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Two new types of multiply bridged cyclophanes with intramolecular cavity have been designed and prepared. Macrobicyclic tris(diynes) like 1 and 2 with relatively rigid and large hydrophobic cavity form crystalline inclusion complexes with nitriles. The related bis-(triphenylmethyl) dication 7 can be considered as a concave dye. The spherical hydrocarbon C36H36 (10) forms a 1:1 complex with silver tritiate.

“Entitlement,” according to the American Heritage Dictionary, is the “right to do or have something.” In a close relationship (CR), entitlement may be viewed as the kind of and quality of outcomes an individual believes he or she deserves to receive as a result of maintaining the relationship. Entitlement must be distinguished from the level of outcomes one expects to receive from the relationship, although in practice the two may be highly correlated, with most people no doubt expecting to receive what they deserve, given the widespread belief in a “just world” (Lerner & Lerner, 1981). The concept of entitlement directly engages social-exchange theory. For example, social-exchange theorists believe that knowledge of an individual’s comparison level is vital to understanding social relationships, including romantic relationships. An individual’s comparison level is the goodness-of-outcome level an individual believes he or she deserves in a specific relationship.

rDNA hirudin plasma concentrations in man and rhesus monkeys were determined over a period of 15 and 24 h. The plasma concentration of alpha-human thrombin-hirudin complex was measured after administration of the complex to rhesus monkeys. The complex was also determined after administration of hirudin to man and rhesus monkeys to study a possible formation of a complex with alpha-human thrombin in blood. The determination of hirudin was performed by a sandwich ELISA, using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and the chromogenic thrombin substrate assay. The alpha-human thrombin-hirudin complex concentration in the plasma of rhesus monkeys was measured over a period of 48 hours. The results of a sandwich ELISA were compared with those of the chromogenic thrombin substrate assay. A good agreement between the total hirudin concentrations analyzed by the hirudin ELISA and the alpha-human thrombin-hirudin complex ELISA and those of the chromogenic thrombin substrate assay, measuring total hirudin, too, was observed.

The design of artificial complexing agents renders information about the steric and electronic requirements of molecular recognition, which will help in the construction of selective molecular catalysts. This article presents a concise overview on macrobi- and macrooligocyclic host compounds. Metal complexes of cagelike ligands have been used for photophysical investigations which might lead to the development of efficient sensitizers for solar energy harvesting. The selective complexation of neutral organic molecules has been underlined by extraction and transport experiments and can be of use in environmental technique and. medical applications. Tailormade bicyclic host compounds indicate the inclusion of organic guests by changing their colour and might thus be used as sensors.

The cytotoxic activities of several natural and semisynthetic anthracyclines against L1210 leukemia and two human colon tumor cells (Colon 4, HT 29) in vitro were examined after short (1 h) and long (7 days) incubation times and correlated with the water/octanol partition coefficients and the DNA-binding affinity of the compounds. Analysis of equation in which cytotoxicity against L1210 (1-h incubation) was parabolically related to the partition coefficient revealed an almost exclusive correlation (r = 0.80) between the cytotoxicity and the parameters, and this correlation was only slightly improved by addition of DNA-binding affinity (r = 0.85). On the other hand, cytotoxic activities displayed after continuous incubation were partially related to both partition coefficients (parabolic dependence) and DNA-binding affinities (linear dependence). In this case the correlation between the activity and partition coefficient (r = 0.67) was significantly improved by addition of DNA-binding affinity (r = 0.90). Similar results were also obtained for human colon tumor cells although the corresponding correlation coefficients were generally of lower value, indicating that cytotoxic activity of anthracyclines against these primary resistant cells may be influenced by additional factors not yet determined.