.6-dB range of incident light intensity with a sensitivity of 55 mV/decade of light intensity.

The concept of illuminating a silicon photodetector along an edge to increase the light propagation path through the depletion region and thus to increase quantum efficiency at near IR wavelengths is introduced. Quantum efficiency measurements using both a GaAlAs laser and a He–Ne laser are included. These measurements show an improvement in quantum efficiency at λ = 0.83 μm for edge illumination over normal incidence of 75% for a photodiode and of 142% for a MOS capacitor photosensor.

The personality characteristics of 15 male Army helicopter pilots were ascertained by means of the MMPI and compared to those of 16 male nonpilot Army Officers. The pilots manifested more pathology than nonpilots for the significant data, as evidenced by significantly higher scores on the Hypochondriasis, Depression, Hysteria, Psychasthenia, and Social Introversion-Extroversion scales.

An elite junior badminton player presented with a chronic painful dominant shoulder after an intense training course. An acute stress fracture to the proximal humeral epiphysis was found. Two-plane radiography will identify abnormalities of the growth plate but comparative films of the unaffected side may also be required to differentiate subtle changes. Rest with subsequent rehabilitation is the appropriate management of these injuries although ideally they should be subjected to primary prevention.

The time when it was thought possible to foretell the character of insanity by noting which was the larger pupil has long since passed away. It is also my opinion that when the influence of great altitude upon the general economy shall be better understood, the time when we, as physicians, were inclined to regard inequality of the pupils as more than presumptive evidence of serious lesions, will have become ancient history.My reasons for bringing this subject (anisocoria) to your notice are many, the main one being to impress upon you that there may be unequal dilatation of the pupils which is in no way indicative of the lesions to which we are commonly in the habit of attributing it. So far as I can learn, but little has been written upon the subject, and that little deals with it as a symptomatic manifestation of graver troubles, such as

The article reports on the significance of the pharmacist networks to meet the challenges in delivering medication therapy management (MTM) in the U.S. The networks are developed to meet the needs of a payer, including the availability of enough pharmacists to provide care to patient and a mechanism to ensure the quality of the care provided. It suggests that a network with an administrative team that works closely with the payer will provide an opportunity to pharmacists to participate in MTM.

The article offers tips in developing effective programs for self-insured employers in providing direct patient care and receiving reimbursement for patient-centered services. It includes finding a self-insured employer group willing to collaborate and identifying the key decision maker. Also, it provides tips on how to develop an employer-based business plan including designating a pharmacist with excellent interpersonal skills, developing marketing materials, and providing reports.

A novel tunable optical add-drop multiplexer based on a silicon forward or backward directional coupler is proposed. This device enables one wavelength channel or a small band of channels to be inserted into or extracted from a wavelenghth-division multiplexing (WDM) signal with the capability that the wavelength for which this occurs can be varied utilizing injection current variation. For the backward coupling configuration, an adjacent sidelobe level rejection of −7.5 dB, coupling efficiency of 96.13&percent;, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 0.174 nm with central wavelength at 1549.93 nm are simulated. Wavelength tunability of 169.3 nm (forward coupling) or 0.78 nm (backward coupling) result from our simulations, corresponding to a voltage-induced refractive index change Δn of 0.0021. The forward coupling configuration provides a somewhat wider 3-dB bandwidth and more extensive tuning capability.

A novel fabrication scheme to develop high-throughput plastic microlenses using injection-molding techniques is realized. The initial microlens mold is fabricated using the well-known reflow technique. The reflow process is optimized to obtain reliable and repeatable microlens patterns. The master mold insert for the injection-molding process is fabricated using metal electroforming. The electroplating process is optimized for obtaining a low stress electroform. Two new plastic materials, cyclo olefin copolymer (COC) and Poly IR 2 are introduced in this work for fabricating microlenses. The plastic microlenses have been characterized for their focal lengths that range from 200 μm to 1.9 mm. This technique enables high-volume production of plastic microlenses with cycle times for a single chip being of the order of 60 s.

Considerable interest in the relationship between insulin and the brain has developed since Havrankova et al reported insulin and insulin receptors in RB in 1978. There is evidence that insulin may be synthesized in RB, and that the insulin/insulin receptor system in RB is functionally separate from that in the periphery. Recently, we documented that insulin stimulates protein and nucleic acid synthesis in glia from newborn RB, and established that the developing RB is a target tissue for insulin.We studied the relative binding of monoiodinated insulin isomers (826 and A14) to determine if membranes and cells from newborn RB showed relative binding characteristics which were similar to other extrahepatic insulin target tissues. RB membranes, neurons and glia bound B26 better than A14, whereas liver plasma membranes bound both equally. Competition-inhibition curves were generated using homologous 127 I-insulin isomers. Binding of B26 was greater than A14 at all concentrations. The relative maximal binding of B26 compared to A14 was 1.35.Scatchard plots of the data were curvilinear, which is characteristic of other insulin target tissues. Receptor concentrations for each isomer were similar, but affinities for B26 were greater than for A14 at all points, suggesting that the entire differences in relative binding could be accounted for by differences in receptor affinity for the two isomers. This is in agreement with the findings in other insulin target tissues.

Incomplete Block Designs, by Peter W. M. John. Lecture Notes in Statistics, Vol. I. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York and Basel (1980), 101 pp. SFr 40.

A cancer registration scheme was started in the Fiji Islands in January 1965. The background to the scheme is described and cancer incidence rates derived from five years' registration are reported. Comparison between the two main ethnic groups, Fijian and Indian, shows that all cancers taken together were somewhat commoner in Fijian males than in Indian but almost equally common in both groups of females. Both island groups show rates substantially lower than those recorded in more industrialized societies, but it seems unlikely that incomplete registration accounts for more than a small proportion of the total deficiency. The cervix uteri is the commonest site to be affected in both races and the present data do not support earlier suggestions that Fijian women are less often affected than Indian women. Thyroid cancer rates are notably high among Fijian women and there is some indication of an unfavourable experience of liver cancer among Fijian men.